Nature Communications - 28 March 2018

Advertisement Analyze biomolecular interactions using AAV biosensors Prepackaged and Ready-to-use Growing collection of sensors (e.g. Calcium and glutamate) CaMPARI, GCaMP3, GCaMP5, GCaMP6, jRCaMP1, jRGECO1 & iGLuSnFR Choice of promoter and the ability to include Cre inducible (FLEx-ON) expression. Perfect for in vitro or in vivo models. Learn more     Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is fully open access. Read more. 28 March 2018  Latest content: Articles Correspondence Addendum Author Correction Publisher Correction Advertisement Nature Milestone: Anticoagulants from Nature Reviews Cardiology This Milestone plots the history of anticoagulant drugs, used to prevent and treat thrombotic disorders in millions of patients worldwide. Fourteen Milestone articles are presented on an interactive timeline with associated multimedia.  Access free online >>  Produced with support from:  Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc.    Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Reviews Cardiology: Prevention of cardiovascular disease This Series by Nature Reviews Cardiology features articles on the latest advances in the field of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, from lifestyle modification strategies to clinical interventions targeting cardiovascular risk factors. Read the Series       Latest Review View all Articles         Nature Communications JOBS of the week Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship Nanyang Technological University (NTU) Research Associate University of Bristol Research Fellow RMIT University Postdoctoral Fellow University of British Columbia (UBC) Postdoctoral Associate Yale University School of Medicine Director of Operations Cornell University Intermediate Research Fellowship The Kay Kendall Leukaemia Fund Senior Research Assistant Wellcome Sanger Institute Postdoctoral Research Associate Washington State University Research Assistant / Associate University of Glasgow More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT " Southeastern Symposium on Mental Health" 18.05.18 Greenville, SC, USA More science events from     Latest Articles View all Articles     Nuclear disarmament verification via resonant phenomena OPEN Jake J. Hecla & Areg Danagoulian Authenticating a nuclear warhead without revealing its design is a challenge. Here the authors discuss a nuclear disarmament verification method based on neutron resonance analysis which is sensitive to the isotopic composition of the materials used in warheads. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03680-4 Characterization and analytical techniques  Experimental nuclear physics  Nuclear fusion and fission  Lymphotoxin α fine-tunes T cell clonal deletion by regulating thymic entry of antigen-presenting cells OPEN Noëlla Lopes, Jonathan Charaix, Oriane Cédile, Arnauld Sergé & Magali Irla Autoreactive T cells are removed during their development in the thymus through the functions of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC) and dendritic cells (DC), a process termed negative selection. Here the authors show that mTEC-T cell crosstalk and lymphotoxin α signalling are essential for the proper recruitment of DCs into the thymus. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03619-9 Antigen-presenting cells  Central tolerance  Clonal selection  Dendritic cells  The role of CSF1R-dependent macrophages in control of the intestinal stem-cell niche OPEN Anuj Sehgal, David S. Donaldson, Clare Pridans, Kristin A. Sauter, David A. Hume & Neil A. Mabbott Colony stimulating factor 1 controls the growth and differentiation of macrophages. Here the authors demonstrate that its blockade depletes gut macrophages and indirectly affects gut epithelial cell differentiation as the macrophages help maintain the Paneth and stem cells in intestinal crypts. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03638-6 Innate immunity  Intestinal stem cells  Mucosal immunology  Breast and pancreatic cancer interrupt IRF8-dependent dendritic cell development to overcome immune surveillance OPEN Melissa A. Meyer, John M. Baer, Brett L. Knolhoff, Timothy M. Nywening, Roheena Z. Panni, Xinming Su, Katherine N. Weilbaecher, William G. Hawkins, Cynthia Ma, Ryan C. Fields, David C. Linehan, Grant A. Challen, Roberta Faccio, Rebecca L. Aft & David G. DeNardo Tumors escape the immune system through many mechanisms. Here the authors show that certain tumors inhibit anti-tumor immunity by stopping the production of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) in the bone marrow, therefore depleting the pool of cDCs available to present antigen to CD8+ T cells. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03600-6 Immunology  Myelopoiesis  Tumour immunology  Oncofetal gene SALL4 reactivation by hepatitis B virus counteracts miR-200c in PD-L1-induced T cell exhaustion OPEN Cheng Sun, Peixiang Lan, Qiuju Han, Mei Huang, Zhihong Zhang, Geliang Xu, Jiaxi Song, Jinyu Wang, Haiming Wei, Jian Zhang, Rui Sun, Cai Zhang & Zhigang Tian Blocking PD-1 function on T cells is thought to be a viable strategy to prevent virus-induced or tumor-induced T cell exhaustion. Here the authors link the zinc-finger transcription factor SALL4 with miR-200c inhibition of PD-L1 expression by hepatocytes in patients with HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03584-3 CD8-positive T cells  Hepatitis B  Immune evasion  Tumour immunology  Dedicated photoreceptor pathways in Drosophila larvae mediate navigation by processing either spatial or temporal cues OPEN Tim-Henning Humberg, Pascal Bruegger, Bruno Afonso, Marta Zlatic, James W. Truman, Marc Gershow, Aravinthan Samuel & Simon G. Sprecher The response of Drosophila larva to light depends on both spatial and temporal inputs. Here the authors show that Rhodopsin5 photoreceptors, but not Rhodopsin6 photoreceptors, are required for conveying spatial light cues. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03520-5 Navigation  Visual system  Fluorescent label-free quantitative detection of nano-sized bioparticles using a pillar array OPEN Kerwin Kwek Zeming, Thoriq Salafi, Swati Shikha & Yong Zhang The detection and quantification of bioparticles is important to a range of applications including disease diagnostics. Here, the authors present a fluorescent label-free detection method using deterministic lateral displacement and demonstrate its use in detecting a range of proteins and vesicles. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03596-z Biomedical engineering  Biosensors  Microfluidics  Opn5L1 is a retinal receptor that behaves as a reverse and self-regenerating photoreceptor OPEN Keita Sato, Takahiro Yamashita, Hideyo Ohuchi, Atsuko Takeuchi, Hitoshi Gotoh, Katsuhiko Ono, Misao Mizuno, Yasuhisa Mizutani, Sayuri Tomonari, Kazumi Sakai, Yasushi Imamoto, Akimori Wada & Yoshinori Shichida Opsins are G protein-coupled receptors which are activated by light-triggered retinal 11-cis-to-all-trans photoisomerization. Here, the authors report a vertebrate non-visual opsin (Opn5L1) that functions as a Gi-coupled retinal receptor, is deactivated by light and can thermally self-regenerate. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03603-3 Biochemistry  G protein-coupled receptors  Molecular imaging of glycan chains couples cell-wall polysaccharide architecture to bacterial cell morphology OPEN Robert D. Turner, Stéphane Mesnage, Jamie K. Hobbs & Simon J. Foster The molecular architecture of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall remains unclear. Here, Turner et al. use atomic force microscopy to image individual glycan strands in peptidoglycan at an unprecedented detail, revealing novel features of its molecular organisation. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03551-y Biological physics  Microbiology  MLL5 suppresses antiviral innate immune response by facilitating STUB1-mediated RIG-I degradation OPEN Peipei Zhou, Xiaodan Ding, Xiaoling Wan, Lulu Liu, Xiujie Yuan, Wei Zhang, Xinhui Hui, Guangxun Meng, Hui Xiao, Bin Li, Jin Zhong, Fajian Hou, Lihwen Deng & Yan Zhang MLL5 is an essential epigenetic modifier involved in cell cycle progression, chromatin architecture and hematopoiesis. Here the authors establish that MLL5 suppresses the innate immune response in a murine model of virus infection by targeting and promoting degradation of RIG-I. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03563-8 Innate immunity  RIG-I-like receptors  USP15-dependent lysosomal pathway controls p53-R175H turnover in ovarian cancer cells OPEN Achuth Padmanabhan, Nicholes Candelaria, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Bryan C. Nikolai, David M. Lonard, Bert W. O’Malley & JoAnne S. Richards Gain-of-function mutants of p53 are important for cancer development and strategies to target specifically these isoforms are being investigated. Here the authors report that USP15 is a deubiquitinase specifically regulating p53-R175H levels that can be targeted by a small molecule. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03599-w Oncogenes  Ovarian cancer  Small molecules  Tumour-suppressor proteins  Ubiquitylation  Beclin1 restricts RNA virus infection in plants through suppression and degradation of the viral polymerase OPEN Fangfang Li, Changwei Zhang, Yinzi Li, Guanwei Wu, Xilin Hou, Xueping Zhou & Aiming Wang Plant DNA virus replication is inhibited by autophagy, but the interplay between plant RNA viruses and autophagy is less clear. Here, Li et al. show that turnip mosaic virus infection activates autophagy and that Beclin1, a core autophagy component, binds the viral polymerase and inhibits virus replication. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03658-2 Antivirals  Macroautophagy  Plant cell biology  Virus–host interactions  Aftershock sequences and seismic-like organization of acoustic events produced by a single propagating crack OPEN Jonathan Barés, Alizée Dubois, Lamine Hattali, Davy Dalmas & Daniel Bonamy The multiple microcracking events underlying damage in inhomogeneous brittle materials form characteristic aftershocks sequences obeying similar laws to those in seismology. Here, Barés et al. evidence and explain the same organization in the acoustic noise produced by a single propagating crack. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03559-4 Mechanical properties  Seismology  Quantum probe hyperpolarisation of molecular nuclear spins OPEN David A. Broadway, Jean-Philippe Tetienne, Alastair Stacey, James D. A. Wood, David A. Simpson, Liam T. Hall & Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg Molecules with ‘hyperpolarised’ nuclear spins can be used to improve MRI performance but require an efficient polarisation method. Broadway et al. demonstrate a quantum control protocol using a nitrogen vacancy centre inside a diamond to hyperpolarise protons within molecules deposited on the surface. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03578-1 Optical properties of diamond  NMR spectroscopy  Quantum physics  Over-elongation of centrioles in cancer promotes centriole amplification and chromosome missegregation OPEN Gaëlle Marteil, Adan Guerrero, André F. Vieira, Bernardo P. de Almeida, Pedro Machado, Susana Mendonça, Marta Mesquita, Beth Villarreal, Irina Fonseca, Maria E. Francia, Katharina Dores, Nuno P. Martins, Swadhin C. Jana, Erin M. Tranfield, Nuno L. Barbosa-Morais, Joana Paredes, David Pellman, Susana A. Godinho & Mónica Bettencourt-Dias Cancer cells are characterised by abnormalities in the number of centrosomes and this phenotype is linked with tumorigenesis. Here the authors report centriole length deregulation in a subset of cancer cell lines and suggest a link with subsequent alterations in centriole numbers and chromosomal instability. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03641-x Cancer  Centrosome  A licensing step links AID to transcription elongation for mutagenesis in B cells OPEN Stephen P. Methot, Ludivine C. Litzler, Poorani Ganesh Subramani, Anil K. Eranki, Heather Fifield, Anne-Marie Patenaude, Julian C. Gilmore, Gabriel E. Santiago, Halil Bagci, Jean-François Côté, Mani Larijani, Ramiro E. Verdun & Javier M. Di Noia Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is important for inducing desirable mutations at the B cell receptor genes for effective antibody responses. Here the authors show that three key arginine residues of AID link AID-chromatin association with transcription elongation to license AID for specific mutagenesis in B cells. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03387-6 B-cell lymphoma  Class switch recombination  DNA damage and repair  Somatic hypermutation  Asymmetric electric field screening in van der Waals heterostructures OPEN Lu Hua Li, Tian Tian, Qiran Cai, Chih-Jen Shih & Elton J. G. Santos Charge density reorganization at the interface between 2D materials may lead to electric field screening. Here, the authors investigate the dielectric screening properties of MoS2/graphene van der Waals heterostructures and identify an asymmetric electric response under different directions of the applied electric field. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03592-3 Electronic properties and devices  Graphene  Materials science  Nanoscale materials  O2 evolution and recovery of the water-oxidizing enzyme OPEN Keisuke Kawashima, Tomohiro Takaoka, Hiroki Kimura, Keisuke Saito & Hiroshi Ishikita Water splitting during photosynthesis results in the combination of two oxygen atoms to form O2. Here, based on computational simulations, the authors develop a possible mechanism for this reaction, which is different from the mechanisms previous studies have suggested. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03545-w Bioenergetics  Photosystem II  Klf4 glutamylation is required for cell reprogramming and early embryonic development in mice OPEN Buqing Ye, Benyu Liu, Lu Hao, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Liuliu Yang, Shuo Wang, Pengyan Xia, Ying Du, Shu Meng, Guanling Huang, Xiwen Qin, Yanying Wang, Xinlong Yan, Chong Li, Junfeng Hao, Pingping Zhu, Luyun He, Yong Tian & Zusen Fan Embryonic stem cell pluripotency depends upon precise regulation by a core transcription network. Here the authors show that polyglutamylation mediated stabilization of the transcription factor Klf4 by TTLL1 and TTLL4 promotes reprogramming, pluripotency and preimplantation embryonic development. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03008-2 Induced pluripotent stem cells  Pluripotency  Post-translational modifications  Reprogramming  Dual-comb spectroscopy of laser-induced plasmas OPEN Jenna Bergevin, Tsung-Han Wu, Jeremy Yeak, Brian E. Brumfield, Sivanandan S. Harilal, Mark C. Phillips & R. Jason Jones Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for broadband high-resolution measurements. Here Bergevin et al. apply this technique to a laser-induced plasma detecting different species in a solid sample with a spectral resolution sufficient to resolve hyperfine splitting of the Rb D2 line. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03703-0 Frequency combs  Optical physics  Optical spectroscopy  Structural characterization of a highly-potent V3-glycan broadly neutralizing antibody bound to natively-glycosylated HIV-1 envelope OPEN Christopher O. Barnes, Harry B. Gristick, Natalia T. Freund, Amelia Escolano, Artem Y. Lyubimov, Harald Hartweger, Anthony P. West Jr., Aina E. Cohen, Michel C. Nussenzweig & Pamela J. Bjorkman Structure determination of glycosylated HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimers complexed with broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) promotes a better understanding of bNAb epitopes. Here the authors present the structures of natively-glycosylated Env in complex with the highly-potent bNAb BG18, which is of interest for HIV-1 vaccine development. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03632-y Glycoproteins  HIV infections  X-ray crystallography  Two-thirds of global cropland area impacted by climate oscillations OPEN Matias Heino, Michael J. Puma, Philip J. Ward, Dieter Gerten, Vera Heck, Stefan Siebert & Matti Kummu Climate oscillations such as El Niño Southern Oscillation may impact global crop production. Here, the authors, using a unified framework of multiple climate oscillations, find that from 1961 to 2010 over two-thirds of the global cropland is located where crop productivity is influenced by climate oscillations. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02071-5 Agroecology  Agriculture  Climate sciences  Oxygen radical character in group 11 oxygen fluorides OPEN Lin Li, Tony Stüker, Stefanie Kieninger, Dirk Andrae, Tobias Schlöder, Yu Gong, Lester Andrews, Helmut Beckers & Sebastian Riedel While transition metal complexes bearing terminal oxido ligands are common, those of group 11 elements have yet to be experimentally observed. Here, Riedel and colleagues synthesise molecular oxygen fluorides of copper, silver and gold, and show that the oxo ligands possess radical character. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03630-0 Chemical bonding  Computational chemistry  Infrared spectroscopy  A complex epistatic network limits the mutational reversibility in the influenza hemagglutinin receptor-binding site OPEN Nicholas C. Wu, Andrew J. Thompson, Jia Xie, Chih-Wei Lin, Corwin M. Nycholat, Xueyong Zhu, Richard A. Lerner, James C. Paulson & Ian A. Wilson The receptor-binding site (RBS) of influenza A viruses evolves to evade immune pressure, while maintaining efficient attachment to the host receptor. Wu et al. here identify the complex epistatic network in RBS of H3N2 viruses that limits reversibility of naturally occurring mutations to retain infectivity. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03663-5 Influenza virus  Molecular evolution  Next-generation sequencing  X-ray crystallography  Size-dependent activity and selectivity of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction over platinum nanoparticles OPEN Chunyang Dong, Cheng Lian, Songchang Hu, Zesheng Deng, Jianqiu Gong, Mingde Li, Honglai Liu, Mingyang Xing & Jinlong Zhang Light-driven carbon dioxide conversion into fuels provides a nature-inspired strategy to combat climate change, but how materials do so remains a challenge. Here, the authors prepare metal–semiconductor composites and find platinum-nanoparticle size controls fuel selectivity and activity. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03666-2 Nanoparticles  Photocatalysis  Solar fuels  Evidence for functional pre-coupled complexes of receptor heteromers and adenylyl cyclase OPEN Gemma Navarro, Arnau Cordomí, Verónica Casadó-Anguera, Estefanía Moreno, Ning-Sheng Cai, Antoni Cortés, Enric I. Canela, Carmen W. Dessauer, Vicent Casadó, Leonardo Pardo, Carme Lluís & Sergi Ferré It is unclear whether GPCRs, G proteins and adenylyl cyclase (AC) associate through random collisions or defined pre-coupling mechanisms. Using a peptide-based approach, the authors show that heteromers of adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors form pre-coupled complexes with their cognate G proteins and AC5. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03522-3 Cell signalling  G protein-coupled receptors  Molecular neuroscience  Compositional heterogeneity near the base of the mantle transition zone beneath Hawaii OPEN Chunquan Yu, Elizabeth A. Day, Maarten V. de Hoop, Michel Campillo, Saskia Goes, Rachel A. Blythe & Robert D. van der Hilst Seismic discontinuities near 410 and 660 km depth have often been used to map lateral variations in mantle temperature. Here, the authors apply array analysis to SS reflections off these discontinuities under Hawaii and find evidence of lateral variations in mantle composition at 660 km, but not at 410 km. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03654-6 Geodynamics  Geophysics  Mineralogy  Seismology  Downregulation of cytoplasmic DNases is implicated in cytoplasmic DNA accumulation and SASP in senescent cells OPEN Akiko Takahashi, Tze Mun Loo, Ryo Okada, Fumitaka Kamachi, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Masahiro Wakita, Sugiko Watanabe, Shimpei Kawamoto, Kenichi Miyata, Glen N. Barber, Naoko Ohtani & Eiji Hara Activation of DNA damage response induces the acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in senescent cells, but precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that the cytoplasmic accumulation of nuclear DNA activated cytoplasmic DNA sensors to provoke SASP. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03555-8 DNA damage and repair  Senescence  Methane stimulates massive nitrogen loss from freshwater reservoirs in India OPEN S. Wajih A. Naqvi, Phyllis Lam, Gayatree Narvenkar, Amit Sarkar, Hema Naik, Anil Pratihary, Damodar M. Shenoy, Mangesh Gauns, Siby Kurian, Samir Damare, Manon Duret, Gaute Lavik & Marcel M. M. Kuypers The fate of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) remains understudied in South Asian water bodies despite its impact on water chemistry and quality. Here the authors show that N loss in Indian freshwater reservoirs is tightly coupled to methanotrophy, which has helped curb eutrophication and greenhouse gas emissions. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03607-z Element cycles  Water microbiology  Synthesis of AgN5 and its extended 3D energetic framework OPEN Chengguo Sun, Chong Zhang, Chao Jiang, Chen Yang, Yang Du, Yue Zhao, Bingcheng Hu, Zhansheng Zheng & Karl O. Christe The pentazolate anion shows great promise for high energy density materials, but has only been isolated alongside non-energetic counter ions that impede its energetic properties. Here, the authors synthesize a silver cyclo-N5-complex devoid of stabilizing ions, as well as a complementary [Ag(NH3)2]+[Ag3(N5)4]− 3D framework. 28 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03678-y Coordination chemistry  Inorganic chemistry  Chemical synthesis  Hunting regulation favors slow life histories in a large carnivore OPEN Joanie Van de Walle, Gabriel Pigeon, Andreas Zedrosser, Jon E. Swenson & Fanie Pelletier Hunting and harvesting are generally expected to select for faster life histories in the exploited species. Here, the authors analyse data from a hunted population of brown bears in Sweden and show that regulations protecting females with dependent young lead hunting to favor prolonged maternal care. 27 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03506-3 Conservation biology  Evolutionary ecology  Population dynamics  GS9 acts as a transcriptional activator to regulate rice grain shape and appearance quality OPEN Dong-Sheng Zhao, Qian-Feng Li, Chang-Quan Zhang, Chen Zhang, Qing-Qing Yang, Li-Xu Pan, Xin-Yu Ren, Jun Lu, Ming-Hong Gu & Qiao-Quan Liu Rice grain shape or size is an important trait associated with both yield and appearance quality. Here, the authors identify GS9 as a negative transcription regulator of slender grain and show it can improve grain shape and appearance independently from other previously identified grain size genes. 27 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03616-y Agricultural genetics  Genetic mapping  Natural variation in plants  Plant breeding  Ikaros family zinc finger 1 regulates dendritic cell development and function in humans OPEN Urszula Cytlak, Anastasia Resteu, Delfien Bogaert, Hye Sun Kuehn, Thomas Altmann, Andrew Gennery, Graham Jackson, Attila Kumanovics, Karl V. Voelkerding, Seraina Prader, Melissa Dullaers, Janine Reichenbach, Harry Hill, Filomeen Haerynck, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Matthew Collin & Venetia Bigley IKZF1 is a transcription factor known to regulate mammalian B-cell development. Here the authors show that IKZF1 is required for human pDC development and regulation of DC cytokine production in patients with IKZF1 haploinsufficiency, findings which are recapitulated in lenalidomide-induced IKZF1 deficiency. 27 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-02977-8 Cytokines  Dendritic cells  Leukopoiesis  Myeloma  Pre-Columbian earth-builders settled along the entire southern rim of the Amazon OPEN Jonas Gregorio de Souza, Denise Pahl Schaan, Mark Robinson, Antonia Damasceno Barbosa, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Ben Hur Marimon Jr., Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Izaias Brasil da Silva, Salman Saeed Khan, Francisco Ruji Nakahara & José Iriarte Previous studies of Pre-Columbian earthworks in the Amazon basin have left a gap in the Upper Tapajós Basin (UTB). Here, the authors detect 104 Pre-Columbian earthworks in the UTB, suggesting continuous occupation across southern Amazonia and higher population densities than previously estimated. 27 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03510-7 Archaeology  Environmental impact  Sustainability  TRIM11 activates the proteasome and promotes overall protein degradation by regulating USP14 OPEN Liang Chen, Guixin Zhu, Eleanor M. Johns & Xiaolu Yang The proteasome-bound ubiquitinase USP14 plays an important role in determining proteasome activity and substrate specificity. Here the authors show that TRIM11, a member of the mammalian tripartite motif family, regulates USP14 and is an important activator of the proteasome. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03499-z Proteasome  Protein quality control  Oxidative [4+2] annulation of styrenes with alkynes under external-oxidant-free conditions OPEN Guoting Zhang, Yulin Lin, Xu Luo, Xia Hu, Cong Chen & Aiwen Lei A sequence of a Diels–Alder reaction and oxidation is a powerful route to valuable aromatic compounds. Here, the authors report a more atom-economical oxidant-free strategy involving a Diels–Alder with H2 evolution under noble-metal-free photoredox conditions. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03534-z Synthetic chemistry methodology  Photocatalysis  Sustainability  Dissociating frontoparietal brain networks with neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization OPEN Romy Lorenz, Ines R. Violante, Ricardo Pio Monti, Giovanni Montana, Adam Hampshire & Robert Leech The unique contributions of different frontoparietal networks (FPNs) in cognition remains unclear. Here, authors use neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization to identify cognitive tasks that segregate dorsal and ventral FPNs and reveal complex many-to-many mappings between cognitive tasks and FPNs. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03657-3 Cognitive control  Cognitive neuroscience  Problem solving  Psychology  A semi-synthetic regulon enables rapid growth of yeast on xylose OPEN Venkatesh Endalur Gopinarayanan & Nikhil U. Nair Efficient assimilation of nutrients is essential for the production of value-added products in microbial fermentation. Here the authors design a semi-synthetic xylose regulon to improve growth characteristics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on this non-native sugar. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03645-7 Metabolic engineering  Synthetic biology  Single rhodium atoms anchored in micropores for efficient transformation of methane under mild conditions OPEN Yu Tang, Yuting Li, Victor Fung, De-en Jiang, Weixin Huang, Shiran Zhang, Yasuhiro Iwasawa, Tomohiro Sakata, Luan Nguyen, Xiaoyan Zhang, Anatoly I. Frenkel & Franklin (Feng) Tao Catalytic transformation of CH4 under mild conditions has implications to shale gas utilization. Here, the authors report the transformation of CH4 to acetic acid through coupling of CH4, CO and O2 on single-site Rh1O5 anchored in microporous aluminosilicates in liquid phase. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03235-7 Carbon capture and storage  Catalytic mechanisms  Heterogeneous catalysis  Counterregulation of cAMP-directed kinase activities controls ciliogenesis OPEN Monia Porpora, Simona Sauchella, Laura Rinaldi, Rossella Delle Donne, Maria Sepe, Omar Torres-Quesada, Daniela Intartaglia, Corrado Garbi, Luigi Insabato, Margherita Santoriello, Verena A. Bachmann, Matthis Synofzik, Herbert H. Lindner, Ivan Conte, Eduard Stefan & Antonio Feliciello The mechanisms that control ciliogenesis have been extensively explored however the signaling mechanisms that control cilium stability remain unclear. Here the authors show that GPCR signaling regulates cilia resorption via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03643-9 Cell signalling  Post-translational modifications  A vaccinia-based single vector construct multi-pathogen vaccine protects against both Zika and chikungunya viruses OPEN Natalie A. Prow, Liang Liu, Eri Nakayama, Tamara H. Cooper, Kexin Yan, Preethi Eldi, Jessamine E. Hazlewood, Bing Tang, Thuy T. Le, Yin Xiang Setoh, Alexander A Khromykh, Jody Hobson-Peters, Kerrilyn R. Diener, Paul M. Howley, John D. Hayball & Andreas Suhrbier Zika and chikungunya virus are co-circulating in many regions and currently there is no approved vaccine for either virus. Here, the authors engineer one vaccinia virus based vaccine for both, Zika and chikungunya, and show protection from infection and pathogenesis in mice. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03662-6 Alphaviruses  Experimental models of disease  Pox virus  Vaccines  The RNA-binding protein ARPP21 controls dendritic branching by functionally opposing the miRNA it hosts OPEN Frederick Rehfeld, Daniel Maticzka, Sabine Grosser, Pina Knauff, Murat Eravci, Imre Vida, Rolf Backofen & F. Gregory Wulczyn Many microRNA encoding regions are within introns of other coding genes, and yet the molecular or functional interaction between the two is unclear. This study shows that miR-128′s function is opposed by its host gene ARPP21, and they have complementary effects on neuronal development. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03681-3 Cell growth  Differentiation  Gene regulation  miRNAs  Molecular neuroscience  Microglia remodel synapses by presynaptic trogocytosis and spine head filopodia induction OPEN Laetitia Weinhard, Giulia di Bartolomei, Giulia Bolasco, Pedro Machado, Nicole L. Schieber, Urte Neniskyte, Melanie Exiga, Auguste Vadisiute, Angelo Raggioli, Andreas Schertel, Yannick Schwab & Cornelius T. Gross Direct visualization of microglia-mediated synapse pruning has been lacking. This study shows direct evidence of microglia-synapse interaction where microglia do not necessarily ‘eat’ post-synaptic structure but ‘nibble’ on pre-synaptic terminals, much akin to trogocytosis by lymphocytes. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03566-5 Spine motility  Spine structure  Synaptic development  Infused ice can multiply IceCube’s sensitivity OPEN Imre Bartos, Zsuzsa Marka & Szabolcs Marka The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has been recording a flux of high-energy cosmic neutrinos since 2013. Here, the authors investigate the possibility of increasing its sensitivity by implementing wavelength shifting optics within IceCube’s drill holes. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03693-z Astronomical instrumentation  High-energy astrophysics  Particle astrophysics  Divergent midbrain circuits orchestrate escape and freezing responses to looming stimuli in mice OPEN Congping Shang, Zijun Chen, Aixue Liu, Yang Li, Jiajing Zhang, Baole Qu, Fei Yan, Yaning Zhang, Weixiu Liu, Zhihui Liu, Xiaofei Guo, Dapeng Li, Yi Wang & Peng Cao In response to environmental threats, such as visual looming stimuli, mice either freeze or escape. Here the authors demonstrate that these two behaviors are mediated by separate tectofugal pathways formed by parvalbumin-positive neurons in the superior colliculus. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03580-7 Motion detection  Neural circuits  A comprehensive map coupling histone modifications with gene regulation in adult dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons OPEN Erik Södersten, Konstantinos Toskas, Vilma Rraklli, Katarina Tiklova, Åsa K. Björklund, Markus Ringnér, Thomas Perlmann & Johan Holmberg The limited size of some neuronal types and their entangled environment renders it difficult to study their transcription regulation. Here the authors present a comparative analysis of histone modifications and transcription in dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons and embryonic neural progenitors. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03538-9 Epigenetics and plasticity  Histone analysis  Parkinson's disease  Silicon and glass very large scale microfluidic droplet integration for terascale generation of polymer microparticles OPEN Sagar Yadavali, Heon-Ho Jeong, Daeyeon Lee & David Issadore Microfluidic-generated polymer microparticles have been shown to have superior pharmacological performance; yet, mass production remains a challenge to industrial application. Here, the authors present and test a device that incorporates arrays of microparticle generators for mass production. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03515-2 Biomedical engineering  Drug delivery  Techniques and instrumentation  The CPLANE protein Intu protects kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting STAT1 for degradation OPEN Shixuan Wang, Aimin Liu, Guangyu Wu, Han-Fei Ding, Shuang Huang, Stanley Nahman & Zheng Dong Intu is a planar cell polarity protein known to regulate ciliogenesis during embryonic development. Here, Wang et al. identify a role for Intu in adult kidneys, where they find it promotes degradation of STAT1 and thus prevents cilia loss and cell death upon ischemia-reperfusion injury. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03628-8 Acute kidney injury  Cilia  Large-area and bright pulsed electroluminescence in monolayer semiconductors OPEN Der-Hsien Lien, Matin Amani, Sujay B. Desai, Geun Ho Ahn, Kevin Han, Jr-Hau He, Joel W. Ager III, Ming C. Wu & Ali Javey Atomically thin monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield are promising for optoelectronic and lighting applications. Here, the authors fabricate a transient-mode electroluminescent device to bypass the requirement of ohmic contacts for electrons and holes, and observe millimetre-scale light emission from a transparent 2D display. 26 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03218-8 Electrical and electronic engineering  Optoelectronic devices and components  Two-dimensional materials  Interruption of lactate uptake by inhibiting mitochondrial pyruvate transport unravels direct antitumor and radiosensitizing effects OPEN Cyril Corbet, Estelle Bastien, Nihed Draoui, Bastien Doix, Lionel Mignion, Bénédicte F. Jordan, Arnaud Marchand, Jean-Christophe Vanherck, Patrick Chaltin, Olivier Schakman, Holger M. Becker, Olivier Riant & Olivier Feron Tumor cells can fuel their metabolism with lactate. Here the authors show that inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) blocks extracellular lactate uptake by promoting intracellular pyruvate accumulation and inhibits oxidative metabolism, ultimately resulting in cytotoxicity and radiosensitization. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03525-0 Cancer metabolism  Cancer therapy  Ecological control of nitrite in the upper ocean OPEN Emily J. Zakem, Alia Al-Haj, Matthew J. Church, Gert L. van Dijken, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Sarah Q. Foster, Robinson W. Fulweiler, Matthew M. Mills & Michael J. Follows Nitrite tends to peak at the base of the sunlit zone in the ocean, but the ecological drivers of the local and global distributions of nitrite are not known. Here, Zakem et al. use a marine ecosystem model to show how the interactions of nitrifying microbes mediate nitrite accumulation. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03553-w Biogeochemistry  Ecological modelling  Microbial biooceanography  Microbial ecology  Designed heterogeneous palladium catalysts for reversible light-controlled bioorthogonal catalysis in living cells OPEN Faming Wang, Yan Zhang, Zhi Du, Jinsong Ren & Xiaogang Qu Fine controlling chemical reactions over transition metal catalysts in living systems like enzymes remains a challenge. Here, the authors develop a versatile light-controlled bioorthogonal catalyst by modifying macroporous silica-Pd0 with supramolecular complex of azobenzene and β-cyclodextrin. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03617-x Biocatalysis  Biomimetic synthesis  Nanoparticles  Thermal management and non-reciprocal control of phonon flow via optomechanics OPEN Alireza Seif, Wade DeGottardi, Keivan Esfarjani & Mohammad Hafezi Phonon transport control is important for thermal and non-reciprocal devices. Here, Seif et al. combine heat transport in nanostructures and optomechanics into a platform for manipulating phonons with which they design an acoustic isolator and a thermal diode. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03624-y Nanoscale materials  Optomechanics  A genomics approach reveals insights into the importance of gene losses for mammalian adaptations OPEN Virag Sharma, Nikolai Hecker, Juliana G. Roscito, Leo Foerster, Bjoern E. Langer & Michael Hiller Gene losses are generally considered detrimental, or at best neutral. Here, Sharma and colleagues present a new comparative genomics method to detect gene losses and highlight cases of gene losses in mammals that have potentially contributed to adaptive phenotypic innovations. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03667-1 Evolutionary genetics  Genome informatics  Molecular evolution  Cell-free protein synthesis from genomically recoded bacteria enables multisite incorporation of noncanonical amino acids OPEN Rey W. Martin, Benjamin J. Des Soye, Yong-Chan Kwon, Jennifer Kay, Roderick G. Davis, Paul M. Thomas, Natalia I. Majewska, Cindy X. Chen, Ryan D. Marcum, Mary Grace Weiss, Ashleigh E. Stoddart, Miriam Amiram, Arnaz K. Ranji Charna, Jaymin R. Patel, Farren J. Isaacs, Neil L. Kelleher, Seok Hoon Hong & Michael C. Jewett Cell-free protein synthesis allows for producing proteins without the need of a host organism, thus sparing the researcher experimental hassle. Here, the authors developed a cell-free synthesis method that enables incorporating non-standard amino acids in the product. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03469-5 Biocatalysis  Biological techniques  Biotechnology  Poly-ligand profiling differentiates trastuzumab-treated breast cancer patients according to their outcomes OPEN Valeriy Domenyuk , Zoran Gatalica, Radhika Santhanam, Xixi Wei, Adam Stark, Patrick Kennedy, Brandon Toussaint, Symon Levenberg, Jie Wang, Nianqing Xiao, Richard Greil, Gabriel Rinnerthaler, Simon P. Gampenrieder, Amy B. Heimberger, Donald A. Berry, Anna Barker, John Quackenbush, John L. Marshall, George Poste, Jeffrey L. Vacirca et al. Patients’ selection is particularly important in cancer treatment. Here the authors present a proof-of-principle methodology that could be potentially important in assisting therapeutic decisions in the treatment of breast cancer patients. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03631-z Breast cancer  DNA  Three-dimensional variations of the slab geometry correlate with earthquake distributions at the Cascadia subduction system OPEN Haiying Gao Variations in seismicity are observed at subduction zones, but the oceanic sides remain poorly resolved. Here, the author presents tomographic results of the Cascadia subduction system demonstrating that there are significant variations of the oceanic lithosphere along the subduction zone. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03655-5 Seismology  Solid Earth sciences  Linear and inverted U-shaped dose-response functions describe estrogen effects on hippocampal activity in young women OPEN Janine Bayer, Jan Gläscher, Jürgen Finsterbusch, Laura H. Schulte & Tobias Sommer While estrogen is known to change hippocampal activity in animals, it is not known if this effect extends to humans. Here, authors vary the doses of estrogen in young women and show that the effects on hippocampal activity can be described by linear and inverted-U shaped dose-response functions. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03679-x Endocrinology  Hippocampus  Structure and evolution of the Fam20 kinases OPEN Hui Zhang, Qinyu Zhu, Jixin Cui, Yuxin Wang, Mark J. Chen, Xing Guo, Vincent S. Tagliabracci, Jack E. Dixon & Junyu Xiao Fam20 proteins are kinases that phosphorylate secreted proteins and proteoglycans. Here the authors present the crystal structures of the three Fam20 kinases and their complexes and give mechanistic insights into substrate recognition and the function and regulation of this kinase family. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03615-z Kinases  X-ray crystallography  Intralayer and interlayer electron–phonon interactions in twisted graphene heterostructures OPEN G. S. N. Eliel, M. V. O. Moutinho, A. C. Gadelha, A. Righi, L. C. Campos, H. B. Ribeiro, Po-Wen Chiu, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, P. Puech, M. Paillet, T. Michel, P. Venezuela & M. A. Pimenta Electron–phonon interactions in van der Waals layered materials can occur either within the same layer (intralayer) or in different layers (interlayer). Here, the authors use multi-wavelength Raman spectroscopy to probe intra- and inter-layer electron–phonon interactions in twisted graphene heterostructures. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03479-3 Electronic properties and materials  Physics  Transcriptomic signatures of NK cells suggest impaired responsiveness in HIV-1 infection and increased activity post-vaccination OPEN Margaret C. Costanzo, Dohoon Kim, Matthew Creegan, Kerri G. Lal, Julie A. Ake, Jeffrey R. Currier, Hendrik Streeck, Merlin L. Robb, Nelson L. Michael, Diane L. Bolton, Nicholas J. Steers & Michael A. Eller Natural killer (NK) cells are important for eliminating cells under stress or infected by virus, and may have a function in anti-HIV immunity. Here the authors show that different NK-activating stimuli induce distinct transcriptional fingerprints in human NK cells that are analogous to changes caused by HIV vaccination or chronic infection. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03618-w Cell death and immune response  HIV infections  Innate lymphoid cells  Microarray analysis  NK cells  BAFF-neutralizing interaction of belimumab related to its therapeutic efficacy for treating systemic lupus erythematosus OPEN Woori Shin, Hyun Tae Lee, Heejin Lim, Sang Hyung Lee, Ji Young Son, Jee Un Lee, Ki-Young Yoo, Seong Eon Ryu, Jaejun Rhie, Ju Yeon Lee & Yong-Seok Heo Blocking B-cell activating factor (BAFF), an important soluble factor for B-cell responses, with specific antibodies is approved for treating autoimmune disorders. Here the authors show, with structural data, that antibody-BAFF interactions not only interrupt BAFF–receptor-binding, but also induce the formation of a less active BAFF polymer. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03620-2 Antibodies  Autoimmunity  Translational immunology  X-ray crystallography  A loop region of BAFF controls B cell survival and regulates recognition by different inhibitors OPEN Michele Vigolo , Melissa G. Chambers, Laure Willen, Dehlia Chevalley, Klaus Maskos, Alfred Lammens, Aubry Tardivel, Dolon Das, Christine Kowalczyk-Quintas, Sonia Schuepbach-Mallepell, Cristian R. Smulski, Mahya Eslami, Antonius Rolink, Edith Hummler, Eileen Samy, Yves Fomekong Nanfack, Fabienne Mackay, Maofu Liao, Henry Hess, Xuliang Jiang et al. BAFF is an important cytokine for B cell survival, and is a therapeutic target for autoimmune disorders. Here the authors show that a 'flap' region of BAFF converts BAFFR binding events into survival signals and, with structural data, that this ‘flap’ differentially modulates binding of drugs such as belimumab or atacicept. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03323-8 Autoimmune diseases  Translational immunology  Tumour-necrosis factors  X-ray crystallography  Mice lacking the mitochondrial exonuclease MGME1 accumulate mtDNA deletions without developing progeria OPEN Stanka Matic, Min Jiang, Thomas J. Nicholls, Jay P. Uhler, Caren Dirksen-Schwanenland, Paola Loguercio Polosa, Marie-Lune Simard, Xinping Li, Ilian Atanassov, Oliver Rackham, Aleksandra Filipovska, James B. Stewart, Maria Falkenberg, Nils-Göran Larsson & Dusanka Milenkovic It has been debated whether premature ageing in mitochondrial DNA mutator mice is driven by point mutations or deletions of mtDNA. Matic et al generate Mgme1 knockout mice and show here that these mice have tissue-specific replication stalling and accumulate deleted mtDNA, without developing progeria. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03552-x DNA  DNA replication  Genetics  The orphan GPR50 receptor promotes constitutive TGFβ receptor signaling and protects against cancer development OPEN Stefanie Wojciech , Raise Ahmad, Zakia Belaid-Choucair, Anne-Sophie Journé, Sarah Gallet, Julie Dam, Avais Daulat, Delphine Ndiaye-Lobry, Olivier Lahuna, Angeliki Karamitri, Jean-Luc Guillaume, Marcio Do Cruzeiro, François Guillonneau, Anastasia Saade, Nathalie Clément, Thomas Courivaud, Nawel Kaabi, Kenjiro Tadagaki, Philippe Delagrange, Vincent Prévot et al. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) regulates many cellular processes. Here the authors show that the orphan G-protein coupled receptor GPR50 can activate the TGFβ receptor I, in the absence of TGFβ, by stabilizing its active conformation and show antitumor activity in a mouse model of breast cancer. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03609-x Breast cancer  Cell signalling  A neuronal basis for fear discrimination in the lateral amygdala OPEN Anna Grosso, Giulia Santoni, Eugenio Manassero, Annamaria Renna & Benedetto Sacchetti When perceiving new stimuli, organisms need to distinguish between threats versus harmless stimuli. Here, the authors find a set of cells in the lateral amygdala that is required to discriminate or generalize new auditory stimuli based on similarity to previously fear-associate sounds. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03682-2 Amygdala  Fear conditioning  Fluorescence in situ hybridization  A tiny Triassic saurian from Connecticut and the early evolution of the diapsid feeding apparatus OPEN Adam C. Pritchard, Jacques A. Gauthier, Michael Hanson, Gabriel S. Bever & Bhart-Anjan S. Bhullar The Triassic fossil record is biased towards large species, obscuring the anatomical diversity of small species. Here, the authors describe a new species, Colobops noviportensis, based on a 2.5 cm-long skull with proportionally large attachments for jaw muscles, expanding the known diversity of early diapsids. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03508-1 Palaeoecology  Palaeontology  Coupling of oceanic carbon and nitrogen facilitates spatially resolved quantitative reconstruction of nitrate inventories OPEN Nicolaas Glock, Zeynep Erdem, Klaus Wallmann, Christopher J. Somes, Volker Liebetrau, Joachim Schönfeld, Stanislav Gorb & Anton Eisenhauer Understanding controls on past nitrogen budgets can improve predictions for future global biogeochemical cycling. Here, using foraminiferal pore density and δ13C, the authors present a quantitative record of deglacial nitrate from the intermediate Pacific and infer close coupling between carbon and nitrogen cycles. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03647-5 Marine chemistry  Palaeoceanography  Degradation of blue-phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices involves exciton-induced generation of polaron pair within emitting layers OPEN Sinheui Kim, Hye Jin Bae, Sangho Park, Wook Kim, Joonghyuk Kim, Jong Soo Kim, Yongsik Jung, Soohwan Sul, Soo-Ghang Ihn, Changho Noh, Sunghan Kim & Youngmin You The short lifetime of blue-phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices owing to material degradation impedes their practical potential. Here, Kim et al. study the molecular mechanism of the degradation that involves exciton-mediated electron transfer as a key step for the generation of radical ion pairs. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03602-4 Design, synthesis and processing  Electronic devices  A biochemical network controlling basal myosin oscillation OPEN Xiang Qin, Edouard Hannezo, Thomas Mangeat, Chang Liu, Pralay Majumder, Jiaying Liu, Valerie Choesmel-Cadamuro, Jocelyn A. McDonald, Yiyao Liu, Bin Yi & Xiaobo Wang The actomyosin cytoskeleton is known to spontaneously oscillate in many systems but the mechanism of this behavior is not clear. Here Qin et al. define a signaling network involving a ROCK-dependent self-activation loop and recruitment of myosin II to the cortex, followed by a local accumulation of myosin phosphatase that shuts off the signal. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03574-5 Computational biophysics  Morphogenesis  Myosin  Time-dependent memory transformation along the hippocampal anterior–posterior axis OPEN Lisa C. Dandolo & Lars Schwabe Detailed memories are transformed into gist-like memories over time. Here, the authors report that this change is linked to a time-dependent reorganization within the hippocampus, such that anterior activity supporting memory specificity declines over time while posterior activity patterns carrying gist representations remain more stable. 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03661-7 Hippocampus  Learning and memory  Psychology  Engineering enhanced cellobiohydrolase activity OPEN Larry E. Taylor II, Brandon C. Knott, John O. Baker, P. Markus Alahuhta, Sarah E. Hobdey, Jeffrey G. Linger, Vladimir V. Lunin, Antonella Amore, Venkataramanan Subramanian, Kara Podkaminer, Qi Xu, Todd A. VanderWall, Logan A. Schuster, Yogesh B. Chaudhari, William S. Adney, Michael F. Crowley, Michael E. Himmel, Stephen R. Decker & Gregg T. Beckham Cellobiohydrolases (CBHs) are critical for natural and industrial biomass degradation but their structure–activity relationships are not fully understood. Here, the authors present the biochemical and structural characterization of two CBHs, identifying protein regions that confer enhanced CBH activity. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03501-8 Hydrolases  Polysaccharides  Protein design  X-ray crystallography  Ruthenium(II)-enabled para-selective C–H difluoromethylation of anilides and their derivatives OPEN Chunchen Yuan, Lei Zhu, Changpeng Chen, Xiaolan Chen, Yong Yang, Yu Lan & Yingsheng Zhao Selective para-functionalization of substituted arenes is a formidable challenge in homogeneous catalysis. Here, the authors achieved the para-selective C-H difluoromethylation of anilides, indolines and tetrahydroquinolines with a ruthenium catalyst in good yields and apply it to the synthesis of bioactive compounds. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03341-6 Homogeneous catalysis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Reaction mechanisms  High-capacity optical long data memory based on enhanced Young’s modulus in nanoplasmonic hybrid glass composites OPEN Qiming Zhang, Zhilin Xia, Yi-Bing Cheng & Min Gu Storing and reading data for long periods of time is of huge interest. Here, the authors demonstrate long optical data memory with nanoplasmonic hybrid glass composites. They show continuous multi-level recording and reading with a capacity over 10 terabytes with no change of the baseline over 600 years. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03589-y Nanoparticles  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Optical data storage  Adsorption-based atmospheric water harvesting device for arid climates OPEN Hyunho Kim, Sameer R. Rao, Eugene A. Kapustin, Lin Zhao, Sungwoo Yang, Omar M. Yaghi & Evelyn N. Wang Harvesting water from the atmosphere is an important solution to water scarcity, but doing so in arid climates is highly challenging. Here, the authors develop a metal-organic framework-based water harvesting device that can deliver over 0.25 L of water per kg of adsorbent over a single cycle at relative humidities of 10–40% and at subzero dew points. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03162-7 Chemical engineering  Mechanical engineering  Metal–organic frameworks  Solar energy  An AP-MS- and BioID-compatible MAC-tag enables comprehensive mapping of protein interactions and subcellular localizations OPEN Xiaonan Liu, Kari Salokas, Fitsum Tamene, Yaming Jiu, Rigbe G. Weldatsadik, Tiina Öhman & Markku Varjosalo AP-MS and BioID provide complementary insights into cellular protein interaction networks. To facilitate their combined use, the authors here present an AP-MS- and BioID-compatible affinity tag, enabling efficient determination of cellular protein locations and interaction distances. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03523-2 Mass spectrometry  Organelles  Protein–protein interaction networks  Structural biology  BEARscc determines robustness of single-cell clusters using simulated technical replicates OPEN D. T. Severson, R. P. Owen, M. J. White, X. Lu & B. Schuster-Böckler Single cell messenger RNAseq allows the study of heterogeneity in tissue samples. Here the authors present BEARscc, a tool that uses RNA spike-in controls to simulate experiment-specific technical replicates to estimate the robustness of computational predictions of subpopulations of cells. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03608-y Bioinformatics  RNA sequencing  Surface tension-assisted additive manufacturing OPEN Héloïse Ragelle, Mark W. Tibbitt, Shang-Yun Wu, Michael A. Castillo, George Z. Cheng, Sidharta P. Gangadharan, Daniel G. Anderson, Michael J. Cima & Robert Langer Integrating cell-laden hydrogels effectively into the 3D printing process is a challenge in the creation of tissue engineering scaffolds. Here, the authors describe an additive manufacturing technique to combine polymer and cell-containing networks with 3D-printed mechanical supports. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03391-w Biomaterials – cells  Biomedical engineering  Tissue engineering  Cryo-EM structure of the polycystic kidney disease-like channel PKD2L1 OPEN Qiang Su, Feizhuo Hu, Yuxia Liu, Xiaofei Ge, Changlin Mei, Shengqiang Yu, Aiwen Shen, Qiang Zhou, Chuangye Yan, Jianlin Lei, Yanqing Zhang, Xiaodong Liu & Tingliang Wang Polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1 protein (PKD2L1) is a voltage-dependent calcium-dependent nonselective ion channel involved in sour taste perception and regulation of pH-dependent action potential of spinal cord neurons. Here the authors present the 3.4 Å cryo-EM structure of PKD2L1 in the open state and propose a model for the gating mechanism. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03606-0 Calcium channels  Cryoelectron microscopy  Asymmetric synthesis of γ-branched amines via rhodium-catalyzed reductive amination OPEN Zhao Wu, Summer D. Laffoon & Kami L. Hull Biologically active compounds often contain a chiral centre in proximity of amine groups. Here, the authors developed a strategy involving asymmetric isomerization of allylic amines, enamine exchange and chemoselective reduction for the one-pot highly enantioselective synthesis of gamma-branched amines. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03535-y Asymmetric catalysis  Catalytic mechanisms  Homogeneous catalysis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Studying an antiaromatic polycyclic hydrocarbon adsorbed on different surfaces OPEN Zsolt Majzik, Niko Pavliček, Manuel Vilas-Varela, Dolores Pérez, Nikolaj Moll, Enrique Guitián, Gerhard Meyer, Diego Peña & Leo Gross Indeno[1,2-b]fluorene (IF) is an extremely reactive polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbon with antiaromatic character, thus it has not been detected to date. Here, the authors present the successful generation and characterisation of IF both on-surface and in-solution. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03368-9 Electronic properties and materials  Scanning probe microscopy  Structure elucidation  Molecular basis of binding between the global post-transcriptional regulator CsrA and the T3SS chaperone CesT OPEN Fei Ye, Fanli Yang, Ruijie Yu, Xi Lin, Jianxun Qi, Zhujun Chen, Yu Cao, Yuquan Wei, George F. Gao & Guangwen Lu CesT is a type III secretion system chaperone that interacts with the post-transcriptional regulator CsrA, which is important for the modulation of post-attachment signaling in enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Here the authors present the structure of the CsrA/CesT complex and propose a mechanism for CsrA-modulation by CesT. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03625-x Pathogens  X-ray crystallography  Low ocean-floor rises regulate subpolar sea surface temperature by forming baroclinic jets OPEN H. Mitsudera, T. Miyama, H. Nishigaki, T. Nakanowatari, H. Nishikawa, T. Nakamura, T. Wagawa, R. Furue, Y. Fujii & S. Ito Sea surface temperature fronts in mid-and-high latitudes give significant impacts on atmospheric circulations and climate. Here, the authors uncover a new mechanism on the sea surface front genesis in the subpolar oceans in which small-amplitude bottom topography is surprisingly effective. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03526-z Fluid dynamics  Physical oceanography  Isolation of diborenes and their 90°-twisted diradical congeners OPEN Julian Böhnke, Theresa Dellermann, Mehmet Ali Celik, Ivo Krummenacher, Rian D. Dewhurst, Serhiy Demeshko, William C. Ewing, Kai Hammond, Merlin Heß, Eckhard Bill, Eileen Welz, Merle I. S. Röhr, Roland Mitrić, Bernd Engels, Franc Meyer & Holger Braunschweig Attempts to bend and twist multiple bonds in order to alter their reactivities have thus far been met with only modest success. Here, Braunschweig and colleagues isolate double-bond-containing boron-based species and their 90°-twisted diradical analogs, thanks to their stabilization with Lewis basic units. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-02998-3 Chemical bonding  Organometallic chemistry  PHA-4/FoxA senses nucleolar stress to regulate lipid accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans OPEN Jieyu Wu, Xue Jiang, Yamei Li, Tingting Zhu, Jingjing Zhang, Zhiguo Zhang, Linqiang Zhang, Yuru Zhang, Yanli Wang, Xiaoju Zou & Bin Liang Nucleolar stress can disrupt ribosome biogenesis and in turn energy metabolism and lipid storage, but how this is regulated is unclear. Here, the authors show in C. elegans that the transcription factor PHA-4/FOXA acts as a sensor for nucleolar stress and can regulate expression of lipogenic genes 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03531-2 Metabolism  Stress signalling  Dop1 enhances conspecific olfactory attraction by inhibiting miR-9a maturation in locusts OPEN Xiaojiao Guo, Zongyuan Ma, Baozhen Du, Ting Li, Wudi Li, Lingling Xu, Jing He & Le Kang Migratory locusts shift between aggregating together during gregarious phases and living individually during solitary phases. Here, the authors find that the D1-like dopamine receptor regulates the olfactory attraction underlying this behavioral switch via microRNA-9a and adenylyl cyclase. 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03437-z Gene regulation  Molecular neuroscience  Non-coding RNAs  Social behaviour      Latest Correspondence       Correspondence: Reply to ‘Challenging a proposed role for TRPC5 in aortic baroreceptor pressure-sensing’ OPEN On-Chai Lau, Bing Shen, Ching-On Wong & Xiaoqiang Yao 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02704-9 Cell biology  Protein transport  Correspondence: Challenging a proposed role for TRPC5 in aortic baroreceptor pressure-sensing OPEN Pratish Thakore, Susan D. Brain & David J. Beech 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02703-w Cell biology  Hypertension  Protein transport      Latest Addendum       Addendum: Access to stereodefined (Z)-allylsilanes and (Z)-allylic alcohols via cobalt-catalyzed regioselective hydrosilylation of allenes OPEN Chao Wang, Wei Jie Teo & Shaozhong Ge 27 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03605-1 Catalytic mechanisms  Homogeneous catalysis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Organometallic chemistry      Latest Author Correction       Author Correction: Myoblasts and macrophages are required for therapeutic morpholino antisense oligonucleotide delivery to dystrophic muscle OPEN James S. Novak, Marshall W. Hogarth, Jessica F. Boehler, Marie Nearing, Maria C. Vila, Raul Heredia, Alyson A. Fiorillo, Aiping Zhang, Yetrib Hathout, Eric P. Hoffman, Jyoti K. Jaiswal, Kanneboyina Nagaraju, Sebahattin Cirak & Terence A. Partridge 23 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03709-8 Drug delivery  Macrophages  Neuromuscular disease  Skeletal muscle      Latest Publisher Correction       Publisher Correction: Ultrafast quantum beats of anisotropic excitons in atomically thin ReS2 OPEN Sangwan Sim, Doeon Lee, Artur V. Trifonov, Taeyoung Kim, Soonyoung Cha, Ji Ho Sung, Sungjun Cho, Wooyoung Shim, Moon-Ho Jo & Hyunyong Choi 22 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03558-5 Two-dimensional materials  Ultrafast photonics      Advertisement Nature Outlook: Climate Change  Discover how scientists that are tired of inaction on climate change are seeking technical and political solutions to a truly global problem.  Access the Outlook free online for six months   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. 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