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Lithium-ion batteries are efficient energy storage devices that have transformed personal electronics. However, questions still remain as to whether they will realise their full market potential. Find out more about the key challenges facing their development here. |  | |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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December 2016 Volume 8, Issue 12 |
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News and Views | Top |
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Perspective | Top |
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Oriented electric fields as future smart reagents in chemistry pp1091 - 1098 Sason Shaik, Debasish Mandal and Rajeev Ramanan doi:10.1038/nchem.2651

No longer a theoretical dream, this perspective describes effects of oriented external electric fields on rates and selectivity patterns of nonpolar reactions. Discussions of the Diels-Alder reaction, C-H and C=C bond activations, etc., underscore the potential usage of oriented electric fields as future smart catalysts, inhibitors and reagents in chemistry. |
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Articles | Top |
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Mechanically controlled quantum interference in individual π-stacked dimers pp1099 - 1104 Riccardo Frisenda, Vera A. E. C. Janssen, Ferdinand C. Grozema, Herre S. J. van der Zant and Nicolas Renaud doi:10.1038/nchem.2588

Single-molecule junctions provide a unique platform to understand how molecular structure affects electronic transport. Now it has been shown that electronic transport through a π-stacked dimer can be precisely controlled when pulling it apart. This behaviour is caused by quantum interference effects that are turned ON or OFF depending on dimer conformation. |
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Oxadiazole grafts in peptide macrocycles pp1105 - 1111 John R. Frost, Conor C. G. Scully and Andrei K. Yudin doi:10.1038/nchem.2636

Controlling macrocycle conformation represents a powerful tool for the construction of new bioactive molecules. Now, peptide-based macrocycles bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety grafted into their backbone have been synthesized via a new cyclization approach. The resulting cyclic products exhibit conformationally rigid turn structures (stabilized through intramolecular hydrogen bonding) that can display passive membrane permeability. Chemical compounds See also: News and Views by Saito & Bode |
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Targeted drug delivery through the traceless release of tertiary and heteroaryl amines from antibody–drug conjugates pp1112 - 1119 Leanna R. Staben, Stefan G. Koenig, Sophie M. Lehar, Richard Vandlen, Donglu Zhang et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2635

Many drugs contain tertiary and heteroaryl amines; however, these functional groups are difficult to reversibly crosslink to a carrier protein. Now, a method for conjugating anticancer and antibiotic drugs to antibodies via a quaternary ammonium salt has been developed. Cleavage of the linker results in the traceless release of the free drug and subsequent therapeutic activity.
See also: News and Views by Rodrigues & Bernardes |
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Enabling singlet fission by controlling intramolecular charge transfer in π-stacked covalent terrylenediimide dimers pp1120 - 1125 Eric A. Margulies, Claire E. Miller, Yilei Wu, Lin Ma, George C. Schatz et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2589

Singlet fission in assemblies of molecular chromophores offers a promising route to improving solar cell efficiencies, but its mechanism is not fully understood. Now, a series of covalently bound π-stacked terrylenediimide dimers have been studied to elucidate the role of interchromophore charge-transfer states in the mechanism of singlet fission. Chemical compounds |
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New ligands for nickel catalysis from diverse pharmaceutical heterocycle libraries pp1126 - 1130 Eric C. Hansen, Dylan J. Pedro, Alexander C. Wotal, Nicholas J. Gower, Jade D. Nelson et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2587

Pharmaceutical compound libraries are an essential part of drug discovery and the screening of libraries for new drug leads is routine. It has now been shown that these heterocycle-rich, diverse libraries can also be used for ligand discovery. The discovery and application of several new ligands to nickel-catalysed cross-electrophile coupling is demonstrated. Chemical compounds |
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Benzazetidine synthesis via palladium-catalysed intramolecular C−H amination pp1131 - 1136 Gang He, Gang Lu, Zhengwei Guo, Peng Liu and Gong Chen doi:10.1038/nchem.2585

Hampered by a lack of practical syntheses, benzazetidines are one of the few rarely explored compounds in N-heterocyclic chemical space. An efficient synthesis of various benzazetidines by Pd-catalysed intramolecular C−H amination of N-benzyl picolinamides is now reported. Reagent-controlled reductive elimination of a Pd intermediate is a key aspect of this particular method. Chemical compounds |
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Direct observation of subpicosecond vibrational dynamics in photoexcited myoglobin pp1137 - 1143 C. Ferrante, E. Pontecorvo, G. Cerullo, M. H. Vos and T. Scopigno doi:10.1038/nchem.2569

Difficulties in experimentally achieving simultaneous structural sensitivity and time resolution have hindered the real-time mapping of the vibrational energy relaxation pathways in biomacromolecules. Now, using ultrashort light pulses to locally deposit excess energy in a protein-bound haem, the temporal evolution of the subsequent energy flow has been monitored, unravelling vibrational couplings that lead to mode-specific temperature changes. |
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A decarboxylative approach for regioselective hydroarylation of alkynes pp1144 - 1151 Jing Zhang, Ruja Shrestha, John F. Hartwig and Pinjing Zhao doi:10.1038/nchem.2602

Achieving high regioselectivity in hydroarylation of alkynes has been a long-standing challenge. Now, a ruthenium-catalysed decarboxylative alkyne hydroarylation with broad substrate scope, high chemo- and stereoselectivity, as well as controlled and versatile regiochemistry, is described.
See also: News and Views by Simonetti & Larrosa |
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Mass spectrometry captures off-target drug binding and provides mechanistic insights into the human metalloprotease ZMPSTE24 pp1152 - 1158 Shahid Mehmood, Julien Marcoux, Joseph Gault, Andrew Quigley, Susan Michaelis et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2591

Off-target drug binding of anti-HIV protease inhibitors to a zinc metalloprotease has been suspected for some time. Now, mass spectrometry of human zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24 in the presence of four inhibitors has provided molecular evidence for this off-target binding. These results also enabled an investigation of the effects of the inhibitors on the processing of farnesylated prelamin A peptides. |
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The scope and mechanism of palladium-catalysed Markovnikov alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes pp1159 - 1166 Haoquan Li, Kaiwu Dong, Haijun Jiao, Helfried Neumann, Ralf Jackstell et al. doi:10.1038/nchem.2586

The selective formation of Markovnikov products in carbonylation reactions is a challenging problem, especially from unactivated substrates. Now, a highly Markovnikov-selective alkoxycarbonylation reaction is described using a catalyst system based on palladium and the cataCXium ligand POMeCy(Ph). The resulting branched carboxylates are important structural components in many flavour and fragrance products. Chemical compounds |
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In Your Element | Top |
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Einsteinium declassified p1168 Joanne Redfern doi:10.1038/nchem.2676 Discovered during secret testing by the United States, Joanne Redfern tells us about element 99 and why its namesake cautioned against the very technology that led to its creation. |
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