Thursday, August 9, 2018

Nature contents: 09 August 2018

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  journal cover  
Nature Volume 560 Issue 7717
 
This Week  
 
 
Editorial  
 
 
 
Signs of hope emerge against influenza
A star that hides its shine draws admiring looks
 
Advertising.
World View  
 
 
 
Who would you share your funding with?
Johan Bollen
Research Highlights  
 
 
 
This issue's Research Highlights
Selections from the scientific literature.
Seven Days  
 
 
 
Human-embryo editing, genetic privacy and Ebola returns
 
 
Advertising.
 
 
News in Focus
 
News  
 
 
 
Indian scientists race to map Ganges river in 3D
Lou Del Bello
The wait is over: Trump taps meteorologist as White House science adviser
Sara Reardon, Alexandra Witze
Thousands of exotic ‘topological’ materials discovered through sweeping search
Elizabeth Gibney
Number-theory prodigy among winners of most coveted prize in mathematics
Davide Castelvecchi
Gigantic review of German science recommends more data and diversity
Quirin Schiermeier
Features  
 
 
 
The mice with human tumours: Growing pains for a popular cancer model
Cassandra Willyard
The ghost of influenza past and the hunt for a universal vaccine
Declan Butler
 
 
Multimedia  
 
 
Nature Podcast 09 August 2018
This week, shaping the gut microbiota, geoengineering's effect on farming, and the genetics of fox aggression.
 
 
Comment
 
Comment  
 
 
 
Human errors are behind most oil-tanker spills
Zheng Wan, Jihong Chen
Books and Arts  
 
 
 
A Jordanian biologist redefines success for women in science
Malak Abedalthagafi
Two slits and one hell of a quantum conundrum
Philip Ball
Probing the genetics of the mind
Douwe Draaisma
Correspondence  
 
 
 
Eradicate illicit production of ozone-depleting emissions
Hong Yang, Roger J. Flower, Julian R. Thompson
Glacier geoengineering needs lawyers too
Brendan Gogarty
Warnings alone won’t protect New Caledonia wildlife from cruises
Eric Vidal, Martin Thibault, Karen Bourgeois
Don’t decouple Romanian universities from international excellence
Daniel David, Bálint Markó
 
 
Technology
 
Toolbox  
 
 
 
How to pick an electronic laboratory notebook
Roberta Kwok
 
 
Careers
 
Features  
 
 
 
How to work with your institution’s press office to maximize the reach of your work
Roberta Kwok
Q&A  
 
 
 
Earth hacker
Virginia Gewin
 
 
Futures
 
Home Cygnus
S. R. Algernon
 
 
Advertising.
 
 
Research
 
NEW ONLINE  
 
 
 
Neonatal selection by Toll-like receptor 5 influences long-term gut microbiota composition
Age-dependent epithelial expression of the innate immune receptor TLR5 in the gut of newborn mice selects against the presence of flagellated bacteria and influences microbiota composition throughout life.
Marcus Fulde, Felix Sommer, Benoit Chassaing et al.
Technique to measure the expression dynamics of each gene in a single cell
A method has been developed to infer whether the expression of each gene in a single cell is increasing or decreasing, and at what rate, using RNA-sequencing data. This tool has many potential applications.
Allon M. Klein
Checkpoint for gut microbes after birth
The route to the establishment of a beneficial microbial community in the gut after birth is not fully understood. It now emerges that a gut-cell protein in newborn mice shapes the long-term composition of this community.
Andrew J. Macpherson, Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg
Genetic and transcriptional evolution alters cancer cell line drug response
The extent, origins and consequences of genetic variation within human cell lines are studied, providing a framework for researchers to measure such variation in efforts to support maximally reproducible cancer research.
Uri Ben-David, Benjamin Siranosian, Gavin Ha et al.
5-HT release in nucleus accumbens rescues social deficits in mouse autism model
Stimulating the release of serotonin (5-HT) in the nucleus accumbens in wild-type mice promotes sociability, and rescues deficits in social behaviours in a mouse model of autism.
Jessica J. Walsh, Daniel J. Christoffel, Boris D. Heifets et al.
Ecosystem warming extends vegetation activity but heightens vulnerability to cold temperatures
Experimental whole-ecosystem warming treatments of a PiceaSphagnum peat bog reveal the likely phenological consequences of future temperature increases that exceed those of historical climate regimes.
Andrew D. Richardson, Koen Hufkens, Thomas Milliman et al.
Global land change from 1982 to 2016
Satellite data for the period 1982–2016 reveal changes in land use and land cover at global and regional scales that reflect patterns of land change indicative of a human-dominated Earth system.
Xiao-Peng Song, Matthew C. Hansen, Stephen V. Stehman et al.
Gamete fusion triggers bipartite transcription factor assembly to block re-fertilization
During sexual reproduction in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the rapid reconstitution of a bipartite Mi–Pi transcription complex after fusion blocks re-fertilization and induces meiosis, which ensures that the genome is maintained.
Aleksandar Vještica, Laura Merlini, Pedro Junior Nkosi et al.
RNA velocity of single cells
RNA velocity, estimated in single cells by comparison of spliced and unspliced mRNA, is a good indicator of transcriptome dynamics and will provide a useful tool for analysis of developmental lineage.
Gioele La Manno, Ruslan Soldatov, Amit Zeisel et al.
Estimating global agricultural effects of geoengineering using volcanic eruptions
Analysis of the El Chichón and Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruptions suggests that solar radiation management strategies using stratospheric sulfate aerosols would do little to counterbalance the effects of climate change on global crop yields.
Jonathan Proctor, Solomon Hsiang, Jennifer Burney et al.
Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Melanoma cells release programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on the surface of circulating exosomes, suggesting a mechanism by which tumours could evade the immunesystem, and the potential application of exosomal PD-L1 to monitor patient response to checkpoint therapies.
Gang Chen, Alexander C. Huang, Wei Zhang et al.
Reverse weathering as a long-term stabilizer of marine pH and planetary climate
Elevated rates of reverse weathering within silica-rich oceans led to enhanced carbon retention within the ocean–atmosphere system, promoting a stable, equable ice-free climate throughout Earth’s early to middle ages.
Terry T. Isson, Noah J. Planavsky
From the archive
Diet boosts the effectiveness of a cancer drug
A drug that slows cancer growth has been found to elevate the level of the hormone insulin. This insulin rise lessens the drug’s effectiveness, but a diet that lowers insulin can increase the benefits of the therapy in mice.
Michael Pollak
Reaction combination opens up 3D molecular diversity for drug discovery
Cycloaddition reactions are powerful tools for synthesizing three-dimensional molecules, but their scope has been limited. A creative solution to this problem opens up opportunities for drug discovery.
Wenbo Ye, Ang Li
 
News & Views  
 
 
 
Integration of optoelectronics into fibres enhances textiles
Walter Margulis
 
Drug candidate and target for leishmaniasis
Carolina M. C. Catta-Preta, Jeremy C. Mottram
 
A lymphatic waste-disposal system implicated in Alzheimer’s disease
Melanie D. Sweeney, Berislav V. Zlokovic
 

nature.com webcasts

Nature Research Custom  presents a webcast on: Molecular imaging reveals ONC201 antitumor efficacy and immune stimulation in cancer models
 
Date: Wednesday, August 15, 2018
 
Join our live webcast to learn about the benefits of cell culture, xenograft tissue sections and mouse models coupled with imaging in preclinical immuno-oncology trials.
 
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Sponsored by: Perkin Elmer
Stable and switchable electric polarization in two dimensions
Turan Birol
Topological states engineered in narrow strips of graphene
Katharina J. Franke, Felix von Oppen
Newly made mitochondrial DNA drives inflammation
Michael P. Murphy
Brief Communications Arising  
 
 
 
Inter-homologue repair in fertilized human eggs?
Dieter Egli, Michael V. Zuccaro, Michael Kosicki et al.
Large deletions induced by Cas9 cleavage
Fatwa Adikusuma, Sandra Piltz, Mark A. Corbett et al.
Ma et al. reply
Hong Ma, Nuria Marti-Gutierrez, Sang-Wook Park et al.
Articles  
 
 
 
Coherent spin–photon coupling using a resonant exchange qubit
Coherent coupling between a three-electron spin qubit and single photons in a microwave resonator is demonstrated, which, unlike previous demonstrations, does not require ferromagnetic components near the qubit.
A. J. Landig, J. V. Koski, P. Scarlino et al.
Functional aspects of meningeal lymphatics in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease
Meningeal lymphatic dysfunction promotes amyloid-β deposition in the meninges and worsens brain amyloid-β pathology, acting as an aggravating factor in Alzheimer’s disease and in age-associated cognitive decline; improving meningeal lymphatic function could help to prevent or delay age-associated neurological diseases.
Sandro Da Mesquita, Antoine Louveau, Andrea Vaccari et al.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 is a drug target for visceral leishmaniasis
A series of compounds are discovered for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis, and cdc2-related kinase 12 (CRK12) is identified as the probable primary drug target.
Susan Wyllie, Michael Thomas, Stephen Patterson et al.
New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation
New mitochondrial DNA synthesis links the priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Zhenyu Zhong, Shuang Liang, Elsa Sanchez-Lopez et al.
Letters  
 
 
 
Topological band engineering of graphene nanoribbons
A topologically engineered graphene nanoribbon superlattice is presented that hosts a one-dimensional array of half-filled, in-gap localized electronic states, enabling band engineering.
Daniel J. Rizzo, Gregory Veber, Ting Cao et al.
Engineering of robust topological quantum phases in graphene nanoribbons
Graphene nanoribbons are used to design robust nanomaterials with controlled periodic coupling of topological boundary states to create quasi-one-dimensional trivial and non-trivial electronic quantum phases.
Oliver Gröning, Shiyong Wang, Xuelin Yao et al.
Diode fibres for fabric-based optical communications
A scalable thermal drawing process is used to integrate light-emitting and photodetecting diodes into textile-ready polymer fibres, which can be woven into fabrics with possible optical communication and health monitoring applications.
Michael Rein, Valentine Dominique Favrod, Chong Hou et al.
Extensive loss of past permafrost carbon but a net accumulation into present-day soils
Comparing the northern permafrost region of the Last Glacial Maximum with the same area today shows that the soil carbon stock has now increased, suggesting that permafrost carbon made no net contribution to preindustrial atmospheric carbon.
Amelie Lindgren, Gustaf Hugelius, Peter Kuhry
Xenon isotopic constraints on the history of volatile recycling into the mantle
Mantle xenon isotope systematics reveals that no substantial recycling of atmospheric xenon into the deep Earth occurred before 2.5 billion years ago, indicating that downwellings were drier in the Archaean era than today.
Rita Parai, Sujoy Mukhopadhyay
Shared evolutionary origin of vertebrate neural crest and cranial placodes
Similarities between the patterning of the lateral plate in Ciona and of the neural plate ectoderm in vertebrates indicate that compartmentalization of the lateral plate ectoderm preceded the advent of vertebrates.
Ryoko Horie, Alex Hazbun, Kai Chen et al.
Structure and function of the global topsoil microbiome
Metagenomic, chemical and biomass analyses of topsoil samples from around the world reveal spatial and environmental trends in microbial community composition and genetic diversity.
Mohammad Bahram, Falk Hildebrand, Sofia K. Forslund et al.
Mitochondrial double-stranded RNA triggers antiviral signalling in humans
Mitochondrial double-stranded RNA can induce an interferon response if released into the cytoplasm, but self-recognition is prevented by SUV3 helicase and PNPase exoribonuclease.
Ashish Dhir, Somdutta Dhir, Lukasz S. Borowski et al.
Human glioblastoma arises from subventricular zone cells with low-level driver mutations
Human neural stem cells from the subventricular zone are identified as the cells of origin that contain the driver mutations for glioblastomas.
Joo Ho Lee, Jeong Eun Lee, Jee Ye Kahng et al.
CRISPR-guided DNA polymerases enable diversification of all nucleotides in a tunable window
A system that targets DNA polymerase activity with CRISPR-guided nickases to provide genetic diversification at user-defined loci enables forward genetic approaches.
Shakked O. Halperin, Connor J. Tou, Eric B. Wong et al.
Inhibitors of histone acetyltransferases KAT6A/B induce senescence and arrest tumour growth
Selective inhibitors of KAT6A and KAT6B inhibit MYST-catalysed histone acetylation, induce cell cycle exit and cellular senescence without causing DNA damage, and arrest lymphoma progression in mouse models.
Jonathan B. Baell, David J. Leaver, Stefan J. Hermans et al.
Cryo-EM of the dynamin polymer assembled on lipid membrane
A cryo-electron microscopy structure of human dynamin-1 demonstrates conformational changes and sheds light on the fission of membranes during endocytosis.
Leopold Kong, Kem A. Sochacki, Huaibin Wang et al.
Unique features of mammalian mitochondrial translation initiation revealed by cryo-EM
A cryo-electron microscopy structure of the mammalian mitochondrial translation initiation complex reveals unique features that are necessary to initiate mitochondrial translation and highlights a possible membrane-targeting peptide.
Eva Kummer, Marc Leibundgut, Oliver Rackham et al.
 
 
Amendments & Corrections
 
Author Correction: High-fat diet enhances stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors
Semir Beyaz, Miyeko D. Mana, Jatin Roper et al.
Publisher Correction: Synthesis, structure and reaction chemistry of a nucleophilic aluminyl anion
Jamie Hicks, Petra Vasko, Jose M. Goicoechea et al.
Addendum: Freezing on a sphere
Rodrigo E. Guerra, Colm P. Kelleher, Andrew D. Hollingsworth et al.
 
 
 
 
 

naturejobs.com

naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week

 
 
 

Postdoctoral research fellow in immunology

 
 

University of Oslo 

 
 
 
 
 

Postdoctoral position on Necroptosis in Liver Diseases

 
 

Irset - Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health 

 
 
 
 
 

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Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) 

 
 
 
 
 

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Evotec AG 

 
 
 
 

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2018 6th International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Engineering

 
 

26.08.18 Beijing, China

 
 
 
 

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