| | Biomechanics: The aerodynamics buzz from mosquitoes
Mosquitoes flap their long, thin wings four times faster than similarly sized insects. Imaging and computational analysis of mosquito flight illuminates some aerodynamic mechanisms not seen before in animal flight. | In-crystal reaction cycle of a toluene-bound diiron hydroxylase
Crystal structures and DFT calculations suggest a possible mechanism for diiron enzyme arene hydroxylation. | A B12-dependent radical SAM enzyme involved in oxetanocin A biosynthesis
The biosynthesis of oxetanocin A involves OxsB, a B12-dependent S-adenosylmethionine radical enzyme, which catalyses an unusual ring contraction of a 2′-deoxyadenosine phosphate. | Myeloid progenitor cluster formation drives emergency and leukaemic myelopoiesis
During emergency myelopoiesis in mice, clusters of self-renewing granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMP) are transiently formed in the bone marrow cavity to produce a burst of myeloid cells; in leukaemia, GMP clusters persist and constantly generate myeloid leukaemia cells. | Postsynaptic synaptotagmins mediate AMPA receptor exocytosis during LTP
Postsynaptic synaptotagmin-1 and synaptotagmin-7 mediate calcium-dependent exocytosis of AMPA receptors during long-term potentiation. | | Visualization and targeting of LGR5+ human colon cancer stem cells | Optically excited structural transition in atomic wires on surfaces at the quantum limit
A structural transition in an atomic indium wire on a silicon substrate proceeds as fast as the indium atom vibrations and is facilitated by strong In–Si interface bonds. | Star formation inside a galactic outflow
Star formation at a rate of more than 15 solar masses a year has been observed inside a massive outflow of gas from a nearby galaxy; this could also be happening inside other galactic outflows. | Single-nucleus Hi-C reveals unique chromatin reorganization at oocyte-to-zygote transition
Using a single-nucleus Hi-C protocol, the authors find that spatial organization of chromatin during oocyte-to-zygote transition differs between paternal and maternal nuclei within a single-cell zygote. | DHX9 suppresses RNA processing defects originating from the Alu invasion of the human genome
In the absence of DHX9, circular RNAs accumulate and transcription and translation are dysregulated—effects that are exacerbated by concomitant depletion of the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR. | CRISPR–Cas systems exploit viral DNA injection to establish and maintain adaptive immunity
Analysis of spacer acquisition in Staphylococcus aureus reveals that type II CRISPR–Cas systems exploit viral DNA injection to ensure a successful CRISPR immune response. | Evolutionary dynamics on any population structure
The authors derive a condition for how natural selection chooses between two competing strategies on any graph for weak selection, elucidating which population structures promote certain behaviours, such as cooperation. | Smart wing rotation and trailing-edge vortices enable high frequency mosquito flight
In addition to generating lift by leading-edge vortices (as used by most insects), mosquitoes also employ trailing-edge vortices and a lift mechanism from wing rotation, which enables them to stay airborne despite having a seemingly unlikely airframe. | | Corrigendum: Carcinoma–astrocyte gap junctions promote brain metastasis by cGAMP transfer | | | | | Seeking truth and pursuing innovation Publishing Date: Mar 30th, 2016 AVAILABLE FREE ONLINE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Functional materials discovery using energy–structure–function maps
Energy–structure–function maps that describe the possible structures and properties of molecular crystals are developed, and these maps are used to guide the experimental discovery of porous materials with specific functions.
Angeles Pulido, Linjiang Chen, Tomasz Kaczorowski et al. | Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine protected areas globally
Although 71% of marine protected areas are benefiting fish populations, their effects are highly variable, with staff capacity proving to be the most important explanatory variable.
David A. Gill, Michael B. Mascia, Gabby N. Ahmadia et al. | Neural ensemble dynamics underlying a long-term associative memory
Use of a head-mounted miniature microscope in awake, behaving mice reveals that neural ensembles in the basal and lateral amygdala encode associations between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli in a way that matches models of supervised learning.
Benjamin F. Grewe, Jan Gründemann, Lacey J. Kitch et al. | A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer
Ablation of Lgr5+ cancer stem cells does not result in regression of primary colorectal tumours, but prevents the formation and maintenance of metastasis in the liver.
Felipe de Sousa e Melo, Antonina V. Kurtova, Jonathan M. Harnoss et al. | LACTB is a tumour suppressor that modulates lipid metabolism and cell state
LACTB modulates mitochondrial lipid metabolism and changes the differentiation state of breast cancer cells, thereby negatively affecting the growth of various tumorigenic, but not non-tumorigenic, cells both in vitro and in vivo.
Zuzana Keckesova, Joana Liu Donaher, Jasmine De Cock et al. | | Ultra-selective high-flux membranes from directly synthesized zeolite nanosheets
A direct synthesis of high-aspect-ratio microporous zeolite nanosheets and the use of such nanosheets in separation membranes are described.
Mi Young Jeon, Donghun Kim, Prashant Kumar et al. | Groundwater depletion embedded in international food trade
Global food consumption drives irrigation for crops, which depletes aquifers in some regions; here we quantify the volumes of groundwater depletion associated with global food production and international trade.
Carole Dalin, Yoshihide Wada, Thomas Kastner et al. | Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo
Whole-genome sequencing of normal blood cells sampled from 241 adults is used to infer mosaic point mutations that are likely to have arisen during early embryogenesis, providing insight into how early cellular dynamics may affect adult tissues.
Young Seok Ju, Inigo Martincorena, Moritz Gerstung et al. | A retrograde co-orbital asteroid of Jupiter
Asteroid 2015 BZ509 is a retrograde co-orbital asteroid of the planet Jupiter, stably orbiting in a sense opposite to that of Jupiter’s orbit around the Sun for around a million years.
Paul Wiegert, Martin Connors, Christian Veillet | A low-spin Fe(iii) complex with 100-ps ligand-to-metal charge transfer photoluminescence
An iron complex is described that exhibits photoluminescence at room temperature, opening the way to the use of iron-based materials as low-cost, non-toxic light emitters and photosensitizers.
Pavel Chábera, Yizhu Liu, Om Prakash et al. | Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade
The transboundary health impacts of air pollution associated with the international trade of goods and services are greater than those associated with long-distance atmospheric pollutant transport.
Qiang Zhang, Xujia Jiang, Dan Tong et al. | The true tempo of evolutionary radiation and decline revealed on the Hawaiian archipelago
A geologically informed model of the relationship between changing island area and species richness for the Hawaiian archipelago reveals the rates of species richness change for 14 endemic groups over their entire evolutionary histories without the need for fossil data or molecular phylogenies.
Jun Y. Lim, Charles R. Marshall | Mapping of a non-spatial dimension by the hippocampal–entorhinal circuit
Cells in the hippocampal–entorhinal circuit, which fire in response to navigational variables such as location or speed, are shown also to encode continuous, task-relevant but non-spatial variables such as sound frequency.
Dmitriy Aronov, Rhino Nevers, David W. Tank | Antigen presentation profiling reveals recognition of lymphoma immunoglobulin neoantigens
Evidence for the abundant presentation of class II neoantigens by a human B-cell lymphoma.
Michael S. Khodadoust, Niclas Olsson, Lisa E. Wagar et al. | Effective combinatorial immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer
A new chimaeric mouse model of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer to efficiently test combination therapies in an autochthonous setting.
Xin Lu, James W. Horner, Erin Paul et al. | The allosteric inhibitor ABL001 enables dual targeting of BCR–ABL1
The selective allosteric ABL1 inhibitor ABL001 (asciminib) represents a new inhibitory mechanism for BCR–ABL1-driven malignancies, and its efficacy and evolving mechanisms of resistance do not overlap with those of other BCR–ABL1 kinase inhibitors.
Andrew A. Wylie, Joseph Schoepfer, Wolfgang Jahnke et al. | Energy transduction and alternating access of the mammalian ABC transporter P-glycoprotein
Double electron–electron resonance and computer simulations are used to describe conformational dynamics in the ATP-binding cassette transporter Pgp, which has an important role in the clearance of xenobiotics and cancer resistance to chemotherapy.
Brandy Verhalen, Reza Dastvan, Sundarapandian Thangapandian et al. | | | | |
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