Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology contents April 2018 Volume 19 Number 4 pp 207-274

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
April 2018 Volume 19 Number 4
2016 2-year Impact Factor 46.602 Journal Metrics 2-year Median 28.5	In this issue Comment Research Highlights Reviews   Also this month  Featured article: Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles Guillaume van Niel, Gisela D'Angelo & Graça Raposo
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Comment: A user's guide to the ambiguous word 'epigenetics' John M. Greally p207 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.135 The term 'epigenetics' is currently ambiguous, over-encompassing and uncoupled from its historical roots. This reflects interests and insights that have developed over time. In this Comment, I propose that we stop using the word in isolation, and be explicit about which definition we are using to avoid ambiguity in its scientific and public use. The term 'epigenetics' has multiple interpretations, so we need to be clear which definition we are using, argues John Greally. Full Text | PDF
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS   Top Stem cells: Translating hypertranscription in embryonic stem cells p209 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.19 The decondensed, permissive chromatin state of pluripotent stem cells is sensitive to translation, creating a positive feedback loop whereby hypertranscription depends on the high output of translation it produces. PDF Gene expression: Developmental enhancers in action p210 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.15 Developmental enhancers can function in an additive manner and are regulated by RNA polymerase II pausing and by the directionality of transcription. PDF Metabolism: A metabolic switch of fate p211 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.14 Fatty acid oxidation and increased acetyl-CoA levels act to suppress endothelial-mesenchymal transition. PDF DNA Replication: Onco-agent provocateur p211 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.17 Oncogenes induce firing of replication origins at transcribed genes; this promotes transcription-replication conflicts and genome instability. PDF Autophagy: Mitochondria encaged p212 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.16 Myosin VI is recruited to ubiquitylated mitochondria and drives their encapsulation into actin cages to sequester them for mitophagy. PDF JOURNAL CLUB Ubiquitin chains as second messengers p212 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2018.9 Philip Cohen highlights how two studies from the laboratory of Zhijian Chen, published in 2000 and 2001, started a new era in the study of signal transduction pathways and the roles of ubiquitin chains. PDF   Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology JOBS of the week Research group leader (2 positions) Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw Postdoctoral fellow Institute of Oncology Research (IOR) - An Institute affiliated to USI - Universit� della Svizzera italiana Post-doctoral Associate Yale University School of Medicine Senior Project Manager University of Glasgow Post-Doctoral Fellow Johns Hopkins University More Science jobs from Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology EVENT Single Cell Technologies and Analysis 21.07.18 Hinxton, UK More science events from
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Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles Guillaume van Niel, Gisela D'Angelo & Graça Raposo p213 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.125 Cells produce a wide variety of extracellular vesicles (subdivided into exosomes and microvesicles), which carry a multitude of cargoes, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. These vesicles have emerged as important means of cell-cell communication in physiology and disease, and their use in the clinic is now being explored. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Ten principles of heterochromatin formation and function Robin C. Allshire & Hiten D. Madhani p229 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.119 The assembly and maintenance of heterochromatin are carried out by distinct mechanisms that include factors that bind nascent transcripts to recruit chromatin-modifying enzymes. The resulting post-translational modifications on heterochromatic histones contribute to the regulation of development by restricting lineage-specific gene expression. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Chromatin dependencies in cancer and inflammation Ivan Marazzi, Benjamin D. Greenbaum, Diana H. P. Low & Ernesto Guccione p245 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.113 Gene expression programmes that are induced by inflammatory or oncogenic signals are controlled by shared chromatin regulators. Such chromatin dependencies are known to regulate oncogenes and inflammation-promoting genes and can be leveraged to combine and increase the effectiveness of immune-cell-based therapies with epigenetic therapies. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Transcription regulation by the Mediator complex Julie Soutourina p262 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.115 The evolutionarily conserved mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription (Mediator) complex is a general regulator of transcription. Recent structural and functional studies have provided important insights into the mechanisms of transcription activation by Mediator and have also revealed a new function of this complex in genome organization and suggested that it could be therapeutically targeted in disease. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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