Dear Reader ,
Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for November 2, 2018:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Astronomy & Space news
 | Small rockets are taking offIn mid-November, a company called Rocket Lab will try to send six small satellites into orbit around Earth—a fairly banal undertaking, save for the size of the launch rocket. |
 | Groundwater and precipitation provided water to form Hellas Basin lakes throughout Mars historyThe northeastern rim region of Hellas impact basin, located in the southern hemisphere of Mars, contained numerous ephemeral lakes throughout Mars' history, a new study reveals. A new paper published in Astrobiology examines a region where depressions may have been hosted ponding water that originated from different sources, including precipitation, fluvial transportation and ground water. Sediments partially filled the depressions or formed fan shaped deposits within these paleolakes. Some of these paleolakes formed in fresh to degraded impact craters, others were situated in depressions of rolling terrain – paleolakes are lakes that existed at a time when the climate where it was located was different than today. The paper's authors are Henrik I. Hargitai, who conducted the research while at NASA Ames Research Center; Virginia C. Gulick, SETI Institute; and Natalie H. Glines, SETI Institute. |
 | The Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes makes all Kepler data publicly availableThe Kepler spacecraft launched in 2009 with the goal of finding exoplanets orbiting distant stars. In the years since, astronomers have used Kepler observations to discover 2,818 exoplanets as well as another 2,679 exoplanet candidates which need further confirmation. On October 30, 2018 NASA announced that Kepler had run out of fuel and would be decommissioned. While spacecraft operations have ceased, its data will continue to be publicly available through the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. These data will enable new scientific discoveries for years to come. |
 | New insights on comet tails are blowing in the solar windEngineers and scientists gathered around a screen in an operations room at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C., eager to lay their eyes on the first data from NASA's STEREO spacecraft. It was January 2007, and the twin STEREO satellites—short for Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory—which had launched just months before, were opening their instruments' eyes for the first time. First up: STEREO-B. The screen blinked, but instead of the vast starfield they expected, a pearly white, feathery smear—like an angel's wing—filled the frame. For a few panicky minutes, NRL astrophysicist Karl Battams worried something was wrong with the telescope. Then, he realized this bright object wasn't a defect, but an apparition, and these were the first satellite images of Comet McNaught. Later that day, STEREO-A would return similar observations. |
 | First images of asteroid Bennu obtained by the NASA OSIRIS-REx spacecraftAfter two years traveling through space, the NASA OSIRIS-REx spacecraft has started to obtain images of the mission target, primitive asteroid Bennu. As part of the scientific team, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias researchers Javier Licandro and Julia de León have already started to work on the calibration of these images in preparation for the ones that will be obtained in December 2018 using color filters. |
 | Astronomer Jill Tarter discusses the search for intelligent lifeThe question of whether we're alone in the universe has haunted humankind for thousands of years, and it's one astronomer Jill Tarter has tried to answer for much of her life. Tarter, chair emeritus of the Center for SETI Research, worked as a project scientist for NASA's SETI program, which aimed to detect transmissions from alien intelligence. She currently serves on the board for the Allen Telescope Array, a group of more than 350 telescopes north of San Francisco. |
Technology news
 | Using deep neural networks to hunt malicious TLS certificatesA team of researchers at Cyxtera Technologies has recently proposed a neural network-based method for identifying malicious use of web certificates. Their approach, outlined in a paper published in ACM Digital Library, uses the content of transport layer security (TLS) certificates to identify legitimate certificates, as well as malicious patterns used by attackers. |
 | Finding people in video based on height, cloth color, genderA special search approach lets you find people in surveillance video just based on their description. The RT headline read, "AI algorithm can find you in CCTV footage without using face recognition." But how? Height, gender, clothing, not facial features, are the giveaways, via an artificial intelligence algorithm. |
 | Fleets of drones could aid searches for lost hikersFinding lost hikers in forests can be a difficult and lengthy process, as helicopters and drones can't get a glimpse through the thick tree canopy. Recently, it's been proposed that autonomous drones, which can bob and weave through trees, could aid these searches. But the GPS signals used to guide the aircraft can be unreliable or nonexistent in forest environments. |
 | Uber wants to resume self-driving car tests on public roadsNearly eight months after one of its autonomous test vehicles hit and killed an Arizona pedestrian, Uber wants to resume testing on public roads. |
 | Solar arrays could be used as resources for plant productivity, study showsOregon State University scientists have found a resource to increase agricultural production on dry, unirrigated farmland—solar panels. |
 | Top Australia defence firm reports serious cyber breachA top Australian defence firm with major US Navy contracts has admitted its personnel files were breached and that it was the subject of an extortion attempt. |
 | Study of Google data collection comes amid increased scrutiny over digital privacyGoogle may not know whether you've been bad or good but it knows when you're sleeping and when you're awake. If you use an Android device with the Chrome browser running, the tech giant knows whether you are traveling by foot or car, where you shop, how often you use your Starbucks app and when you've made a doctor's appointment. |
 | 'Human brain' supercomputer with 1 million processors switched on for first timeThe world's largest neuromorphic supercomputer designed and built to work in the same way a human brain does has been fitted with its landmark one-millionth processor core and is being switched on for the first time. |
 | How social media can improve our linguistic repertoiresResearch shows that Snapchat, Facebook and WhatsApp help families with immigrant backgrounds develop their multilingualism. |
 | Biofuel from a containerMore than four billion tons of crude oil are produced every year, and electricity from wind, solar and hydropower plants cannot entirely supplant fossil sources of energy. At best, renewables could cover the energy needed to power all electric cars and to generate hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles. Even then, gasoline would still be required to power combustion engines, which will be operating for decades to come. The only sustainable way to keep us mobile is to replace this gasoline with alternative fuels. |
 | Apple shares slide after disappointing holiday outlookApple shares tumbled Friday a day after quarterly results showing strong profits but weaker-than-anticipated iPhone sales and a disappointing outlook for the key holiday period. |
 | Smartphone sales down for fourth straight quarterGlobal smartphone sales fell for a fourth consecutive quarter in the period through September, suggesting a challenging market for device makers awaiting catalysts to spark sales, researchers said. |
 | UK fracking firm produces first shale gasUK energy company Cuadrilla said Friday it has extracted a small but "encouraging" amount of shale gas for the first time since resuming fracking in Britain less than three weeks ago. |
 | Vietjet inks $6.5 bn deal with Airbus for 50 planesAirbus signed a deal with Vietnamese budget airline Vietjet for 50 new planes worth $6.5 billion in Hanoi on Friday during a visit by the French premier to the fast-growing communist nation where the aviation sector is booming. |
 | Alibaba revenue jumps ahead of shopping bonanza Singles DayChinese e-commerce giant Alibaba Friday posted a 54 percent boost in revenue in the second quarter and saw profits rebound ahead of Singles Day, the largest shopping holiday of the year in China. |
 | Ryanair warned to respect national labour laws in EuropeMinisters from five European governments warned the Irish low cost airline Ryanair on Friday that it could face legal trouble if it ignores national labour laws. |
Medicine & Health news
 | Four-in-one antibody used to fight flu shows promise in miceA large international team of researchers has developed a four-in-one antibody approach to fighting influenza infections. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes the development of the antibody and how well it worked in test mice. |
 | Researchers find neural cells in rat brain that are tuned to postureA team of researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology has isolated a group of neural cells in rat brains that are tuned to posture. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes experiments they carried out with rats while studying their brains in action, and what they found. Guifen Chen with University College London have written a Perspective piece on the work done by the team in the same journal issue. |
 | Breakthrough in childhood brain cancerScientists led by Newcastle University have been able to identify the group of children needing more intensive, aggressive chemotherapy treatment for the most common form of brain cancer. |
 | Genetic factors tied to obesity may protect against diabetesSome genetic variations linked with obesity actually protect against Type 2 diabetes, heart attack and stroke, new findings suggest. |
 | Biomarkers may predict Zika-related birth defectsUSC researchers have identified biomarkers associated with severe birth defects in babies born to women infected with the Zika virus, a discovery that could lead to screening tests and a better understanding about how the infection leads to fetal abnormalities. |
 | Researchers discover potential antidote to botulismResearchers have identified a compound that strongly inhibits botulinum neurotoxin, the most toxic compound known. That inhibiting compound, nitrophenyl psoralen (NPP), could be used as a treatment to reduce paralysis induced by botulism. Botulinum neurotoxin is considered a potential bioweapon because there is no FDA-approved antidote. The research is published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology, a journal of the American Society for Microbiology. |
 | Zebrafish larvae help in search for appetite suppressantsResearchers at the University of Zurich and Harvard University have developed a new strategy in the search for psychoactive drugs. By analyzing the behavior of larval zebrafish, they can filter out substances with unwanted side effects right from the start. This method has resulted in the discovery of a number of new appetite modulators. |
 | Group therapy most effective treatment for anxiety in young peopleGroup cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) could be the best choice of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, according to a new network meta-analysis study from Oxford University, Department of Psychiatry. |
 | Tiny DNA modification has big impact on deadly tumorsA simple modification of a DNA base in small areas of the genome may explain why glioblastoma tumors are so deadly, researchers at Yale and the University of California-San Diego report Nov. 1 in the journal Cell. |
 | Single-cell analysis reveals how melanoma cells resist immunotherapyUnleashing the immune system to fight tumors—an approach enabled by immunotherapy—has led to remarkable outcomes in some cancer patients, but in many more, cancer cells evade the treatment and continue to spread. Now, a team led by researchers from Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has identified a gene expression pattern that human melanoma cells use to resist immunotherapy, and demonstrated a combination therapy approach that could overcome this resistance. |
 | Amphetamine-related hospitalizations surged between 2003 and 2015An analysis conducted by Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota School of Public Health and University of Michigan researchers shows amphetamine-related hospitalizations increased more than 270 percent from 2008 to 2015, costing up to $2.17 billion per year. |
 | Scientists figure out how to measure electrical activity in a fetal heartHearts 'run' on electrical pulses—and when doctors measure the electrical activity in a person's heart in order to determine his or hers heart condition, they generally rely on electrocardiography (ECG): |
 | Gene PPM1D gives stem cells a 'winning boost' after chemotherapyChemotherapy has been associated with increased risk of leukemia years after the treatment, but what leads to that association is not clear. In this study published in the journal Cell Stem Cell, a team led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and MD Anderson Cancer Center combined clinical and laboratory studies to show that a gene called PPM1D, whose function in blood production was unknown, can confer blood cells exposed to the chemotherapy agent cisplatin a survival advantage that might favor the development of leukemia years later. The study suggests that the presence of this and other mutations should be considered when choosing chemotherapies. |
 | Unraveling a genetic network linked to autismDonnelly Centre researchers have uncovered a genetic network linked to autism. The findings, described in the journal Molecular Cell, will facilitate developing new therapies for this common neurological disorder. |
Racial and ethnic differences in emergency pain relief for kids with broken bonesChildren of all ages are rushed to emergency departments to treat broken bones. However, depending on their race and ethnicity, their pain may be managed differently, according to a multi-institutional study presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference & Exhibition. While non-Latino black children and Latino children are more likely to receive any analgesia, non-white children with fractured bones are less likely to receive opioid pain medications, even when they arrive at the emergency department with similar pain levels. | |
Study finds there may be little benefit in screening women aged 55 with a negative HPV DNA testA single negative human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test—a newly introduced test which can detect cases of 14 high risk HPV strains to a high degree of accuracy—at the age of 55 suggests that women will be at low risk of cervical cancer, and there is little benefit of continued screening with this type of test. | |
Physical activity should be a vital sign of children's overall healthMore than half of U.S. children are not getting the recommended amount of weekly physical activity. And most of those who do meet the recommendations are exercising longer and for fewer days, risking burnout or repetitive injury risk. | |
 | Soft furniture doesn't cushion risk of falls by young childrenMost parents know how easily young children can fall down stairs or tumble off tables at home. Soft, padded furniture like beds and sofas may seem like less of an injury threat. But a new research abstract being presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2018 National Conference & Exhibition shows more than 2 million children under age 5 were treated in hospital emergency departments for soft furniture-related injuries between 2007 and 2016. |
Good sleep quality encourages better recovery after sport-related concussionA new study found that young athletes who have good sleep quality after sustaining a concussion are more likely to recover within two weeks. Those who don't have good sleep quality often take longer to recover, sometimes greater than 30 days. | |
Risk of cancer mortality may increase for successive generations of Latino immigrantsLatinos in the United States experienced an overall increased risk of cancer death with each generation born in this country, according to results of a study presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
Oncologists' LGBT-related knowledge & practices improved after cultural competency trainingAn interactive online LGBT cultural competency training program for oncologists may be acceptable, feasible, and improve LGBT-related knowledge and clinical practices, according to preliminary results of a pilot study of oncologists in Florida to be presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
 | Study suggests childhood obesity linked to poor school performance and coping skillsA new study suggests that childhood obesity, now at epidemic levels in the United States, may affect school performance and coping skills for challenging situations. The study abstract, "Childhood Flourishing is Negatively Associated with Obesity," will be presented on Saturday, Nov. 3, during the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2018 National Conference & Exhibition. |
 | Survey finds 'alarming' percentage of families share leftover antibioticsTaking antibiotics when they're unnecessary, or in the wrong dose or timeframe, fuels rising rates of antibiotic-resistant infections. Suggesting a need to step-up efforts to raise awareness about this risk, results of a new survey found parents commonly saved leftover antibiotics and gave them to others within and outside the family. |
A culturally tailored intervention increased HPV vaccination of Asian-American adolescentsA culturally tailored multilevel strategy designed to remove barriers to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among low-income, mostly Chinese American adolescent girls and boys significantly increased vaccine uptake, according to results of a pilot study presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
Children account for almost half of sport injury-related A&E attendancesStudy finds almost half of sport injury-related emergency department attendances and almost a quarter of sport injury-related hospital admissions were in children and adolescents aged 0—19 years | |
 | Differences in intent of pediatric injuries underscore importance of safe firearm storageFirearm-related injuries are a leading cause of injury and death in children and adolescents. Knowing more about the differences in the intent of pediatric firearm-related injury, for instance, unintentional injuries compared with injuries related to assault, can guide injury-prevention efforts. |
 | Traumatic brain injuries can lead to long-term neurological and psychiatric disordersTraumatic brain injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, and rates of injury have increased over the past decade. According to a study being presented at the 2018 American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference & Exhibition, these injuries have long-term consequences; researchers found children who experience traumatic brain injury are at higher risk of developing headache, depression, and mental or intellectual disorders up to five years after the event. |
ACL re-injury appears to be a subject of 'relative risk'Children who have an immediate family member with a history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are more likely to experience future complications that require additional surgical repair. | |
 | Grandparents: Raising their children's children, they get the job doneMillions of children are being raised solely by their grandparents, with numbers continuing to climb as the opioid crisis and other factors disrupt families. New research being presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2018 National Conference & Exhibition shows that caregivers who step up to raise their grandchildren are overcoming unique challenges to manage just as well as biological and adoptive parent caregivers. |
 | Most children surveyed couldn't tell real guns from toy gunsA new study found that a majority of parents and caregivers, including firearm owners, said they were confident their children could tell a real gun apart from a toy gun. The children themselves also said they thought they could recognize the difference. But when shown side-by-side photos of actual and fake (toy) firearms, only 41 percent of children between ages 7 and 17 years old identified both correctly. |
 | Mental health diagnoses among US children, youth continue to rise at alarming rateThe number of children and adolescents visiting the nation's emergency departments due to mental health concerns continued to rise at an alarming rate from 2012 through 2016, with mental health diagnoses for non-Latino blacks outpacing such diagnoses among youth of other racial/ethnic groups, according to a retrospective cross-sectional study presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference & Exhibition. |
Emergency department visits by uninsured patients drop in Illinois after Medicaid expansionNew research adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the expansion of Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) helped low-income families rely less on emergency department visits for medical care. | |
Kids' firearm-related injuries differ: Younger kids are more likely to be injured accidentallyThe reasons that children with firearm-related injuries are rushed to the nation's emergency departments differs by the intent of the person discharging the weapon, with younger kids more likely to be injured by accident and older youths more likely to be victims of an assault, according to retrospective, cross-sectional analyses presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference & Exhibition. Efforts to protect children from firearm-related injuries should factor in these differences in intent as legislation and policies are drafted, suggests a study team led by Children's National Health System. | |
 | Making collective sense of brainwavesThe lack of tools to pinpoint anomalies in large datasets that vary through time sparked a search by KAUST scientists for new efficiencies to help brain research. |
 | Expert discusses the impact of daylight saving time on the bodyThis Sunday morning, most people in the United States will turn their clocks back by one hour in observance of daylight saving time, but won't get "an extra hour" of sleep. Daylight saving time just changes our circadian rhythm, which can disrupt our biological clocks and impact our health. |
 | Study links gene mutation to neurodevelopmental disordersA new model created by UCLA scientists reveals how the alteration of a specific gene increases the risk for neurodevelopmental problems in mice. When the researchers mutated the gene, it produced symptoms at specific ages in the animal's life. |
 | Mobile app to help reduce stillbirthsA new mobile app developed by University of Queensland researchers is aiming to reduce the rate of still birth in Australia by 30 per cent. |
 | Clearing up misconceptions about gun violence could make suicide attempts less deadly, study saysWhen we talk about gun violence in the United States, we talk about homicides. But there are roughly twice as many suicides as homicides every year, and more than half of them involve guns. |
 | People with type 2 diabetes now have personalized treatment optionsOne out of every 10 Virginia residents has diabetes, according to the Virginia Department of Health. Those more than 630,000 Virginians are a fraction of the 30.3 million people with the disease across the country. |
Helping others heal: 3-D models improve patient care and surgical outcomesThe soft glow of Amy Alexander's alarm clock in the darkness toyed with her attempt to fall back to sleep. Her thoughts wandered to the job she left on the printer the night before. Knowing she wouldn't rest until she knew it was running smoothly, Amy headed into work early. | |
 | Feds say heroin, fentanyl remain biggest drug threat to USOpioid overdose deaths hit the highest level ever recorded in the United States last year, with an estimated 200 people dying per day, according to a report by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. |
 | Researcher explains the psychology of successful agingSuccessful aging can be the norm, says UCLA psychology professor Alan Castel in his new book, "Better with Age: The Psychology of Successful Aging" (Oxford University Press). Castel sees many inspiring role models of aging. French Impressionist Claude Monet, he notes, began his beloved water lily paintings at age 73. |
 | Are you a bully? Here's how to tellFrom the playground to parliament, bullying exists everywhere. In fact, a recent report into bullying in the UK's parliament revealed just how serious this problem is, urging behavioural change among MPs. But why is bullying so widespread and difficult to tackle? Part of the problem is that bullies sometimes don't even realise that they are bullies. |
 | Immigration to U.S. Westernizes Asian gutsHave you ever lived long enough in another country to see changes in your overall health? Or perhaps, you have noticed that after a friend moved to the U.S. his health seemed to deteriorate. |
 | Australia has eliminated rubella – but that doesn't mean it can't come backThe World Health Organisation (WHO) has officially declared that Australia has eliminated rubella. |
 | Perfectionists more likely to develop bulimia: New researchBulimia nervosa is a common and life-threatening eating disorder. About 275,000 Canadian girls and women will have bulimia at some point in their lives. They will eat large amounts of food, often secretly, and then prevent weight gain by vomiting, fasting or exercise. |
 | Crosstalk between immune and intestinal stem cells may help maintain a healthy gutFrom a molecular perspective, the gut is a noisy place, where all manner of human and microbial cells communicate with one another to maintain a robust and healthy cellular community. Key to this community are intestinal stem cells (ISCs), progenitors that produce a variety of cell types that help keep the gut functioning normally. While researchers know that the epithelial cells that line the gut wall and the stromal cells comprising the gut's connective tissues "talk" to ISCs, it was not clear whether and how the immune system is also in on the conversation. The challenge has been to figure out who the parties are, and how they contribute. |
 | Breast cancer's deadliness is influenced by genesAn international team of scientists have confirmed that both rare and common mutations of our genes are linked to the development of breast cancer, including tumour characteristics and corresponding deadliness. Interestingly, they discovered that the rare mutations were linked to more aggressive tumours, while the common mutations were associated with less aggressive tumour characteristics. |
 | 260 million people and less than 1000 psychiatrists: Indonesia's mental health worker shortageFor its size, Indonesia has a severe shortage of mental health practitioners. The biggest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia has a population of 260,000 million but only 773 psychiatrists and 451 clinical psychologists. |
 | Developing teen brains are vulnerable to anxiety – but treatment can helpAdolescence is the life stage when mental illnesses are most likely to emerge, with anxiety disorders being the most common. Recent estimates suggest that over 30 percent of teens have an anxiety disorder. That means about one of every three teenagers is struggling with anxiety that significantly interferes with their life and is unlikely to fade without treatment. |
 | Report highlights a culture of violence and abuse against children in TongaA Loughborough-led study aimed at investigating the experiences of children in Tonga has uncovered systemic and cultural abuse and mistreatment of children in families and schools. |
 | How a trippy 1980s video effect might help to explain consciousnessExplaining consciousness is one of the hardest problems in science and philosophy. Recent neuroscientific discoveries suggest that a solution could be within reach – but grasping it will mean rethinking some familiar ideas. Consciousness, I argue in a new paper, may be caused by the way the brain generates loops of energetic feedback, similar to the video feedback that "blossoms" when a video camera is pointed at its own output. |
 | Individualized therapy for patients with osteoporosisMore than six million people in Germany suffer from osteoporosis. The disease is characterized by chronic bone resorption, leading to frequent fractures as a consequence of the bone loss. In many cases, treating the condition with drugs does not work well, and people with osteoporosis often suffer from cardiovascular diseases at the same time. Research partners in the OsteoSys project are working toward customized, personalized treatment. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT are contributing, among other things, their development of a sample management system to the project. This system will be presented for the first time at the MEDICA 2018 trade fair in Düsseldorf. |
 | Interactive shutter eyeglasses to replace eyepatch therapyThe standard treatment for so-called lazy eye (amblyopia) in children is to cover the nonimpaired eye with a patch. This trains the impaired eye to work harder. Such therapy is successful only when the patient wears the eyepatch for the prescribed period of time. This is often not the case, however, as many children feel self-conscious about wearing the patch and reject this form of treatment. A future alternative is electronic shutter eyeglasses that automatically darken the lens in front of the nonimpaired eye when the context is appropriate. These eyeglasses also have integrated sensors that provide young wearers with feedback on whether they are being worn in the correct position. Fraunhofer researchers will be exhibiting a functional model of the electronic shutter eyeglasses at the MEDICA trade fair in Düsseldorf from November 12 to 15 (Hall 10, Booth G05/H04). |
 | Traversing the interfaces in medical researchThe continually rising health care costs in Germany require cost-intelligent innovations at the intersecting frontiers of scientific disciplines. Prof. Gerd Geisslinger is Medical Research Officer for the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. In this interview he explains why the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is in a unique position to tackle challenges in medical research and to pull together the four major fields of biomedical research – drugs, diagnostics, data, and devices. |
 | Get the most from your cardio workouts(HealthDay)—You've made the decision to meet the 150-minutes-per-week goal of cardio workouts for better health. Now use these tips to make the most of these workouts. |
 | Second hypertension drug recalled due to contamination(HealthDay)—Another hypertension drug is being recalled due to contamination that could pose a cancer risk, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration says. |
 | New research suggests the imaginary worlds of children reflect positive creativityChildren who create imaginary parallel worlds, alone or with friends, are more found more commonly than previously believed, according to new research. |
 | Scientists bring new hope to brain tumor patientssGBM is a rare type of brain cancer in adults. The incidence varies from 2 to 5 per million people per year. For example, if Hong Kong's base population of 7.5 million people is taken as a reference, over 15 people will be diagnosed with sGBM tumors annually. sGBM starts off as low-grade glioma (LGG) tumors around nerve cells that surround the spine and brain, and its 5-year survival rate is under 10%. |
 | Rise in indicators extends positive trend for Americans with disabilitiesThe key economic indicators for Americans with disabilities continued to rise, according to today's National Trends in Disability Employment—Monthly Update (nTIDE), issued by Kessler Foundation and the University of New Hampshire's Institute on Disability (UNH-IOD). More than 50 million people in the U.S. have disabilities, comprising the nation's largest minority. As Veterans Day approaches, we focus attention on this group and its unique challenges to finding employment. Through vocational rehabilitation research, new approaches are being developed to help veterans with disabilities contribute their talent and experience to our communities and the greater economy by re-establishing themselves in the workplace. |
Pessimism around youth suicide prevention approaches is unfounded, study showsA comprehensive Australian study examining the global impact of suicide prevention approaches in young people has found that youth-specific interventions conducted in clinical, educational and community settings can be effective in reducing suicide-related behaviour in young people at risk. | |
 | New studies on student alcohol use can inform interventions to reduce blackoutsCollege students who drink alcohol don't typically intend to drink to the point that they "black out," and they also don't fully grasp what specific drinking behaviors present the greatest risk of blackouts, a new series of studies finds. |
 | For older adults, does eating enough protein help delay disability?To live successfully and independently, older adults need to be able to manage two different levels of life skills: basic daily care and basic housekeeping activities. |
 | Study: Culture strongly influences coping behaviors after natural disastersDemographic and cultural differences strongly influence the coping styles young people use when they're affected by a natural disaster, and these disparities should be taken into account when providing services to help them recover from these traumatic experiences, a new study found. |
 | FDA OKs powerful opioid pill as alternative to IV painkillerU.S. regulators on Friday approved a fast-acting, super-potent opioid tablet as an alternative to IV painkillers used in hospitals. |
 | Sunday is 'fall back' time for your clock—sleep experts offer tips(HealthDay)—The hour you "lost" with daylight savings time in the spring you "gain back" on Sunday, when clocks are set an hour back. |
 | She refuses to let a heart-stopping moment slow herCreating art and tackling do-it-yourself projects are soothing pastimes for many people, and 37-year-old Amy Cavaliere is one of them. |
 | Age, racial disparities seen in hospitalization for heart failure(HealthDay)—For emergency department patients with heart failure, data reveal age and racial disparities in hospitalization rates, according to a study published in the November issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. |
 | HPV vaccination uptake increasing, but still too low(HealthDay)—Although progress has been made in increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, coverage is still too low to achieve full cancer prevention potential, according to a report from the President's Cancer Panel published Nov. 1. |
 | CDC: prevalence of gestational diabetes 6.0 percent in 2016(HealthDay)—The prevalence of gestational diabetes was 6.0 percent in 2016, with a slight increase seen from 2012 to 2016, according to research published in the Nov. 2 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. |
 | Two indigenous populations offer a glimpse into how diet—and western eating habits—impact health and wellbeingFrom the standpoint of heart health, the Tsimane are a model group. A population indigenous to the Bolivian Amazon, the Tsimane demonstrate next to no heart disease. They have minimal hypertension, low prevalence of obesity and and their cholesterol levels are relatively healthy. And those factors don't seem to change with age. |
 | Study finds hospital communication-and-resolution programs do not expand liability riskTo be more transparent and to promote communication with patients after medical injuries, many hospitals have implemented a new approach called the communication-and-resolution program (CRP). Through these programs, hospitals openly communicate with patients after adverse events, investigating specifics, providing explanations, and, when necessary, taking responsibility and proactively offering compensation. Medical centers that have adopted this program believe it will help to improve patient safety and that it is the hospital's ethical obligation to disclose medical errors. However, some medical centers are wary that willingly admitting errors could result in increased liability costs. Continuing uncertainty about this issue has continued to be a barrier to the widespread adoption of this program. |
 | Distance to nearest pediatric surgeon a potential barrier for millions of US childrenChildren who need surgery, statistics show, have fewer complications when it's performed by doctors with specialized pediatric surgical training in regionalized centers where a high a volume of procedures are performed. But in ongoing efforts to develop these regional "centers of excellence," researchers presenting new findings at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2018 National Conference & Exhibition suggest, the distances families must travel to access pediatric surgical care should be considered. |
 | Instant soups and noodles responsible for burning nearly 10,000 children each yearMicrowavable instant soup products cause at least two out of every 10 scald burns that send children to emergency departments each year, according to new research being presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2018 National Conference & Exhibition. |
A prognostic model may predict survival in African-American women with breast cancerA prognostic model developed using a machine learning approach could identify African-American breast cancer patients with increased risk of death, according to results of a study presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
Coverage of hormonal breast cancer therapies increased in states that expanded MedicaidAn evaluation of breast cancer patients enrolled in Medicaid showed that states that expanded Medicaid during 2011 to 2017 had a 27 percent increase in prescriptions for hormonal therapy medications compared to states that did not expand Medicaid during the same period, according to results of a study presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
African-American caregivers report better mental health outcomes than white caregiversAfrican-Americans caring for loved ones with cancer were less likely than their white peers to report distress and depression, possibly due to stronger social support, according to results of a study presented at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Nov. 2-5. | |
 | Injury to a parent can lead to sleep issues in children and teensResearch has shown that getting a good night's sleep plays an important role in children's growth and development, both physically and emotionally. When children face an unsettling experience, such as the injury of a parent, it can alter their sleep habits, according to new research being presented at the 2018 American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference & Exhibition. |
Home remedies: Relieve and reduce itchy eczemaAtopic dermatitis (eczema) is a condition that makes your skin red and itchy. It's common in children but can occur at any age. Atopic dermatitis is long lasting (chronic) and tends to flare periodically and then subside. It may be accompanied by asthma or hay fever. | |
Biology news
 | Cellular atlas of brain region leads researchers to new discoveriesFor decades, scientists have viewed the brain as a veritable black box—and now Catherine Dulac and Xiaowei Zhuang are poised to open it. |
 | Seed banking not an option for over a third of threatened speciesIn paper published today in Nature Plants, researchers at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, detail for the first time the scale of threatened species that are unable to be conserved in seed banks. The paper reveals that when looking at threatened species, 36 per cent of 'critically endangered' species produce recalcitrant seeds . This means they can't tolerate the drying process and therefore cannot be frozen, the key process they need to go through to be safely 'banked'. |
 | The protein Matrin-3 determines the fate of neural stem cells in brain developmentA research group from Kumamoto University, Japan, has discovered a new neurogenic mechanism responsible for brain development. By applying proprietary technology to detect trace proteins in living organisms, they found that a novel protein called Matrin-3 is responsible for determining the fate of neural stem cells. A deficiency of this protein causes a disordered differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons, which results in the collapse of the brain layer structure. It is clear that Matrin-3 is important for the maintenance of neural stem cells in brain development. |
 | Machine learning tool can predict viral reservoirs in the animal kingdomMany deadly and newly emerging viruses like Ebola and Zika circulate in wild animal and insect communities long before spreading to humans and causing severe disease. However, finding these natural virus hosts – which could help prevent the spread to humans – currently poses an enormous challenge for scientists. |
 | Scientists find a 'switch' to increase starch accumulation in algaeResults from a collaborative study by Tokyo Institute of Technology and Tohoku University, Japan, raise prospects for large-scale production of algae-derived starch, a valuable bioresource for biofuels and other renewable materials. Such bio-based products have the potential to replace fossil fuels and contribute to the development of sustainable systems and societies. |
 | Friends to the end? Social cues cause fish to delay survival tacticGetting into trouble after succumbing to peer pressure isn't just a human experience. |
 | Researchers explain the origin of the mysterious periodicity of the genomeScientists at the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) have found an explanation for a periodicity in the sequence of the genomes of all eukaryotes, from yeast to humans. The results published in the journal Cell offer an alternative explanation to the one based on natural selection, which has been accepted by the scientific community to date. |
 | Ring-shaped protein complex wrangles DNABiological physicists at Rice University have a new cellular mechanics theory that rings true. |
 | Key gene find could enable development of disease-resistant cropsDiscovery of a gene that helps plants control their response to disease could aid efforts to develop crops that are resistant to infection, research suggests. |
 | Bioluminescent substance discovered in Brazilian cave worm larvaAn insect larva found in the caves of Intervales State Park, an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in the municipality of Ribeirão Grande, São Paulo State, Brazil, was initially of no interest to the research group led by biochemist Vadim Viviani, a professor at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) in Sorocaba. The researchers are investigating bioluminescence, the capacity of living organisms to produce their own light. |
 | Study finds that consuming a flavonoid in cocoa helped healthy mice delay skeletal muscle agingAs if you needed another reason to enjoy cocoa products, a recent study by Tufts researchers found that epicatechin, a flavonoid found in cocoa, certain fruits and beans, and green tea, has protective anti-aging effects in healthy mice. |
 | Producing everyday products with fungiMost detergents, cosmetics, and clothes, to name just a few products, are manufactured using petroleum, making such everyday items anything but eco-friendly. It is now possible to produce the bio-based and CO2-neutral basic chemicals for such articles with the help of fungi. Fraunhofer research teams are developing fermentation techniques and manufacturing processes to produce them on an industrial scale. |
 | First discovery of adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicusIn the paper 'First discovery of adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus', published in the Journal of Pest Science, the CABI scientists outline how—after a survey of native egg parasitoids of the brown marmorated stink bug—they discovered the Trissolcus japonicus was already present in apple orchards in the Canton Ticino, southeastern Switzerland. |
Researchers identify additional inoculation source for lambic beer productionResearchers in Belgium have identified an additional inoculation source—the wooden casks or foeders—for producing lambic beers. Traditional lambic beer production takes place through wort inoculation with environmental air and fermentation and maturation in wooden barrels. Up to now, these lambic barrels have only been examined with culture-dependent techniques, missing a part of the microorganisms present. The research is published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology. | |
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