Nature Communications - 13 September 2017

Advertisement High Titer Purified Lentivirus (Guaranteed >10^8 TU/ml) 60,000+ premade lentiviral clones to avoid the time and costs of custom cloning, and enables quick delivery 70+ lentiviral vectors Available for CRISPR, ORF cDNA, Promoter, shRNA, miRNA Learn more >>     Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is now fully open access. Read more. 13 September 2017  Latest content: Editorial Articles Corrigendum Advertisement   More than thirty renowned scientists will present the newest findings in vascular research. Supported by: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ZOC), the largest eye hospital in China; the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology (SKLO), the only one of its kind in China; and the Asia Pacific Vascular Biology Organization (APVBO). Click here for detailed information Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Free Naturejobs Career Expo London - registration is now open  The 11th annual Naturejobs Career Expo will be held in London on October 4, 2017. Join us for your chance to network with leading global employers, receive one-to-one CV checking, attend free talks and workshops, learn how to enhance your employability and lots more.  Register FREE today!    Advertisement Three new broad scope open access journals from Nature Research: Now open for submissions Nature Research is excited to announce the launch of three new journals Communications Biology, Communications Chemistry and Communications Physics. Papers published in the journals will represent significant advances that bring new insight to a specialized area of research. All papers will be handled by experienced in-house professional editors and supported by an expert Editorial Board.  Find out more >>       Nature Communications - now fully open access All new submissions, if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge (APC) will apply. For more information visit the website. Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more about APC funding.       Latest Editorial       Preprints under peer review OPEN 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00950-5     Latest Articles View all Articles     BRCA2 suppresses replication stress-induced mitotic and G1 abnormalities through homologous recombination OPEN Weiran Feng & Maria Jasin BRCA2 mutations promote tumour formation while also paradoxically causing cell lethality. Here the authors generate conditional BRCA2 loss in a non-transformed human mammary cell line and see increased replication stress due to under-replication of DNA. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00634-0 Cancer genetics  DNA damage response  Homologous recombination  Stalled forks  Perturbed cholesterol and vesicular trafficking associated with dengue blocking in Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti cells OPEN Vincent Geoghegan, Kirsty Stainton, Stephanie M. Rainey, Thomas H. Ant, Adam A. Dowle, Tony Larson, Svenja Hester, Philip D. Charles, Benjamin Thomas & Steven P. Sinkins Wolbachia infection of mosquitoes can block dengue virus infection and is tested in field trials, but the mechanism of action is unclear. Using proteomics, Geoghegan et al. here identify effects of Wolbachia on cholesterol homeostasis and dengue virus replication in Aedes aegypti. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00610-8 Bacterial host response  Dengue virus  Lipids  Proteomics  A rechargeable iodine-carbon battery that exploits ion intercalation and iodine redox chemistry OPEN Ke Lu, Ziyu Hu, Jizhen Ma, Houyi Ma, Liming Dai & Jintao Zhang Carbon-based electrodes able to intercalate Li+ and Na+ ions have been exploited for high performing energy storage devices. Here, the authors combine the ion intercalation properties of porous graphitic carbons with the redox chemistry of iodine to produce iodine–carbon batteries with high reversible capacities. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00649-7 Batteries  Porous materials  Synthesis and processing  Engineered factor Xa variants retain procoagulant activity independent of direct factor Xa inhibitors OPEN Daniël Verhoef, Koen M. Visscher, C. Ruben Vosmeer, Ka Lei Cheung, Pieter H. Reitsma, Daan P. Geerke & Mettine H. A. Bos A major drawback in the clinical use of the oral anticoagulants that directly inhibit factor Xa in order to prevent blood clot formation is the potential for life threatening bleeding events. Here the authors describe factor Xa variants that are refractory to inhibition by these anticoagulants and could serve as rescue agents in treated patients. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00647-9 Isoenzymes  Protein design  Thrombosis  Tia1 dependent regulation of mRNA subcellular location and translation controls p53 expression in B cells OPEN Manuel D. Díaz-Muñoz, Vladimir Yu. Kiselev, Nicolas Le Novère, Tomaz Curk, Jernej Ule & Martin Turner Sequestering mRNA in cytoplasmic stress granules is a mechanism for translational repression. Here the authors find that p53 mRNA, present in stress granules in activated B lymphocytes, is released upon DNA damage and is translated in a CAP-independent manner. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00454-2 B cells  DNA damage and repair  Gene expression profiling  Ribosome  The Ino80 complex mediates epigenetic centromere propagation via active removal of histone H3 OPEN Eun Shik Choi, Youngseo Cheon, Keunsoo Kang & Daeyoup Lee The histone variant CENP-A marks active centromeres and replaces H3 at centromeres through a poorly understood mechanism. Here, the authors provide evidence that the chromatin remodeller Ino80 promotes CENP-A chromatin assembly at the centromere in fission yeast. 13 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00704-3 Centromeres  Chromatin remodelling  Genomic comparison of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor lesions by multi-region whole-exome sequencing OPEN The pathogenesis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a multi-step process but the genetic determinants behind this progression are unknown. Here the authors use multi-region exome sequencing to comprehensively investigate the genetic evolution of precursor dysplastic lesions and untransformed oesophagus. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00650-0 Cancer genetics  Cancer genomics  Discovery of a proteolytic flagellin family in diverse bacterial phyla that assembles enzymatically active flagella OPEN Ulrich Eckhard, Hina Bandukwala, Michael J. Mansfield, Giada Marino, Jiujun Cheng, Iain Wallace, Todd Holyoak, Trevor C. Charles, John Austin, Christopher M. Overall & Andrew C. Doxey So far no enzymatic activity has been attributed to flagellin, the major component of bacterial flagella. Here the authors use bioinformatic analysis and identify a metallopeptidase insertion in flagellins from 74 bacterial species and show that recombinant flagellin and flagellar filaments have proteolytic activity. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00599-0 Bacteria  Protein function predictions  Proteolysis  A genome-wide association study identifies a novel susceptibility locus for the immunogenicity of polyethylene glycol OPEN Chia-Jung Chang, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Bing-Mae Chen, Yu-Cheng Su, Ying-Ting Chen, Michael S. Hershfield, Ming-Ta Michael Lee, Tian-Lu Cheng, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Steve R. Roffler & Jer-Yuarn Wu Some individuals develop antibodies against the polyethylene glycol that is commonly used in therapeutic preparations. Here the authors conduct a GWAS in Han Chinese and find the IGH locus is associated with anti-PEG IgM. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00622-4 Genome-wide association studies  Immunogenetics  Misalignment with the external light environment drives metabolic and cardiac dysfunction OPEN Alexander C. West, Laura Smith, David W. Ray, Andrew S. I. Loudon, Timothy M. Brown & David A. Bechtold The misalignment between internal circadian rhythm and the day-night cycle can be caused by genetic, behavioural and environmental factors, and may have a profound impact on human physiology. Here West et al. show that desynchrony between the internal clock and the external environment alter metabolic parameters and cardiac function in mice. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00462-2 Cardiovascular biology  Circadian rhythms  Metabolism  Mergeable nervous systems for robots OPEN Nithin Mathews, Anders Lyhne Christensen, Rehan O’Grady, Francesco Mondada & Marco Dorigo Robots that can self-assemble into different morphologies are desired to perform tasks that require different physical capabilities. Mathews et al. design robots whose bodies and control systems can merge and split to form new robots that retain full sensorimotor control and act as a single entity. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00109-2 Computer science  Electrical and electronic engineering  Orbital bistatic radar observations of asteroid Vesta by the Dawn mission OPEN Elizabeth M. Palmer, Essam Heggy & Wlodek Kofman The Dawn spacecraft has provided orbital bistatic radar observations of a small body in the solar system. Here, the authors present results from Vesta suggesting that smooth terrains with heightened hydrogen concentrations indicate that ground-ice presence potentially helped shape Vesta’s current surface texture. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00434-6 Asteroids, comets and Kuiper belt  Giant magnetoelectric effects achieved by tuning spin cone symmetry in Y-type hexaferrites OPEN Kun Zhai, Yan Wu, Shipeng Shen, Wei Tian, Huibo Cao, Yisheng Chai, Bryan C. Chakoumakos, Dashan Shang, Liqin Yan, Fangwei Wang & Young Sun Control of the electrical properties of materials by means of magnetic fields or vice versa may facilitate next-generation spintronic devices, but is still limited by their intrinsically weak magnetoelectric effect. Here, the authors report the existence of an enhanced magnetoelectric effect in a Y-type hexaferrite, and reveal its underlining mechanism. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00637-x Ferroelectrics and multiferroics  Magnetic properties and materials  GCN5L1 modulates cross-talk between mitochondria and cell signaling to regulate FoxO1 stability and gluconeogenesis OPEN Lingdi Wang, Iain Scott, Lu Zhu, Kaiyuan Wu, Kim Han, Yong Chen, Marjan Gucek & Michael N. Sack Hepatic gluconeogenesis is tightly regulated at transcriptional level and is essential for survival during prolonged fasting. Here Wang et al. show that the mitochondrial enriched GCN5-like 1 protein controls hepatic glucose production by regulating FoxO1 protein levels via proteasome-dependent degradation and, in turn, gluconeogenic gene expression. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00521-8 Acetylation  Diabetes  Mitochondria  A 3D magnetic tissue stretcher for remote mechanical control of embryonic stem cell differentiation OPEN Vicard Du, Nathalie Luciani, Sophie Richard, Gaëtan Mary, Cyprien Gay, François Mazuel, Myriam Reffay, Philippe Menasché, Onnik Agbulut & Claire Wilhelm The development of embryoid bodies that are responsive to external stimuli is of great interest in tissue engineering. Here, the authors culture embryonic stem cells with magnetic nanoparticles and show that the presence of magnetic fields could affect their aggregation and differentiation. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00543-2 Nanoscale biophysics  Tissues  Rapid global ocean-atmosphere response to Southern Ocean freshening during the last glacial OPEN Chris S. M. Turney, Richard T. Jones, Steven J. Phipps, Zoë Thomas, Alan Hogg, A. Peter Kershaw, Christopher J. Fogwill, Jonathan Palmer, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Florian Adolphi, Raimund Muscheler, Konrad A. Hughen, Richard A. Staff, Mark Grosvenor, Nicholas R. Golledge, Sune Olander Rasmussen, David K. Hutchinson, Simon Haberle, Andrew Lorrey, Gretel Boswijk et al. A challenge for testing mechanisms of past climate change is the precise correlation of palaeoclimate records. Here, through climate modelling and the alignment of terrestrial, ice and marine 14C and 10Be records, the authors show that Southern Ocean freshwater hosing can trigger global change. 12 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00577-6 Palaeoceanography  Palaeoclimate  NFATc1 controls the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells OPEN Stefan Klein-Hessling, Khalid Muhammad, Matthias Klein, Tobias Pusch, Ronald Rudolf, Jessica Flöter, Musga Qureischi, Andreas Beilhack, Martin Vaeth, Carsten Kummerow, Christian Backes, Rouven Schoppmeyer, Ulrike Hahn, Markus Hoth, Tobias Bopp, Friederike Berberich-Siebelt, Amiya Patra, Andris Avots, Nora Müller, Almut Schulze et al. NFAT nuclear translocation has been shown to be required for CD8+ T cell cytokine production in response to viral infection. Here the authors show NFATc1 controls the cytotoxicity and metabolic switching of activated CD8+ T cells required for optimal response to bacteria and tumor cells. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00612-6 Cytotoxic T cells  Gene regulation in immune cells  Lymphocyte activation  Signal transduction  Tbx3-dependent amplifying stem cell progeny drives interfollicular epidermal expansion during pregnancy and regeneration OPEN Ryo Ichijo, Hiroki Kobayashi, Saori Yoneda, Yui Iizuka, Hirokazu Kubo, Shigeru Matsumura, Satsuki Kitano, Hitoshi Miyachi, Tetsuya Honda & Fumiko Toyoshima The abdominal skin expands rapidly during pregnancy. Here the authors show that a population of highly proliferative stem cell progenies expressing the transcription factor Tbx3 is required for abdominal skin expansion in pregnant mice. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00433-7 Cell division  Reproductive biology  Skin stem cells  Photo-triggered solvent-free metamorphosis of polymeric materials OPEN Satoshi Honda & Taro Toyota The design of organic and polymeric soft materials showing isothermal reversible liquid–nonliquid conversion is challenging. Here, the authors show solvent-free repeatable molecular architectural transformation between liquid-star and non-liquid-network polymers by the cleavage and reformation of covalent bonds in the polymer chain. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00679-1 Bioinspired materials  Polymer chemistry  Polymers  Observing a scale anomaly and a universal quantum phase transition in graphene OPEN O. Ovdat, Jinhai Mao, Yuhang Jiang, E. Y. Andrei & E. Akkermans When the continuous scale symmetry of a quantum system is broken, anomalies occur which may lead to quantum phase transitions. Here, the authors provide evidence for such a quantum phase transition in the attractive Coulomb potential of vacancies in graphene, and further envision its universality for diverse physical systems. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00591-8 Graphene  Quantum fluids and solids  Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  Heparan sulfate proteoglycans present PCSK9 to the LDL receptor OPEN Camilla Gustafsen, Ditte Olsen, Joachim Vilstrup, Signe Lund, Anika Reinhardt, Niels Wellner, Torben Larsen, Christian B. F. Andersen, Kathrin Weyer, Jin-ping Li, Peter H. Seeberger, Søren Thirup, Peder Madsen & Simon Glerup PCSK9 interacts with LDL receptor, causing its degradation, and consequently reduces the clearance of LDL. Here, Gustafsen et al. show that PCSK9 interacts with heparan sulfate proteoglycans and this binding favors LDLR degradation. Pharmacological inhibition of this binding can be exploited as therapeutic intervention to lower LDL levels. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00568-7 Dyslipidaemias  Glycobiology  p190RhoGAP proteins contain pseudoGTPase domains OPEN Amy L. Stiegler & Titus J. Boggon A growing number of ‘pseudoenzymes’ with a regulatory role in signal transduction processes but without catalytic activity are being identified. Here, the authors identify two pseudoGTPase domains in p190RhoGAP, characterize them biochemically and structurally and show that they influence RhoGAP activity. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00483-x Hydrolases  Proteins  X-ray crystallography  Emergence of charge density waves and a pseudogap in single-layer TiTe2  OPEN P. Chen, Woei Wu Pai, Y.-H. Chan, A. Takayama, C.-Z. Xu, A. Karn, S. Hasegawa, M. Y. Chou, S.-K. Mo, A.-V. Fedorov & T.-C. Chiang Due to reduced dimensionality, the properties of 2D materials are often different from their 3D counterparts. Here, the authors identify the emergence of a unique charge density wave (CDW) order in monolayer TiTe2 that challenges the current understanding of CDW formation. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00641-1 Electronic properties and materials  Phase transitions and critical phenomena  Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  The Candida albicans transcription factor Cas5 couples stress responses, drug resistance and cell cycle regulation OPEN Jinglin L. Xie, Longguang Qin, Zhengqiang Miao, Ben T. Grys, Jacinto De La Cruz Diaz, Kenneth Ting, Jonathan R. Krieger, Jiefei Tong, Kaeling Tan, Michelle D. Leach, Troy Ketela, Michael F. Moran, Damian J. Krysan, Charles Boone, Brenda J. Andrews, Anna Selmecki, Koon Ho Wong, Nicole Robbins & Leah E. Cowen Cas5 is a transcriptional regulator of responses to cell wall stress in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Here, Xie et al. show that Cas5 also modulates cell cycle dynamics and responses to antifungal drugs. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00547-y Antimicrobial resistance  Fungal biology  Fungal genetics  Fungal physiology  Hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1 promotes myeloid-derived suppressor cells accumulation through ENTPD2/CD39L1 in hepatocellular carcinoma OPEN David Kung-Chun Chiu, Aki Pui-Wah Tse, Iris Ming-Jing Xu, Jane Cui, Robin Kit-Ho Lai, Lynna Lan Li, Hui-Yu Koh, Felice Ho-Ching Tsang, Larry Lai Wei, Chun-Ming Wong, Irene Oi-Lin Ng & Carmen Chak-Lui Wong Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promote tumor immune escape. Here, the authors show that in hepatocellular carcinoma, hypoxia induces the expression of ENTPD2 on cancer cells leading to elevated extracellular 5′-AMP, which in turn promote the maintenance of MDSCs by preventing their differentiation. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00530-7 Cancer microenvironment  Hepatocellular carcinoma  Tumour immunology  Dichotomy between in-plane magnetic susceptibility and resistivity anisotropies in extremely strained BaFe2As2  OPEN Mingquan He, Liran Wang, Felix Ahn, Frédéric Hardy, Thomas Wolf, Peter Adelmann, Jörg Schmalian, Ilya Eremin & Christoph Meingast Interplay between lattice, orbital, magnetic and nematic degrees of freedom is crucial for the superconductivity in Fe-based materials. Here, the authors demonstrate the subdominant roles of pure lattice distortions and/or orbital ordering in BaFe2As2 by characterizing the in-plane magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00712-3 Magnetic properties and materials  Superconducting properties and materials  Aerosols as a source of dissolved black carbon to the ocean OPEN Hongyan Bao, Jutta Niggemann, Li Luo, Thorsten Dittmar & Shuh-Ji Kao The contribution of atmospheric deposition to the oceanic dissolved black carbon pool (DBC) is unclear. Here, the authors show that water-soluble black carbon is positively correlated with water-soluble organic carbon in marine aerosols, and that atmospheric deposition is a significant source of oceanic DBC. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00437-3 Atmospheric chemistry  Carbon cycle  Molecular analogue of the perovskite repeating unit and evidence for direct MnIII-CeIV-MnIII exchange coupling pathway OPEN Annaliese E. Thuijs, Xiang-Guo Li, Yun-Peng Wang, Khalil A. Abboud, X.-G. Zhang, Hai-Ping Cheng & George Christou Perovskite manganites exhibit intriguing but poorly understood properties, including multiferroicity. Here, the authors synthesize a Ce3Mn8 cluster that structurally resembles a perovskite repeat unit, and use this molecular analogue to elucidate mechanisms driving bulk perovskite properties. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00642-0 Magnetic materials  Magnetic properties and materials  Nanoparticles  Atomic structures of Coxsackievirus A6 and its complex with a neutralizing antibody OPEN Longfa Xu, Qingbing Zheng, Shaowei Li, Maozhou He, Yangtao Wu, Yongchao Li, Rui Zhu, Hai Yu, Qiyang Hong, Jie Jiang, Zizhen Li, Shuxuan Li, Huan Zhao, Lisheng Yang, Wangheng Hou, Wei Wang, Xiangzhong Ye, Jun Zhang, Timothy S. Baker, Tong Cheng et al. Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) causes hand, foot and mouth disease in children. Here the authors present the CVA6 procapsid and A-particle cryo-EM structures and identify an immune-dominant neutralizing epitope, which can be exploited for vaccine development. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00477-9 Cryoelectron microscopy  Pathogens  A single early-in-life macrolide course has lasting effects on murine microbial network topology and immunity OPEN Victoria E. Ruiz, Thomas Battaglia, Zachary D. Kurtz, Luc Bijnens, Amy Ou, Isak Engstrand, Xuhui Zheng, Tadasu Iizumi, Briana J. Mullins, Christian L. Müller, Ken Cadwell, Richard Bonneau, Guillermo I. Perez-Perez & Martin J. Blaser High or multiple doses of macrolide antibiotics, when given early in life, can perturb the metabolic and immunological development of lab mice. Here, Ruiz et al. show that even a single macrolide course, given early in life, leads to long-lasting changes in the gut microbiota and immune system of mice. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00531-6 Adaptive immunity  Antibiotics  Bacteria  Microbiome  Seed-induced acceleration of amyloid-β mediated neurotoxicity in vivo OPEN Ramona F. Sowade & Thomas R. Jahn Seeding of amyloid beta from one brain region to another is thought to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease, although to date most studies have depended on inoculation of animals with exogenous amyloid. Here the authors describe a genetic seed and target system in Drosophila which may be useful for the mechanistic study of seeding of amyloid in vivo. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00579-4 Alzheimer's disease  Protein aggregation  Coherent long-distance displacement of individual electron spins OPEN H. Flentje, P.-A. Mortemousque, R. Thalineau, A. Ludwig, A. D. Wieck, C. Bäuerle & T. Meunier The spin states of electrons in quantum dots have well-established potential for use as qubits but some proposed developments require the ability to move the quantum spin state across a larger device. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate coherent shuttling of spins in a ring of three dots. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00534-3 Quantum dots  Quantum information  Qubits  Microwaves effectively examine the extent and type of coking over acid zeolite catalysts OPEN B. Liu, D. R. Slocombe, J. Wang, A. Aldawsari, S. Gonzalez-Cortes, J. Arden, V. L. Kuznetsov, H. AlMegren, M. AlKinany, T. Xiao & P. P. Edwards Catalyst deactivation by coke deposition is a major drawback in industrial processes. Here, the authors show a non-intrusive microwave cavity perturbation technique as a powerful tool to determine the nature and extent of coke accumulation in industrially-relevant zeolite catalysts. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00602-8 Catalysis  Techniques and instrumentation  3D calcite heterostructures for dynamic and deformable mineralized matrices OPEN Jaeseok Yi, Yucai Wang, Yuanwen Jiang, Il Woong Jung, Wenjun Liu, Vincent Andrade, Ruqing Xu, Ramya Parameswaran, Ivo R. Peters, Ralu Divan, Xianghui Xiao, Tao Sun, Youjin Lee, Won Il Park & Bozhi Tian Minerals are rarely explored as building blocks for dynamic inorganic materials. Here, the authors derive inspiration from fish scales to create mutable surfaces based on arrays of calcite crystals, in which one end of each crystal is immobilized in and regenerated from silicone, and the other functional end is left exposed. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00560-1 Bioinspired materials  Materials for devices  Mechanical engineering  Nanoscale materials  Statistical modelling predicts almost complete loss of major periglacial processes in Northern Europe by 2100 OPEN Juha Aalto, Stephan Harrison & Miska Luoto Cryogenic land surface processes characterise the periglacial realm and control landscape development and ecosystem functioning. Here, via statistical modelling, the authors predict a 72% reduction of the periglacial realm in Northern Europe by 2050, and almost complete disappearance by 2100. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00669-3 Climate-change impacts  Cryospheric science  Environmental impact  Controlling selectivities in CO2 reduction through mechanistic understanding OPEN Xiang Wang, Hui Shi & János Szanyi Understanding the mechanism of CO2 reduction on a catalyst surface is essential for achieving the desired product selectivity. Here, the authors show an operando kinetic analysis of CO2 hydrogenation over a palladium catalyst in order to address the factors governing the selectivity of the process. 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00558-9 Catalytic mechanisms  Heterogeneous catalysis  Surface spectroscopy  Metabolic stress-induced cardiomyopathy is caused by mitochondrial dysfunction due to attenuated Erk5 signaling OPEN Wei Liu, Andrea Ruiz-Velasco, Shoubao Wang, Saba Khan, Min Zi, Andreas Jungmann, Maria Dolores Camacho-Muñoz, Jing Guo, Guanhua Du, Liping Xie, Delvac Oceandy, Anna Nicolaou, Gina Galli, Oliver J. Müller, Elizabeth J. Cartwright, Yong Ji & Xin Wang The mechanistic link between metabolic stress and associated cardiomyopathy is unknown. Here the authors show that high fat diet causes calpain-1-dependent degradation of ERK5 leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting the maintenance of cardiac ERK5 as a therapeutic approach for cardiomyopathy prevention and/or treatment. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00664-8 Cardiovascular diseases  Heart failure  Metabolic diseases  Direct measurement of individual phonon lifetimes in the clathrate compound Ba7.81Ge40.67Au5.33  OPEN Pierre-François Lory, Stéphane Pailhès, Valentina M. Giordano, Holger Euchner, Hong Duong Nguyen, Reiner Ramlau, Horst Borrmann, Marcus Schmidt, Michael Baitinger, Matthias Ikeda, Petr Tomeš, Marek Mihalkovič, Céline Allio, Mark Robert Johnson, Helmut Schober, Yvan Sidis, Frédéric Bourdarot, Louis Pierre Regnault, Jacques Ollivier, Silke Paschen et al. Phonon lifetime is a fundamental parameter of thermal transport however its determination is challenging. Using inelastic neutron scattering and the neutron resonant spin-echo technique, Lory et al. determine the acoustic phonon lifetime in a single crystal of clathrate Ba7.81Ge40.67Au5.33. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00584-7 Condensed-matter physics  Thermoelectrics  interleukin-11 induces and maintains progenitors of different cell lineages during Xenopus tadpole tail regeneration OPEN Hiroshi Tsujioka, Takekazu Kunieda, Yuki Katou, Katsuhiko Shirahige, Taro Fukazawa & Takeo Kubo Xenopus laevis tadpoles have maintained their ability to regenerate various organs. Here, the authors show that interleukin-11 is necessary for organ regeneration, by inducing and maintaining undifferentiated progenitors across cell lineages during Xenopus tail regeneration. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00594-5 Morphogenesis  Xenopus  Scalable carbon dioxide electroreduction coupled to carbonylation chemistry OPEN Mikkel T. Jensen, Magnus H. Rønne, Anne K. Ravn, René W. Juhl, Dennis U. Nielsen, Xin-Ming Hu, Steen U. Pedersen, Kim Daasbjerg & Troels Skrydstrup Electroreduction of CO2 to CO is a potential valorisation pathway of carbon dioxide for fine chemicals production. Here, the authors show a user-friendly device that couples CO2 electroreduction with carbonylation chemistry for up to gram scale synthesis of pharmaceuticals even under atmospheric CO2. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00559-8 Electrocatalysis  Homogeneous catalysis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  HIV-1-mediated insertional activation of STAT5B and BACH2 trigger viral reservoir in T regulatory cells OPEN Daniela Cesana, Francesca R. Santoni de Sio, Laura Rudilosso, Pierangela Gallina, Andrea Calabria, Stefano Beretta, Ivan Merelli, Elena Bruzzesi, Laura Passerini, Silvia Nozza, Elisa Vicenzi, Guido Poli, Silvia Gregori, Giuseppe Tambussi & Eugenio Montini HIV insertions in hematopoietic cells are enriched in BACH2 or MLK2 genes, but the selective advantages conferred are unknown. Here, the authors show that BACH2 and additionally STAT5B are activated by viral insertions, generating chimeric mRNAs specifically enriched in T regulatory cells favoring their persistence. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00609-1 HIV infections  Transcriptional regulatory elements  Viral reservoirs  Virus–host interactions  The most active Cu facet for low-temperature water gas shift reaction OPEN Zhenhua Zhang, Sha-Sha Wang, Rui Song, Tian Cao, Liangfeng Luo, Xuanye Chen, Yuxian Gao, Jiqing Lu, Wei-Xue Li & Weixin Huang Nanocrystals display a variety of facets with different catalytic activity. Here the authors identify the most active facet of copper nanocrystals relevant to the low-temperature water gas shift reaction and further design zinc oxide-copper nanocubes with exceptionally high catalytic activity. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00620-6 Catalytic mechanisms  Heterogeneous catalysis  Surface spectroscopy  Demonstration of a beam loaded nanocoulomb-class laser wakefield accelerator OPEN J. P. Couperus, R. Pausch, A. Köhler, O. Zarini, J. M. Krämer, M. Garten, A. Huebl, R. Gebhardt, U. Helbig, S. Bock, K. Zeil, A. Debus, M. Bussmann, U. Schramm & A. Irman Higher beam quality and stability are desired in laser-plasma accelerators for their applications in compact light sources. Here the authors demonstrate in laser plasma wakefield electron acceleration that the beam loading effect can be employed to improve beam quality by controlling the beam charge. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00592-7 Applied physics  Plasma-based accelerators  Evolution of protein-coupled RNA dynamics during hierarchical assembly of ribosomal complexes OPEN Sanjaya C. Abeysirigunawardena, Hajin Kim, Jonathan Lai, Kaushik Ragunathan, Mollie C. Rappé, Zaida Luthey-Schulten, Taekjip Ha & Sarah A. Woodson Ribosomes assemble through the hierarchical addition of proteins to a ribosomal RNA scaffold. Here the authors use three-color single-molecule FRET to show how the dynamics of the rRNA dictate the order in which multiple proteins assemble on the 5′ domain of the E. coli 16S rRNA. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00536-1 RNA  RNA folding  Single-molecule biophysics  Supramolecular assembly  Usb1 controls U6 snRNP assembly through evolutionarily divergent cyclic phosphodiesterase activities OPEN Allison L. Didychuk, Eric J. Montemayor, Tucker J. Carrocci, Andrew T. DeLaitsch, Stefani E. Lucarelli, William M. Westler, David A. Brow, Aaron A. Hoskins & Samuel E. Butcher The mechanism of U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) biogenesis is not well understood. Here the authors characterize the enzymatic activities and structures of yeast and human U6 RNA processing enzyme Usb1, reconstitute post-transcriptional assembly of yeast U6 snRNP in vitro, and propose a model for U6 snRNP assembly. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00484-w RNA  X-ray crystallography  Coherent diffractive imaging of single helium nanodroplets with a high harmonic generation source OPEN Daniela Rupp, Nils Monserud, Bruno Langbehn, Mario Sauppe, Julian Zimmermann, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Thomas Möller, Fabio Frassetto, Luca Poletto, Andrea Trabattoni, Francesca Calegari, Mauro Nisoli, Katharina Sander, Christian Peltz, Marc J. Vrakking, Thomas Fennel & Arnaud Rouzée Diffraction imaging studies of free individual nanoparticles have so far been restricted to XUV and X-ray free - electron laser facilities. Here the authors demonstrate the possibility of using table-top XUV laser sources to image prolate shapes of superfluid helium droplets. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00287-z Imaging and sensing  Imaging techniques  Structural properties  Inhibition of Y1 receptor signaling improves islet transplant outcome OPEN Kim Loh, Yan-Chuan Shi, Stacey Walters, Mohammed Bensellam, Kailun Lee, Katsuya Dezaki, Masanori Nakata, Chi Kin Ip, Jeng Yie Chan, Esteban N. Gurzov, Helen E. Thomas, Michaela Waibel, James Cantley, Thomas W. Kay, Toshihiko Yada, D. Ross Laybutt, Shane T. Grey & Herbert Herzog Islet transplantation is considered one of the potential treatments for T1DM but limited islet survival and their impaired function pose limitations to this approach. Here Loh et al. show that the Y1 receptor is expressed in β- cells and inhibition of its signalling, both genetic and pharmacological, improves mouse and human islet function. 08 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00624-2 Cell transplantation  Type 1 diabetes  Ultrawide thermal free-carrier tuning of dielectric antennas coupled to epsilon-near-zero substrates OPEN Prasad P. Iyer, Mihir Pendharkar, Chris J. Palmstrøm & Jon A. Schuller Achieving large tunability of subwavelength resonators is a central challenge in nanophotonics. Here the authors demonstrate refractive index tuning at mid-infrared wavelengths using temperature-dependent control over the low loss plasma frequency in III-V semiconductors. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00615-3 Metamaterials  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  On the role of initial velocities in pair dispersion in a microfluidic chaotic flow OPEN Eldad Afik & Victor Steinberg Elastic turbulence, a random-in-time flow, can drive efficient mixing in microfluidics. Using a 3D particle tracking method, the authors show that the smoothness assumption breaks at scales far smaller than believed and the ballistic pair dispersion holds over much longer distances than expected. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00389-8 Fluid dynamics  Nonlinear phenomena  Self-supporting sulfur cathodes enabled by two-dimensional carbon yolk-shell nanosheets for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries OPEN Fei Pei, Lele Lin, Daohui Ou, Zongmin Zheng, Shiguang Mo, Xiaoliang Fang & Nanfeng Zheng One of the challenges facing lithium-sulfur batteries is to develop cathodes with high mass and high volume loading. Here the authors show that two-dimensional carbon yolk-shell nanosheets are promising sulfur host materials, enabling stable battery cells with high energy density. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00575-8 Batteries  Two-dimensional materials  Tau exacerbates excitotoxic brain damage in an animal model of stroke OPEN Mian Bi, Amadeus Gladbach, Janet Eersel, Arne Ittner, Magdalena Przybyla, Annika Hummel, Sook Wern Chua, Julia van der Hoven, Wei S. Lee, Julius Müller, Jasneet Parmar, Georg von Jonquieres, Holly Stefen, Ernesto Guccione, Thomas Fath, Gary D. Housley, Matthias Klugmann, Yazi D. Ke & Lars M. Ittner Excitotoxicity contributes to neuronal injury following stroke. Here the authors show that tau promotes excitotoxicity by a post-synaptic mechanism, involving site-specific control of ERK activation, in a mouse model of stroke. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00618-0 Cell death in the nervous system  Stroke  Capture of organic iodides from nuclear waste by metal-organic framework-based molecular traps OPEN Baiyan Li, Xinglong Dong, Hao Wang, Dingxuan Ma, Kui Tan, Stephanie Jensen, Benjamin J. Deibert, Joseph Butler, Jeremy Cure, Zhan Shi, Timo Thonhauser, Yves J. Chabal, Yu Han & Jing Li Capturing radioactive organic iodides from nuclear waste is important for safe nuclear energy usage, but remains a significant challenge. Here, Li and co-workers fabricate a stable metal–organic framework functionalized with tertiary amine groups that exhibits high capacities for radioactive organic iodides uptake. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00526-3 Metal–organic frameworks  Nuclear waste  Solid-state chemistry  Copy number rather than epigenetic alterations are the major dictator of imprinted methylation in tumors OPEN Alex Martin-Trujillo, Enrique Vidal, Ana Monteagudo-Sánchez, Marta Sanchez-Delgado, Sebastian Moran, Jose Ramon Hernandez Mora, Holger Heyn, Miriam Guitart, Manel Esteller & David Monk Altered genomic imprinting is frequently reported in cancer. Here, the authors analyze copy number and methylation in cancer cell lines and primary tumors to show that imprinted methylation profiles represent the accumulation of copy number alteration, rather than epigenetic alterations. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00639-9 Cancer genomics  Imprinting  Bio-degradable highly fluorescent conjugated polymer nanoparticles for bio-medical imaging applications OPEN Tatjana Repenko, Anne Rix, Simon Ludwanowski, Dennis Go, Fabian Kiessling, Wiltrud Lederle & Alexander J. C. Kuehne Conjugated polymer nanoparticles have been applied for biological fluorescence imaging in cell culture and in small animals, but cannot readily be excreted through the renal system. Here the authors show fully conjugated polymer nanoparticles based on imidazole units that can be bio-degraded by activated macrophages. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00545-0 Imaging techniques and agents  Nanoparticles  Polymers  A thiol probe for measuring unfolded protein load and proteostasis in cells OPEN Moore Z. Chen, Nagaraj S. Moily, Jessica L. Bridgford, Rebecca J. Wood, Mona Radwan, Trevor A. Smith, Zhegang Song, Ben Zhong Tang, Leann Tilley, Xiaohong Xu, Gavin E. Reid, Mahmoud A. Pouladi, Yuning Hong & Danny M. Hatters Proteostasis is maintained through a number of molecular mechanisms, some of which function to protect the folded state of proteins. Here the authors demonstrate the use of TPE-MI in a fluorigenic dye assay for the quantitation of unfolded proteins that can be used to assess proteostasis on a cellular or proteome scale. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00203-5 Chemical tools  Protein aggregation  Protein folding  Fas cell surface death receptor controls hepatic lipid metabolism by regulating mitochondrial function OPEN Flurin Item, Stephan Wueest, Vera Lemos, Sokrates Stein, Fabrizio C. Lucchini, Rémy Denzler, Muriel C. Fisser, Tenagne D. Challa, Eija Pirinen, Youngsoo Kim, Silvio Hemmi, Erich Gulbins, Atan Gross, Lorraine A. O’Reilly, Markus Stoffel, Johan Auwerx & Daniel Konrad Hepatic steatosis is a common disease closely associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Here Item et al. show that Fas, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction, steatosis development, and insulin resistance under high fat diet. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00566-9 Metabolic syndrome  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease  Type 2 diabetes  Engineered proteins with sensing and activating modules for automated reprogramming of cellular functions OPEN Jie Sun, Lei Lei, Chih-Ming Tsai, Yi Wang, Yiwen Shi, Mingxing Ouyang, Shaoying Lu, Jihye Seong, Tae-Jin Kim, Pengzhi Wang, Min Huang, Xiangdong Xu, Victor Nizet, Shu Chien & Yingxiao Wang Protein-based biosensors have been engineered to interrogate cellular signaling and manipulate function. Here the authors demonstrate iSNAP, a tool to detect tyrosine phosphorylation and activate desired protein enzymes allowing the control of phagocytosis in macrophages. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00569-6 Synthetic biology  Tumour immunology  Tanycytes control the hormonal output of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis OPEN Helge Müller-Fielitz, Marcus Stahr, Mareike Bernau, Marius Richter, Sebastian Abele, Victor Krajka, Anika Benzin, Jan Wenzel, Kathrin Kalies, Jens Mittag, Heike Heuer, Stefan Offermanns & Markus Schwaninger The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis regulates a wide range of physiological processes. Here the authors show that hypothalamic tanycytes play a role in the homeostatic regulation of the HPT axis; activation of TRH signaling in tanycytes elevates their intracellular Ca2+ via Gαq/11 pathway, ultimately resulting in reduced TRH release into the pituitary vessels. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00604-6 Endocrinology  Glial biology  Neurophysiology  In situ wrapping of the cathode material in lithium-sulfur batteries OPEN Chenji Hu, Hongwei Chen, Yanbin Shen, Di Lu, Yanfei Zhao, An-Hui Lu, Xiaodong Wu, Wei Lu & Liwei Chen To suppress the polysulfide shuttling effect in Li-S batteries, here the authors report a carbon/sulfur composite cathode with a wrapping layer that overcomes the trade-off between limiting polysulfide diffusion and allowing electrolyte infiltration, and affords extraordinary cycling stability. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00656-8 Energy conservation  Energy efficiency  Multiscale cytometry and regulation of 3D cell cultures on a chip OPEN Sébastien Sart, Raphaël F.-X. Tomasi, Gabriel Amselem & Charles N. Baroud 3D cell culture is more relevant than the two-dimensional format, but methods for parallel analysis and temporal regulation of the microenvironment are limited. Here the authors develop a droplet microfluidics system to perform long-term culture of 3D spheroids, enabling multiscale cytometry of individual cells within the spheroid. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00475-x Cell culture  High-throughput screening  Microfluidics  In vivo quantitative imaging of tumor pH by nanosonophore assisted multispectral photoacoustic imaging OPEN Janggun Jo, Chang H. Lee, Raoul Kopelman & Xueding Wang Background optical absorption of several biomolecules impedes an effective in vivo pH imaging in tumors. Here, the authors developed a visible light-based in vivo pH mapping method by coupling photoacoustic imaging and pH-responsive modified nanoparticles that selectively target tumor cells. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00598-1 Biomedical engineering  Cancer imaging  Diagnostic markers  Planar polarized Rab35 functions as an oscillatory ratchet during cell intercalation in the Drosophila epithelium OPEN Cayla E. Jewett, Timothy E. Vanderleest, Hui Miao, Yi Xie, Roopa Madhu, Dinah Loerke & J. Todd Blankenship Various stages of tissue morphogenesis involve the contraction of epithelial surfaces. Here, the authors identify the Rab GTPase Rab35 as an essential component of this contractile process, which functions as a membrane ratchet to ensure unidirectional movement of intercalating cells. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00553-0 Adherens junctions  Computational biophysics  Endocytosis  Gastrulation  Tunable inverted gap in monolayer quasi-metallic MoS2 induced by strong charge-lattice coupling OPEN Xinmao Yin, Qixing Wang, Liang Cao, Chi Sin Tang, Xin Luo, Yujie Zheng, Lai Mun Wong, Shi Jie Wang, Su Ying Quek, Wenjing Zhang, Andrivo Rusydi & Andrew T. S. Wee MoS2 exhibits multiple electronic properties associated with different crystal structures. Here, the authors observe inverted and fundamental gaps through a designed annealing-based strategy, to induce a semiconductor-to-metal phase transition in monolayer-MoS2 on Au, facilitated by interfacial strain and electron transfer from Au to MoS2. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00640-2 Condensed-matter physics  Electronics, photonics and device physics  Two-dimensional materials  Conductance through a helical state in an Indium antimonide nanowire OPEN J. Kammhuber, M. C. Cassidy, F. Pei, M. P. Nowak, A. Vuik, Ö. Gül, D. Car, S. R. Plissard, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, M. Wimmer & L. P. Kouwenhoven Indium antimonide nanowires have large spin-orbit coupling, which can give rise to helical states that are an important part of proposals for topological quantum computing. Here the authors measure conductance through the helical states and extract a larger spin-orbit energy than obtained before. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00315-y Electronic properties and materials  Nanowires  Spintronics  Genetic correlations reveal the shared genetic architecture of transcription in human peripheral blood OPEN Samuel W. Lukowski, Luke R. Lloyd-Jones, Alexander Holloway, Holger Kirsten, Gibran Hemani, Jian Yang, Kerrin Small, Jing Zhao, Andres Metspalu, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis, Greg Gibson, Timothy D. Spector, Joachim Thiery, Markus Scholz, Grant W. Montgomery, Tonu Esko, Peter M. Visscher & Joseph E. Powell Covariance of gene expression pairs is due to a combination of shared genetic and environmental factors. Here the authors estimate the genetic correlation between highly heritable pairs and identify transcription factor control and chromatin interactions as possible mechanisms of correlation. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00473-z Gene expression  Transcriptomics  Prophage-triggered membrane vesicle formation through peptidoglycan damage in Bacillus subtilis  OPEN Masanori Toyofuku, Gerardo Cárcamo-Oyarce, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Fabian Eisenstein, Chien-Chi Hsiao, Masaharu Kurosawa, Karl Gademann, Martin Pilhofer, Nobuhiko Nomura & Leo Eberl It is unclear how Gram-positive bacteria, with a thick cell wall, can release membrane vesicles. Here, Toyofuku et al. show that a prophage-encoded endolysin can generate holes in the cell wall through which cytoplasmic membrane material protrudes and is released as vesicles. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00492-w Bacterial secretion  Bacteriology  Cellular microbiology  The Ca2+ influx through the mammalian skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor is irrelevant for muscle performance OPEN Anamika Dayal, Kai Schrötter, Yuan Pan, Karl Föhr, Werner Melzer & Manfred Grabner In mammalian skeletal muscle, the DHPR functions as a voltage sensor to trigger muscle contraction and as a Ca2+ channel. Here the authors show that mice where Ca2+ influx through the DHPR is eliminated display no difference in skeletal muscle function, suggesting that the Ca2+ influx through this channel is vestigial. 07 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00629-x Calcium signalling  Skeletal muscle    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Senior Research Associate University of Bristol Lecturer in Environmental Chemistry RMIT University Assistant Professor University of California - Irvine Postdoctoral Fellows Linköping University (LiU) Research Assistants (Postdoc Positions) Philipps-Universität Marburg Postdoctoral Fellow University of Idaho Chief Scientific Officer Buck Institute for Age Research Principal Investigator Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) Research Advisor British Heart Foundation PhD Oppotunities in Biomedical / Biological Science University of Otago More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT World Advanced Therapies & Regenerative Medicine Congress, London, May 2018 18.05.18 London, UK More science events from     Latest Corrigendum       Corrigendum: Synaptic NMDA receptor activity is coupled to the transcriptional control of the glutathione system OPEN Paul S. Baxter, Karen F. S. Bell, Philip Hasel, Angela M. Kaindl, Michael Fricker, Derek. Thomson, Sean P. Cregan, Thomas H. Gillingwater & Giles E. Hardingham 11 September 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms16158 Ion channels  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Neurotransmitters  Transcription      Advertisement Open for Submissions npj Precision Oncology is a new open access, online-only, peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing cutting-edge scientific research in all aspects of precision oncology from basic science to translational applications, to clinical medicine. The journal is part of the Nature Partner Journals series and published in partnership with The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota.   Explore the benefits of submitting your manuscript.   Advertisement Focus on actinide chemistry  Nature Chemistry presents a Focus which explores recent developments in actinide chemistry. 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