Nature Neuroscience Contents: December 2017 Volume 20 Number 12

If you are unable to see the message below, click here to view.

Advertisement Sputtered Metal Deep-UV Interference Filters Manufactured using single substrates of UV-grade fused silica and backed by warranty, these filters are available in 11 different passbands in a wide range of sizes, from 2mm-200mm. Laser damage thresholds >0.15 J/cm2 using a 355 nm laser (10 ns pulse, 10 Hz), and suffer no degradation after 2 hours @ 300 C.  www.chroma.com TABLE OF CONTENTS December 2017 Volume 20, Issue 12 News & Views Comment Review Articles Brief Communications Articles Resources Technical Reports Advertisement   Frontiers of discovery in cognitive and computational neuroscience The MIT Press is publishing the latest pathbreaking research on topics ranging from neural data analysis to the effects of cannabinoids on the brain. We also translate these findings for the general reader, with accessible books on the distracted mind, the awesome brain, the neuroscience of mindfulness, and more. Discover MIT Press Books Advertisement Animation on CRISPR: Gene editing and beyond  The CRISPR-Cas9 system has revolutionised gene editing, but cutting DNA isn?t all it can do. This Animation, from Nature Methods, explores where CRISPR might be headed next.  Watch the Animation >>   Produced with support from:  Dharmacon    Advertisement Nature Outlook: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis  ALS is mysterious and deadly, but new discoveries and treatments bring hope.  Access the Outlook today >> Produced with support from  Biogen   BrainStorm   Cytokinetics  Funded by a grant from  Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, Inc.    Advertisement Is your organization planning a scientific event or conference for 2018? Looking for a way to increase the number of attendees? Advertise in the Natureevents Directory 2018. Available online and in print. Ad close deadline: 4 December, 2017   News &Views Top The underdog pathway gets a boost    pp1655 - 1656 Brian B. Jeon & Sandra J. Kuhlman doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0019-7 An opening for humor in melancholy    pp1657 - 1658 E. David Leonardo & Alex Dranovsky doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0015-y Breaking down a meal    pp1659 - 1660 Mathias Pessiglione & Antonius Wiehler doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0016-x Nature Neuroscience JOBS of the week Junior and Senior Faculty Positions at the Department of Biology, SUSTech Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Postdoctoral fellow / Research Associate in Developmental Neurobiology SUNY Upstate Medical College Multiple Faculty Positions at ShanghaiTech University ShanghaiTech University Instructor / Assistant / Associate Professor of Neurology Massachuesetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School Group leader position open at the ICM ICM Foundation â€" Brain and spinal cord research Institute More Science jobs from Nature Neuroscience EVENT Summer Program in Neuroscience, Excellence and Success 14 June - 5 July 2018 USA More science events from Comment Top Whole genome sequencing in psychiatric disorders: the WGSPD consortium    pp1661 - 1668 Stephan J. Sanders, Benjamin M. Neale, Hailiang Huang, Donna M. Werling, Joon-Yong An et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0017-9 Review Articles Top Thalamic functions in distributed cognitive control    pp1669 - 1679 Michael M. Halassa & Sabine Kastner doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0020-1 The authors propose a new framework for the thalamus in cognition. They review findings from rodents and primates, emphasizing thalamic control of functional cortical connectivity, its putative mechanisms and role in flexible construction of task-relevant cortical networks. Brief Communications Top The central amygdala controls learning in the lateral amygdala    pp1680 - 1685 Kai Yu, Sandra Ahrens, Xian Zhang, Hillary Schiff, Charu Ramakrishnan et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0009-9 The authors show that PKC-δ-expressing neurons in the central amygdala, are essential for synaptic plasticity underlying learning in the lateral amygdala, as they convey information about unconditioned stimulus to the lateral amygdala as a teaching signal. Articles Top Activation of planarian TRPA1 by reactive oxygen species reveals a conserved mechanism for animal nociception    pp1686 - 1693 Oscar M. Arenas, Emanuela E. Zaharieva, Alessia Para, Constanza Vásquez-Doorman, Christian P. Petersen et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0005-0 Animals must detect noxious stimuli to initiate protective behavior, but the evolutionary origin of nociceptive systems is poorly understood. The authors reveal a core function for TRPA1 in noxious heat transduction based on sensing H2O2 and ROS and demonstrate its conservation from planarians to humans. Arid1b haploinsufficiency disrupts cortical interneuron development and mouse behavior    pp1694 - 1707 Eui-Man Jung, Jeffrey Jay Moffat, Jinxu Liu, Shashank Manohar Dravid, Channabasavaiah Basavaraju Gurumurthy et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0013-0 Arid1b haploinsufficiency causes autism and intellectual disability, yet the neurobiological basis of this is unknown. The authors demonstrate that Arid1b-heterozygous mice have impaired cortical interneuron development and epigenetic signatures. These mice also have cognitive and social deficits, which are reversed by treatment with a GABAA-receptor-positive allosteric modulator. Lateral geniculate neurons projecting to primary visual cortex show ocular dominance plasticity in adult mice    pp1708 - 1714 Juliane Jaepel, Mark Hübener, Tobias Bonhoeffer & Tobias Rose doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0021-0 Experience-dependent plasticity in the visual system has widely been considered to be exclusively cortical. Using chronic two-photon Ca2+imaging of individual thalamic boutons, Jaepel et al. now report that dLGN cells projecting to mouse visual cortex show pronounced ocular dominance plasticity after monocular deprivation. Thalamic inhibition regulates critical-period plasticity in visual cortex and thalamus    pp1715 - 1721 Jean-Pierre Sommeijer, Mehran Ahmadlou, M. Hadi Saiepour, Koen Seignette, Rogier Min et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0002-3 The critical period of ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in the visual cortex is initiated by maturation of inhibition. The authors show that thalamic relay neurons in mouse dorsolateral geniculate nucleus also undergo OD plasticity. This process depends on thalamic inhibition and is required for consolidating the OD shift in visual cortex. Oxytocin-receptor-expressing neurons in the parabrachial nucleus regulate fluid intake    pp1722 - 1733 Philip J. Ryan, Silvano I. Ross, Carlos A. Campos, Victor A. Derkach & Richard D. Palmiter doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0014-z The authors show that oxytocin-receptor-expressing neurons in the parabrachial nucleus are key regulators of fluid homeostasis that suppress fluid intake when activated, but do not decrease food intake after fasting or salt intake after salt depletion. A craniofacial-specific monosynaptic circuit enables heightened affective pain    pp1734 - 1743 Erica Rodriguez, Katsuyasu Sakurai, Jennie Xu, Yong Chen, Koji Toda et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0012-1 The authors show that unlike body sensory neurons, craniofacial nociceptive neurons directly synapse with noxious-stimulus-activated lateral parabrachial neurons (PBL), which in turn project to multiple limbic centers processing emotions and affects. This monosynaptic pathway is both sufficient and necessary for craniofacial-pain-activated aversive behaviors. Altered cerebellar connectivity in autism and cerebellar-mediated rescue of autism-related behaviors in mice    pp1744 - 1751 Catherine J. Stoodley, Anila M. D'Mello, Jacob Ellegood, Vikram Jakkamsetti, Pei Liu et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0004-1 Cerebellar right Crus I (RCrusI) has been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). RCrusI modulation altered RCrusI–inferior parietal lobule connectivity, and this connectivity was atypical in children with ASD and in a TscI mouse model of ASD. Inhibition of RCrusI in mice led to autism-related behaviors, and RCrusI activation rescued social impairments in TscI mice. Social stress induces neurovascular pathology promoting depression    pp1752 - 1760 Caroline Menard, Madeline L. Pfau, Georgia E. Hodes, Veronika Kana, Victoria X. Wang et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0010-3 Chronic social defeat stress induces loss of protein claudin-5, leading to abnormalities in blood vessel morphology, increased blood brain barrier permeability, infiltration of immune signals and depression-like behaviors. Weak correlations between hemodynamic signals and ongoing neural activity during the resting state    pp1761 - 1769 Aaron T. Winder, Christina Echagarruga, Qingguang Zhang & Patrick J. Drew doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0007-y The relationship of resting-state hemodynamics signals to ongoing neural activity is poorly understood. Using optical imaging, electrophysiology, and local pharmacological infusions, Winder et al. found that resting hemodynamic signals were weakly correlated with neural activity and that these hemodynamic fluctuations persisted when neural activity was silenced. Mixed selectivity morphs population codes in prefrontal cortex    pp1770 - 1779 Aishwarya Parthasarathy, Roger Herikstad, Jit Hon Bong, Felipe Salvador Medina, Camilo Libedinsky et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0003-2 Neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex (but not the frontal eye fields) appear to maintain working memory information when disrupted by a transient distractor, not by using an immutable persistent code but by morphing from one persistent code to another. This code-morphing may provide the lateral prefrontal cortex with cognitive flexibility. Elucidating the underlying components of food valuation in the human orbitofrontal cortex    pp1780 - 1786 Shinsuke Suzuki, Logan Cross & John P. O'Doherty doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0008-x Suzuki et al. found that food valuation is related to beliefs about nutritive attributes. Functional MRI revealed these attribute codes in lateral orbitofrontal cortex, suggesting a mechanism by which value signals are constructed from constituent attributes. Advertisement Open for Submissions An interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing high-quality open research relevant to all aspects of schizophrenia and psychosis.   Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article   Resources Top A multiregional proteomic survey of the postnatal human brain    pp1787 - 1795 Becky C. Carlyle, Robert R. Kitchen, Jean E. Kanyo, Edward Z. Voss, Mihovil Pletikos et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0011-2 Quantitative mass spectrometry was used to produce a proteomic survey of postnatal human brain regions. Compared to matched RNA-seq, protein levels showed more regional variation, especially for membrane-associated proteins in the neocortex. Technical Reports Top Temporally precise single-cell-resolution optogenetics    pp1796 - 1806 Or A. Shemesh, Dimitrii Tanese, Valeria Zampini, Changyang Linghu, Kiryl Piatkevich et al. doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0018-8 The authors develop a methods suite for millisecond-precise, single-cell-resolution control of neural activity through protein engineering of novel opsin/trafficking sequence combinations, as well as optimized holographic two-photon optics. Advertisement Nature Reviews Disease Primers — Stay updated  Nature Reviews Disease Primers covers all medical specialties, already having published on more than 120 diseases and disorders since launching in 2015. With such a comprehensive article collection, our e-alerts are the perfect solution to stay updated on the latest content published by the journal.  Register for the e-alert     Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: www.nature.com/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant) For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscription department For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department Springer Nature | One New York Plaza, Suite 4500 | New York | NY 10004-1562 | USA Springer Nature's worldwide offices: London - Paris - Munich - New Delhi - Tokyo - Melbourne San Diego - San Francisco - Washington - New York - Boston Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW. © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All Rights Reserved.