| | Vertically migrating swimmers generate aggregation-scale eddies in a stratified column
Laboratory experiments with the brine shrimp Artemia salina illustrate the potential for turbulence generated by the diurnal vertical migrations of aggregations of centimetre-scale zooplankton to affect the physical and biogeochemical structure of oceanic water columns.
| Pluripotency factors functionally premark cell-type-restricted enhancers in embryonic stem cells
Binding of an embryonic stem cell-specific transcription factor pre-marks cell-type-restricted enhancers in ES cells, and this premarking is required for the robustness of enhancer activation in differentiated cells.
| Mechanism of NMDA receptor channel block by MK-801 and memantine
A high-resolution X-ray structure and molecular dynamics simulations of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in complexes with channel-blocking ligands reveal the molecular basis of ligand binding and channel block.
| Identification of the tumour transition states occurring during EMT
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumour cells occurs through distinct intermediate states, associated with different metastatic potential, cellular properties, gene expression, and chromatin landscape.
| Electrophilic properties of itaconate and derivatives regulate the IκBζ–ATF3 inflammatory axis
The immunoregulatory metabolite itaconate and its dimethyl derivative induce electrophilic stress and react with glutathione to induce both Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent responses, resulting in AF3-mediated inhibition of the inflammation-related protein IκBζ.
| Renewing Felsenstein's phylogenetic bootstrap in the era of big data
A new version of the phylogenetic bootstrap method enables assessment of the robustness of phylogenies that are based on large datasets of hundreds or thousands of taxa.
| Genetic identification of leptin neural circuits in energy and glucose homeostases
A subset of neurons in the hypothalamus is identified as the primary site of action for regulating energy balance and glucose homeostasis by leptin.
| SAMHD1 acts at stalled replication forks to prevent interferon induction
SAMHD1 has an essential role in the replication stress response and prevents inflammation by activating the MRE11 nuclease to degrade nascent DNA strands at stalled replication forks, thus enabling replication.
| Global warming transforms coral reef assemblages
Acute heat stress from the extended marine heatwave of 2016 is a potent driver of the transformation of coral assemblages, which affects even the most remote and well-protected reefs of the Great Barrier Reef.
| A randomized trial of normothermic preservation in liver transplantation
Normothermic machine perfusion of the liver improved early graft function, demonstrated by reduced peak serum aspartate transaminase levels and early allograft dysfunction rates, and improved organ utilization and preservation times, although no differences were seen in graft or patient survival.
| Structural basis of ligand binding modes at the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor
Crystal structures of the neuropeptide Y1 receptor in complex with two distinct antagonists combined with NMR, molecular docking and mutagenesis studies inform a proposed model for receptor–agonist binding.
| Synthesis, structure and reaction chemistry of a nucleophilic aluminyl anion
An aluminium compound is synthesized in which the aluminium is formally anionic; reactions with various substrates suggest that this compound acts as the nucleophilic partner in both metal–carbon and metal–metal bond-forming reactions.
| | Functional circuit architecture underlying parental behaviour
Galanin-expressing neurons in the medial preoptic area coordinate different aspects of motor, motivational, hormonal and social behaviour associated with parenting by projecting to different brain regions depending on the type of behaviour and sex and reproductive state of mice.
Johannes Kohl, Benedicte M. Babayan, Nimrod D. Rubinstein et al. | | Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks
Peripheral stimuli can induce acute immune training and tolerance in the brain and lead to long-lasting epigenetic reprogramming of microglia; these changes alter pathology in mouse models of stroke and Alzheimer's pathology.
Ann-Christin Wendeln, Karoline Degenhardt, Lalit Kaurani et al. | | Genome evolution across 1,011 Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates
Whole-genome sequencing of 1,011 natural isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals its evolutionary history, including a single out-of-China origin and multiple domestication events, and provides a framework for genotype–phenotype studies in this model organism.
Jackson Peter, Matteo De Chiara, Anne Friedrich et al. | | | High male sexual investment as a driver of extinction in fossil ostracods
Ostracod species (small, bivalved crustaceans) with high sexual dimorphism, and therefore high male investment, had markedly higher extinction rates than low-investment species, indicating that sexual selection can be a substantial risk factor for extinction.
Maria João Fernandes Martins, T. Markham Puckett, Rowan Lockwood et al. | | Structural basis for ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling by the INO80 complex
Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the evolutionarily conserved core of a fungal INO80 complex bound to the nucleosomal substrate reveal the mechanism underlying nucleosome sliding and histone editing used by this ATP-dependent chromatin remodeller.
Sebastian Eustermann, Kevin Schall, Dirk Kostrewa et al. | | Structure and regulation of the human INO80–nucleosome complex
Cryo-electron microscopy structure of the human INO80 chromatin remodeller in complex with a bound nucleosome reveals that its motor domains are located at the DNA wrap around the histone core.
Rafael Ayala, Oliver Willhoft, Ricardo J. Aramayo et al. | | | | | |
No comments:
Post a Comment