Nature Structural & Molecular Biology Contents: 2017 Volume #24 pp 555 - 606

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Advertisement npj Molecular Phenomics is an online-only, open access journal that provides a forum for cutting-edge scientific advances in the emerging field of phenomics, the study of the physical and chemical characteristics of an individual in quantitative terms. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, npj Molecular Phenomics is published in partnership with Fudan University. The journal is now open for submissions.  Find out more >> TABLE OF CONTENTS July 2017 Volume 24, Issue 7 Editorial News and Views Articles Brief Communication Advertisement   Nature Outline: Eardrum Regeneration A burst eardrum is a common injury. Although ruptures can cause pain and hearing loss, most heal naturally. But for those that don't, there could soon be an alternative to specialist surgery. Regenerative medicine is helping the eardrum to heal itself. Access the Outline free here > Produced with support from:  Translational Research Informatics Center (TRI) Kitano Hospital Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Nature Milestones: Interactive antibody timeline Nature Milestones: Antibodies presents an interactive timeline on the history of antibodies covering everything from their initial description in antisera through to their application in immunotherapy. The timeline includes written content, video interviews and animations.  Access the timeline free online Produced with support from BioLegend UCB    Editorial Top Open-door policies   p555 doi:10.1038/nsmb.3438 Nature research journals announce new reporting summaries to promote transparency, and our editors welcome early-career researchers to the Springer Nature office in New York to discuss careers in scientific publishing. News and Views Top Chromatin-enriched lncRNAs: a novel class of enhancer RNAs   pp556 - 557 Srimonta Gayen and Sundeep Kalantry doi:10.1038/nsmb.3430 Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs are postulated to control diverse biological processes by modulating transcription, yet for most lncRNAs evidence supporting this function has been lacking. A new report describes the role of a novel class of lncRNAs—chromatin-associated enhancer RNAs or cheRNAs—in the regulation of proximal gene expression. See also: Article by Werner et al. Switching dynein motors on and off   pp557 - 559 Gaia Pigino and Stephen M King doi:10.1038/nsmb.3429 Cytoplasmic dyneins transport cellular components from the periphery toward the center of the cell. By moving cargoes along microtubules, dyneins ensure proper cell division, regulate exchange of materials between organelles, and contribute to the internal organization of eukaryotic cells. Two recent studies show that, upon dimerization, cytoplasmic dyneins intrinsically adopt an autoinhibited configuration that can be relieved by other factors to precisely control motor activity and regulate dynein-based transport. Human antibody pieces together the puzzle of the trimeric Lassa virus surface antigen   pp559 - 560 Antra Zeltina and Thomas A Bowden doi:10.1038/nsmb.3431 The envelope glycoprotein spike, the sole antigen on the Lassa virus (LASV) surface, constitutes the focal point of the host neutralizing immune response. A high-resolution structure of the trimeric LASV glycoprotein in an antibody-bound form illuminates the molecular architecture of the antigen and reveals the mode of action of the most abundant known class of Lassa-specific human neutralizing antibodies. Structural & Molecular Biology JOBS of the week Postdoctoral position in Experimental Immunology Universität Basel Research Fellow Longwood Medical Area (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute) Post-doctoral Scientist Positions in NMR / Structural Biology Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover Postdoctoral fellowship in Tissue Fibrosis University of California - San Francisco Open faculty positions for Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica More Science jobs from Structural & Molecular Biology EVENT The Second Japan-Turkey International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (JATUSPAB-2) 11.09.17 Trabzon, Turkey More science events from Articles Top RNA fate determination through cotranscriptional adenosine methylation and microprocessor binding   pp561 - 569 Philip Knuckles, Sarah H Carl, Michael Musheev, Christof Niehrs, Alice Wenger et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3419 Microprocessor components Dgcr8 and Drosha associate with transcriptionally active coding and noncoding genes in a Mettl3-dependent manner and, upon temperature stress, relocate to heat-shock genes, where they mark mRNAs for subsequent degradation. Structural basis for the cooperative allosteric activation of the free fatty acid receptor GPR40   pp570 - 577 Jun Lu, Noel Byrne, John Wang, Gerard Bricogne, Frank K Brown et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3417 Crystal structures of hGPR40, a target for treatment of type 2 diabetes, bound to a partial and an allosteric agonist explain the binding cooperativity between these ligands and present new opportunities for structure-guided drug design. Structural analysis of MDM2 RING separates degradation from regulation of p53 transcription activity   pp578 - 587 Koji Nomura, Marta Klejnot, Dominika Kowalczyk, Andreas K Hock, Gary J Sibbet et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3414 MDM2 mutations that prevent E2-ubiquitin binding without altering RING domain structure lead to loss of E3-ligase activity, while the ability to limit p53 transcriptional activity is retained, allowing cells to respond more quickly to cellular stress. Rif1 maintains telomeres and mediates DNA repair by encasing DNA ends   pp588 - 595 Stefano Mattarocci, Julia K Reinert, Richard D Bunker, Gabriele A Fontana, Tianlai Shi et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3420 Structure determination and functional analyses of budding yeast Rif1 reveal a novel, hooked N-terminal DNA-binding domain required for telomere maintenance and checkpoint control and show that Rif1's role in DNA-repair pathway choice is conserved in yeast and mammalian cells. Chromatin-enriched lncRNAs can act as cell-type specific activators of proximal gene transcription   pp596 - 603 Michael S Werner, Matthew A Sullivan, Rohan N Shah, Rangarajan D Nadadur, Adrian T Grzybowski et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3424 Functional characterization of chromatin enriched lncRNAs (cheRNAs) reveals their role as cis-acting transcriptional activators that couple enhancers at sites of cheRNA synthesis to promoters of proximal target genes. See also: News and Views by Gayen & Kalantry Brief Communication Top A MILI-independent piRNA biogenesis pathway empowers partial germline reprogramming   pp604 - 606 Lina Vasiliauskaite, Dimitrios Vitsios, Rebecca V Berrens, Claudia Carrieri, Wolf Reik et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3413 MILI-mediated piRNA processing and amplification is not essential for all MIWI2 male germline reprogramming activity, indicating the existence of a MILI-independent piRNA biogenesis pathway. Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

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