EMBO reports Table of Contents for March 2018; Vol. 19, No. 3

March 2018 | Volume 19, Number 3 Submit Table of Contents News & Views Science & Society Review Scientific Reports Articles Volume 19, Number 3 News & Views p13 protects against Parkinson's disease The mitochondrial protein p13 directly interacts with mitochondrial complex I and p13 knockdown confers resistance to toxin‐induced acute Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Jorge S Valadas and Patrik Verstreken Published online 19.02.2018 Trimming it short: PNLDC1 is required for piRNA maturation during mouse spermatogenesis Thus far, the enzyme that is required for piRNA 3′ end maturation during mouse spermatogenesis remained unknown. Three recent studies now show that PNLDC1 is required for piRNA 3′ end formation in mouse testis at different developmental stages and thus establish PNLDC1 as the 3′ Trimmer in mouse. Alfred W Bronkhorst and René F Ketting Published online 19.02.2018 When TRBP leaves Dicer at the alt‐’ER In neurons, the miRNA‐generating complex associates with the ER. BDNF‐mediated release of TRBP from this complex reduces miR‐16 production, increases translation of miR‐16 targets and increases neuronal dendrite growth. Eran Hornstein Published online 19.02.2018 Science & Society Attention, attention: your most valuable scientific assets are under attack: How digital contraptions and online accounts are contributing to academic attention deficit disorder Social media, online accounts and other digital contraptions relentlessly nibble away time and attention that would be better spent on science. We need to learn how to master these devices and software for our own needs rather than being constantly distracted. David R Smith Published online 24.01.2018 Dihydrofolate reductase and membrane translocation: evolution of a classic experiment: Classic landmark papers, irrespective of their age, can teach students how best science is practiced and inspire new experiments Landmark papers, even if they seem outdated, can still stimulate contemporary research and experiments to address new questions. Here is the tale of a classical experiment that inspired research over three decades. André Schneider Published online 19.02.2018 Where does public funding for cancer research go: Allocation of research funding for cancer and COPD is not always proportional to disease burden Public funding for research into cancer or other diseases should match public health needs and disease prevalence. In reality, however, other factors influence the allocation of disease‐specific research funding. Anthi Trasta Published online 19.02.2018 Uncharted waters: Next‐generation sequencing and machine learning software allow forensic science to expand into phenotype prediction from DNA samples Forensic biology uses next generation sequencing and DNA methylation to predict phenotypes from crime scene samples. These techniques also allow forensic analysis of non‐human DNA and new applications for protecting endangered species. Philip Hunter Published online 01.02.2018 Review Perturbing mitosis for anti‐cancer therapy: is cell death the only answer? Arresting cells in mitosis is very successful as cancer treatment, but it remains unclear how clinical responses are achieved. This review discusses mechanisms controlling cell death in mitosis, and how clinical efficacy of anti‐mitotic drugs comes about and could be improved. Manuel Haschka, Gerlinde Karbon, Luca L Fava and Andreas Villunger Published online 19.02.2018 Scientific Reports Knockdown of the mitochondria‐localized protein p13 protects against experimental parkinsonism The mitochondrial protein p13 directly interacts with mitochondrial complex I. p13 knockdown confers resistance to toxin‐induced acute Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Naoki Inoue, Sae Ogura, Atsushi Kasai, Takanobu Nakazawa, Kazuya Ikeda, Shintaro Higashi, Ayako Isotani, Kousuke Baba, Hideki Mochizuki, Harutoshi Fujimura, Yukio Ago, Atsuko Hayata‐Takano, Kaoru Seiriki, Yusuke Shintani, Norihito Shintani and Hitoshi Hashimoto Published online 25.01.2018 PNLDC1, mouse pre‐piRNA Trimmer, is required for meiotic and post‐meiotic male germ cell development PNLDC1 is the mouse Trimmer for piRNAs, a class of small non‐coding RNAs. PNLDC1 function is essential for the development of mouse male germ cells. Toru Nishimura, Ippei Nagamori, Tsunetoshi Nakatani, Natsuko Izumi, Yukihide Tomari, Satomi Kuramochi‐Miyagawa and Toru Nakano Published online 14.02.2018 Articles tRNA production links nutrient conditions to the onset of sexual differentiation through the TORC1 pathway Schizosaccharomyces pombe TORC1 inhibits sexual differentiation under nutrient‐rich conditions. Here, tRNA precursors are shown to regulate TORC1 activity in response to nitrogen availability. Yoko Otsubo, Tomohiko Matsuo, Akiko Nishimura, Masayuki Yamamoto and Akira Yamashita Published online 12.01.2018 The dynamic recruitment of TRBP to neuronal membranes mediates dendritogenesis during development In neurons, the miRNA‐generating complex associates with the ER. BDNF‐mediated release of TRBP from this complex reduces miR‐16 production, increases translation of miR‐16 targets and increases neuronal dendrite growth. Anna Antoniou, Sharof Khudayberdiev, Agata Idziak, Silvia Bicker, Ralf Jacob and Gerhard Schratt Published online 20.12.2017 Mitochondrial tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 2 and its TDP2S short isoform TDP2 repairs stalled topoisomerase II cleavage complexes. Full‐length TDP2 acts both in the nucleus and mitochondria while the short isoform TDP2S, which contains a mitochondrial targeting sequence and lacks a nuclear localization signal, acts in mitochondria. Shar‐yin N Huang, Ilaria Dalla Rosa, Stephanie A Michaels, David V Tulumello, Keli Agama, Salim Khiati, Sae Rin Jean, Simone A Baechler, Valentina M Factor, Sudhir Varma, Junko Murai, Lisa M Miller Jenkins, Shana O Kelley and Yves Pommier Published online 09.02.2018 Fast neurogenesis from carotid body quiescent neuroblasts accelerates adaptation to hypoxia The carotid body facilitates adaptation to hypoxia by producing new O2‐sensitive neuron‐like glomus cells. This process is accelerated by a resident population of quiescent neuroblasts, which proliferate and complete maturation into glomus cells in response to hypoxia and niche signaling. Verónica Sobrino, Patricia González‐Rodríguez, Valentina Annese, José López‐Barneo and Ricardo Pardal Published online 15.01.2018 Differential roles of ERRFI1 in EGFR and AKT pathway regulation affect cancer proliferation The ERBB receptor inhibitor ERRFI1 regulates AKT/EGFR signaling in an EGFR‐dependent manner. In EGFR‐low cells, ERRFI1 activates AKT by blocking the PHLPP‐AKT interaction. In EGFR‐high cells, ERRFI1 functions as a negative regulator of the EGFR pathway. Junmei Cairns, Brooke L Fridley, Gregory D Jenkins, Yongxian Zhuang, Jia Yu and Liewei Wang Published online 15.01.2018 Che‐1 is targeted by c‐Myc to sustain proliferation in pre‐B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia The RNA polymerase II‐binding protein Che‐1 is highly expressed at the onset of pediatric BCP‐ALL, but is down‐regulated with c‐Myc during remission. Che‐1 sustains c‐Myc‐dependent blast cells by directly regulating an overlapping set of cell proliferation genes. Valentina Folgiero, Cristina Sorino, Matteo Pallocca, Francesca De Nicola, Frauke Goeman, Valentina Bertaina, Luisa Strocchio, Paolo Romania, Angela Pitisci, Simona Iezzi, Valeria Catena, Tiziana Bruno, Georgios Strimpakos, Claudio Passananti, Elisabetta Mattei, Giovanni Blandino, Franco Locatelli and Maurizio Fanciulli Published online 24.01.2018 FBXL13 directs the proteolysis of CEP192 to regulate centrosome homeostasis and cell migration FBXL13 is a novel centrosomal E3 ubiquitin ligase, which targets CEP192 for ubiquitin‐mediated degradation to regulate microtubule nucleation activity as well as cell motility. Ella Fung, Carmen Richter, Hong‐Bin Yang, Isabell Schäffer, Roman Fischer, Benedikt M Kessler, Florian Bassermann and Vincenzo D'Angiolella Published online 18.01.2018 Loss of mitochondrial protease ClpP protects mice from diet‐induced obesity and insulin resistance Mitochondrial matrix protease ClpP is proposed to play an important role in the initiation of mammalian mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). This study reveals that ClpP deficiency in mice has paradoxical beneficial effects on metabolism and ClpP might be dispensable for mammalian UPRmt initiation. Shylesh Bhaskaran, Gavin Pharaoh, Rojina Ranjit, Ashley Murphy, Satoshi Matsuzaki, Binoj C Nair, Brittany Forbes, Suzana Gispert, Georg Auburger, Kenneth M Humphries, Michael Kinter, Timothy M Griffin and Sathyaseelan S Deepa Published online 02.02.2018 Small interfering RNAs based on huntingtin trinucleotide repeats are highly toxic to cancer cells Trinucleotide repeat disorders like Huntington's disease show severe neurological pathologies, but are also characterised by reduced cancer susceptibility. siRNAs based on trinucleotide repeats show specific toxicity against cancer cells, explaining the low cancer incidence in triple repeat diseases. Andrea E Murmann, Quan Q Gao, William E Putzbach, Monal Patel, Elizabeth T Bartom, Calvin Y Law, Bryan Bridgeman, Siquan Chen, Kaylin M McMahon, C Shad Thaxton and Marcus E Peter Published online 12.02.2018   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. 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