| The new face of US science Gary McDowell, Misty Heggeness and colleagues present census data showing how the biomedical workforce is fundamentally different to those of past generations – academia should study the trends, and adapt. Misty L. Heggeness, Kearney T. W. Gunsalus, José Pacas et al. | Arts: Hot tickets 2017 Robots, DNA and electricity bask in the limelight, as Blade Runner reboots, Kazakhstan gets energetic and a 'space tapestry' rolls out. It's quite a year — and key anniversaries hit, too, for Canada, the anthropology dynamo the Peabody Museum and architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Nicola Jones reports. Nicola Jones | Publishing: A brief history of Stephen Hawking's blockbuster Elizabeth Leane surveys the extraordinary influence of the physicist's first foray into popular-science publishing. Elizabeth Leane | | | | |
| | | Therapeutic approaches to enhance natural killer cell cytotoxicity: the force awakens
This Poster discusses the growing armamentarium of Natural Killer cell based anticancer approaches and provides an overview of the strategies and agents in preclinical and clinical research.
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Produced with support from Lonza Bioscience Solutions | | | | | | | | | | | Targeting metastasis-initiating cells through the fatty acid receptor CD36 Human oral carcinoma cells expressing high levels of the fatty acid receptor CD36 initiate metastasis in mouse models, and metastasis is increased by palmitic acid or a fatty diet and decreased by blockade of CD36. Gloria Pascual, Alexandra Avgustinova, Stefania Mejetta et al. | Cryo-EM structure of the open high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel Two complementary studies present the full-length high-resolution structure of a Slo1 channel in the presence or absence of Ca2+ ions, in which an unconventional allosteric voltage-sensing mechanism regulates the Ca2+ sensor in addition to the voltage sensor’s direct action on the pore. Xiao Tao, Richard K. Hite, Roderick MacKinnon | Structural basis for gating the high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel Two complementary studies present the full-length high-resolution structure of a Slo1 channel in the presence or absence of Ca2+ ions, in which an unconventional allosteric voltage-sensing mechanism regulates the Ca2+ sensor in addition to the voltage sensor’s direct action on the pore. Richard K. Hite, Xiao Tao, Roderick MacKinnon | | A direct localization of a fast radio burst and its host Subarcsecond localization of the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102 shows that its source is co-located with a faint galaxy with a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus, or a previously unknown type of extragalactic source. S. Chatterjee, C. J. Law, R. S. Wharton et al. | Catalyst support effects on hydrogen spillover The mechanism of hydrogen spillover is described using a precisely nanofabricated model system, explaining why it is slower on an aluminum oxide catalyst support than on a titanium oxide catalyst support. Waiz Karim, Clelia Spreafico, Armin Kleibert et al. | Epigenome-wide association study of body mass index, and the adverse outcomes of adiposity A large-scale epigenome-wide association study identifies changes in DNA methylation associated with body mass index in blood and adipose tissue, and correlates DNA methylation sites with high risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Simone Wahl, Alexander Drong, Benjamin Lehne et al. | Sub-ice-shelf sediments record history of twentieth-century retreat of Pine Island Glacier Many glaciers and ice shelves in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are retreating or thinning rapidly, but the triggering mechanism has been unclear; now, the retreat of Pine Island Glacier is found to have begun in the 1940s following warming El Niño events in the Pacific Ocean, showing that glacial retreat can continue long after an initial push from the climate. J. A. Smith, T. J. Andersen, M. Shortt et al. | Correlated fluorescence blinking in two-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures A correlated blinking phenomenon is discovered in two-dimensional bilayer semiconductor heterostructures, whereby a bright emission state occurs in one monolayer while a dark state occurs in the other, and vice versa. Weigao Xu, Weiwei Liu, Jan F. Schmidt et al. | Centennial-scale Holocene climate variations amplified by Antarctic Ice Sheet discharge Records of iceberg-rafted debris and climate model simulations reveal that fluctuations in Antarctic Ice Sheet discharge may have amplified climate fluctuations during the Holocene. Pepijn Bakker, Peter U. Clark, Nicholas R. Golledge et al. | XRCC1 mutation is associated with PARP1 hyperactivation and cerebellar ataxia Biallelic mutations in human XRCC1 are associated with ocular motor apraxia, axonal neuropathy, and progressive cerebellar ataxia. Nicolas C. Hoch, Hana Hanzlikova, Stuart L. Rulten et al. | Identification of an atypical monocyte and committed progenitor involved in fibrosis An atypical monocyte with partial granulocyte characteristics is identified and shown to be critical for the development of fibrosis. Takashi Satoh, Katsuhiro Nakagawa, Fuminori Sugihara et al. | Splicing factor 1 modulates dietary restriction and TORC1 pathway longevity in C. elegans Precursor mRNA splicing homeostasis is a biomarker and predictor of life expectancy in Caenorhabditis elegans and defects in global pre-mRNA splicing associated with age are reduced by dietary restriction via splicing factor 1. Caroline Heintz, Thomas K. Doktor, Anne Lanjuin et al. | Synthetic recording and in situ readout of lineage information in single cells A new system, termed MEMOIR, allows cells to record lineage and gene expression history within their own genome in a format that can be read out in single cells in situ. Kirsten L. Frieda, James M. Linton, Sahand Hormoz et al. | Reducing phosphorus accumulation in rice grains with an impaired transporter in the node The phosphorous transporter SPDT is identified in rice; depletion of the transporter gene alters the phosphorus distribution in rice grains and leaves, suggesting that the strategy could be used for agricultural purposes. Naoki Yamaji, Yuma Takemoto, Takaaki Miyaji et al. | In situ structures of the genome and genome-delivery apparatus in a single-stranded RNA virus A high-resolution structure of the bacteriophage MS2 sheds light on the structure of the genome and how the genome is delivered into a bacterium. Xinghong Dai, Zhihai Li, Mason Lai et al. | Structural basis of an essential interaction between influenza polymerase and Pol II CTD The crystal structure of bat influenza A polymerase bound to a serine-5 phosphorylated peptide mimic from the C-terminal domain of cellular RNA polymerase II shows how the two polymerases are directly coupled and suggests that the interaction site could be targeted for antiviral drug development. Maria Lukarska, Guillaume Fournier, Alexander Pflug et al. | | | | |
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