Nature Chemistry Contents December 2016 Volume 8 Number 12 pp 1085 - 1168

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Advertisement Lithium-ion batteries are efficient energy storage devices that have transformed personal electronics. However, questions still remain as to whether they will realise their full market potential. Find out more about the key challenges facing their development here. TABLE OF CONTENTS December 2016 Volume 8, Issue 12 News and Views Perspective Articles In Your Element Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement All content now free to access including archives! Nature Communications is an open access journal that publishes high-quality research from all areas of the natural sciences. Papers published by the journal represent important advances of significance to specialists within each subject area including the life sciences. Visit the website to explore ALL the content available within your field. nature.com/naturecommunications   Advertisement npj Materials Degradation is a new open access journal that is now open for submissions. The journal publishes the finest content describing basic and applied research discoveries in the area of corrosion (degradation) and protection of materials.  Sign up for article e-alerts   News and Views Top Macrocyclic peptides: Tying up loose ends   pp1085 - 1086 Fumito Saito and Jeffrey W. Bode doi:10.1038/nchem.2683 Despite their potential as drugs, peptides are generally not cell permeable, which limits their practical applications in medicine. Now, linear peptides have been cyclized by using a heteroaromatic linker. This cyclization both improves passive membrane permeability and stabilizes a biologically relevant secondary structure. See also: Article by Frost et al. C-H activation: Good things come in threes   pp1086 - 1088 Marco Simonetti and Igor Larrosa doi:10.1038/nchem.2679 Three different methods that use a single ruthenium catalyst to enable the facile formation of meta- and para-substituted alkenylarenes have now been developed. The reactions proceed through a tandem alkenylation/decarboxylation process and provide several advantages over alternative approaches. See also: Article by Zhang et al. Antibody-drug conjugates: The missing link   pp1088 - 1090 Tiago Rodrigues and Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes doi:10.1038/nchem.2685 The targeted release of bioactive molecules to diseased tissues has the potential to improve therapeutic efficacy, but not all drugs contain a free functional group that can be easily attached to an antibody. Now, a linker technology has been developed to enable the traceless release of tertiary and heteroaryl amine-containing drugs. See also: Article by Staben et al. 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Molecular machines   p1090 Victoria Richards doi:10.1038/nchem.2687 Chemistry JOBS of the week FACULTY POSITION: Chemistry, NYU Shanghai NYU SHANGHAI Full-Time Faculty Position in the Department of Chemistry, Koc University Koç University, College of Sciences Assistant Professor: in "Functional Biochemistry, Cell Biology"and "Virology" at Kyoto University, "Synthetic organic chemistry, Chemistry for Drug Discovery" at Osaka University Kyoto University/Osaka University Postdoctoral or Senior Scientist in Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics University Lectureship in Multi-Scale, Multi-Dimensional Imaging of Natural and Synthetic Materials University of Cambridge More Science jobs from Chemistry EVENT Challenges for chemistry in molecular imaging 21.03.17 London, UK More science events from Perspective Top Oriented electric fields as future smart reagents in chemistry   pp1091 - 1098 Sason Shaik, Debasish Mandal and Rajeev Ramanan doi:10.1038/nchem.2651 No longer a theoretical dream, this perspective describes effects of oriented external electric fields on rates and selectivity patterns of nonpolar reactions. Discussions of the Diels-Alder reaction, C-H and C=C bond activations, etc., underscore the potential usage of oriented electric fields as future smart catalysts, inhibitors and reagents in chemistry. Advertisement npj Clean Water: open for submissions An open access, online-only journal, dedicated to publishing high-quality papers that describe the significant and cutting-edge research that continues to ensure the supply of clean water to populations. Explore the benefits of submitting your next manuscript.   Articles Top Mechanically controlled quantum interference in individual π-stacked dimers   pp1099 - 1104 Riccardo Frisenda, Vera A. E. C. Janssen, Ferdinand C. Grozema, Herre S. J. van der Zant and Nicolas Renaud doi:10.1038/nchem.2588 Single-molecule junctions provide a unique platform to understand how molecular structure affects electronic transport. Now it has been shown that electronic transport through a π-stacked dimer can be precisely controlled when pulling it apart. This behaviour is caused by quantum interference effects that are turned ON or OFF depending on dimer conformation. Oxadiazole grafts in peptide macrocycles   pp1105 - 1111 John R. Frost, Conor C. G. Scully and Andrei K. Yudin doi:10.1038/nchem.2636 Controlling macrocycle conformation represents a powerful tool for the construction of new bioactive molecules. Now, peptide-based macrocycles bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety grafted into their backbone have been synthesized via a new cyclization approach. The resulting cyclic products exhibit conformationally rigid turn structures (stabilized through intramolecular hydrogen bonding) that can display passive membrane permeability. Chemical compounds See also: News and Views by Saito & Bode Targeted drug delivery through the traceless release of tertiary and heteroaryl amines from antibody–drug conjugates   pp1112 - 1119 Leanna R. Staben, Stefan G. Koenig, Sophie M. Lehar, Richard Vandlen, Donglu Zhang et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2635 Many drugs contain tertiary and heteroaryl amines; however, these functional groups are difficult to reversibly crosslink to a carrier protein. Now, a method for conjugating anticancer and antibiotic drugs to antibodies via a quaternary ammonium salt has been developed. Cleavage of the linker results in the traceless release of the free drug and subsequent therapeutic activity. See also: News and Views by Rodrigues & Bernardes Enabling singlet fission by controlling intramolecular charge transfer in π-stacked covalent terrylenediimide dimers   pp1120 - 1125 Eric A. Margulies, Claire E. Miller, Yilei Wu, Lin Ma, George C. Schatz et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2589 Singlet fission in assemblies of molecular chromophores offers a promising route to improving solar cell efficiencies, but its mechanism is not fully understood. Now, a series of covalently bound π-stacked terrylenediimide dimers have been studied to elucidate the role of interchromophore charge-transfer states in the mechanism of singlet fission. Chemical compounds New ligands for nickel catalysis from diverse pharmaceutical heterocycle libraries   pp1126 - 1130 Eric C. Hansen, Dylan J. Pedro, Alexander C. Wotal, Nicholas J. Gower, Jade D. Nelson et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2587 Pharmaceutical compound libraries are an essential part of drug discovery and the screening of libraries for new drug leads is routine. It has now been shown that these heterocycle-rich, diverse libraries can also be used for ligand discovery. The discovery and application of several new ligands to nickel-catalysed cross-electrophile coupling is demonstrated. Chemical compounds Benzazetidine synthesis via palladium-catalysed intramolecular C−H amination   pp1131 - 1136 Gang He, Gang Lu, Zhengwei Guo, Peng Liu and Gong Chen doi:10.1038/nchem.2585 Hampered by a lack of practical syntheses, benzazetidines are one of the few rarely explored compounds in N-heterocyclic chemical space. An efficient synthesis of various benzazetidines by Pd-catalysed intramolecular C−H amination of N-benzyl picolinamides is now reported. Reagent-controlled reductive elimination of a Pd intermediate is a key aspect of this particular method. Chemical compounds Direct observation of subpicosecond vibrational dynamics in photoexcited myoglobin   pp1137 - 1143 C. Ferrante, E. Pontecorvo, G. Cerullo, M. H. Vos and T. Scopigno doi:10.1038/nchem.2569 Difficulties in experimentally achieving simultaneous structural sensitivity and time resolution have hindered the real-time mapping of the vibrational energy relaxation pathways in biomacromolecules. Now, using ultrashort light pulses to locally deposit excess energy in a protein-bound haem, the temporal evolution of the subsequent energy flow has been monitored, unravelling vibrational couplings that lead to mode-specific temperature changes. A decarboxylative approach for regioselective hydroarylation of alkynes   pp1144 - 1151 Jing Zhang, Ruja Shrestha, John F. Hartwig and Pinjing Zhao doi:10.1038/nchem.2602 Achieving high regioselectivity in hydroarylation of alkynes has been a long-standing challenge. Now, a ruthenium-catalysed decarboxylative alkyne hydroarylation with broad substrate scope, high chemo- and stereoselectivity, as well as controlled and versatile regiochemistry, is described. See also: News and Views by Simonetti & Larrosa Mass spectrometry captures off-target drug binding and provides mechanistic insights into the human metalloprotease ZMPSTE24   pp1152 - 1158 Shahid Mehmood, Julien Marcoux, Joseph Gault, Andrew Quigley, Susan Michaelis et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2591 Off-target drug binding of anti-HIV protease inhibitors to a zinc metalloprotease has been suspected for some time. Now, mass spectrometry of human zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24 in the presence of four inhibitors has provided molecular evidence for this off-target binding. These results also enabled an investigation of the effects of the inhibitors on the processing of farnesylated prelamin A peptides. The scope and mechanism of palladium-catalysed Markovnikov alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes   pp1159 - 1166 Haoquan Li, Kaiwu Dong, Haijun Jiao, Helfried Neumann, Ralf Jackstell et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2586 The selective formation of Markovnikov products in carbonylation reactions is a challenging problem, especially from unactivated substrates. Now, a highly Markovnikov-selective alkoxycarbonylation reaction is described using a catalyst system based on palladium and the cataCXium ligand POMeCy(Ph). The resulting branched carboxylates are important structural components in many flavour and fragrance products. Chemical compounds In Your Element Top Einsteinium declassified   p1168 Joanne Redfern doi:10.1038/nchem.2676 Discovered during secret testing by the United States, Joanne Redfern tells us about element 99 and why its namesake cautioned against the very technology that led to its creation. Top Advertisement Light: Science & Applications received its 2015 impact factor of 13.600. It is an open access, peer-reviewed journal, publishing fundamental research, as well as important issues in engineering and applied sciences that are related to optics and photonics.  Submit your manuscript >>>    Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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