Science X Newsletter Monday, Sep 25

Dear Reader ,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for September 25, 2017:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

New type of supercomputer could be based on 'magic dust' combination of light and matter

Researchers analyze chemical composition of the newly discovered star cluster Gaia 1

Best of Last Week – New type of guitar string, looking for vanadium on Mars and US teens behind those of the 70s

Mentioning what is hard to mention in chatbot for end-of-life preparation

Shark fin bans might not help sharks, scientists say

For a better 'I,' there needs to be a supportive 'we'

Fish have complex personalities, research shows

University team works on extract system to help keep tabs on civilians killed by police

MRI contrast agent locates and distinguishes aggressive from slow-growing breast cancer

Brain guides body much sooner than previously believed

Largest study to date reveals gender-specific risk of autism occurrence among siblings

Antibody protects against Zika and dengue, mouse study shows

Overturning widely held ideas: Visual attention drawn to meaning, not what stands out

Study identifies likely scenarios for global spread of devastating crop disease

World's botanic gardens contain a third of all known plant species, and help protect the most threatened

Astronomy & Space news

	Researchers analyze chemical composition of the newly discovered star cluster Gaia 1 (Phys.org)—A team of astronomers led by Andreas Koch of the Lancaster University, U.K., has recently conducted a detailed chemical abundance study of the recently discovered star cluster Gaia 1. The research, published Sept. 12 on arXiv.org, offers new insights into the nature of this newly found cluster.
	Oxygen-deficient dwarf galaxy hints at makings of early universe A recently discovered dwarf galaxy in the constellation Lynx may serve well as a proxy for better understanding the developing chemistry of the early universe, according to a research team that includes University of Virginia astronomers.
Classified US spy satellite launched from California A spy satellite for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office has been launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
	Australia to create national space agency Australia on Monday committed to creating a national space agency as it looks to cash in on the lucrative and fast-evolving astronautical sector.
	Crash scene investigation reveals resting place of SMART-1 impact Observations of the moon have revealed the final resting place of the European Space Agency's first lunar mission, SMART-1. The spacecraft was sent into a controlled impact with the lunar surface 11 years ago. Although an impact flash was imaged at the time by the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on the dark side of the boundary between night and day on the lunar surface, the exact location had not been identified until now. Results have been presented today at the European Planetary Science Congress (EPSC) 2017 in Riga.
	Image: Rosetta's ever-changing view of a comet These 210 images reflect Rosetta's ever-changing view of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko between July 2014 and September 2016.
	Image: Soaring over Jupiter This striking image of Jupiter was captured by NASA's Juno spacecraft as it performed its eighth flyby of the gas giant planet.
	Georgia State makes massive NASA solar dataset available to researchers Georgia State University researchers have compiled a large solar dataset from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), making several hundred thousand solar events found on high-resolution solar images available to the public.

Technology news

	Mentioning what is hard to mention in chatbot for end-of-life preparation (Tech Xplore)—Talking about the unthinkable for patients facing death is never easy. End-of-life planning is the phrase often used, softening the concept of death, but the task remains painful for the patient, family and friends.
	University team works on extract system to help keep tabs on civilians killed by police (Tech Xplore)—Incidents of people who died during police encounters from news reports can be read, so to speak, by an AI system.
	NASA tests first 3-D printed rocket engine part made with two different alloys Engineers at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, tested NASA's first 3-D printed rocket engine prototype part made of two different metal alloys through an innovative advanced manufacturing process. NASA has been making and evaluating durable 3-D printed rocket parts made of one metal, but the technique of 3-D printing, or additive manufacturing, with more than one metal is more difficult.
	Engineers explore origami to create folding spacecraft An ancient art form has taken on new shape at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
	Broadcom announces development of more precise GPS chip (Tech Xplore)—Broadcom Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Avago Technologies, has announced the development of a new GPS chip, the BCM47755, which the company claims is far more accurate than the conventional chips now used in smartphones. The new chip, the company claims, offers accuracy to 30 centimeters, a marked improvement over the current 5-meter standard. They have also announced that the chip will be included with some new smartphones as early as next year.
	Goodbye, login. Hello, heart scan. Forget fingerprint computer identification or retinal scanning. A University at Buffalo-led team has developed a computer security system using the dimensions of your heart as your identifier.
	Click beetles inspire design of self-righting robots Robots perform many tasks that humans can't or don't want to perform, getting around on intricately designed wheels and limbs. If they tip over, however, they are rendered almost useless. A team of University of Illinois mechanical engineers and entomologists are looking to click beetles, who can right themselves without the use of their legs, to solve this robotics challenge.
	Move over, Mario: Researchers use Wii games to help Parkinson's patients A pair of Purdue University professors are using the popular Nintendo Wii gaming system to help people with Parkinson's disease. Jessica Huber and Jeff Haddad from the College of Health and Human Sciences are studying how playing specially created games can improve a patient's movement, speech and overall quality of life.
	Driverless hover-taxi makes first 'concept' flight in Dubai Dubai has edged closer to its goal of launching a pioneering hover-taxi service, with the authorities announcing a successful "concept" flight was made on Monday without passengers.
	Google weaves touch controls into Levi Strauss jacket Levi Strauss this week begins selling a denim jacket with touch controls woven into the fabric in the first fashion offering stitched from a collaboration with Google.
	Federal government notifies 21 states of election hacking The federal government on Friday told election officials in 21 states that hackers targeted their systems before last year's presidential election.
	Google looking to help news outlets win subscribers Google is seeking ways to help publishers win paying subscribers for news stories, a person close to the matter told AFP.
	London mayor: Uber to blame for loss of license in city London's mayor said Saturday that people angry about the decision by transit authorities to strip Uber of its license to operate in the city should blame the ride-hailing company itself.
	Debate swirls as power of US tech giants grows With a handful of US technology giants growing more powerful and dominant, debate is intensifying on whether big tech's growth is healthy or not.
	Obama personally warned Zuckberberg over fake news: report Former US President Barack Obama personally urged Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to counter the rise of fake news on the social network during a meeting held shortly after last year's election, the Washington Post reported Sunday.
	Robotic fashion: Wear your heartbeat on your sleeve Dutch designer Anouk Wipprecht has a vision for a world in which people stop telling themselves little lies about their emotions—and she believes high-tech fashion is the key.
	Uber boss says sorry over London 'mistakes' (Update) The chief executive of Uber apologised Monday for "mistakes" made by the US ride-sharing app after London authorities refused to renew its licence, but still vowed to appeal the decision.
	Siemens and Alstom on brink of rail merger: report France's Alstom and Germany's Siemens have a deal ready to sign that would merge their rail businesses in the face of Chinese competition, German business daily Handelsblatt reported Monday.
	What happens when a bird strikes a plane? In bowling, a strike is the best shot you can make. In aviation jargon, however, a strike happens when a bird suddenly crosses the trajectory of an aeroplane. Usually, with an adverse outcome for the bird.
	Semi-autonomous Cadillacs en route to dealerships General Motors' Cadillac luxury brand is embarking on a cross-country drive to show off its version of a car that almost drives itself on the freeway.
Microsoft AI in use at Macy's, handling service requests Microsoft has created a virtual assistant that can be used by companies to respond to customer service requests.
	Deloitte says 'very few' clients hit by hack Deloitte said Monday that "very few" of the accounting and consultancy firm's clients were affected by a hack after a news report said systems of blue-chip clients had been breached.
	'We will listen': New Uber CEO apologizes for past mistakes The new CEO of Uber apologized for past mistakes on Monday in a public attempt to show London authorities that the company, known for aggressive tactics, is willing to change to retain its right to operate in the city.
Lowe's steps into augmented reality game Lowe's will launch an app early next month that makes it easier to envision what a piece of furniture will look like in your home or office using augmented reality.
T-Mobile plus Sprint: If you're a customer, here's why a merger would matter T-Mobile and Sprint are at it again—talks of a merger, that is. The nation's No. 3 and No. 4 wireless providers have actively sparred in recent years as they battled to capture a larger market share in the competitive industry.
Facebook, Google and Amazon too big? Why that question keeps coming up For more than a decade now, our love affair with three high-profile tech companies has been torrid.
	Uber fights with London regulators, but also tries diplomacy In past skirmishes with local regulators, Uber's playbook under co-founder and now-ousted CEO Travis Kalanick was simple: fight.
	Satya Nadella aims to make Microsoft mighty - and mindful Satya Nadella, the Microsoft CEO who kept the company relevant as its primary PC software business faded, could write a book about the challenges he faced.
	'Lady Beast' fights for girl gamers in Japan In her online world, she is "Lady Beast", deftly operating her green monster Blanka in dizzying hand-to-hand streetfighting combat on the global professional gaming circuit.
	The Sun rises in new play about Murdoch's tabloid revolution Rupert Murdoch has power, wealth—and legions of detractors, who say the media mogul's tabloids and TV stations have fueled crass celebrity culture, phone hacking and fake news.
	Ultrafast 5G mobile broadband thanks to millimeter-wave band technology The ideal of seamless mobile communications poses fundamental challenges to legacy networks that the new 5G communication networks currently under development need to solve. One such challenge is supporting the significant growth of traffic demands. Next-generation services such as mobile cloud services, gaming, social-networking applications and 3-D immersive applications require massive capacity and higher data rates than current 4G networks can sustain.
	Fully renewable India in 2050 can take a shortcut to emission-free future India can function on a fully renewable electricity system in 2050. This is the result of a new research by Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT). The study shows that developing countries that have an abundance of renewable resources do not need to take the path of the western countries where increasing living standards have been coupled with heavy emissions from electricity generation and other industry. They can move straight to renewable systems and do it cheaply.
	Trump directs Ed secretary to prioritize computer science President Donald Trump has directed the education secretary to prioritize science and technology education and to spend at least $200 million annually on competitive grants so schools can broaden access to computer science education in particular.

Medicine & Health news

For a better 'I,' there needs to be a supportive 'we' If you're one of those lucky individuals with high motivation and who actively pursues personal growth goals, thank your family and friends who support you.
	MRI contrast agent locates and distinguishes aggressive from slow-growing breast cancer A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent being tested by researchers at Case Western Reserve University not only pinpoints breast cancers at early stages but differentiates between aggressive and slow-growing types.
	Brain guides body much sooner than previously believed The brain plays an active and essential role much earlier than previously thought, according to new research from Tufts University scientists which shows that long before movement or other behaviors occur, the brain of an embryonic frog influences muscle and nerve development and protects the embryo from agents that cause developmental defects. Remarkably, the brain performs these functions while it is itself still developing, marking the earliest known events of the brain-body interface. In addition to identifying these essential instructive functions for the first time, the Tufts researchers successfully rescued defects caused by lack of a brain by using widely available, human-approved drugs.
	Largest study to date reveals gender-specific risk of autism occurrence among siblings Having one child with autism is a well-known risk factor for having another one with the same disorder, but whether and how a sibling's gender influences this risk has remained largely unknown.
	Antibody protects against Zika and dengue, mouse study shows Brazil and other areas hardest hit by the Zika virus - which can cause babies to be born with abnormally small heads - are also home to dengue virus, which is spread by the same mosquito species.
	Overturning widely held ideas: Visual attention drawn to meaning, not what stands out Our visual attention is drawn to parts of a scene that have meaning, rather than to those that are salient or "stick out," according to new research from the Center for Mind and Brain at the University of California, Davis. The findings, published Sept. 25 in the journal Nature Human Behavior, overturn the widely-held model of visual attention.
	Are children who see movie characters use guns more likely to use them? Children who watched a PG-rated movie clip containing guns played with a disabled real gun longer and pulled the trigger more often than children who saw the same movie not containing guns, according to the results of a randomized experiment published in a new article by JAMA Pediatrics.
	A brain system that builds confidence in what we see, hear and touch A series of experiments at EPFL provide conclusive evidence that the brain uses a single mechanism (supramodality) to estimate confidence in different senses such as audition, touch, or vision. The study is published in the Journal of Neuroscience.
	Gene associated with schizophrenia risk regulates neurodevelopment A gene associated with the risk of schizophrenia regulates critical components of early brain development, according to a new study led by researchers from Penn State University. The gene is involved in the translation of proteins from RNA and in the proliferation and migration of neurons in the brain. Understanding the function of this gene—described in a paper that appears online in the journal Molecular Psychiatry—could lead to more effective treatments for schizophrenia.
	Tension makes the heart grow stronger By taking videos of a tiny beating zebrafish heart as it reconstructs its covering in a petri dish, scientists have captured unexpected dynamics of cells involved in tissue regeneration. They found that the depleted heart tissue regenerates itself in a wave, led by a front of fast-moving, supersized cells and trailed by smaller cells that multiply to produce others.
	After 15 years in a vegetative state, nerve stimulation restores consciousness A 35-year-old man who had been in a vegetative state for 15 years after a car accident has shown signs of consciousness after neurosurgeons implanted a vagus nerve stimulator into his chest. The findings reported in Current Biology on September 25 show that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)—a treatment already in use for epilepsy and depression—can help to restore consciousness even after many years in a vegetative state.
	Gene therapy improved left ventricular and atrial function in heart failure by up to 25 percent Heart function improved by up to 25 percent in a trial using gene therapy to reverse cardiac damage from congestive heart failure in a large animal model, Mount Sinai researchers report. This is the first study using a novel vector for gene therapy to improve heart function in non-ischemic heart failure.
	Study reveals breakthrough in decoding brain function If there's a final frontier in understanding the human body, it's definitely not the pinky. It's the brain.
	Study finds being in a good mood for your flu jab boosts its effectiveness New research by a team of health experts at the University of Nottingham has found evidence that being in a positive mood on the day of your flu jab can increase its protective effect.
Sexual harassment by colleagues may be associated with more severe depression Employees who experience sexual harassment by supervisors, colleagues or subordinates in the workplace may develop more severe symptoms of depression than employees who experience harassment by clients or customers, according to a study involving 7603 employees from across 1041 organizations in Denmark. The research is published in the open access journal BMC Public Health.
	Study finds up to one-quarter of cancer patients use marijuana A new study conducted in a cancer center in a state with legalized medicinal and recreational marijuana found that approximately one-quarter of surveyed patients used marijuana in the past year, mostly for physical and psychological symptoms. Published early online in Cancer, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, the study also revealed that legalization also revealed that legalization increased the likelihood for use among patients.
Lady Gaga's fibromyalgia puts illness in the spotlight (HealthDay)—Earlier this month, superstar Lady Gaga took to social media to announce that she has long struggled with fibromyalgia.
	Coming soon: Glaucoma self-care, from home? (HealthDay)—For many glaucoma patients, repeat trips to a doctor's office to check on their eyes can be a real pain.
	IUD won't interfere with breast-feeding (HealthDay)—Women who have a hormonal intrauterine device (IUD) implanted immediately after childbirth can still breast-feed, according to a new study.
	'Off-roading' threat may lurk in the air (HealthDay)—Falls aren't the only danger for kids who ride an off-road vehicle. In many parts of the United States, riders may also inhale hazardous mineral fibers and toxic dust, researchers warn.
	Survey: 9 of 10 americans take cancer prevention steps (HealthDay)—About 95 percent of Americans take some action to prevent cancer, according to a new survey.
	When it comes to exercise, quality trumps quantity (HealthDay)—You've probably heard that you need to get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise every week. But a study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology suggests that a mix of different types of exercise brings better results than simply adding more quantity.
	Diabetes insipidus can occur after stopping vasopressin (HealthDay)—Although rare, diabetes insipidus (DI) can occur following discontinuation of vasopressin infusion for septic shock, according to a case study published online Sept. 11 in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics.
	Laser tx aids genitourinary symptoms of menopause (HealthDay)—Use of a fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is a safe and effective treatment for genitourinary symptoms of menopause (GSM), according to a study published online Sept. 7 in Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.
	Fasting blood glucose trajectory may predict future MI (HealthDay)—For individuals without diabetes, certain fasting blood glucose (FBG) trajectories are associated with the risk of future myocardial infarction (MI), according to a study published online Sept. 8 in Diabetes Care.
	Percutaneous sclerotherapy with bleomycin effective, tolerable (HealthDay)—Percutaneous bleomycin injections are effective and tolerable for the treatment of vascular malformations, according to a study published online Sept. 4 in the International Journal of Dermatology.
	Serum cystatin C predicts mortality with cirrhotic ascites (HealthDay)—Serum cystatin C level is an excellent predictor of mortality in patients with cirrhotic ascites, according to a study published online Sept. 14 in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
	Pulse ox plus auscultation reliable for congenital heart screening (HealthDay)—Pulse oximetry (POX) plus cardiac auscultation is a reliable method for neonatal congenital heart disease screening, according to a study published online Sept. 22 in Pediatrics.
	Nonadherence to statins plus ACEIs/ARBs risky post MI (HealthDay)—Nonadherence to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and/or statins following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with higher mortality, according to study published in the Sept. 26 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
	Bicycling 'overloads' movement networks with Parkinson's (HealthDay)—Bicycling suppresses abnormal beta synchrony in the Parkinsonian basal ganglia, according to a study published online Sept. 11 in the Annals of Neurology.
	APOE allele type tied to mortality risk (HealthDay)—The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele increases the risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality, while the APOE ε2 allele decreases the risk, according to a study published online Sept. 12 in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
	Effect of osteoporotic fractures similar to diabetes burden (HealthDay)—Osteoporotic fractures and complications of diabetes similarly impact quality of life (QoL), according to a study published online Sept. 12 in the Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.
	Diabetes treatment failure may actually be nonadherence (HealthDay)—Apparent diabetes treatment failures may in fact be attributable to nonadherence, according to a study published online Sept. 15 in Diabetes Care.
	Psychologists help Mexico deal with double trauma of quake Whether wearing white lab coats, red rescue worker vests or dressed as clowns, the psychologists standing by as Mexico picks through the rubble of this week's earthquakes are ready to help a shaken nation deal with its trauma.
New heat lab at UConn will test limits of athletes, soldiers The Korey Stringer Institute, named for the Minnesota Vikings lineman who died of a heat stroke in 2001, has opened a new laboratory at UConn to study the effects of heat and humidity on the human body.
	Wanted: 1 million people to study genes, habits and health In a quest to end cookie-cutter health care, U.S. researchers are getting ready to recruit more than 1 million people for an unprecedented study to learn how our genes, environments and lifestyles interact—and to finally customize ways to prevent and treat disease.
Going under the knife in China's plastic surgery stampede Chen Yan is 35 and fears middle age is upon her, so like all of her friends she sees cosmetic surgery as the solution: time to get a new nose.
	Gene therapy restores hearing and balance in Usher syndrome Scientists from the Institut Pasteur, Inserm, the CNRS, Collège de France, University Pierre et Marie Curie, and University Clermont Auvergne, have recently restored hearing and balance in a mouse model of Usher syndrome type 1G, characterized by profound congenital deafness and vestibular disorders caused by severe dysmorphogenesis of the mechanoelectrical transduction apparatus of the inner ear's sensory cells. These findings open up new possibilities for the development of gene therapy treatments for hereditary forms of deafness.
Chronic migraine cases are amplified by jawbone disorder, according to research In a new study, researchers at the University of São Paulo's Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine (FMRP-USP) in Brazil find that a higher frequency of migraine attacks correlates with more severe temporomandibular disorder, or TMD. The temporomandibular joint acts like a sliding hinge connecting the jawbone to the skull, and the disorder's symptoms include difficulty chewing and joint tension.
Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program participation may reduce health care costs A study led by a Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigator suggests that participation in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) may reduce health care costs for recipients. In their paper published in JAMA Internal Medicine, the researchers describe finding, after controlling for factors known to be common among SNAP participants, that annual health care costs for recipients were around $1,400 less than for low-income individuals not participant in SNAP.
	Early odor exposure enhances response of smell cells Mice exposed to scents of mint or fresh cut grass before and shortly after birth show increased responses in a specific population of odor-processing neurons to a variety of odors, according to new research published in eNeuro. The study demonstrates how early experience shapes the brain's processing of the sense of smell.
	Information processing breakdown in sleep-deprived rats Sleep deprivation may disrupt the brain's ability to integrate information over time, potentially contributing to the decline in cognitive performance observed during extended time awake, suggests a study in rats published in the Journal of Neuroscience.
	Quitting daily aspirin therapy may increase second heart attack, stroke risk Stopping long-term, low-dose aspirin therapy may increase your risk of suffering a cardiovascular event, according to new research in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation.
	Hospital mortality rates after heart attack differ by age Outcomes for older patients hospitalized for a heart attack are often used as a measure of hospital quality for all patients. But a study led by Yale researchers shows that hospital mortality rates for older patients with heart attack are not necessarily representative of mortality rates for younger adults.
	What should doctors do when parents request 'second best' treatments for their children? What should doctors do when parents request treatments for their children that are less effective than those recommended?
	Researchers seek to improve techniques for joint defect treatment Different surface topographies and materials provide interesting ways to study cell behaviour and potentially provide novel solutions for treating joint defects. Tissue engineering methods that simulate native cartilage could prove useful to create cartilage implants in the laboratory, according to a doctoral dissertation from Umeå University.
New treatment for chronic throat irritation and globus sensation in the gullet Chronic throat irritation, a permanent globus sensation, and a sore or dry sensation in the throat are common symptoms often trivialised and wrongly attributed to gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, these are also the characteristic symptoms of patients suffering from displaced gastric mucosa in the oesophagus (ectopic mucosa). A recent study conducted by researchers from MedUni Vienna and Vienna General Hospital has now produced a breakthrough in the treatment of patients with this condition. For the first time, the new radiofrequency ablation technique has been successfully used in severe cases.
People are reluctant to use public defibrillators to treat cardiac arrests A study led the University of Warwick suggests that people are reluctant to use public access defibrillators to treat cardiac arrests.
	New way to detect heart damage caused by chemotherapy The high-tech scanning techniques were enabled by funding from the British Heart Foundation (BHF), and could reveal whether chemotherapy is damaging a person's heart before any symptoms appear.
	Scientists first to use genetic engineering technique to investigate Tourette's Scientists at Rutgers University-New Brunswick are the first to use a genetic engineering technique to create brain cells from the blood cells of individuals in a three-generation family with Tourette syndrome to help determine what causes the disease.
An ethical dilemma for doctors—when is it OK to prescribe opioids? America's opioid crisis is getting worse. The role of prescription opioids has both the medical establishment and the government justifiably worried.
Bioinformatics points the way to treating deadly pancreatic cancer A new study that sifted through an enormous mass of biomolecular data has significantly advanced our understanding of the genetics of pancreatic cancer and opened up promising treatment avenues.
	Study on antibiotic resistance finds concern, but no 'epidemic' Antimicrobial resistance is sometimes called an "epidemic" and some experts predict it will cause 10 million deaths by 2050, but new research puts it into perspective.
	The debate on assisted dying—how can we assess the competing claims? Assisted dying in Australia is no longer a matter of "if" but "when". Will the "when" be 2017 through the Voluntary Assisted Dying Bill likely to be tabled in the Victorian parliament this week?
	How ketogenic diets curb inflammation Ketogenic diets – extreme low-carbohydrate, high-fat regimens that have long been known to benefit epilepsy and other neurological illnesses – may work by lowering inflammation in the brain, according to new research by UC San Francisco scientists.
	Do intestinal bacteria affect ADHD? For the very first time, researchers at the Radboud university medical centre, Donders Institute and NIZO have found a possible link between the activity of certain intestinal bacteria and human brain activity. In people with ADHD, the researchers found more bacteria that influence the reward centres of the brain via dopamine.
	Can facemasks reduce the negative health impacts of air pollution? Research has shown that exposure to air pollution, be it brief or over the long term, can have negative impacts on the lungs and hearts, and potentially the brain as well (Brook 2009). It is estimated that outdoor air pollution causes 3 million excess deaths worldwide each year (The Lancet 2015). In response, a number of cities have introduced policies aimed at reducing urban air pollution, including congestion charging in London, bike sharing in Paris, and an "environmental police force" in Beijing.
	Seven easy ways to soothe your child's pain in the hospital Imagine this: You are having a lovely day at the park, when your sweet boy, only seven years old, falls from the monkey bars and screams loudly. His wrist is swelling quickly and looks deformed. You rush to the local hospital, where they tell you he will need x-rays and an IV. And his bones will need to be reset in the emergency department.
	No, depression won't literally break your heart (but have a heart check anyway) Some people say depression leads to a broken heart. It's a catchy expression, but is it really true?
'World's heaviest woman' dies in Abu Dhabi hospital An Egyptian believed to be the world's heaviest woman died Monday of heart and kidney failure at an Abu Dhabi hospital, following months of treatment to help her lose weight and one day walk again.
	Open-ended laboratory tests for cyclists could help athletes train better Scientists at the University's School of Sport and Exercise Sciences (SSES) have discovered that cyclists can perform better when they do not have to pace their efforts.
	Diabetes medicine reduces Parkinson's risk A Norwegian study shows that the taking of diabetes medicine reduces the risk of getting Parkinson's disease.
	Expert discusses whether avoiding gluten offers health benefits to the general population Sales of gluten-free foods continue to soar, reflecting a widespread belief that eliminating gluten from a person's diet can produce health benefits, even for those without gluten sensitivity or celiac disease.
Drug targeting could aid immune diseases A new technique that targets drugs to specific cells could lead to improved therapies for diseases caused by an overactive immune response. The approach could help people affected by conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases, where the body's own immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues.
	Psychosis in Parkinson's dementia—new treatment provides hope New research involving King's College London and the University of Exeter has highlighted the benefits of a promising new treatment which could relieve psychosis in thousands of people with dementia related to Parkinson's disease.
Promising modification of the intestinal flora in colon cancer Living lactic acid bacteria, probiotics, can change the intestinal flora of patients with cancer of the colon. These are the findings of a study published in the journal BMJ Open Gastroenterology.
	First international survey on the psychology of meat consumption The consumption of meat is not merely a question of taste as is generally assumed. It also necessarily involves beliefs that the killing and eating of certain animals is justified. German and American researchers looked at the attitudes expressed by meat consumers in three surveys in which nearly 1,000 persons participated. The research team developed a questionnaire that would enable them to assess these beliefs and that differentiated between two aspects of the beliefs of meat-eaters, i.e., that meat consumption is justified and that human beings naturally have a position of dominance over animals. As a result of these surveys, the psychologists were able to confirm that meat eating is associated with attitudes that endorse hierarchical structures. Their findings have been published in the eminent specialist journal Appetite.
Fourfold increase in likelihood of anxiety or depression treatment if your partner has already done so A study led by a team at Keele University has found that when one partner of a couple consults their GP about depression or anxiety, the other partner is much more likely to do the same.
	New regulator for liver regeneration By performing large-scale proteomics analysis of liver proteins, ETH researchers have discovered a protein that is essential for liver regeneration. They have also figured out the mechanism of the protein's function.
A flu vaccine may protect your heart, too Flu season and more importantly, flu shot season is here. It's common knowledge that the flu vaccine prevents the misery of influenza and helps protect vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, young children, and the chronically ill. But did you know that getting a flu shot might also prevent a heart attack or stroke?
	Just in time for your tailgate—how getting a drink can be unsanitary Have you ever thought about what might tag along when you add ice or a lemon slice to your drink? When lemons and ice are served in beverages, they not only bring flavor or a flourish. They can also carry bacteria and viruses.
	Lung cancer treatment could be having negative health effect on hearts Radiotherapy treatment for lung cancer could have a negative effect on the health of your heart new research has found.
	Newly revealed autism-related genes include genes involved in cancer The identification of genes related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could help to better understand the disorder and develop new treatments. While scientists have found many genetic differences in different people with ASD, these often show little overlap and don't appear to be related. Using a new technique that accounts for how genes interact, Italian researchers have identified new networks of related genes that may be involved in ASD - including genes that are related to cancer.
	Fresh blood for damaged tissues via alginate hydrogels Ischemia is a serious medical condition in which the flow of blood and delivery of oxygen to tissues is restricted, thus resulting in pain, weakness, and more seriously, tissue and organ damage. Ischemia in muscle tissue, most commonly as a result of atherosclerosis, leads to life-threatening diseases like coronary artery disease and stroke, but also to chronic peripheral artery disease (PAD). PAD symptoms can vary from discomfort and difficulty walking to debilitating pain and even limb amputations from irreversible muscle damage. Treatment methods include blood-thinning medications and angioplasty or, in more severe cases, bypass surgery. However, a promising alternative to surgical intervention involves stimulating angiogenesis, or growth of new blood vessels, in order to increase blood flow at the ischemic site via delivery of angiogenic growth factors like Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF).
	Thinking 'out-of-the-box' may build a better brain and prevent dementia More than 5 million Americans today are affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). If nothing is done to stop this upward trajectory, there will be more than 16 million people with AD in the United States and more than 60 million people with AD worldwide by 2050. In the past 25 years, only five symptomatic medications for AD have met their primary clinical endpoints in Phase III clinical trials and successfully come to market; of these, four are still available.
	Scientists develop patch which could improve healing and reduce scarring Scientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) have developed a new gel patch prototype that could speed up the healing of a skin wound while minimising the formation of scars. The team unveiled the patch today as a proof-of-concept.
	Maternal diet could affect kids' brain reward circuitry Researchers in France found that rats who ate a junk food diet during pregnancy had heavier pups that strongly preferred the taste of fat straight after weaning. While a balanced diet in childhood seemed to reduce the pups' desire for fat, they nevertheless showed altered brain reward circuitry into adulthood.
	Cancer vaccines need to target T cells that can persist in the long fight against cancer Cancer vaccines may need to better target T cells that can hold up to the long fight against cancer, scientists report.
	Mastectomy study confirms 'Jolie effect' (HealthDay)—Actress Angelina Jolie's decision to undergo breast removal to reduce her risk of breast cancer has led other women to do so, a new study shows.
	Putting wine on a diet (HealthDay)—Do you enjoy a glass of wine with dinner or when unwinding at the end of a long day, but wonder how its calories are affecting your diet?
	Cancer patients may have undiagnosed depression (HealthDay)—Depression is common, though often overlooked, in people with cancer, a new study suggests.
Electronic triage tool improves patient care in emergency departments When a patient arrives in any emergency department, one of the first steps in their care process is triage, an opportunity for a care team member to identify critically ill patients and assign priority treatment levels.
Halving radiation therapy for HPV-related throat cancer offers fewer side effects, similar outcomes Mayo Clinic researchers have found that a 50 percent reduction in the intensity and dose of radiation therapy for patients with HPV-related throat cancer reduced side effects with no loss in survival and no decrease in cure rates. Results of a phase II study were presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology in San Diego by Daniel Ma, M.D. a radiation oncologist at Mayo Clinic.
	Child abuse affects brain wiring Researchers from the McGill Group for Suicide Studies, based at the Douglas Mental Health University Institute and McGill University's Department of Psychiatry, have just published research in the American Journal of Psychiatry that suggests that the long-lasting effects of traumatic childhood experiences, like severe abuse, may be due to an impaired structure and functioning of cells in the anterior cingulate cortex. This is a part of the brain which plays an important role in the regulation of emotions and mood.
	The rat race is over: New livestock model for stroke could speed discovery It is well-known in the medical field that the pig brain shares certain physiological and anatomical similarities with the human brain. So similar are the two that researchers at the University of Georgia's Regenerative Bioscience Center have developed the first U.S. pig model for stroke treatments, which will provide essential preclinical data and speed the drug discovery process.
Diet, in addition to alcohol consumption, may play important role in liver problems A new study published in Alcohol and Alcoholism finds that mice bred to consume high amounts of alcohol, but controlled by diet, did not necessarily develop the most severe liver injuries, suggesting that diet may pay an important role in liver injury development.
Study raises expectations for improved language skills in the deaf and hard-of-hearing Universal screening of newborns for hearing loss before they leave the hospital is not enough to improve language skills of children who are deaf and hard of hearing, according to a new study.
	New tool demonstrates high cost of lack of sleep in the workplace Sleep disorders and sleep deficiency are hidden costs that affect employers across America. Seventy percent of Americans admit that they routinely get insufficient sleep, and 30 percent of U.S. workers and 44 percent of night shift workers report sleeping less than six hours per night. In addition, an estimated 50-70 million people have a sleep disorder, often undiagnosed. Costs attributable to sleep deficiency in the U.S. was estimated to exceed $410 billion in 2015, equivalent to 2.28 percent of the gross domestic product.
	Bone marrow concentrate improves joint transplants Biologic joint restoration using donor tissue instead of traditional metal and plastic may be an option for active patients with joint defects. Although recovery from a biologic joint repair is typically longer than traditional replacement, successful biologic restoration allows patients to return to full activity. However, in some cases, the transplanted bone does not heal correctly. Researchers at the University of Missouri School of Medicine found in a group of patients that treating donor grafts with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC) before surgery improves bone integration and speeds recovery.
Shorter course of radiation treatment safe for breast cancer patients under 50 A higher-dose, shorter form of radiation is safe, effective, and no more damaging to the breast tissue or skin of breast cancer patients under age 50 than it is in older patients.
	Insulin dose not tied to cardiovascular outcomes (HealthDay)—Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes are not explained by insulin resistance, according to research published online Sept. 12 in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.
	Self-reported function IDs post-op course in elderly (HealthDay)—Self-reported function is more informative than frailty phenotype in predicting a negative postoperative course in older adults, according to a study published online Sept. 19 in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
	Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine may reduce atopic dermatitis (HealthDay)—Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination within seven days of birth may reduce the risk of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in Allergy.
	AAP offers guidance for infectious disease in sports (HealthDay)—Participation in organized sports can potentially expose athletes to infectious diseases, with major risk factors including skin-to-skin contact, environmental exposures and physical trauma, and sharing of equipment, according to a clinical report published online Sept. 25 in Pediatrics.
	Low health beliefs for salt intake in hemodialysis patients (HealthDay)—Health beliefs regarding salt intake are low among patients undergoing hemodialysis, according to a study published online Sept. 5 in the Journal of Renal Care.
	Ocular histopathology features seen with congenital Zika (HealthDay)—Certain ocular histopathologic features are consistently found in fetuses with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), according to a study published online Sept. 21 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
	Worker contribution to health benefits up in 2017 (HealthDay)—In 2017, health benefits coverage remained stable, while workers faced considerable variation in costs, according to a report published online Sept. 19 in Health Affairs.
	Mosquitoes spread deadly diseases, and public health experts hope to fight back with this new emoji Mosquitoes are more than a spoiler of backyard barbecues. They threaten more than half the world's population with their disease-spreading bites. In fact, mosquitoes are deadlier - by far - than sharks and snakes.
	Coffee sold in California could carry cancer warning labels A future cup of coffee in California could give you jitters before you even take a sip.
	Prostaglandin E1 inhibits leukemia stem cells Two drugs, already approved for safe use in people, may be able to improve therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a blood cancer that affects myeloid cells, according to results from a University of Iowa study in mice.
	Three or more cups of coffee daily halves mortality risk in patients with both HIV and HCV Patients infected by both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are at specific risk of end-stage liver disease and greater risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In addition, HIV infection accelerates the progression of chronic hepatitis C to fibrosis and development of cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. In these HIV-HCV co-infected patients, drinking at least three cups of coffee each day halved the risk of all-cause mortality according to a new study published in the Journal of Hepatology.
	Researchers identify gene variants linked to a high-risk children's cancer Pediatric researchers investigating the childhood cancer neuroblastoma have identified common gene variants that raise the risk of an aggressive form of that disease. The discovery may assist doctors in better diagnosing subtypes of neuroblastoma.
	Image ordering often based on factors other than patient need: study Do you really need that MRI?
Psychological impacts of natural disasters on youth Children's mental state plays an important factor in their developmental growth. After recent storms devastated parts of the U.S. - Hurricane Harvey in Texas, Hurricane Irma in Florida and the Caribbean and Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico—all contributing to massive evacuations of children and families, which children need more attention or support services in the aftermath of these storms and the related stressors that come with surviving and witnessing the destructive power of a Category 4 or 5 hurricane?
	Blacks, elderly missing from U.S. cancer clinical trials (HealthDay)—Four out of five participants in cancer clinical trials are white, a discrepancy that calls into question whether other races and ethnicities are receiving good cancer treatment, researchers say.
	Cancer distress may lead to missed appointments (HealthDay)—Seriously distressed cancer patients appear to miss more appointments and have more hospital admissions during treatment, a new study finds.
Organ donation in Ontario increased 57 percent since 2006 after new Canadian donation policy Organ donation in Ontario increased 57% since 2006 when the province introduced a Canadian policy that allows donation of organs after circulatory functions cease, called circulatory determination of death (DCD), according to a new study published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal)
	Republicans make desperate bid to save health care bill Republican opposition to the GOP health care bill swelled to near-fatal numbers Sunday as Sen. Susan Collins all but closed the door on supporting the last-ditch effort to scrap the Obama health care law and Sen. Ted Cruz said that "right now" he doesn't back it.
WHO warns of cholera threat in Bangladesh Rohingya camps The World Health Organisation warned Monday of a growing cholera risk in the makeshift refugee camps in Bangladesh where more than 435,000 Rohingya Muslims have sought shelter from unrest in Myanmar.
Brazilian with German Olympian's heart runs race of her life Brazilian Ivonette Balthazar felt jittery ahead of a Rio de Janeiro road race Sunday, but her heart—transplanted from a German Olympian a year ago—spurred her on.
Researchers study the cancer cell genes that resist drugs Researchers from the People's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) have studied the mechanism of drug resistance for ovarian and breast cancer cells. They discovered that these cancer cells have a redox-dependent mechanism which is tasked with sustaining their drug resistance. The results have been published in two articles in the journal of Free Radical Biology and Medicine.
	How vision shapes touch A neuroimaging study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals the neural network responsible for attributing the sense of touch to a location in space develops and operates differently in individuals blind from birth compared to sighted individuals.
	Attitudes to same-sex marriage have many psychological roots, and they can change As the Australian same-sex marriage debate heats up it may be time for cool reflection on the sources of our polarised views. Recent research shines a revealing light on the roots of pro- and anti-marriage equality sentiment. It helps explain the roots of our attitudes to same-sex marriage, and whether they are shallow enough to allow attitudes to change.
Long-term survival rates double previous estimates for locally advanced lung cancer Long-term results of a phase III clinical trial indicate that survival rates for patients receiving chemoradiation for unresectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may be more than twice as high as previous estimates. At five years following treatment with a standard dose of 60 Gray (Gy) radiation delivered in 30 fractions, the overall survival rate was 32 percent, setting a new benchmark of survival for patients with inoperable stage III NSCLC. The trial, RTOG 0617, also confirms that a standard dose of radiation therapy is preferable to a higher dose and that cetuximab offers no additional survival benefit for these patients. Findings will be presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) in San Diego.
International trial confirms safety, effectiveness of HDR brachytherapy for cervical cancer Findings from a new multicenter, international clinical trial confirm the effectiveness of high-dose brachytherapy, or internal radiation therapy, for managing locally advanced cervical cancer. Tumor control was significantly better following four fractions of 7 Gray (Gy) each than following two, 9-Gy fractions of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, but neither overall survival nor severe treatment-related side effects differed between the treatment groups. Findings from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) trial will be presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).
	New delayed-release stimulant improves morning ADHD symptoms and all-day functioning A phase 3 study of children ages 6-12 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has shown that a delayed-release, long-acting formulation of the stimulant methylphenidate, when taken in the evening, led to significant improvement in ADHD symptoms and functional impairment first thing the next morning, compared to a placebo. Children taking the delayed-release stimulant did not have to wait for a morning dose to take effect and also benefited from improved symptoms later in the afternoon and evening, according to the study results published in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology.
Patients undergoing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest do not benefit from ACLS during transport There is no association between prehospital advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and survival to hospital discharge in patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). ACLS is, however, associated with an improvement in prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), but with longer delays to hospital arrival. These are the primary findings of a study published in Academic Emergency Medicine (AEM) a journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM).
Breast cancer patients largely find radiation therapy experience better than expected A new survey finds breast cancer patients' actual radiation therapy experiences largely exceeded their expectations. The survey, which addressed the fears and misconceptions regarding radiation therapy for breast cancer, found that more than three-fourths of the breast cancer patients surveyed found their experiences with radiation therapy, including overall and specific long-term and short-term side effects, to be less "scary" than anticipated, according to research presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).
Radiation+immunotherapy can slow tumor growth for some patients with metastatic NSCLC A new study involving patients with stage IV cancer finds that treatment with radiation therapy and immunotherapy can halt the growth of tumors by stimulating the body's immune system to attack the cancer. In the phase II trial, patients with end-stage cancer that had spread to the lungs or liver demonstrated a favorable response to the combined treatment. Between 30 and 60 percent of the patients, depending on the treatment arm, found that their cancer stopped spreading. Findings will be presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).
Adding radiation to chemotherapy may dramatically improve survival for advanced NSCLC Combining radiation therapy with chemotherapy for patients with limited metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may curb disease progression dramatically when compared to NSCLC patients who only receive chemotherapy, according to a new randomized phase II clinical trial reported today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). Progression-free survival in the trial escalated from 3.5 months to 9.7 months with the addition of radiation therapy delivered to all the metastatic sites of lung cancer as well as the primary disease site. Treatment-related side effects were similar for the two treatment approaches.
Trial confirms pelvic radiation as standard of care for high-risk endometrial cancer In a new phase III trial report from the National Clinical Trial Network group, NRG Oncology, recurrence-free and overall survival rates for women with stage I-II high-risk endometrial cancer were not superior following vaginal cuff brachytherapy plus chemotherapy when compared with pelvic radiation therapy. Risks of pelvic and para-aortic nodal recurrence and frequency of short-term side effects were greater for the brachytherapy-chemotherapy approach. High completion rates for each treatment arm suggest that both therapies are well-tolerated by patients. Findings will be presented today at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).
Prenatal weight talks are easier with props Significant improvements in communication between providers and patients surrounding gestational weight gain during prenatal care were found using a new combination of education and a tracking tool in a study by the Mother Baby clinical service line of Allina Health and Children's Minnesota.
Religiously tailored educational intervention lead more Muslim women to get mammograms A religiously sensitive educational effort designed to address barriers to mammography for Muslim women increased the women's perceived likelihood of getting the breast screening and their eventual receipt of mammograms, according to results of a study presented at the 10th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Sept. 25-28.
People of Mexican decent in US have more liver cancer risk factors than those living in Mexico Mexican-Americans living in the United States demonstrated more risk factors for liver cancer than their counterparts in Mexico, according to results of a study presented at the 10th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Sept. 25-28.
Tumor microenvironment of TNBC varies between African-American and European-American women The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) varied significantly in the tumors of African-American and European-American women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), suggesting that TILs may be a useful prognostic biomarker, according to the results of a study presented at the Tenth AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved, held here Sept. 25-28.
	What the latest health overhaul push means for consumers Only one thing is certain for insurance shoppers if the latest attempt to replace former President Barack Obama's health care law succeeds: Uncertainty.

Biology news

	Shark fin bans might not help sharks, scientists say As lawmakers propose banning the sale of shark fins in the U.S., a pair of scientists is pushing back, saying the effort might actually harm attempts to conserve the marine predators.
	Fish have complex personalities, research shows Tiny fish called Trinidadian guppies have individual "personalities", new research shows.
	Study identifies likely scenarios for global spread of devastating crop disease Stem rust, named for the blackening pustules that infect plant stems, caused devastating crop epidemics and famine for centuries before being tamed by fungicides and resistance genes.
	World's botanic gardens contain a third of all known plant species, and help protect the most threatened The world's botanic gardens contain at least 30% of all known plant species, including 41% of all those classed as 'threatened', according to the most comprehensive analysis to date of diversity in 'ex-situ' collections: those plants conserved outside natural habitats.
	Big brains in birds provides survival advantage: study Given how proud we are of our big brains, it's ironic that we haven't yet figured out why we have them. One idea, called the cognitive buffer hypothesis, is that the evolution of large brains is driven by the adaptive benefits of being able to mount quick, flexible behavioral responses to frequent or unexpected environmental change.
	Panda habitat shrinking, becoming more fragmented A study by Chinese and U.S. scientists finds that while populations of the iconic giant panda have increased recently, the species' habitat still covers less area and is more fragmented than when it was first listed as an endangered species in 1988.
	Towards pesticidovigilance A fascinating insight paper, "Towards pesticidovigilance" published in Science today by Dr Alice Milner, Lecturer in Physical Geography at Royal Holloway and Professor Ian Boyd (School of Biology, University of St Andrews), looks at global pesticide regulation and the lessons to be learned from the regulation and monitoring of pharmaceuticals which could improve environmental sustainability and lead to better risk-based decisions for pesticide safety.
	With extra sugar, leaves get fat too Eat too much without exercising and you'll probably put on a few pounds. As it turns out, plant leaves do something similar. In a new study at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, scientists show that retaining sugars in plant leaves can make them get fat too.
	Scientists discover genes are controlled by 'nano footballs' Research at the University of York has revealed that genes are controlled by 'nano footballs' - structures that look like footballs but 10 million times smaller than the average ball.
Scientists: Desert turtle endangered, 100 left in Arizona It may not be surprising that an "aquatic desert" turtle faces long odds in life, but environmentalists and biologists still welcomed this week's endangered species designation for the Sonoyta mud turtle.
	Helping Ponso, sole survivor of 'Chimpanzee Island' in I. Coast "Oooah! Oooah!" Screeching to see visitors on the forested "Chimpanzee Island" in Ivory Coast, Ponso is the last, lonely survivor of a colony of 20 apes who mysteriously died or vanished.
	French government declares war on pesticides France is planning to cut back on use of all pesticides, the government said Monday, though it rowed back on an announcement of an outright ban on controversial chemical glyphosate.
	High hopes for Australian bid to breed panda cubs A giant panda couple struggling to produce cubs in an Australian zoo have been given a helping hand by vets who hope to overcome the bears' notorious breeding difficulties with three artificial inseminations.
	Regenerating tissues with gene-targeting molecules A synthetic DNA-targeting molecule could pave the way for tissue regeneration.
	Field research aims to slow the spread of tick-borne illness across the Midwest Ticks are nasty little survivors, outlasting even dinosaurs as they resist drought, tolerate cold and go months without a meal.
	New model confirms endangered right whales are declining Researchers with the federal government and the New England Aquarium have developed a new model they said will provide better estimates about the North Atlantic right whale population, and the news isn't good.
	Penguin-mounted video captures gastronomic close encounters of the gelatinous kind Footage from penguin-mounted mini video recorders shows four species of penguin eating jellyfish and other gelatinous animals of the open ocean, a food source penguins were not previously believed to partake of, scientists report this month in the Ecological Society of America's peer-reviewed journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. The article, part of the October issue of the journal, is available online ahead of print.
	Whale carcass dug up from Australian beach over shark fears A massive humpback whale buried on a popular Australian beach after it washed up dead was being exhumed Monday because locals feared its rotting carcass was attracting sharks.
	Research shows lower injury rates in New Zealand racehorses New research has shown that racehorses in New Zealand have a lower risk of injury than in other countries, with further work needed to explain why.
	Researchers aim to improve gut health of livestock animals Researchers at the University of Delaware are looking into what causes that gut feeling in livestock animals such as cows and chickens.

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