Nature Reviews Genetics Contents August 2018 Volume 19 Number 8

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Advertisement Do you have a career question?  The Naturejobs podcast features one-on-one Q&As, panel discussions and other exclusive content to help scientists with their careers. Hosted on the Naturejobs blog, the podcast is also available on iTunes and Soundcloud.  Listen today!  TABLE OF CONTENTS August 2018 Volume 19, Issue 8 Research Highlights Reviews   Advertisement Focus on Autoimmune Disease from Nature Immunology A series of Reviews specially commissioned by Nature Immunology discuss the genetic, environmental, microbial and cellular factors underpinning autoimmune disease as well as highlight avenues for therapeutic intervention. Access free online Produced with support from Janssen Research & Development   Advertisement Nature Reviews Reader Survey At Nature Reviews we are continually looking for ways to ensure we meet our readers' needs. Your responses to this short survey will give us insight into how our content may be improved. Get started here.     Research Highlights   Breakdancing on actin    p469 Paulina Strzyz doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0033-y Two independent studies now show that polymerization of branched actin at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) mediates chromatin dynamics associated with homology-directed repair and is required for a robust and error-free DSB repair process.   Chromosome interaction hubs around nuclear bodies    pp470 - 471 Linda Koch doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0026-x A paper in Cell presents split–pool recognition of interactions by tag extension (SPRITE), a method that enables the identification of multiple, simultaneously occurring DNA and RNA interactions genome-wide within the nucleus.   Refining the splice region    pp470 - 471 Rebecca Furlong doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0028-8 A study in Genome Research reports the impact of genetic variation near splice sites on human disease and may help prioritize and functionally interpret newly identified variants.   Prospecting for pluripotency    p471 Dorothy Clyde doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0030-1 Unlike most organisms, planaria maintain pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) beyond embryogenesis. A new study reports the prospective identification and isolation of a neoblast subpopulation containing adult PSCs, characterization of which should help uncover the mechanisms underlying pluripotency and tissue regeneration.   All eyes on rapid adaptive evolution    p472 Linda Koch doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0027-9 A new study reveals that DNA methylation-mediated repression of gene expression regulates early eye development in blind cave morphs of Astyanax mexicanus.   What makes us human?    p472 Linda Koch doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0029-7 A publication in Science reports the sequencing, assembly and comparative analysis of new and improved great ape genomes and provides a stepping stone for the identification of genetic variation specific to humans.   Nature Reviews Genetics JOBS of the week IBMS Seeking Assistant / Associate / Full Professor The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS) Associate Senior Lecturer Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Postdoctoral position at the NIH National Institutes of Health (NIH) Multiple Faculty Positions The Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey Postdoctoral Research Associate University of Minnesota More Science jobs from Nature Reviews Genetics EVENT Short Course on the Genetics of Addiction 16.09.18 Bar Harbor, USA More science events from Reviews   A-to-I RNA editing — immune protector and transcriptome diversifier    pp473 - 490 Eli Eisenberg & Erez Y. Levanon doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0006-1 Next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled the comparison of editomes from multiple individuals and from multiple species. The results have changed our understanding of the extent and distribution of A-to-I editing and its role in evolution and disease.   From genome-wide associations to candidate causal variants by statistical fine-mapping    pp491 - 504 Daniel J. Schaid, Wenan Chen & Nicholas B. Larson doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0016-z Fine-mapping is the process by which a trait-associated region from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) is analysed to identify the particular genetic variants that are likely to causally influence the examined trait. This Review discusses the diverse statistical approaches to fine-mapping and their foundations, strengths and limitations, including integration of trans-ethnic human population data and functional annotations.   The rice genome revolution: from an ancient grain to Green Super Rice    pp505 - 517 Rod A. Wing, Michael D. Purugganan & Qifa Zhang doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0024-z Genomic technologies are helping researchers to understand the natural genetic variation that exists in wild and cultivated rice populations. Harnessing this genetic variation will be key to developing Green Super Rice varieties with high yield and low environmental costs.   Controlling nuclear RNA levels    pp518 - 529 Manfred Schmid & Torben Heick Jensen doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0013-2 RNA is controlled at various stages of transcription and processing to achieve appropriate gene regulation. Whereas much research has focused on the cytoplasmic control of RNA levels, this Review discusses our emerging appreciation of the importance of nuclear RNA regulation, including the molecular machinery involved in nuclear RNA decay, how functional RNAs bypass degradation and roles for nuclear RNA decay in physiology and disease.   Advertisement Nature Briefing is an essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, free in your inbox every weekday. With Nature Briefing, we'll keep you updated on the latest research, so you can focus on yours. Click here to sign up.   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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