Nature Neuroscience Contents: July 2018 Volume 21 Number 7

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Advertisement Do you have a career question?  The Naturejobs podcast features one-on-one Q&As, panel discussions and other exclusive content to help scientists with their careers. Hosted on the Naturejobs blog, the podcast is also available on iTunes and Soundcloud.  Listen today! TABLE OF CONTENTS July 2018 Volume 21, Issue 7 News & Views Review Articles Articles Resources Amendments & Corrections   Advertisement One of the most important ingredients in breast milk you've never heard of Nutrition matters, and early diet has life-long effects. So how are indigestible molecules in breast milk helping ensure the healthiest start for both breast-fed and formula-fed babies? Read now   Produced for Abbott by Nature Research Custom Media  Content intended for healthcare professionals.   News & Views   The mysterious origins of microglia    pp897 - 899 Florent Ginhoux & Sonia Garel doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0176-3 Modeling Alzheimer’s disease brains in vitro    pp899 - 900 Christopher M. Henstridge & Tara L. Spires-Jones doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0177-2 Stressing the other paraventricular nucleus    pp901 - 902 Kurt M. Fraser & Patricia H. Janak doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0178-1 Neuroscience JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Research Fellowship- Drug Addiction / Cognitive Neuroscience National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Postdoctoral research fellowship in Chemical Neuroscience University of Oslo Postdoctoral positions in Neuroscience Thomas Jefferson University (TJU) Postdoctoral Fellow Opportunity Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) Faculty position Sabanci University More Science jobs from Neuroscience EVENT Global Conference on Addiction and Behavioral Health 04.10.18 Herndon, USA More science events from Review Articles   Investigating large-scale brain dynamics using field potential recordings: analysis and interpretation    pp903 - 919 Bijan Pesaran, Martin Vinck, Gaute T. Einevoll, Anton Sirota, Pascal Fries et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0171-8 This article presents best practices on how field potential recordings (EEG, MEG, ECoG and LFP) can be analyzed to identify large-scale brain dynamics, and highlights issues and limitations of interpretation.   Advertisement Nature Spotlight on Hong Kong: Building science innovation  Hong Kong is maximising major scientific innovation and commercial benefits through its proximity to the research and development hubs in mainland China. Yet barriers to collaboration remain.  Access the full supplement for more >>    Articles   Optimization of interneuron function by direct coupling of cell migration and axonal targeting    pp920 - 931 Lynette Lim, Janelle M. P. Pakan, Martijn M. Selten, André Marques-Smith, Alfredo Llorca et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0162-9 Circuit assembly relies on several developmental processes that are often considered independently. Lim and colleagues now reveal that cell migration and axon targeting may be mechanistically linked for Martinotti cells during cortical development.   Direct pericyte-to-neuron reprogramming via unfolding of a neural stem cell-like program    pp932 - 940 Marisa Karow, J. Gray Camp, Sven Falk, Tobias Gerber, Abhijeet Pataskar et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0168-3 Ascl1 and Sox2 convert human brain pericytes into the two major neuronal subclasses of GABA- and glutamatergic neurons. Unexpectedly, despite the lack of cell division, this conversion requires passage through a neural stem cell-like state.   A 3D human triculture system modeling neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease    pp941 - 951 Joseph Park, Isaac Wetzel, Ian Marriott, Didier Dréau, Carla D’Avanzo et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0175-4 This study describes a 3D human neuron-astrocyte-microglia triculture model of Alzheimer’s disease using a microfluidic platform and recapitulating plaque and tangle pathology, microglial recruitment, neuroinflammation, and cell death.   Dorsal tegmental dopamine neurons gate associative learning of fear    pp952 - 962 Florian Groessl, Thomas Munsch, Susanne Meis, Johannes Griessner, Joanna Kaczanowska et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0174-5 Unpredicted aversive experiences activate DA neurons in dorsal tegmentum; these neurons are important for fear learning. This prediction-error circuit module linking amygdala and dorsal tegmentum enables a solution to an associative learning problem.   The locus coeruleus drives disinhibition in the midline thalamus via a dopaminergic mechanism    pp963 - 973 B. Sofia Beas, Brandon J. Wright, Miguel Skirzewski, Yan Leng, Jung Ho Hyun et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0167-4 Beas et al. show that stress exposure drives disinhibition of PVT projection neurons. This process involves an LC-mediated rise in extracellular DA in the midline thalamus, requires D2 receptors on PVT neurons, and increases stress sensitivity.   Thalamic dual control of sleep and wakefulness    pp974 - 984 Thomas C. Gent, Mojtaba Bandarabadi, Carolina Gutierrez Herrera & Antoine R. Adamantidis doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0164-7 This study shows that tonic firing of centromedial thalamic neurons triggers rapid arousal, whereas burst firing triggers brain-wide propagating cortical slow waves and promotes sleep recovery, indicative of a midline thalamus sleep–wake hub.   A novel pyramidal cell type promotes sharp-wave synchronization in the hippocampus    pp985 - 995 David L. Hunt, Daniele Linaro, Bailu Si, Sandro Romani & Nelson Spruston doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0172-7 The authors identify a CA3 new pyramidal cell type with unique morphofunctional characteristics and distinct synaptic inputs and describe how these cells contribute to sharp-wave synchronization events, which are vital to hippocampal memory function.   Altered hippocampal replay is associated with memory impairment in mice heterozygous for the Scn2a gene    pp996 - 1003 Steven J. Middleton, Emily M. Kneller, Shuo Chen, Ikuo Ogiwara, Mauricio Montal et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0163-8 Middleton et al. demonstrate that heterozygous deletion of the frequently mutated Scn2a gene leads to reduced performance in spatial memory tasks in mice, resulting from incomplete sequence reactivation during hippocampal sharp wave ripples.   Resources   Synaptic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) epitranscriptome reveals functional partitioning of localized transcripts    pp1004 - 1014 Daria Merkurjev, Wan-Ting Hong, Kei Iida, Ikumi Oomoto, Belinda J. Goldie et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0173-6 A localized set of mRNA at the synapse facilitates synapse formation and plasticity. The authors show an enrichment of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications of these mRNA at the synapse and link m6A recognition by molecular readers to synaptic function.   Amendments & Corrections   Author Correction: Dorsal hippocampus contributes to model-based planning    p1015 Kevin J. Miller, Matthew M. Botvinick & Carlos D. Brody doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0026-8 Author Correction: Synuclein and dopamine: the Bonnie and Clyde of Parkinson's disease    p1015 Subhojit Roy doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0035-7 Author Correction: Single-nucleus analysis of accessible chromatin in developing mouse forebrain reveals cell-type-specific transcriptional regulation    p1015 Sebastian Preissl, Rongxin Fang, Hui Huang, Yuan Zhao, Ramya Raviram et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0114-4 Author Correction: Altered cerebellar connectivity in autism and cerebellar-mediated rescue of autism-related behaviors in mice    p1016 Catherine J. Stoodley, Anila M. D’Mello, Jacob Ellegood, Vikram Jakkamsetti, Pei Liu et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0096-2 Author Correction: L1-associated genomic regions are deleted in somatic cells of the healthy human brain    p1016 Jennifer A Erwin, Apuã C M Paquola, Tatjana Singer, Iryna Gallina, Mark Novotny et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0131-3 Author Correction: Accumbal D2 cells orchestrate innate risk-avoidance according to orexin signals    p1016 Craig Blomeley, Celia Garau & Denis Burdakov doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0166-5 Publisher Correction: Whole genome sequencing in psychiatric disorders: the WGSPD consortium    p1017 Stephan J. Sanders, Benjamin M. Neale, Hailiang Huang, Donna M. Werling, Joon-Yong An et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0102-8 Publisher Correction: Single-cell analysis of experience-dependent transcriptomic states in the mouse visual cortex    p1017 Sinisa Hrvatin, Daniel R. Hochbaum, M. Aurel Nagy, Marcelo Cicconet, Keiramarie Robertson et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0112-6 Publisher Correction: Dysregulation of the epigenetic landscape of normal aging in Alzheimer’s disease    p1018 Raffaella Nativio, Greg Donahue, Amit Berson, Yemin Lan, Alexandre Amlie-Wolf et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0124-2 Publisher Correction: Genome-wide association study of delay discounting in 23,217 adult research participants of European ancestry    p1018 Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Pierre Fontanillas, Sarah L. Elson, Anita Pandit, Ellen M. Schmidt et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0117-1 Publisher Correction: Viewpoints: how the hippocampus contributes to memory, navigation and cognition    p1018 John Lisman, György Buzsáki, Howard Eichenbaum, Lynn Nadel, Charan Ranganath et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0034-8 Advertisement Nature Briefing is an essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, free in your inbox every weekday. 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