Laboratory Investigation - Table of Contents alert Volume 92 Issue 6

TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume 92, Issue 6 (June 2012) In this issue Inside LI Research Articles Also new AOP Sign up for e-alerts Recommend to your library Web feed Subscribe Advertisement Recommended by the Editors: Hyperglycemia and xerostomia are key determinants of tooth decay in type 1 diabetic mice Dental complications such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and tooth loss are often present in people with type 1 diabetes, however the mechanisms connecting these afflictions remain unclear. By analyzing tooth morphology in a mouse model that mimics hyperglycemia, Chih-Ko Yeh and colleagues found that the hyperglycemic mice showed decreased enamel mineralization/matrix proteins and were predisposed to excessive wearing and decay. The results suggest that early detection and treatment of hyperglycemia and hyposalivation may help to prevent these oral diseases. Read this full article now.   Inside LI Top Inside Lab Invest 2012 92: 800-801; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.82 Full Text Research Articles Top GENITOURINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS Alterations in Brca1 expression in mouse ovarian granulosa cells have short-term and long-term consequences on estrogen-responsive organs Brca1 mutations in mouse ovarian granulosa cells lead to taller animals and stronger bones. A better understanding of the biological and histological implications of such mutations on bone and other non-reproductive organs may lead to novel approaches in the clinical management of the BRCA1 mutation carrier state. Hai-Yun Yen, Yankel Gabet, Ying Liu, Anthony Martin, Nancy L Wu, Malcolm C Pike, Baruch Frenkel, Robert Maxson and Louis Dubeau 2012 92: 802-811; advance online publication, April 9, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.58 Abstract | Full Text Transgelin is a marker of repopulating mesangial cells after injury and promotes their proliferation and migration Mesangial cell migration is essential during glomerular repair and during kidney development. Transgelin is presented as a new marker for repopulating mesangial cells; this protein is shown to modulate their migratory and proliferative repair response in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis and during glomerulogenesis. Christoph Daniel, Andrea Lüdke, Andrea Wagner, Vladimir T Todorov, Bernd Hohenstein and Christian Hugo 2012 92: 812-826; advance online publication, April 2, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.63 Abstract | Full Text HEPATIC AND PANCREATIC SYSTEMS Curcumin eliminates the inhibitory effect of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on gene expression of AGE receptor-1 in hepatic stellate cells in vitro Type 2 diabetes is commonly accompanied by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Curcumin, known to protect against hepatic fibrogenesis, eliminates the effects of AGEs in the liver by inducing AGE-receptor1 expression. This process is mediated by inhibition of ERK activity, inducing expression of PPARγ and stimulating its trans-activity. Jianguo Lin, Youcai Tang, Qiaohua Kang and Anping Chen 2012 92: 827-841; advance online publication, March 26, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.53 Abstract | Full Text Ferroportin-1 is a ‘nuclear’-negative acute-phase protein in rat liver: a comparison with other iron-transport proteins During the acute-phase-response, the liver acts as a “sponge” for serum iron. Increased hepatic iron concentrations are paralleled by increased expression of hepcidin and iron import proteins, and a concomitant decrease in iron export proteins. These transient changes are due to the interaction of acute phase cytokines with liver cells. Naila Naz, Ihtzaz A Malik, Nadeem Sheikh, Shakil Ahmad, Sajjad Khan, Martina Blaschke, Frank Schultze and Giuliano Ramadori 2012 92: 842-856; advance online publication, April 2, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.52 Abstract | Full Text Genetic background effects of keratin 8 and 18 in a DDC-induced hepatotoxicity and Mallory-Denk body formation mouse model Keratin 8 and keratin 18 form the hepatocyte cytoskeleton and are altered in livers affected by steatohepatitis. Mallory-Denk body formation is independent of the genetic background as an intrinsic factor while toxicity effects may depend on the genetic background. This work has important implications for model systems of steatohepatitis. Johannes Haybaeck, Cornelia Stumptner, Andrea Thueringer, Thomas Kolbe, Thomas M Magin, Michael Hesse, Peter Fickert, Oleksiy Tsybrovskyy, Heimo Müller, Michael Trauner, Kurt Zatloukal and Helmut Denk 2012 92: 857-867; advance online publication, March 26, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.49 Abstract | Full Text ORAL AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEMS Hyperglycemia and xerostomia are key determinants of tooth decay in type 1 diabetic mice Hyperglycemia and impaired saliva production in type 1 diabetes lead to decreased enamel mineralization matrix protein levels and predispose teeth to excessive wearing and decay. Early detection and treatment of hyperglycemia/ hyposalivation may be essential for preventing dental complications of diabetes. Chih-Ko Yeh, Stephen E Harris, Sumathy Mohan, Diane Horn, Roberto Fajardo, Yong-Hee Patricia Chun, James Jorgensen, Mary MacDougall and Sherry Abboud-Werner 2012 92: 868-882; advance online publication, March 26, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.60 Abstract | Full Text Gastric tumor development in Smad3-deficient mice initiates from forestomach/glandular transition zone along the lesser curvature Smad3-deficient mice develop gastric tumors in the fundus, which arise from the junction between the forestomach and the glandular epithelium and progress to prominent invasive tumors over time. Smad3 null mice therefore represent a novel model of fundic gastric tumorigenesis. Ki Taek Nam, Ryan O'Neal, Yeo Song Lee, Yong Chan Lee, Robert J Coffey and James R Goldenring 2012 92: 883-895; advance online publication, March 12, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.47 Abstract | Full Text Notch signaling pathway and Cdx2 expression in the development of Barrett's esophagus Overexpression of Cdx2 by stimulation with bile acids induces activation of ATOH1 via Hes1 suppression during Barrett's epithelium development. These findings suggest that a transcriptional network related to Notch signaling and Cdx2 expression has an important role in the development of esophageal intestinal metaplasia. Yuji Tamagawa, Norihisa Ishimura, Goichi Uno, Takafumi Yuki, Hideaki Kazumori, Shunji Ishihara, Yuji Amano and Yoshikazu Kinoshita 2012 92: 896-909; advance online publication, March 26, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.56 Abstract | Full Text ANGIOGENESIS, CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS Increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and mRNA expression in lung injury following cardiopulmonary bypass MMP-9 expression increases significantly in the lung after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), but TIMP-1 increases slowly and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio is severely imbalanced. The ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 is improved by doxycycline. Suppressing MMP-9 or increasing TIMP-1 may be a target for preventing or treating lung injury post-CPB. Changtian Wang, Demin Li, Yajun Qian, Jun Wang and Hua Jing 2012 92: 910-916; advance online publication, March 26, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.50 Abstract | Full Text Extracellular matrix alterations and acute inflammation; developing in parallel during early induction of pulmonary fibrosis Initiation and early development of pulmonary fibrosis is generally considered to occur well after an inflammatory phase. This examination of the initiation of pulmonary fibrosis and early alterations in connective tissue, cell turnover and the acute immune response in lung parenchyma suggest that fibrosis initiation and acute inflammation occur in parallel. Kristina Rydell-Törmänen, Kristofer Andréasson, Roger Hesselstrand, Juha Risteli, Dick Heinegård, Tore Saxne and Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson 2012 92: 917-925; advance online publication, April 2, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.57 Abstract | Full Text BLOOD, LYMPHATICS, IMMUNE SYSTEM AND STEM CELLS Human monocyte-derived cells with individual hepatocyte characteristics: a novel tool for personalized in vitro studies Differences in hepatic metabolism have a major impact on individual drug response. Peripheral human monocytes (MH) are presented as a novel tool to investigate long term hepatic toxicity, metabolism and drug interactions. Since MH-derived cells retain gender-specific and donor-specific cytochrome P450 superfamily activities and toxicity profiles, they mimic hepatocyte metabolism. Andreas Benesic, Nora L Rahm, Samuel Ernst and Alexander L Gerbes 2012 92: 926-936; advance online publication, April 2, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.64 Abstract | Full Text Macrophages are related to goblet cell hyperplasia and induce MUC5B but not MUC5AC in human bronchus epithelial cells Bronchiolar macrophages are associated with goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) in inflamed lungs and induce the mucin MUC5B while inhibiting the mucin MUC5AC in human bronchus epithelial cells. These findings explain the immunopathogenesis of GCH in chronic respiratory diseases, opening new therapeutic opportunities. Manuel A Silva and Premysl Bercik 2012 92: 937-948; advance online publication, March 5, 2012; 10.1038/labinvest.2012.15 Abstract | Full Text Advertisement Laboratory Investigation Web Focus: Renal Pathology Kidney disease affects over 26 million Americans, resulting in a high demand for elucidating the pathways that lead to renal pathologies and identifying potential therapeutic targets. 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