Nature Immunology Contents: September 2017 Volume 18 pp 953 - 1057

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Advertisement IncuCyte S3®: Real-time, quantitative live-cell imaging data - from incubation to publication Whether simply assaying cell health or more complex processes like migration, invasion, or immune cell killing, the IncuCyte® S3 Live-Cell Analysis System allows you to continuously see what happened and when, without ever removing your cells from the incubator. Derive deeper, more meaningful and physiologically relevant insights, plus trend and kinetic data - ready for publication or presentation. Learn how>> TABLE OF CONTENTS September 2017 Volume 18, Issue 9 News and Views Research Highlights Review Articles Resource Advertisement   Open for Submissions npj Precision Oncology is a new open access, online-only, peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing cutting-edge scientific research in all aspects of precision oncology from basic science to translational applications, to clinical medicine. The journal is part of the Nature Partner Journals series and published in partnership with The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota. Explore the benefits of submitting your manuscript.   Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Faculty Position in Immunology The Department of Immunology seeks applicants for TENURE-TRACK or TENURE-ELIGIBLE faculty positions. Candidates working in all areas of immunology are invited to apply. The successful applicant will join a highly interactive group within the Department of Immunology at Duke University Medical Center.   Advertisement Free Naturejobs Career Expo London - registration is now open  The 11th annual Naturejobs Career Expo will be held in London on October 4, 2017. Join us for your chance to network with leading global employers, receive one-to-one CV checking, attend free talks and workshops, learn how to enhance your employability and lots more.  Register FREE today!    Advertisement Open for Submissions Online-only and open access, npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine is the only fully-indexed scientific journal devoted to the management of respiratory diseases in primary care. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.   News and Views Top Myelopoiesis embraces its inner weakness   pp953 - 954 Motti Gerlic and Ben A Croker doi:10.1038/ni.3814 The ability to expand and contract populations of myeloid and lymphoid cells during emergency hematopoiesis helps shape the immune response. The expression of intracellular and soluble forms of osteopontin regulates apoptosis thresholds differently in myeloid cells and lymphoid cells to counter infection. See also: Article by Kanayama et al. Fat T cells go to the joint   pp955 - 956 George C Tsokos doi:10.1038/ni.3810 Poor glycolysis and increased fatty-acid synthesis feed the locomotion machinery in T cells from people with rheumatoid arthritis and allow these cells to enter the synovium and propagate joint inflammation and destruction. See also: Article by Shen et al. MLL4 keeps Foxp3 in the loop   pp957 - 958 Dong-Mei Zhao and Hai-Hui Xue doi:10.1038/ni.3811 The histone lysine methyltransferase MLL4 primes the locus encoding the transcription factor Foxp3 for transcriptional activation in thymus-derived and inducible regulatory T cells. See also: Article by Placek et al. NK cells join the plasticity party   pp959 - 960 Jonathan S Silver and Alison A Humbles doi:10.1038/ni.3817 The cytokine TGF-β allows tumors to evade the immune system by converting conventional natural killer cells into type 1 innate lymphoid cells devoid of cytotoxic function. See also: Article by Cortez et al. | Article by Gao et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Physician-Scientist, Translational Immunology / Vaccinology, Assistant or Associate Professor Brown University Faculty Position in Cancer Immunology Penn State College of Medicine / Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center 30 PhD positions in infection biology and immunology ZIBI Graduate School Post-Doctoral Fellow Tumor Immunology Position - Gabrilovich Lab The Wistar Institute Postdoctoral / Scientist Position in Cancer Immunology / Immunotherapy Universitatsspital Basel More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT The 3rd Int'l Conference on Tuberculosis and Respiratory Medicine (TRM 2018) 29.05.18 Chengdu, China More science events from Research Highlights Top Pathways in opposition | The eyes have it | Rodent hepatitis C model | Dopamine in germinal centers | Losing IFN | Amplifying senescence Review Top Gene regulation in the immune system by long noncoding RNAs   pp962 - 972 Y Grace Chen, Ansuman T Satpathy and Howard Y Chang doi:10.1038/ni.3771 Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly appreciated as important regulators of gene expression. Chang and colleagues review the roles identified for lncRNAs in the immune system and discuss models for how lncRNAs mediate their effects. Articles Top Skewing of the population balance of lymphoid and myeloid cells by secreted and intracellular osteopontin   pp973 - 984 Masashi Kanayama, Shengjie Xu, Keiko Danzaki, Jason R Gibson, Makoto Inoue et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3791 The size of immune-cell populations needs to be tightly regulated. Shinohara and colleagues demonstrate that intracellular and secreted osteopontin control the contraction and expansion of myeloid and lymphoid populations differently under infectious and autoimmune conditions. See also: News and Views by Gerlic & Croker α-ketoglutarate orchestrates macrophage activation through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming   pp985 - 994 Pu-Ste Liu, Haiping Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Tung Chao, Tony Teav et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3796 How glutamine metabolism orchestrates macrophage activation is unclear. Ho and colleagues show glutamine metabolism tailors the immune responses of macrophages through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. SMAD4 impedes the conversion of NK cells into ILC1-like cells by curtailing non-canonical TGF-β signaling   pp995 - 1003 Victor S Cortez, Tyler K Ulland, Luisa Cervantes-Barragan, Jennifer K Bando, Michelle L Robinette et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3809 Colonna and colleagues generate mice in which both type 1 innate lymphoid cells and natural killer cells selectively lack SMAD4, which promotes canonical signaling of all cytokines of the TGF-β family. Unexpectedly, SMAD4 deficiency does not visibly affect the differentiation of type 1 innate lymphoid cells but instead alters the phenotype of conventional natural killer cells. See also: News and Views by Silver & Humbles | Article by Gao et al. Tumor immunoevasion by the conversion of effector NK cells into type 1 innate lymphoid cells   pp1004 - 1015 Yulong Gao, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Tobias Bald, Susanna S Ng, Arabella Young et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3800 How tumors evade control by natural killer cells is ill defined. Smyth and colleagues show that natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment can convert into type I innate lymphoid cells and intermediate type I innate lymphoid cells that favor tumor growth and metastasis. See also: News and Views by Silver & Humbles | Article by Cortez et al. Increased cathepsin S in Prdm1-/- dendritic cells alters the TFH cell repertoire and contributes to lupus   pp1016 - 1024 Sun Jung Kim, Sebastian Schätzle, S Sohail Ahmed, Wolfgang Haap, Su Hwa Jang et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3793 Cathepsin S is responsible for cleaving the invariant chain Ii for the presentation of peptides by major histocompatibility complex class II on DCs. Diamond and colleagues show that the transcription factor Blimp-1 negatively regulates expression of cathepsin S and influences selection of the TFH cell repertoire and autoantibody-producing B cells. Metabolic control of the scaffold protein TKS5 in tissue-invasive, proinflammatory T cells   pp1025 - 1034 Yi Shen, Zhenke Wen, Yinyin Li, Eric L Matteson, Jison Hong et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3808 Previous studies have defined a state of metabolic reprogramming in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) T cells. Here Weyand and colleagues show that the rewiring of cellular metabolism renders RA T cells tissue invasive, directly promoting disease-inducing effector functions. See also: News and Views by Tsokos MLL4 prepares the enhancer landscape for Foxp3 induction via chromatin looping   pp1035 - 1045 Katarzyna Placek, Gangqing Hu, Kairong Cui, Dunfang Zhang, Yi Ding et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3812 Zhao and colleagues show that the histone lysine methyltransferase MLL4 primes the Foxp3 locus for transcriptional activation in thymus-derived and inducible regulatory T cells. See also: News and Views by Zhao & Xue Advertisement BD Cell Analyzers  Advancing research: One cell at a time One scientist at a time One discovery at a time  LEARN MORE >   Resource Top Translation is actively regulated during the differentiation of CD8+ effector T cells   pp1046 - 1057 Koichi Araki, Masahiro Morita, Annelise G Bederman, Bogumila T Konieczny, Haydn T Kissick et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3795 T cells undergo myriad changes after antigenic activation. Araki and colleagues show that CD8+ T cells exert dynamic control of mRNA translation during differentiation into effector and memory cells. Top Advertisement npj Vaccines is an online-only, open access, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing cutting-edge research and development on human and veterinary vaccines. npj Vaccines is now open for submissions. Explore the benefits of submitting your next manuscript to the journal.   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

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