Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 11 October 2016

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11 October 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports           Biological Sciences               Corrigendum: Transcriptomic comparison between Brassica oleracea and rice (Oryza sativa) reveals diverse modulations on cell death in response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ▶     Jiaqin Mei, Yijuan Ding, Yuehua Li et al.                 Correlated activity of cortical neurons survives extensive removal of feedforward sensory input ▶     Katharine A. Shapcott, Joscha T. Schmiedt, Richard C. Saunders et al.     A fundamental property of brain function is that the spiking activity of cortical neurons is variable and that some of this variability is correlated between neurons. Correlated …             Corrigendum: In silico identification of anti-cancer compounds and plants from traditional Chinese medicine database ▶     Shao-Xing Dai, Wen-Xing Li, Fei-Fei Han et al.                 Neurodevelopmental Expression Profile of Dimeric and Monomeric Group 1 mGluRs: Relevance to Schizophrenia Pathogenesis and Treatment ▶     Jeremy S. Lum, Francesca Fernandez, Natalie Matosin et al.     Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/mGluR5) play an integral role in neurodevelopment and are implicated in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. mGluR1 and …             Performance of a Taqman Assay for Improved Detection and Quantification of Human Rhinovirus Viral Load ▶     Kim Tien Ng, Jack Bee Chook, Xiang Yong Oong et al.     Human rhinovirus (HRV) is the major aetiology of respiratory tract infections. HRV viral load assays are available but limitations that affect accurate quantification exist. We …             Highly Efficient and Stable Novel NanoBiohybrid Catalyst to Avert 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Pollutant in Water ▶     Rasel Das, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar     The present study reported for the first time covalent immobilization of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (3,4-POD) onto functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNT) for …             Erratum: Pseudomonas spp. diversity is negatively associated with suppression of the wheat take-all pathogen ▶     Zia Mehrabi, Vanessa E. McMillan, Ian M. Clark et al.                 Cost-effective scat-detection dogs: unleashing a powerful new tool for international mammalian conservation biology ▶     Joseph D. Orkin, Yuming Yang, Chunyan Yang et al.     Recently, detection dogs have been utilized to collect fecal samples from cryptic and rare mammals. Despite the great promise of this technique for conservation biology, its …             Corrigendum: Expression of GhNAC2 from G. herbaceum, improves root growth and imparts tolerance to drought in transgenic cotton and Arabidopsis ▶     Samatha Gunapati, Ram Naresh, Sanjay Ranjan et al.                 A simple, high-throughput modeling approach reveals insights into the mechanism of gametophytic self-incompatibility ▶     Jahanshah Ashkani, D. J. G. Rees     Specificity in the GSI response results from the S-haplotype-specific molecular interaction of S-locus F-box (SLF/SFB) and SRNase proteins in the self-incompatibility locus (S…             Functional analysis of CYP6ER1, a P450 gene associated with imidacloprid resistance in Nilaparvata lugens ▶     Rui Pang, Meng Chen, Zhikun Liang et al.     The cytochrome P450 CYP6ER1 has been reported to play an important role in imidacloprid resistance of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, and is overexpressed in …             Development, validation and application of a device to measure e-cigarette users’ puffing topography ▶     Anthony Cunningham, Sandra Slayford, Carl Vas et al.     With the rapidly rising popularity and substantial evolution of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in the past 5–6 years, how these devices are used by vapers and consumers’ …             Using spatially explicit surveillance models to provide confidence in the eradication of an invasive ant ▶     Darren F. Ward, Dean P. Anderson, Mandy C. Barron     Effective detection plays an important role in the surveillance and management of invasive species. Invasive ants are very difficult to eradicate and are prone to imperfect …             Corrigendum: A subpopulation of high IL-21-producing CD4+ T cells in Peyer’s Patches is induced by the microbiota and regulates germinal centers ▶     Leigh Jones, Wen Qi Ho, Sze Ying et al.                 Quantitative analysis of dinoflagellates and diatoms community via Miseq sequencing of actin gene and v9 region of 18S rDNA ▶     Liliang Guo, Zhenghong Sui, Yuan Liu     Miseq sequencing and data analysis for the actin gene and v9 region of 18S rDNA of 7 simulated samples consisting of different mixture of dinoflagellates and diatoms were carried …             IGF-I induces senescence of hepatic stellate cells and limits fibrosis in a p53-dependent manner ▶     Hitoshi Nishizawa, Genzo Iguchi, Hidenori Fukuoka et al.     Hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis determines patient prognosis; however, effective treatment for fibrosis has not been established. Oxidative …             DNA methylation landscape of fat deposits and fatty acid composition in obese and lean pigs ▶     Shunhua Zhang, Linyuan Shen, Yudong Xia et al.     Obese and lean type pig breeds exhibit differences in their fat deposits and fatty acid composition. Here, we compared the effect of genome-wide DNA methylation on fatty acid …             Effects of contrast-enhancement, reconstruction slice thickness and convolution kernel on the diagnostic performance of radiomics signature in solitary pulmonary nodule ▶     Lan He, Yanqi Huang, Zelan Ma et al.     The Effects of contrast-enhancement, reconstruction slice thickness and convolution kernel on the diagnostic performance of radiomics signature in solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) …             The relationships between HLA class II alleles and antigens with gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis ▶     Cong-cong Guo, Yi-mei Jin, Kenneth Ka Ho Lee et al.     Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. It is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy …             The chemokine CXCL16 modulates neurotransmitter release in hippocampal CA1 area ▶     Maria Amalia Di Castro, Flavia Trettel, Giampaolo Milior et al.     Chemokines have several physio-pathological roles in the brain. Among them, the modulation of synaptic contacts and neurotransmission recently emerged as crucial activities …             Dual Roles of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the Natural History of Murine Autoimmune Cholangitis: IL-30 and Implications for Precision Medicine ▶     Bi-Jhen Syu, Chia-En Loh, Yu-Hsin Hsueh et al.     Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease with a long natural history. The pathogenesis of PBC is thought to be orchestrated by Th1 and/or Th17. …             Synergistic Communication between CD4+ T Cells and Monocytes Impacts the Cytokine Environment ▶     Sarah B. Schrier, Abby S. Hill, Deborah Plana et al.     Physiological cytokine environments arise from factors produced by diverse cell types in coordinated concert. Understanding the contributions of each cell type in the context of …             Molecular dynamics simulations and docking enable to explore the biophysical factors controlling the yields of engineered nanobodies ▶     Miguel A. Soler, Ario de Marco, Sara Fortuna     Nanobodies (VHHs) have proved to be valuable substitutes of conventional antibodies for molecular recognition. Their small size represents a precious advantage for rational …             Differential Coexpression Analysis Reveals Extensive Rewiring of Arabidopsis Gene Coexpression in Response to Pseudomonas syringae Infection ▶     Zhenhong Jiang, Xiaobao Dong, Zhi-Gang Li et al.     Plant defense responses to pathogens involve massive transcriptional reprogramming. Recently, differential coexpression analysis has been developed to study the rewiring of gene …             The anti-hyperglycemic efficacy of a lipid-lowering drug Daming capsule and the underlying signaling mechanisms in a rat model of diabetes mellitus ▶     Yong Zhang, Xiaoguang Li, Jiamin Li et al.     Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder manifested by hyperglycemia. Daming Capsule (DMC), a combination of traditional Chinese herbs, is used clinically as a …             CD4-mimetic sulfopeptide conjugates display sub-nanomolar anti-HIV-1 activity and protect macaques against a SHIV162P3 vaginal challenge ▶     Kevin K. Ariën, Françoise Baleux, Delphine Desjardins et al.     The CD4 and the cryptic coreceptor binding sites of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein are key to viral attachment and entry. We developed new molecules comprising a CD4 mimetic …             Darwin’s finches treat their feathers with a natural repellent ▶     Arno Cimadom, Charlotte Causton, Dong H. Cha et al.     Darwin’s finches are highly innovative. Recently we recorded for the first time a behavioural innovation in Darwin’s finches outside the foraging context: individuals of four …             Structural and Functional Analysis of DDX41: a bispecific immune receptor for DNA and cyclic dinucleotide ▶     Hiroki Omura, Daisuke Oikawa, Takanori Nakane et al.     In the innate immune system, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) specifically recognize ligands derived from bacteria or viruses, to trigger the responsible downstream pathways. …             p21Cip1 plays a critical role in the physiological adaptation to fasting through activation of PPARα ▶     Elena Lopez-Guadamillas, Pablo J. Fernandez-Marcos, Cristina Pantoja et al.     Fasting is a physiological stress that elicits well-known metabolic adaptations, however, little is known about the role of stress-responsive tumor suppressors in fasting. Here, …             Calcium dysregulation contributes to neurodegeneration in FTLD patient iPSC-derived neurons ▶     Keiko Imamura, Naruhiko Sahara, Nicholas M. Kanaan et al.     Mutations in the gene MAPT encoding tau, a microtubules-associated protein, cause a subtype of familial neurodegenerative disorder, known as frontotemporal lobar degeneration …             HIV-1 Vpr N-terminal tagging affects alternative splicing of the viral genome ▶     Ann Baeyens, Evelien Naessens, Anouk Van Nuffel et al.     To facilitate studies on Vpr function in replicating HIV-1, we aimed to tag the protein in an infectious virus. First we showed that N-, but not C-terminal HA/FLAG tagging of Vpr …             Hexokinase I N-terminal based peptide prevents the VDAC1-SOD1 G93A interaction and re-establishes ALS cell viability ▶     Andrea Magrì, Ramona Belfiore, Simona Reina et al.     Superoxide Dismutase 1 mutants associate with 20–25% of familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) cases, producing toxic aggregates on mitochondria, notably in spinal cord. …             Genomics-assisted characterization of a breeding collection of Apios americana, an edible tuberous legume ▶     Vikas Belamkar, Andrew D. Farmer, Nathan T. Weeks et al.     For species with potential as new crops, rapid improvement may be facilitated by new genomic methods. Apios (Apios americana Medik.), once a staple food source of Native American …             Stabilization of endogenous Nrf2 by minocycline protects against Nlrp3-inflammasome induced diabetic nephropathy ▶     Khurrum Shahzad, Fabian Bock, Moh’d Mohanad Al-Dabet et al.     While a plethora of studies support a therapeutic benefit of Nrf2 activation and ROS inhibition in diabetic nephropathy (dNP), the Nrf2 activator bardoxolone failed in clinical …             Plasmonic/Magnetic Multifunctional nanoplatform for Cancer Theranostics ▶     M. Ravichandran, Goldie Oza, S. Velumani et al.     A multifunctional magneto-plasmonic CoFe2O4@Au core-shell nanoparticle was developed by iterative-seeding based method. This nanocargo consists of a cobalt ferrite kernel as a …             Detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula using an immunoliposome-based immunomagnetic concentration and separation assay ▶     Shruti Shukla, Gibaek Lee, Xinjie Song et al.     This study aimed to optimize the applicability of an immunoliposome-based immunomagnetic concentration and separation assay to facilitate rapid detection of Cronobacter sakazakii …             On The Evolutionary Origin of Symbolic Communication ▶     Paul Grouchy, Gabriele M. T. D’Eleuterio, Morten H. Christiansen et al.     The emergence of symbolic communication is often cited as a critical step in the evolution of Homo sapiens, language, and human-level cognition. It is a widely held assumption …             Multiple discrete soluble aggregates influence polyglutamine toxicity in a Huntington’s disease model system ▶     Wen Xi, Xin Wang, Thomas M. Laue et al.     Huntington’s disease (HD) results from expansions of polyglutamine stretches (polyQ) in the huntingtin protein (Htt) that promote protein aggregation, neurodegeneration, and …             Cosmic radiation exposure and persistent cognitive dysfunction ▶     Vipan K. Parihar, Barrett D. Allen, Chongshan Caressi et al.     The Mars mission will result in an inevitable exposure to cosmic radiation that has been shown to cause cognitive impairments in rodent models, and possibly in astronauts engaged …             Mu rhythm suppression reflects mother-child face-to-face interactions: a pilot study with simultaneous MEG recording ▶     Chiaki Hasegawa, Takashi Ikeda, Yuko Yoshimura et al.     Spontaneous face-to-face interactions between mothers and their children play crucial roles in the development of social minds; however, these inter-brain dynamics are still …             Oleoylethanolamide exerts anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced THP-1 cells by enhancing PPARα signaling and inhibiting the NF-κB and ERK1/2/AP-1/STAT3 pathways ▶     Lichao Yang, Han Guo, Ying Li et al.     The present study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory actions of oleoylethanolamide (OEA) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP-1 cells. The cells were stimulated with LPS …             GFinisher: a new strategy to refine and finish bacterial genome assemblies ▶     Dieval Guizelini, Roberto T. Raittz, Leonardo M. Cruz et al.     Despite the development in DNA sequencing technology, improving the number and the length of reads, the process of reconstruction of complete genome sequences, the so called …             Elective amputation and bionic substitution restore functional hand use after critical soft tissue injuries ▶     Oskar C. Aszmann, Ivan Vujaklija, Aidan D. Roche et al.     Critical soft tissue injuries may lead to a non-functional and insensate limb. In these cases standard reconstructive techniques will not suffice to provide a useful outcome, and …             The development of fluorescence turn-on probe for Al(III) sensing and live cell nucleus-nucleoli staining ▶     Anoop Kumar Saini, Vinay Sharma, Pradeep Mathur et al.     The morphology of nucleus and nucleolus is powerful indicator of physiological and pathological conditions. The specific staining of nucleolus recently gained much attention due …             Contrasting effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil respiration in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ▶     Fei Ren, Xiaoxia Yang, Huakun Zhou et al.     High soil organic carbon content, extensive root biomass, and low nutrient availability make alpine grasslands an important ecosystem for assessing the influence of nutrient …             Genetic evaluation of the breeding population of a valuable reforestation conifer Platycladus orientalis (Cupressaceae) ▶     Yuqing Jin, Yongpeng Ma, Shun Wang et al.     Platycladus orientalis, a widespread conifer with long lifespan and significant adaptability. It is much used in reforestation in north China and commonly planted in central …             Characterization of WY 14,643 and its Complex with Aldose Reductase ▶     Michael R. Sawaya, Malkhey Verma, Vaishnavi Balendiran et al.     The peroxisome proliferator, WY 14,643 exhibits a pure non-competitive inhibition pattern in the aldehyde reduction and in alcohol oxidation activities of human Aldose reductase …             Infrared vibrational spectroscopy: a rapid and novel diagnostic and monitoring tool for cystinuria ▶     Katherine V. Oliver, Annalisa Vilasi, Amandine Maréchal et al.     Cystinuria is the commonest inherited cause of nephrolithiasis (~1% in adults; ~6% in children) and is the result of impaired cystine reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. …             Corrigendum: Identification of Altered Metabolomic Profiles Following a Panchakarma-based Ayurvedic Intervention in Healthy Subjects: The Self-Directed Biological Transformation Initiative (SBTI) ▶     Christine Tara Peterson, Joseph Lucas, Lisa St. John-Williams et al.                 Comprehensive Plasma Metabolomic Analyses of Atherosclerotic Progression Reveal Alterations in Glycerophospholipid and Sphingolipid Metabolism in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice ▶     Vi T. Dang, Aric Huang, Lexy H. Zhong et al.     Atherosclerosis is the major underlying cause of most cardiovascular diseases. Despite recent advances, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of atherogenesis …             Pathological Assessment of Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: Distribution of Residual Cancer Cells and Accuracy of Biopsy ▶     Lin Xiao, Xin Yu, Wenjing Deng et al.     We investigated the distribution of residual cancer cells (RCCs) within different layers of the bowel wall in surgical specimens and the value of biopsies of primary rectal …             Synergistic efficacy of salicylic acid with a penetration enhancer on human skin monitored by OCT and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy ▶     Qingliang Zhao, Cuixia Dai, Shanhui Fan et al.     Salicylic acid (SA) has been frequently used as a facial chemical peeling agent (FCPA) in various cosmetics for facial rejuvenation and dermatological treatments in the clinic. …             Corrigendum: IRS1 deficiency protects β-cells against ER stress-induced apoptosis by modulating sXBP-1 stability and protein translation ▶     Tomozumi Takatani, Jun Shirakawa, Michael W. Roe et al.                 Testing Modeling Assumptions in the West Africa Ebola Outbreak ▶     Keith Burghardt, Christopher Verzijl, Junming Huang et al.     The Ebola virus in West Africa has infected almost 30,000 and killed over 11,000 people. Recent models of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) have often made assumptions about how the …             Ecosystem responses to warming and watering in typical and desert steppes ▶     Zhenzhu Xu, Yanhui Hou, Lihua Zhang et al.     Global warming is projected to continue, leading to intense fluctuations in precipitation and heat waves and thereby affecting the productivity and the relevant biological …             Autonomously folded α-helical lockers promote RNAi* ▶     Christian P. E. Guyader, Baptiste Lamarre, Emiliana De Santis et al.     RNAi is an indispensable research tool with a substantial therapeutic potential. However, the complete transition of the approach to an applied capability remains hampered due to …             A transgenic mouse model expressing an ERα folding biosensor reveals the effects of Bisphenol A on estrogen receptor signaling ▶     Thillai V. Sekar, Kira Foygel, Tarik F. Massoud et al.     Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) plays an important role in normal and abnormal physiology of the human reproductive system by interacting with the endogenous ligand estradiol (E2). …             Mesenchymal stem cell therapy ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via the paracrine effect of renal trophic factors including exosomes ▶     Kanna Nagaishi, Yuka Mizue, Takako Chikenji et al.     Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have contributed to the improvement of diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, the actual mediator of this effect and its role has …             Metabolomics of aging assessed in individual parasitoid wasps ▶     Apostolos Kapranas, Charles J. P. Snart, Huw Williams et al.     Metabolomics studies of low-biomass organisms, such as small insects, have previously relied on the pooling of biological samples to overcome detection limits, particularly using …             PB1 as a potential target for increasing the breadth of T-cell mediated immunity to Influenza A ▶     Ida E. M. Uddbäck, Maria A. Steffensen, Sara R. Pedersen et al.     Recently, we showed that combined intranasal and subcutaneous immunization with a non-replicating adenoviral vector expressing NP of influenza A, strain PR8, induced …             A novel proposal of a simplified bacterial gene set and the neo-construction of a general minimized metabolic network ▶     Yuan-Nong Ye, Bin-Guang Ma, Chuan Dong et al.     A minimal gene set (MGS) is critical for the assembly of a minimal artificial cell. We have developed a proposal of simplifying bacterial gene set to approximate a bacterial MGS …             Lipid metabolism is associated with developmental epigenetic programming ▶     Elizabeth H. Marchlewicz, Dana C. Dolinoy, Lu Tang et al.     Maternal diet and metabolism impact fetal development. Epigenetic reprogramming facilitates fetal adaptation to these in utero cues. To determine if maternal metabolite levels …             Zika virus infection during the period of maximal brain growth causes microcephaly and corticospinal neuron apoptosis in wild type mice ▶     Wen-Chin Huang, Rachy Abraham, Byoung-Shik Shim et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnant women has been established as a cause of microcephaly in newborns. Here we test the hypothesis that neurodevelopmental stages when the …             Differential transcriptional responses to Ebola and Marburg virus infection in bat and human cells ▶     Martin Hölzer, Verena Krähling, Fabian Amman et al.     The unprecedented outbreak of Ebola in West Africa resulted in over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths, underlining the need for a better understanding of the biology of this highly …             Moku virus; a new Iflavirus found in wasps, honey bees and Varroa ▶     Gideon J Mordecai, Laura E Brettell, Purnima Pachori et al.     There is an increasing global trend of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) affecting a wide range of species, including honey bees. The global epidemic of the single stranded RNA …             Increasing the Efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Precise Genome Editing of HSV-1 Virus in Human Cells ▶     Chaolong Lin, Huanhuan Li, Mengru Hao et al.     Genetically modified HSV-1 viruses serve as promising vectors for tumour therapy and vaccine development. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is one of the most powerful tools for precise …             Olfactory experiences dynamically regulate plasticity of dendritic spines in granule cells of Xenopus tadpoles in vivo ▶     Li Zhang, Yubin Huang, Bing Hu     Granule cells, rich in dendrites with densely punctated dendritic spines, are the most abundant inhibitory interneurons in the olfactory bulb. The dendritic spines of granule …             Identification of the nuclear localisation signal of O-GlcNAc transferase and its nuclear import regulation ▶     Hyeon Gyu Seo, Han Byeol Kim, Min Jueng Kang et al.     Nucleocytoplasmic O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) attaches a single GlcNAc to hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine residues. Although the cellular localisation of OGT is important …             Structural insights into conformational stability of both wild-type and mutant EZH2 receptor ▶     Imlimaong Aier, Pritish Kumar Varadwaj, Utkarsh Raj     Polycomb group (PcG) proteins have been observed to maintain the pattern of histone by methylation of the histone tail responsible for the gene expression in various cellular …             Versatile members of the DNAJ family show Hsp70 dependent anti-aggregation activity on RING1 mutant parkin C289G ▶     Vaishali Kakkar, E. F. Elsiena Kuiper, Abhinav Pandey et al.     Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and several mutations in different genes have been identified to contribute to the disease. A loss of …             Glibenclamide impairs responses of neutrophils against Burkholderia pseudomallei by reduction of intracellular glutathione ▶     Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, Darawan Rinchai, Arnone Nithichanon et al.     The major risk factor for melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by B. pseudomallei, is diabetes mellitus. More than half of diabetic melioidosis patients in Thailand were …             Computational prediction shines light on type III secretion origins ▶     Tatyana Goldberg, Burkhard Rost, Yana Bromberg     Type III secretion system is a key bacterial symbiosis and pathogenicity mechanism responsible for a variety of infectious diseases, ranging from food-borne illnesses to the …             Molecular surveillance on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in non-elderly adults; little evidence for pneumococcal circulation independent from the reservoir in children ▶     Anne L. Wyllie, Lidewij W. Rümke, Kayleigh Arp et al.     Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults is rarely detected by the gold standard culture method. With molecular tests of high sensitivity now available, we analysed upper …             A Nucleotide Signature for the Identification of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) and Its Products ▶     Xiaoyue Wang, Yang Liu, Lili Wang et al.     It is very difficult to identify Angelicae sinensis radix (Danggui) when it is processed into Chinese patent medicines. The proposed internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) is not …             Efficient Enrichment of Bacterial mRNA from Host-Bacteria Total RNA Samples ▶     Nikhil Kumar, Mingqun Lin, Xuechu Zhao et al.     Despite numerous advances in genomics and bioinformatics, technological hurdles remain to examine host-microbe transcriptomics. Sometimes the transcriptome of either or both can …             Antiestrogen Resistant Cell Lines Expressing Estrogen Receptor α Mutations Upregulate the Unfolded Protein Response and are Killed by BHPI ▶     Chengjian Mao, Mara Livezey, Ji Eun Kim et al.     Outgrowth of metastases expressing ERα mutations Y537S and D538G is common after endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive breast cancer. The effect of replacing …             Nutrient reduction induced stringent responses promote bacterial quorum-sensing divergence for population fitness ▶     Kelei Zhao, Xikun Zhou, Wujiao Li et al.     Bacteria use a cell-cell communication system termed quorum-sensing (QS) to adjust population size by coordinating the costly but beneficial cooperative behaviors. It has long …             Cell surface GRP78 as a biomarker and target for suppressing glioma cells ▶     Bo Ram Kang, Seung-Hoon Yang, Bo-Ryehn Chung et al.     High-grade glioma is a highly malignant and metastatic brain cancer, resistant to many existing anticancer treatments. In such glioma cancer cells, the glucose-regulated protein …             Identifying molecular signatures of hypoxia adaptation from sex chromosomes: A case for Tibetan Mastiff based on analyses of X chromosome ▶     Hong Wu, Yan-Hu Liu, Guo-Dong Wang et al.     Genome-wide studies on high-altitude adaptation have received increased attention as a classical case of organismal evolution under extreme environment. However, the current …             Mechanism of high affinity inhibition of the human urate transporter URAT1 ▶     Philip K. Tan, Traci M. Ostertag, Jeffrey N. Miner     Gout is caused by elevated serum urate levels, which can be treated using inhibitors of the uric acid transporter, URAT1. We exploited affinity differences between the human and …             Genome Sequencing of the Pyruvate-producing Strain Candida glabrata CCTCC M202019 and Genomic Comparison with Strain CBS138 ▶     Nan Xu, Chao Ye, Xiulai Chen et al.     Candida glabrata CCTCC M202019 as an industrial yeast strain that is widely used to produce α-oxocarboxylic acid. Strain M202019 has been proven to have a higher …             PAK1 confers chemoresistance and poor outcome in non-small cell lung cancer via β-catenin-mediated stemness ▶     Ming-Jenn Chen, De-Wei Wu, Yao-Chen Wang et al.     PAK1 confers resistance to the estrogen antagonist tamoxifen in breast cancer. However, a role for PAK1 remains to be elucidated for chemoresistance and prognosis in non-small …             Computational identification of putative lincRNAs in mouse embryonic stem cell ▶     Hui Liu, Jie Lyu, Hongbo Liu et al.     As the regulatory factors, lncRNAs play critical roles in embryonic stem cells. And lincRNAs are most widely studied lncRNAs, however, there might still might exist a large …             Characterisation of sensitivity and orientation tuning for visually responsive ensembles in the zebrafish tectum ▶     A. W. Thompson, E. K. Scott     Sensory coding relies on ensembles of co-active neurons, but these ensembles change from trial to trial of the same stimulus. This is due in part to wide variability in the …             GhABF2, a bZIP transcription factor, confers drought and salinity tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ▶     Chengzhen Liang, Zhaohong Meng, Zhigang Meng et al.     The bZIP transcription factor (TF) act as an important regulator for the abscisic acid (ABA) mediated abiotic stresses signaling pathways in plants. Here, we reported the cloning …             How Humans Solve Complex Problems: The Case of the Knapsack Problem ▶     Carsten Murawski, Peter Bossaerts     Life presents us with problems of varying complexity. Yet, complexity is not accounted for in theories of human decision-making. Here we study instances of the knapsack problem, …             The transcription factor Ets21C drives tumor growth by cooperating with AP-1 ▶     Janine Toggweiler, Maria Willecke, Konrad Basler     Tumorigenesis is driven by genetic alterations that perturb the signaling networks regulating proliferation or cell death. In order to block tumor growth, one has to precisely …             Testing multi-scale processing in the auditory system ▶     Xiangbin Teng, Xing Tian, David Poeppel     Natural sounds contain information on multiple timescales, so the auditory system must analyze and integrate acoustic information on those different scales to extract …             Transcriptome Comparison Analysis of Ostrinia furnacalis in Four Developmental Stages ▶     Tiantao Zhang, Kanglai He, Zhenying Wang     The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, is one of the most destructive pests of maize and causes huge losses in maize yield each year. In order to characterize the different …             Conditional Knockout of Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence 2 (BCAS2) in Mouse Forebrain Causes Dendritic Malformation via β-catenin ▶     Chu-Wei Huang, Yi-Wen Chen, Yi-Rou Lin et al.     Breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) is a core component of the hPrP19 complex that controls RNA splicing. Here, we performed an exon array assay and showed that …             Characterisation of the immune compounds in koala milk using a combined transcriptomic and proteomic approach ▶     Katrina M. Morris, Denis O’Meally, Thiri Zaw et al.     Production of milk is a key characteristic of mammals, but the features of lactation vary greatly between monotreme, marsupial and eutherian mammals. Marsupials have a short …             Dioxin induces Ahr-dependent robust DNA demethylation of the Cyp1a1 promoter via Tdg in the mouse liver ▶     Hesbon Z. Amenya, Chiharu Tohyama, Seiichiroh Ohsako     The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) is a highly conserved nuclear receptor that plays an important role in the manifestation of toxicity induced by polycyclic aromatic …             Heat-induced phytohormone changes are associated with disrupted early reproductive development and reduced yield in rice ▶     Chao Wu, Kehui Cui, Wencheng Wang et al.     Heat stress causes morphological and physiological changes and reduces crop yield in rice (Oryza sativa). To investigate changes in phytohormones and their relationships with …             Tooth enamel oxygen “isoscapes” show a high degree of human mobility in prehistoric Britain ▶     Maura Pellegrini, John Pouncett, Mandy Jay et al.     A geostatistical model to predict human skeletal oxygen isotope values (δ18Op) in Britain is presented here based on a new dataset of Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age human …             Disruption of ArhGAP15 results in hyperactive Rac1, affects the architecture and function of hippocampal inhibitory neurons and causes cognitive deficits ▶     Valentina Zamboni, Maria Armentano, Gabriella Sarò et al.     During brain development, the small GTPases Rac1/Rac3 play key roles in neuronal migration, neuritogenesis, synaptic formation and plasticity, via control of actin cytoskeleton …             Translation Elongation Factor eEF1A2 is a Novel Anticancer Target for the Marine Natural Product Plitidepsin ▶     Alejandro Losada, María José Muñoz-Alonso, Carolina García et al.     eEF1A2 is one of the isoforms of the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1. It is overexpressed in human tumors and is endowed with oncogenic properties, favoring …             Recent origin and semi-permeable species boundaries in the scleractinian coral genus Stylophora from the Red Sea ▶     Roberto Arrigoni, Francesca Benzoni, Tullia I. Terraneo et al.     Reticulate evolution, introgressive hybridisation, and phenotypic plasticity have been documented in scleractinian corals and have challenged our ability to interpret speciation …             SDF-1α-induced dual pairs of E-selectin/ligand mediate endothelial progenitor cell homing to critical ischemia ▶     Zhao-Jun Liu, Runxia Tian, Yan Li et al.     Homing of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) to the ischemic tissues is a key event in neovascularization and tissue regeneration. In response to ischemic insult, injured tissues …             Allosteric regulation in NMDA receptors revealed by the genetically encoded photo-cross-linkers ▶     Meilin Tian, Shixin Ye     Allostery is essential to neuronal receptor function, but its transient nature poses a challenge for characterization. The N-terminal domains (NTDs) distinct from ligand binding …             In vivo analysis of internal ribosome entry at the Hairless locus by genome engineering in Drosophila ▶     Thomas K. Smylla, Anette Preiss, Dieter Maier     Cell communication in metazoans requires the highly conserved Notch signaling pathway, which is subjected to strict regulation of both activation and silencing. In Drosophila …             Neuroprotective pentapeptide CN-105 improves functional and histological outcomes in a murine model of intracerebral hemorrhage ▶     Beilei Lei, Michael L. James, Ji Liu et al.     Presently, no pharmacological treatments have been demonstrated to improve long-term functional outcomes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Clinical evidence associates …             Use of aerosol route to fabricate positively charged Au/Fe3O4 Janus nanoparticles as multifunctional nanoplatforms ▶     Jeong Hoon Byeon, Jae Hong Park     Gold (Au)-decorated iron oxide (Fe3O4), Au/Fe3O4, Janus nanoparticles were fabricated via the continuous route for aerosol Au incorporation with Fe3O4 domains synthesized in an …             The phasor-FLIM fingerprints reveal shifts from OXPHOS to enhanced glycolysis in Huntington Disease ▶     Sara Sameni, Adeela Syed, J. Lawrence Marsh et al.     Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of Polyglutamine (polyQ) in exon 1 of the Huntingtin protein. Glutamine repeats below …             Intra-islet lesions and lobular variations in β-cell mass expansion in ob/ob mice revealed by 3D imaging of intact pancreas ▶     Saba Parween, Elena Kostromina, Christoffer Nord et al.     The leptin deficient ob/ob mouse is a widely used model for studies on initial aspects of metabolic disturbances leading to type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance and …             A novel Fe(III) dependent bioflocculant from Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08: culture conditions optimization and flocculation mechanism ▶     Lei Yu, Qing-wen Tang, Yu-jia Zhang et al.     In this work, the effect of cultivation factors on the flocculation efficiency (FE) of bioflocculant P-GS408 from Klebsiella oxytoca was optimized by the response surface …             Behaviors of Microcystis aeruginosa cells during floc storage in drinking water treatment process ▶     Hangzhou Xu, Haiyan Pei, Hongdi Xiao et al.     This is the first study to systematically investigate the different behaviors of Microcystis aeruginosa in the sludges formed by AlCl3, FeCl3, and polymeric aluminium ferric …             Implementation of Arithmetic and Nonarithmetic Functions on a Label-free and DNA-based Platform ▶     Kun Wang, Mengqi He, Jin Wang et al.     A series of complex logic gates were constructed based on graphene oxide and DNA-templated silver nanoclusters to perform both arithmetic and nonarithmetic functions. For the …             HMG-CoAR expression in male breast cancer: relationship with hormone receptors, Hippo transducers and survival outcomes ▶     Anna Di Benedetto, Marcella Mottolese, Francesca Sperati et al.     Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare hormone-driven disease often associated with obesity. HMG-CoAR is the central enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, a molecular route deputed to …             Pomegranate extract decreases oxidative stress and alleviates mitochondrial impairment by activating AMPK-Nrf2 in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of spontaneously hypertensive rats ▶     Wenyan Sun, Chunhong Yan, Bess Frost et al.     High blood pressure, or “hypertension,” is associated with high levels of oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. While pomegranate extract is a …             In-vivo Dynamics of the Human Hippocampus across the Menstrual Cycle ▶     Claudia Barth, Christopher J Steele, Karsten Mueller et al.     Sex hormones fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. Evidence from animal studies suggests similar subtle fluctuations in hippocampal structure, predominantly linked to estrogen. …             AML1/ETO accelerates cell migration and impairs cell-to-cell adhesion and homing of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells ▶     Marco Saia, Alberto Termanini, Nicoletta Rizzi et al.     The AML1/ETO fusion protein found in acute myeloid leukemias functions as a transcriptional regulator by recruiting co-repressor complexes to its DNA binding site. In order to …             New interpretation of the Gran Dolina-TD6 bearing Homo antecessor deposits through sedimentological analysis ▶     I. Campaña, A. Pérez-González, A. Benito-Calvo et al.     Gran Dolina is a cavity infilled by at least 25 m of Pleistocene sediments. This sequence contains the TD6 stratigraphic unit, whose records include around 170 hominin bones that …             Fully inkjet-printed microfluidics: a solution to low-cost rapid three-dimensional microfluidics fabrication with numerous electrical and sensing applications ▶     Wenjing Su, Benjamin S. Cook, Yunnan Fang et al.     As the needs for low-cost rapidly-produced microfluidics are growing with the trend of Lab-on-a-Chip and distributed healthcare, the fully inkjet-printing of microfluidics can be …             Quantitative Profiling of Single Formalin Fixed Tumour Sections: proteomics for translational research ▶     Christopher S. Hughes, Melissa K. McConechy, Dawn R. Cochrane et al.     Although re-sequencing of gene panels and mRNA expression profiling are now firmly established in clinical laboratories, in-depth proteome analysis has remained a niche …             Single cell dynamic phenotyping ▶     Katherin Patsch, Chi-Li Chiu, Mark Engeln et al.     Live cell imaging has improved our ability to measure phenotypic heterogeneity. However, bottlenecks in imaging and image processing often make it difficult to differentiate …             Splice variants of the CaV1.3 L-type calcium channel regulate dendritic spine morphology ▶     Ruslan Stanika, Marta Campiglio, Alexandra Pinggera et al.     Dendritic spines are the postsynaptic compartments of glutamatergic synapses in the brain. Their number and shape are subject to change in synaptic plasticity and neurological …             Increasing The Genetic Admixture of Available Lines of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ▶     Fabiano A. Tofoli, Maximiliano Dasso, Mariana Morato-Marques et al.     Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) may significantly improve drug development pipeline, serving as an in vitro system for the identification of novel leads, and for testing …             The scaffold protein Tks4 is required for the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages ▶     Metta Dülk, Gyöngyi Kudlik, Anna Fekete et al.     The commitment steps of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to adipogenic and other lineages have been widely studied but not fully understood. Therefore, it is critical to …             Humic acid inhibits HBV-induced autophagosome formation and induces apoptosis in HBV-transfected Hep G2 cells ▶     Kishor Pant, Ajay K. Yadav, Parul Gupta et al.     Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) utilizes several mechanisms to survive in the host cells and one of the main pathways being autophagosome formation. Humic acid (HA), one of the major …             Identification of doublesex alleles associated with the female-limited Batesian mimicry polymorphism in Papilio memnon ▶     Shinya Komata, Chung-Ping Lin, Takuro Iijima et al.     The female-limited Batesian mimicry polymorphism in Papilio butterflies is an intriguing system for investigating the mechanism of maintenance of genetic polymorphisms. In …             Loss of Atg16 delays the alcohol-induced sedation response via regulation of Corazonin neuropeptide production in Drosophila ▶     Kata Varga, Péter Nagy, Katarina Arsikin Csordás et al.     Autophagy defects lead to the buildup of damaged proteins and organelles, reduced survival during starvation and infections, hypersensitivity to stress and toxic substances, and …             Hypothalamic sensing of ketone bodies after prolonged cerebral exposure leads to metabolic control dysregulation ▶     Lionel Carneiro, Sarah Geller, Audrey Hébert et al.     Ketone bodies have been shown to transiently stimulate food intake and modify energy homeostasis regulatory systems following cerebral infusion for a moderate period of time (<…             Attenuation of synaptic toxicity and MARK4/PAR1-mediated Tau phosphorylation by methylene blue for Alzheimer’s disease treatment ▶     Wenchao Sun, Seongsoo Lee, Xiaoran Huang et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Critical components of the two AD pathological pathways, …             GSF2 deletion increases lactic acid production by alleviating glucose repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Seung-Ho Baek, Eunice Y. Kwon, Seon-Young Kim et al.     Improving lactic acid (LA) tolerance is important for cost-effective microbial production of LA under acidic fermentation conditions. Previously, we generated LA-tolerant …             Dissecting the contribution of Staphylococcus aureus α-phenol-soluble modulins to biofilm amyloid structure ▶     Patrizia Marinelli, Irantzu Pallares, Susanna Navarro et al.     The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is recognized as one of the most frequent causes of biofilm-associated infections. The recently discovered phenol soluble …             Genetic and clinical characterization of Pakistani families with Bardet-Biedl syndrome extends the genetic and phenotypic spectrum ▶     Maleeha Maria, Ideke J. C. Lamers, Miriam Schmidts et al.     Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder that is both genetically and clinically heterogeneous. To date 19 genes have been associated with BBS, which encode …             Unique Features of Ethnic Mongolian Gut Microbiome revealed by metagenomic analysis ▶     Wenjun Liu, Jiachao Zhang, Chunyan Wu et al.     The human gut microbiota varies considerably among world populations due to a variety of factors including genetic background, diet, cultural habits and socioeconomic status. …             Critical Role of Transcription Factor PU.1 in the Function of the OX40L/TNFSF4 Promoter in Dendritic Cells ▶     Takuya Yashiro, Mutsuko Hara, Hideoki Ogawa et al.     PU.1 is a hematopoietic lineage-specific transcription factor belonging to the Ets family. We investigated the role of PU.1 in the expression of OX40L in dendritic cells (DCs), …             The genetic map of goldfish (Carassius auratus) provided insights to the divergent genome evolutions in the Cyprinidae family ▶     You-Yi Kuang, Xian-Hu Zheng, Chun-Yan Li et al.     A high-density linkage map of goldfish (Carassius auratus) was constructed using RNA-sequencing. This map consists of 50 linkage groups with 8,521 SNP markers and an average …             Functional value of elytra under various stresses in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum ▶     David M. Linz, Alan W. Hu, Michael I. Sitvarin et al.     Coleoptera (beetles) is a massively successful order of insects, distinguished by their evolutionarily modified forewings called elytra. These structures are often presumed to …             Characterization of maize roothairless6 which encodes a D-type cellulose synthase and controls the switch from bulge formation to tip growth ▶     Li Li, Stefan Hey, Sanzhen Liu et al.     Root hairs are tubular extensions of the epidermis. Root hairs of the monogenic recessive maize mutant roothairless 6 (rth6) are arrested after bulge formation during the …             Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Dietzia natronolimnaea modulates the expression of stress responsive genes providing protection of wheat from salinity stress ▶     Nidhi Bharti, Shiv Shanker Pandey, Deepti Barnawal et al.     Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) hold promising future for sustainable agriculture. Here, we demonstrate a carotenoid producing halotolerant PGPR Dietzia natronolimnaea…             Postoperative hormonal therapy prevents recovery of neurological damage after surgery in patients with breast cancer ▶     Atsushi Sekiguchi, Chiho Sato, Izumi Matsudaira et al.     Cancer survivors are exposed to several risk factors for cognitive dysfunction, such as general anesthesia, surgical trauma, and adjuvant therapies. In our recent study we showed …             PTEN ameliorates autoimmune arthritis through down-regulating STAT3 activation with reciprocal balance of Th17 and Tregs ▶     Seung Hoon Lee, Jin-Sil Park, Jae-Kyung Byun et al.     PTEN is a tyrosine phosphatase with significant function in inhibiting STAT3 activation. Recently, inactivation of STAT3 has been demonstrated as a therapeutic candidate for …             A transgenic approach to control hemipteran insects by expressing insecticidal genes under phloem-specific promoters ▶     Shaista Javaid, Imran Amin, Georg Jander et al.     The first generation transgenic crops used strong constitutive promoters for transgene expression. However, tissue-specific expression is desirable for more precise targeting of …             Chimpanzees can visually perceive differences in the freshness of foods ▶     Tomoko Imura, Tomohiro Masuda, Yuji Wada et al.     Colour vision in primates is believed to be an adaptation for finding ripe fruit and young leaves. The contribution of the luminance distribution, which influences how humans …             lncScore: alignment-free identification of long noncoding RNA from assembled novel transcripts ▶     Jian Zhao, Xiaofeng Song, Kai Wang     RNA-Seq based transcriptome assembly has been widely used to identify novel lncRNAs. However, the best-performing transcript reconstruction methods merely identified 21% of …             Infant-specific gaze patterns in response to radial optic flow ▶     Nobu Shirai, Tomoko Imura     The focus of a radial optic flow is a valid visual cue used to perceive and control the heading direction of animals. Gaze patterns in response to the focus of radial optic flow …             ERK/c-Jun Recruits Tet1 to Induce Zta Expression and Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation through DNA Demethylation ▶     Wei Zhang, Dongjie Han, Pin Wan et al.     DNA demethylation plays an essential role in the reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from latency infection. However, it is unclear how epigenetic modification is initiated …             Illusions of having small or large invisible bodies influence visual perception of object size ▶     Björn van der Hoort, H. Henrik Ehrsson     The size of our body influences the perceived size of the world so that objects appear larger to children than to adults. The mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. It …             Characterization of the DNA dependent activation of human ARTD2/PARP2 ▶     Ezeogo Obaji, Teemu Haikarainen, Lari Lehtiö     Human ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 (ARTD2/PARP2) is an enzyme catalyzing a post-translational modification, ADP-ribosylation. It is one of the three DNA dependent ARTDs in the 17 …             Evaluation of A Novel Split-Feeding Anaerobic/Oxic Baffled Reactor (A/OBR) For Foodwaste Anaerobic Digestate: Performance, Modeling and Bacterial Community ▶     Shaojie Wang, Liyu Peng, Yixin Jiang et al.     To enhance the treatment efficiency from an anaerobic digester, a novel six-compartment anaerobic/oxic baffled reactor (A/OBR) was employed. Two kinds of split-feeding A/OBRs R2 …             Acetylation Mimics Within a Single Nucleosome Alter Local DNA Accessibility In Compacted Nucleosome Arrays ▶     Laxmi N. Mishra, Sharon Pepenella, Ryan Rogge et al.     The activation of a silent gene locus is thought to involve pioneering transcription factors that initiate changes in the local chromatin structure to increase promoter …             Biotransformation of ferulic acid to vanillin in the packed bed-stirred fermentors ▶     Lei Yan, Peng Chen, Shuang Zhang et al.     We performed the biotransformation of ferulic acid to vanillin using Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in the stirring packed-bed reactors filled with carbon fiber textiles (CFT). …             Fragment-based de novo design of a cystathionine γ-lyase selective inhibitor blocking hydrogen sulfide production ▶     Angela Corvino, Beatrice Severino, Ferdinando Fiorino et al.     Hydrogen sulfide is an essential catabolite that intervenes in the pathophysiology of several diseases from hypertension to stroke, diabetes and pancreatitis. It is endogenously …             Structure-based discovery of potentially active semiochemicals for Cydia pomonella (L.) ▶     Jiyuan Liu, Zhen Tian, Yalin Zhang     The development of physiologically active semiochemicals is largely limited by the labor-consuming searching process. How to screen active semiochemicals efficiently is of …             Identification of TLR2/TLR6 signalling lactic acid bacteria for supporting immune regulation ▶     Chengcheng Ren, Qiuxiang Zhang, Bart J. de Haan et al.     Although many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) influence the consumer’s immune status it is not completely understood how this is established. Bacteria-host interactions between …             Clinical Relevance and Molecular Phenotypes in Gastric Cancer, of TP53 Mutations and Gene Expressions, in Combination With Other Gene Mutations ▶     Sungjin Park, Jinhyuk Lee, Yon Hui Kim et al.     While altered TP53 is the most frequent mutation in gastric cancer (GC), its association with molecular or clinical phenotypes (e.g., overall survival, disease-free survival) …             Developing a genetic manipulation system for the Antarctic archaeon, Halorubrum lacusprofundi: investigating acetamidase gene function ▶     Y. Liao, T. J. Williams, J. C. Walsh et al.     No systems have been reported for genetic manipulation of cold-adapted Archaea. Halorubrum lacusprofundi is an important member of Deep Lake, Antarctica (~10% of the population), …             Epitomics: IgG-epitome decoding of E6, E7 and L1 proteins from oncogenic human papillomavirus type 58 ▶     Wan-Xiang Xu, Jian Wang, Hai-Ping Tang et al.     To enable rational multi-epitope vaccine and diagnostic antigen design, it is imperative to delineate complete IgG-epitome of the protein. Here, we describe results of …             Bst1 is required for Candida albicans infecting host via facilitating cell wall anchorage of Glycosylphosphatidyl inositol anchored proteins ▶     Wei Liu, Zui Zou, Xin Huang et al.     Glycosylphosphatidyl inositol anchored proteins (GPI-APs) on fungal cell wall are essential for invasive infections. While the function of inositol deacylation of GPI-APs in …             Evidence for nuclear interaction of a cytoskeleton protein (OsIFL) with metallothionein and its role in salinity stress tolerance ▶     Neelam Soda, Ashutosh Sharan, Brijesh K. Gupta et al.     Soil salinity is being perceived as a major threat to agriculture. Plant breeders and molecular biologist are putting their best efforts to raise salt-tolerant crops. The …             Nonlinear backbone torsional pair correlations in proteins ▶     Shiyang Long, Pu Tian     Protein allostery requires dynamical structural correlations. Physical origin of which, however, remain elusive despite intensive studies during last two and half decades. Based …             Aromatic and proteomic analyses corroborate the distinction between Mediterranean landraces and modern varieties of durum wheat ▶     Federico Vita, Cosimo Taiti, Antonio Pompeiano et al.     In this paper volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from durum wheat cultivars and landraces were analyzed using PTR-TOF-MS. The aim was to characterize the VOC’s profile of the …             GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features ▶     Fuyi Li, Chen Li, Jerico Revote et al.     Glycosylation plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion, ligand-binding and subcellular recognition. Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily …             DNA annealing by Redβ is insufficient for homologous recombination and the additional requirements involve intra- and inter-molecular interactions ▶     Sivaraman Subramaniam, Axel Erler, Jun Fu et al.     Single strand annealing proteins (SSAPs) like Redβ initiate homologous recombination by annealing complementary DNA strands. We show that C-terminally truncated Redβ, whilst …             B cell-derived transforming growth factor-β1 expression limits the induction phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation ▶     Kristbjörg Bjarnadóttir, Mahdia Benkhoucha, Doron Merkler et al.     Studies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS), have shown that regulatory B cells modulate the course of the disease via …             Structural and Functional Characterization of the VQ Protein Family and VQ Protein Variants from Soybean ▶     Yuan Zhou, Yan Yang, Xinjian Zhou et al.     Proteins containing the FxxxVQxhTG or VQ motif interact with WRKY transcription factors. Although VQ proteins have been reported in several plants, knowledge about their …             Hyperoxaluria leads to dysbiosis and drives selective enrichment of oxalate metabolizing bacterial species in recurrent kidney stone endures ▶     Mangesh V. Suryavanshi, Shrikant S. Bhute, Swapnil D. Jadhav et al.     Hyperoxaluria due to endogenously synthesized and exogenously ingested oxalates is a leading cause of recurrent oxalate stone formations. Even though, humans largely rely on gut …             Diaphanous gene mutation affects spiral cleavage and chirality in snails ▶     Reiko Kuroda, Kohei Fujikura, Masanori Abe et al.     L-R (left and right) symmetry breaking during embryogenesis and the establishment of asymmetric body plan are key issues in developmental biology, but the onset including the …             Activation and increase of radio-sensitive CD11b+ recruited Kupffer cells/macrophages in diet-induced steatohepatitis in FGF5 deficient mice ▶     Hiroyuki Nakashima, Masahiro Nakashima, Manabu Kinoshita et al.     We have recently reported that Kupffer cells consist of two subsets, radio-resistant resident CD68+ Kupffer cells and radio-sensitive recruited CD11b+ Kupffer cells/macrophages …             Suppression of the CD8 T cell response by human papillomavirus type 16 E7 occurs in Langerhans cell-depleted mice ▶     K. Jemon, C.-M. Leong, K. Ly et al.     Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an epitheliotropic virus that is the primary causal agent for cervical cancer. Langerhans cells (LC) are skin antigen presenting cells that are …             Replenishment of microRNA-188-5p restores the synaptic and cognitive deficits in 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Kihwan Lee, Hyunju Kim, Kyongman An et al.     MicroRNAs have emerged as key factors in development, neurogenesis and synaptic functions in the central nervous system. In the present study, we investigated a …             An rs4705342 T>C polymorphism in the promoter of miR-143/145 is associated with a decreased risk of ischemic stroke ▶     Ye-Sheng Wei, Yang Xiang, Pin-Hu Liao et al.     The expression of miR-143/miR-145 was up-regulated in ischemic stroke (IS), which may be used as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for IS. We aimed to investigate the …             Activation of Xer-recombination at dif: structural basis of the FtsKγ–XerD interaction ▶     Andrew N. Keller, Yue Xin, Stephanie Boer et al.     Bacterial chromosomes are most often circular DNA molecules. This can produce a topological problem; a genetic crossover from homologous recombination results in dimerization of …             Easy on-demand single-pass self-assembly and modification to fabricate gold@graphene-based anti-inflammatory nanoplatforms ▶     Jeong Hoon Byeon, Jae Hong Park     Zwitterionic chitosan (ZC) was modified by fully (both for lateral dimension and thickness) nanodimensional gold-graphene oxide (Au@GO) flakes under visible light and the …             Spatial and Structural Metrics for Living Cells Inspired by Statistical Mechanics ▶     Christoffer Åberg, Juan A. Varela, Laurence W. Fitzpatrick et al.     Experimental observations in cell biology have advanced to a stage where theory could play a larger role, much as it has done in the physical sciences. Possibly the lack of a …             Clinical associations of IL-10 and IL-37 in systemic lupus erythematosus ▶     Jack Godsell, Ina Rudloff, Rangi Kandane-Rathnayake et al.     Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the development of autoantibodies to nuclear antigens and inflammatory responses mediated by …             Increased Duodenal Eosinophil Degranulation in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: A Prospective Study ▶     Lijun Du, Jinhua Shen, John J. Kim et al.     Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder diagnosed by symptom-based criteria. It has been said that duodenal immune activation plays a role in the …             Normative data for the segmental acquisition of contact heat evoked potentials in cervical dermatomes ▶     Catherine R. Jutzeler, Jan Rosner, Janosch Rinert et al.     Contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPs) represent a neurophysiological approach to assess conduction in the spinothalamic tract. The aim of this study was to establish normative …             The Important Role of Halogen Bond in Substrate Selectivity of Enzymatic Catalysis ▶     Shuiqin Jiang, Lujia Zhang, Dongbin Cui et al.     The use of halogen bond is widespread in drug discovery, design, and clinical trials, but is overlooked in drug biosynthesis. Here, the role of halogen bond in the …             Electrochemical noise and impedance of Au electrode/electrolyte interfaces enabling extracellular detection of glioma cell populations ▶     Paulo R. F. Rocha, Paul Schlett, Ulrike Kintzel et al.     Microelectrode arrays (MEA) record extracellular local field potentials of cells adhered to the electrodes. A disadvantage is the limited signal-to-noise ratio. The …             Depth-distribution patterns and control of soil organic carbon in coastal salt marshes with different plant covers ▶     Junhong Bai, Guangliang Zhang, Qingqing Zhao et al.     This study was carried out in three kinds of salt marshes according to the vegetation covers, including Phragmites australis salt marsh (PSM), Suaeda salus salt marsh (SSM) and …             CXCL13/CXCR5 enhances sodium channel Nav1.8 current density via p38 MAP kinase in primary sensory neurons following inflammatory pain ▶     Xiao-Bo Wu, De-Li Cao, Xin Zhang et al.     CXCL13 is a B lymphocyte chemoattractant and activates CXCR5 receptor in the immune system. Here we investigated whether CXCL13/CXCR5 mediates inflammatory pain in dorsal root …             A chimeric protein-based malaria vaccine candidate induces robust T cell responses against Plasmodium vivax MSP119 ▶     Jairo Andres Fonseca, Monica Cabrera-Mora, Balwan Singh et al.     The most widespread Plasmodium species, Plasmodium vivax, poses a significant public health threat. An effective vaccine is needed to reduce global malaria burden. Of the …             A fragment-based approach applied to a highly flexible target: Insights and challenges towards the inhibition of HSP70 isoforms ▶     Alan M. Jones, Isaac M. Westwood, James D. Osborne et al.     The heat shock protein 70s (HSP70s) are molecular chaperones implicated in many cancers and of significant interest as targets for novel cancer therapies. Several HSP70 …             Role of areca nut induced JNK/ATF2/Jun axis in the activation of TGF-β pathway in precancerous Oral Submucous Fibrosis ▶     Ila Pant, S. Girish Rao, Paturu Kondaiah     Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is potentially premalignant with progressive and irreversible extracellular matrix deposition accompanied by epithelial atrophy and like other …             Cytoskeletal Configuration Modulates Mechanically Induced Changes in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenesis, Morphology, and Stiffness ▶     Suphannee Pongkitwitoon, Gunes Uzer, Janet Rubin et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) responding to mechanical cues generated by physical activity is critical for skeletal development and remodeling. Here, we utilized low intensity …             Improved Cryopreservation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells: A Systematic Approach ▶     A. Billal Sultani, Leah A. Marquez-Curtis, Janet A. W. Elliott et al.     Cryopreservation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) facilitated their commercial availability for use in vascular biology, tissue engineering and drug delivery …             Sorting cells by their dynamical properties ▶     Ewan Henry, Stefan H. Holm, Zunmin Zhang et al.     Recent advances in cell sorting aim at the development of novel methods that are sensitive to various mechanical properties of cells. Microfluidic technologies have a great …             Structural basis for PPAR partial or full activation revealed by a novel ligand binding mode ▶     Davide Capelli, Carmen Cerchia, Roberta Montanari et al.     The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors involved in the regulation of the metabolic homeostasis and therefore represent valuable therapeutic …             Cross-inhibition of pathogenic agents and the host proteins they exploit ▶     Leeor Zilbermintz, William Leonardi, Sharon H. Tran et al.     The major limitations of pathogen-directed therapies are the emergence of drug-resistance and their narrow spectrum of coverage. A recently applied approach directs therapies …             Preserved implicit mentalizing in schizophrenia despite poor explicit performance: evidence from eye tracking ▶     Paul Roux, Pauline Smith, Christine Passerieux et al.     Schizophrenia has been characterized by an impaired mentalizing. It has been suggested that distinguishing implicit from explicit processes is crucial in social cognition, and …             Corrigendum: A load of mice to hypergravity causes AMPKα repression with liver injury, which is overcome by preconditioning loads via Nrf2 ▶     Sang Gil Lee, Chan Gyu Lee, Hong Min Wu et al.                 Leukotriene B4 receptor type 2 protects against pneumolysin-dependent acute lung injury ▶     Misako Shigematsu, Tomoaki Koga, Ayako Ishimori et al.     Although pneumococcal infection is a serious problem worldwide and has a high mortality rate, the molecular mechanisms underlying the lethality caused by pneumococcus remain …             Corrigendum: A regulatory loop between miR-132 and miR-125b involved in gonadotrope cells desensitization to GnRH ▶     Jérôme Lannes, David L’hôte, Ambra Fernandez-Vega et al.                 A Cretaceous origin for fire adaptations in the Cape flora ▶     Tianhua He, Byron B. Lamont, John Manning     Fire has had a profound effect on the evolution of worldwide biotas. The Cape Floristic Region is one of the world’s most species-rich regions, yet it is highly prone to …             COMPASS: A computational model to predict changes in MMSE scores 24-months after initial assessment of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Fan Zhu, Bharat Panwar, Hiroko H. Dodge et al.     We present COMPASS, a COmputational Model to Predict the development of Alzheimer’s diSease Spectrum, to model Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. This was the best-performing …             Rapid genomic changes in allopolyploids of Carassius auratus red var. (♀) × Megalobrama amblycephala (♂) ▶     Qinbo Qin, Zhengfa Lai, Liu Cao et al.     To better understand genomic changes in the early generations after polyploidisation, we examined the chromosomal consequences of genomic merger in allotetraploid hybrids (4 nF1) …             Pioglitazone Ameliorates Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Cuff-Induced Neointimal Formation by Both Adiponectin-Dependent and -Independent Pathways ▶     Tetsuya Kubota, Naoto Kubota, Hiroyuki Sato et al.     The aim of this study is to elucidate to what degree adiponectin is involved in TZD-mediated amelioration of neointimal formation. We investigated the effect of 3- or 8-weeks’ …             Antibody titres and boosting after natural malaria infection in BK-SE36 vaccine responders during a follow-up study in Uganda ▶     Masanori Yagi, Nirianne M. Q. Palacpac, Kazuya Ito et al.     The malaria vaccine BK-SE36 is a recombinant protein (SE36) based on the Honduras 1 serine repeat antigen-5 of Plasmodium falciparum, adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide gel. The …             BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism Influences Visuomotor Associative Learning and the Sensitivity to Action Observation ▶     Vincent Taschereau-Dumouchel, Sébastien Hétu, Pierre-Emmanuel Michon et al.     Motor representations in the human mirror neuron system are tuned to respond to specific observed actions. This ability is widely believed to be influenced by genetic factors, …             The functional activity and effective connectivity of pulvinar are modulated by individual differences in threat-related attentional bias ▶     Yuko Hakamata, Eisuke Sato, Shotaro Komi et al.     The pulvinar is important in selective attention, particularly to visual stimuli under the focus of attention. However, the pulvinar is assumed to process emotional stimuli even …             Deficiency in Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) skews inflamed yet incompetent innate leukocytes in vivo during DSS-induced septic colitis ▶     Na Diao, Yao Zhang, Keqiang Chen et al.     Functionally compromised neutrophils contribute to adverse clinical outcomes in patients with severe inflammation and injury such as colitis and sepsis. However, the ontogeny of …             Dietary resources shape the adaptive changes of cyanide detoxification function in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) ▶     He Huang, Shangmian Yie, Yuliang Liu et al.     The functional adaptive changes in cyanide detoxification in giant panda appear to be response to dietary transition from typical carnivore to herbivorous bear. We tested the …             Nematodes join the family of chondroitin sulfate-synthesizing organisms: Identification of an active chondroitin sulfotransferase in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Tabea Dierker, Chun Shao, Tatjana Haitina et al.     Proteoglycans are proteins that carry sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). They help form and maintain morphogen gradients, guiding cell migration and differentiation during …             Two isoforms of TALDO1 generated by alternative translational initiation show differential nucleocytoplasmic distribution to regulate the global metabolic network ▶     Tetsuji Moriyama, Shu Tanaka, Yasumune Nakayama et al.     Transaldolase 1 (TALDO1) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is traditionally thought to occur in the cytoplasm. In this study, we found …             Unambiguous observation of blocked states reveals altered, blocker-induced, cardiac ryanodine receptor gating ▶     Saptarshi Mukherjee, N. Lowri Thomas, Alan J. Williams     The flow of ions through membrane channels is precisely regulated by gates. The architecture and function of these elements have been studied extensively, shedding light on the …             OAHG: an integrated resource for annotating human genes with multi-level ontologies ▶     Liang Cheng, Jie Sun, Wanying Xu et al.     OAHG, an integrated resource, aims to establish a comprehensive functional annotation resource for human protein-coding genes (PCGs), miRNAs, and lncRNAs by multi-level …             Optogenetic activation of septal GABAergic afferents entrains neuronal firing in the medial habenula ▶     Kyuhyun Choi, Youngin Lee, Changwoo Lee et al.     The medial habenula (MHb) plays an important role in nicotine-related behaviors such as nicotine aversion and withdrawal. The MHb receives GABAergic input from the medial …             The antenna of horse stomach bot flies: morphology and phylogenetic implications (Oestridae, Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus Leach) ▶     Dong Zhang, Xinyu Li, Xianhui Liu et al.     Antennae are among the most elaborate sensory organs in adult flies, and they provide rich information for phylogenic studies. The antennae of five out of eight species of …             Mining gut microbiome oligopeptides by functional metaproteome display ▶     Jonas Zantow, Sarah Just, Ilias Lagkouvardos et al.     Pathogen infections, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammatory disorders are associated with systemic antibody responses from the host immune system. Disease-specific …             Repeatability of cortisol stress response in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and transcription differences between individuals with divergent responses ▶     A. Samaras, A. Dimitroglou, E. Sarropoulou et al.     Understanding the stress responses of organisms is of importance in the performance and welfare of farmed animals, including fish. Especially fish in aquaculture commonly face …             Lateralization of gene expression in the honeybee brain during olfactory learning ▶     Yu Guo, Zilong Wang, You Li et al.     In the last decade, it has been demonstrated that brain functional asymmetry occurs not only in vertebrates but also in invertebrates. However, the mechanisms underlying …             The Principles of Ligand Specificity on beta-2-adrenergic receptor ▶     H. C. Stephen Chan, Slawomir Filipek, Shuguang Yuan     G protein-coupled receptors are recognized as one of the largest families of membrane proteins. Despite sharing a characteristic seven-transmembrane topology, G protein-coupled …             Preparation of cross-linked hen-egg white lysozyme crystals free of cracks ▶     Er-Kai Yan, Qin-Qin Lu, Chen-Yan Zhang et al.     Cross-linked protein crystals (CLPCs) are very useful materials in applications such as biosensors, catalysis, and X-ray crystallography. Hence, preparation of CLPCs is an …             Seven 365-Million-Year-Old Trilobites Moulting within a Nautiloid Conch ▶     Rui-Wen Zong, Ruo-Ying Fan, Yi-Ming Gong     A nautiloid conch containing many disarticulated exoskeletons of Omegops cornelius (Phacopidae, Trilobita) was found in the Upper Devonian Hongguleleng Formation of the …             Antiangiogenic therapy using endostatin increases the number of ALDH+ lung cancer stem cells by generating intratumor hypoxia ▶     Yang Yu, Yu-yi Wang, Yi-qin Wang et al.     Antiangiogenic therapy is becoming a promising option for cancer treatment. However, many investigations have recently indicated that these therapies may have limited efficacy, …             A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase molecular switch occurs in the gills of metamorphic sea lamprey ▶     D. Ferreira-Martins, S. D. McCormick, A. Campos et al.     Carbonic anhydrase plays a key role in CO2 transport, acid-base and ion regulation and metabolic processes in vertebrates. While several carbonic anhydrase isoforms have been …             Neocortical grey matter distribution underlying voluntary, flexible vocalizations in chimpanzees ▶     Serena Bianchi, Laura D. Reyes, William D. Hopkins et al.     Vocal learning is a key property of spoken language, which might also be present in nonhuman primate species, such as chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), to a limited degree. While …             Transcriptome and Metabolite analysis reveal candidate genes of the cardiac glycoside biosynthetic pathway from Calotropis procera ▶     Akansha Pandey, Vishakha Swarnkar, Tushar Pandey et al.     Calotropis procera is a medicinal plant of immense importance due to its pharmaceutical active components, especially cardiac glycosides (CG). As genomic resources for this plant …             Epimerisation of chiral hydroxylactones by short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases accounts for sex pheromone evolution in Nasonia ▶     Joachim Ruther, Åsa K. Hagström, Birgit Brandstetter et al.     Males of all species of the parasitic wasp genus Nasonia use (4R,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-decanolide (RS) as component of their sex pheromone while only N. vitripennis (Nv), employs …             LC-MS Based Sphingolipidomic Study on A2780 Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line and its Taxol-resistant Strain ▶     Hao Huang, Tian-Tian Tong, Lee-Fong Yau et al.     Drug resistance elicited by cancer cells continue to cause huge problems world-wide, for example, tens of thousands of patients are suffering from taxol-resistant human ovarian …             A Tetravalent Sub-unit Dengue Vaccine Formulated with Ionizable Cationic Lipid Nanoparticle induces Significant Immune Responses in Rodents and Non-Human Primates ▶     Gokul Swaminathan, Elizabeth A. Thoryk, Kara S. Cox et al.     Dengue virus has emerged as an important arboviral infection worldwide. As a complex pathogen, with four distinct serotypes, the development of a successful Dengue virus vaccine …             Metabolomic Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast Cells in Response to Autophagy Induced by Acute Starvation ▶     Sensen Shen, Rui Weng, Linnan Li et al.     Autophagy-related protein 7 (Atg7) is essential in the formation of the autophagophore and is indispensable for autophagy induction. Autophagy will exist in lower level or even …             A novel exopolysaccharide elicitor from endophytic fungus Gilmaniella sp. AL12 on volatile oils accumulation in Atractylodes lancea ▶     Fei Chen, Cheng-Gang Ren, Tong Zhou et al.     Endophytes and plants can establish specific long-term symbiosis through the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Previous studies have shown that the endophytic fungus …             Dissection of brassinosteroid-regulated proteins in rice embryos during germination by quantitative proteomics ▶     Qian-Feng Li, Min Xiong, Peng Xu et al.     Brassinosteroids (BRs), essential plant-specific steroidal hormones, function in a wide spectrum of plant growth and development events, including seed germination. Rice is not …             Epigraph: A Vaccine Design Tool Applied to an HIV Therapeutic Vaccine and a Pan-Filovirus Vaccine ▶     James Theiler, Hyejin Yoon, Karina Yusim et al.     Epigraph is an efficient graph-based algorithm for designing vaccine antigens to optimize potential T-cell epitope (PTE) coverage. Epigraph vaccine antigens are functionally …             Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights the complex and dynamic behavior of toosendanin-induced liver injury in mice ▶     Xiaoyan Lu, Cai Ji, Wei Tong et al.     Triterpenoid Toosendanin (TSN) exhibits a plenty of pharmacological effects in human and great values in agriculture. However, the hepatotoxicity caused by TSN or Melia-family …             Cold tolerance and silencing of three cold-tolerance genes of overwintering Chinese white pine larvae ▶     Juan Wang, Ran-Ran Zhang, Guan-Qun Gao et al.     The values of physiological indices and the enzymes activities involved in the overwintering stage were studied in D. armandi larvae in each month from October 2014 to March …             Effects of histone acetylation on superoxide dismutase 1 gene expression in the pathogenesis of senile cataract ▶     Xianfang Rong, Xiaodi Qiu, Yongxiang Jiang et al.     Histone acetylation plays key roles in gene expression, but its effects on superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression in senile cataract remains unknown. To address this problem, …             Novel population of small tumour-initiating stem cells in the ovaries of women with borderline ovarian cancer ▶     Irma Virant-Klun, Martin Stimpfel     Small stem cells with diameters of up to 5 μm previously isolated from adult human ovaries indicated pluripotency and germinal lineage, especially primordial germ cells, and …             Forest biomass carbon stocks and variation in Tibet’s carbon-dense forests from 2001 to 2050 ▶     Xiangyang Sun, Genxu Wang, Mei Huang et al.     Tibet’s forests, in contrast to China’s other forests, are characterized by primary forests, high carbon (C) density and less anthropogenic disturbance, and they function as an …             4-Аminopyridine sequesters intracellular Ca2+ which triggers exocytosis in excitable and non-excitable cells ▶     Ludmila A. Kasatkina     4-aminopyridine is commonly used to stimulate neurotransmitter release resulting from sustained plasma membrane depolarization and Ca2+-influx from the extracellular space. This …             Measuring populations to improve vaccination coverage ▶     Nita Bharti, Ali Djibo, Andrew J. Tatem et al.     In low-income settings, vaccination campaigns supplement routine immunization but often fail to achieve coverage goals due to uncertainty about target population size and …             Effects of Resistance-Associated NS5A Mutations in Hepatitis C Virus on Viral Production and Susceptibility to Antiviral Reagents ▶     Sayuri Nitta, Yasuhiro Asahina, Mami Matsuda et al.     Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) have potent anti-HCV effects but may provoke resistance-associated variants (RAVs). In this study, we assessed the …             Association of interleukin 16 gene polymorphisms and plasma IL16 level with osteosarcoma risk ▶     Yu-Jin Tang, Jun-Li Wang, Ke-Gong Xie et al.     Interleukin (IL) 16 plays a key role in inflammatory diseases as well as in tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of IL16 …             Necrostatin-1 treatment inhibits osteocyte necroptosis and trabecular deterioration in ovariectomized rats ▶     Hongwang Cui, Yongjun Zhu, Qiming Yang et al.     Estrogen (E2) deficiency has been associated with accelerated osteocyte apoptosis. Our previous study showed necroptosis accelerated the loss of osteocytes in E2 …             Risk of prenatal depression and stress treatment: alteration on serotonin system of offspring through exposure to Fluoxetine ▶     Siran Pei, Li Liu, Zhaomin Zhong et al.     Fluoxetine is widely used to treat depression, including depression in pregnant and postpartum women. Studies suggest that fluoxetine may have adverse effects on offspring, …             Rapid detection of abrin in foods with an up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral flow assay ▶     Xiao Liu, Yong Zhao, Chongyun Sun et al.     Abrin is a natural plant toxin found in the seeds of Abrus precatorius. It may be used for food poisoning or bioterrorism, seriously endangering public health. In this study, a …             Paracrine Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Matrix Stiffness-Induced Cardiac Myofibroblast Differentiation via Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor and Smad7 ▶     Kar Wey Yong, Yuhui Li, Fusheng Liu et al.     Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hold great promise in cardiac fibrosis therapy, due to their potential ability of inhibiting cardiac myofibroblast differentiation (a …             Matrix factorization reveals aging-specific co-expression gene modules in the fat and muscle tissues in nonhuman primates ▶     Yongcui Wang, Weiling Zhao, Xiaobo Zhou     Accurate identification of coherent transcriptional modules (subnetworks) in adipose and muscle tissues is important for revealing the related mechanisms and co-regulated …             Feature Subset Selection for Cancer Classification Using Weight Local Modularity ▶     Guodong Zhao, Yan Wu     Microarray is recently becoming an important tool for profiling the global gene expression patterns of tissues. Gene selection is a popular technology for cancer classification …             A comprehensive insight into functional profiles of free-living microbial community responses to a toxic Akashiwo sanguinea bloom ▶     Caiyun Yang, Yi Li, Yanyan Zhou et al.     Phytoplankton blooms are a worldwide problem and can greatly affect ecological processes in aquatic systems, but its impacts on the functional potential of microbial communities …             Extracting quantitative information from single-molecule super-resolution imaging data with LAMA – LocAlization Microscopy Analyzer ▶     Sebastian Malkusch, Mike Heilemann     Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy revolutionizes cell biology research and provides novel insights on how proteins are organized at the nanoscale and in the cellular …             Computer keyboard interaction as an indicator of early Parkinson’s disease ▶     L. Giancardo, A. Sánchez-Ferro, T. Arroyo-Gallego et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressing neurodegenerative disease with early manifestation of motor signs. Objective measurements of motor signs are of vital importance …             Gallic acid prevents isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through regulation of JNK2 signaling and Smad3 binding activity ▶     Yuhee Ryu, Li Jin, Hae Jin Kee et al.     Gallic acid, a type of phenolic acid, has been shown to have beneficial effects in inflammation, vascular calcification, and metabolic diseases. The present study was aimed at …             Undermining and Strengthening Social Networks through Network Modification ▶     Jonathan Mellon, Jordan Yoder, Daniel Evans     Social networks have well documented effects at the individual and aggregate level. Consequently it is often useful to understand how an attempt to influence a network will …             l-Ornithine affects peripheral clock gene expression in mice ▶     Takafumi Fukuda, Atsushi Haraguchi, Mari Kuwahara et al.     The peripheral circadian clock is entrained by factors in the external environment such as scheduled feeding, exercise, and mental and physical stresses. In addition, recent …             Elastic Scattering Spectroscopy (ESS): an Instrument-Concept for Dynamics of Complex (Bio-) Systems From Elastic Neutron Scattering ▶     Antonio Benedetto, Gordon J. Kearley     A new type of neutron-scattering spectroscopy is presented that is designed specifically to measure dynamics in bio-systems that are difficult to obtain in any other way. The …             Rhein reversal of DNA hypermethylation-associated Klotho suppression ameliorates renal fibrosis in mice ▶     Qin Zhang, Shasha Yin, Lin Liu et al.     Renal fibrosis is the hallmark of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and its development and progression are significantly affected by epigenetic modifications. Rhein, a plant-derived …             Biomimetic carriers mimicking leukocyte plasma membrane to increase tumor vasculature permeability ▶     R. Palomba, A. Parodi, M. Evangelopoulos et al.     Recent advances in the field of nanomedicine have demonstrated that biomimicry can further improve targeting properties of current nanotechnologies while simultaneously enable …             GDF11 improves tubular regeneration after acute kidney injury in elderly mice ▶     Ying Zhang, Qinggang Li, Dong Liu et al.     The GDF11 expression pattern and its effect on organ regeneration after acute injury in the elderly population are highly controversial topics. In our study, GDF11/8 expression …             Dual targeting of ANGPT1 and TGFBR2 genes by miR-204 controls angiogenesis in breast cancer ▶     Ali Flores-Pérez, Laurence A. Marchat, Sergio Rodríguez-Cuevas et al.     Deregulated expression of microRNAs has been associated with angiogenesis. Studying the miRNome of locally advanced breast tumors we unsuspectedly found a dramatically repression …             The pioneering role of PRDM9 indel mutations in tarsier evolution ▶     Sacha Heerschop, Hans Zischler, Stefan Merker et al.     PRDM9 is currently the sole speciation gene found in vertebrates causing hybrid sterility probably due to incompatible alleles. Its role in defining the double strand break loci …             Haptic adaptation to slant: No transfer between exploration modes ▶     Loes C. J. van Dam, Myrthe A. Plaisier, Catharina Glowania et al.     Human touch is an inherently active sense: to estimate an object’s shape humans often move their hand across its surface. This way the object is sampled both in a serial …             ALB3 Insertase Mediates Cytochrome b6 Co-translational Import into the Thylakoid Membrane ▶     Jarosław Króliczewski, Małgorzata Piskozub, Rafał Bartoszewski et al.     The cytochrome b6 f complex occupies an electrochemically central position in the electron-transport chain bridging the photosynthetic reaction center of PS I and PS II. In …             Comparing performance of modern genotype imputation methods in different ethnicities ▶     Nab Raj Roshyara, Katrin Horn, Holger Kirsten et al.     A variety of modern software packages are available for genotype imputation relying on advanced concepts such as pre-phasing of the target dataset or utilization of admixed …             ProQ3: Improved model quality assessments using Rosetta energy terms ▶     Karolis Uziela, Nanjiang Shu, Björn Wallner et al.     Quality assessment of protein models using no other information than the structure of the model itself has been shown to be useful for structure prediction. Here, we introduce …             Triggering signaling pathways using F-actin self-organization ▶     A. Colin, L. Bonnemay, C. Gayrard et al.     The spatiotemporal organization of proteins within cells is essential for cell fate behavior. Although it is known that the cytoskeleton is vital for numerous cellular functions, …             Insights into cancer severity from biomolecular interaction mechanisms ▶     Francesco Raimondi, Gurdeep Singh, Matthew J. Betts et al.     To attain a deeper understanding of diseases like cancer, it is critical to couple genetics with biomolecular mechanisms. High-throughput sequencing has identified thousands of …             A crucial role for spatial distribution in bacterial quorum sensing ▶     Meng Gao, Huizhen Zheng, Ying Ren et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a process that enables bacteria to communicate using secreted signaling molecules, and then makes a population of bacteria to regulate gene expression …             Apocynin and Nox2 regulate NF-κB by modifying thioredoxin-1 redox-state ▶     Silvia Cellone Trevelin, Célio Xavier dos Santos, Raphael Gomes Ferreira et al.     The reactive-oxygen-species-(ROS)-generating-enzyme Nox2 is essential for leukocyte anti-microbial activity. However its role in cellular redox homeostasis and, consequently, in …             Microbial Degradation of Cellular Kinases Impairs Innate Immune Signaling and Paracrine TNFα Responses ▶     Kenneth Barth, Caroline Attardo Genco     The NFκB and MAPK signaling pathways are critical components of innate immunity that orchestrate appropriate immune responses to control and eradicate pathogens. Their activation …             One-Pot Approach to Prepare Organo-silica Hybrid Capillary Monolithic Column with Intact Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle as Building Block ▶     Shengju Liu, Jiaxi Peng, Zheyi Liu et al.     A facile “one-pot” approach to prepare organo-silica hybrid capillary monolithic column with intact mesoporous silica nanoparticle (IMSN) as crosslinker and building block was …             Characterization of a very rare case of living ewe-buck hybrid using classical and molecular cytogenetics ▶     Alfredo Pauciullo, Christoph Knorr, Angela Perucatti et al.     The natural occurrence of live hybrid offsprings between sheep and goats has been documented in literature, however all the studies have reported the mating of goats with rams, …             Factors controlling bark decomposition and its role in wood decomposition in five tropical tree species ▶     Gbadamassi G. O. Dossa, Ekananda Paudel, Kunfang Cao et al.     Organic matter decomposition represents a vital ecosystem process by which nutrients are made available for plant uptake and is a major flux in the global carbon cycle. Previous …             Non-invasive modulation of somatosensory evoked potentials by the application of static magnetic fields over the primary and supplementary motor cortices ▶     Hikari Kirimoto, Akihiko Asao, Hiroyuki Tamaki et al.     This study was performed to investigate the possibility of non-invasive modulation of SEPs by the application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the …             Applying high-resolution melting (HRM) technology to identify five commonly used Artemisia species ▶     Ming Song, Jingjian Li, Chao Xiong et al.     Many members of the genus Artemisia are important for medicinal purposes with multiple pharmacological properties. Often, these herbal plants sold on the markets are in processed …             TM4 of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 experiences substrate-induced motion during the transport cycle ▶     Xiuliang Rong, Feng Tan, Xiaojuan Wu et al.     Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), also known as glial glutamate transporter type 1 (GLT-1), plays an important role in maintaining the extracellular glutamate …             Measuring cell surface area and deformability of individual human red blood cells over blood storage using quantitative phase imaging ▶     HyunJoo Park, SangYun Lee, Misuk Ji et al.     The functionality and viability of stored human red blood cells (RBCs) is an important clinical issue in transfusions. To systematically investigate changes in stored whole …             First Direct Evidence of Long-distance Seasonal Movements and Hibernation in a Migratory Bat ▶     Theodore J. Weller, Kevin T. Castle, Felix Liechti et al.     Understanding of migration in small bats has been constrained by limitations of techniques that were labor-intensive, provided coarse levels of resolution, or were limited to …             Entrainment of circadian rhythms to irregular light/dark cycles: a subterranean perspective ▶     Danilo E. F. L. Flôres, Milene G. Jannetti, Veronica S. Valentinuzzi et al.     Synchronization of biological rhythms to the 24-hour day/night has long been studied with model organisms, under artificial light/dark cycles in the laboratory. The commonly used …             Formal nomenclature and description of cryptic species of the Encyrtus sasakii complex (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) ▶     Ying Wang, Qing-Song Zhou, Hui-Jie Qiao et al.     With the recent development of molecular approaches to species delimitation, a growing number of cryptic species have been discovered in what had previously been thought to be …             A novel injectable BRET-based in vivo imaging probe for detecting the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system ▶     Takahiro Kuchimaru, Tomoya Suka, Keisuke Hirota et al.     The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a selective protein degradation system that plays a critical role in many essential biological processes by regulating the existence of …             High expression of new genes in trochophore enlightening the ontogeny and evolution of trochozoans ▶     Fei Xu, Tomislav Domazet-Lošo, Dingding Fan et al.     Animals with trochophore larvae belong to Trochozoa, one of the main branches of Bilateria. In addition to exhibiting spiral cleavage and early cell fate determination, …             Intravital imaging reveals improved Kupffer cell-mediated phagocytosis as a mode of action of glycoengineered anti-CD20 antibodies ▶     Capucine L. Grandjean, Fabricio Montalvao, Susanna Celli et al.     Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent an effective treatment for a number of B cell malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Glycoengineering of anti-CD20mAb may …             The ubiquitin ligase TRIM27 functions as a host restriction factor antagonized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis PtpA during mycobacterial infection ▶     Jing Wang, Jade L. L. Teng, Dongdong Zhao et al.     Macrophage-mediated innate immune responses play crucial roles in host defense against pathogens. Recent years have seen an explosion of host proteins that act as restriction …             Effect of an Experimental Direct Pulp-capping Material on the Properties and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells ▶     Fan Yu, Yan Dong, Yan-wei Yang et al.     Effective pulp-capping materials must have antibacterial properties and induce dentin bridge formation; however, many current materials do not satisfy clinical requirements. …             1,25 (OH)2D3 treatment alters the granulomatous response in M. tuberculosis infected mice ▶     Kamlesh Bhatt, Wasiulla Rafi, Neel Shah et al.     Induction of cathelicidin-mediated antimicrobial pathway against intracellular M. tuberculosis by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active form of vitamin D, has been …             Prediction of phosphothreonine sites in human proteins by fusing different features ▶     Ya-Wei Zhao, Hong-Yan Lai, Hua Tang et al.     Phosphorylation is one of the most important protein post-translation modifications. With the rapid development of high-throughput mass spectrometry, phosphorylation site data is …             Exome sequencing in the knockin mice generated using the CRISPR/Cas system ▶     Kazuo Nakajima, An-a Kazuno, John Kelsoe et al.     Knockin (KI) mouse carrying a point mutation has been an invaluable tool for disease modeling and analysis. Genome editing technologies using the CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as …             Repeated superovulation may affect mitochondrial functions of cumulus cells in mice ▶     Juan-Ke Xie, Qian Wang, Ting-Ting Zhang et al.     Controlled ovarian stimulation by exogenous gonadotrophins is a key procedure during the in vitro fertilization cycle to obtain a sufficient number of oocytes in humans. Previous …             Structural studies of the N-terminal fragments of the WW domain: Insights into co-translational folding of a beta-sheet protein ▶     Yuya Hanazono, Kazuki Takeda, Kunio Miki     Nascent proteins fold co-translationally because the folding speed and folding pathways are limited by the rate of ribosome biosynthesis in the living cell. In addition, though …             Histone acetylation dependent energy landscapes in tri-nucleosome revealed by residue-resolved molecular simulations ▶     Le Chang, Shoji Takada     Histone tail acetylation is a key epigenetic marker that tends to open chromatin folding and activate transcription. Despite intensive studies, precise roles of individual lysine …             MiR-125a-3p timely inhibits oligodendroglial maturation and is pathologically up-regulated in human multiple sclerosis ▶     Davide Lecca, Davide Marangon, Giusy T. Coppolino et al.     In the mature central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes provide support and insulation to axons thanks to the production of a myelin sheath. During their maturation to …             Kupffer cells induce Notch-mediated hepatocyte conversion in a common mouse model of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ▶     Maiko Terada, Kenichi Horisawa, Shizuka Miura et al.     Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of cells resembling cholangiocytes that line the intrahepatic bile ducts in portal areas of the …             The variances of Sp1 and NF-κB elements correlate with the greater capacity of Chinese HIV-1 B′-LTR for driving gene expression ▶     Di Qu, Chuan Li, Feng Sang et al.     The 5′ end of HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) serves as a promoter that plays an essential role in driving viral gene transcription. Manipulation of HIV-1 LTR provides a …             Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein is required for normal mouse liver development ▶     Eva Szunyogova, Haiyan Zhou, Gillian K. Maxwell et al.     Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutation or deletion of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Decreased levels of, cell-ubiquitous, SMN protein is associated with a …             Na+ compartmentalization related to salinity stress tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings ▶     Zhen Peng, Shoupu He, Junling Sun et al.     The capacity for ion compartmentalization among different tissues and cells is the key mechanism regulating salt tolerance in plants. In this study, we investigated the ion …             Biodiversity of bacteriophages: morphological and biological properties of a large group of phages isolated from urban sewage ▶     Agata Jurczak-Kurek, Tomasz Gąsior, Bożena Nejman-Faleńczyk et al.     A large scale analysis presented in this article focuses on biological and physiological variety of bacteriophages. A collection of 83 bacteriophages, isolated from urban sewage …             Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus ▶     Steven C. Dakin, Philip R. K. Turnbull     Although the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) is a particularly useful way of characterising functional vision, its measurement relies on observers making reliable perceptual …             Escherichia coli Braun Lipoprotein (BLP) exhibits endotoxemia – like pathology in Swiss albino mice ▶     Chikkamenahalli Lakshminarayana Lakshmikanth, Shancy Petsel Jacob, Avinash Kundadka Kudva et al.     The endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promotes sepsis, but bacterial peptides also promote inflammation leading to sepsis. We found, intraperitoneal administration of live or …             Lichen elemental composition distinguishes anthropogenic emissions from dust storm inputs and differs among species: Evidence from Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, China ▶     Hua-Jie Liu, Shi-Bo Fang, Si-Wa Liu et al.     To test the applicability of lichens in the biomonitoring of atmospheric elemental deposition in a typical steppe zone of Inner Mongolia, China, six foliose lichens (Physcia …             Hierarchical phosphorylation of apical membrane antigen 1 is required for efficient red blood cell invasion by malaria parasites ▶     Boris Prinz, Katherine L. Harvey, Louisa Wilcke et al.     Central to the pathogenesis of malaria is the proliferation of Plasmodium falciparum parasites within human erythrocytes. Parasites invade erythrocytes via a coordinated sequence …             Identification of drought-responsive microRNAs and their targets in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus by using high-throughput sequencing ▶     Fei Gao, Ning Wang, Huayun Li et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate target gene expression to modulate plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress response at the post-transcriptional level. Ammopiptanthus …             Photodynamic N-TiO2 Nanoparticle Treatment Induces Controlled ROS-mediated Autophagy and Terminal Differentiation of Leukemia Cells ▶     Mohammad Amin Moosavi, Maryam Sharifi, Soroush Moasses Ghafary et al.     In this study, we used nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) NPs in conjugation with visible light, and show that both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy are induced …             Scaffold Hopping Toward Agomelatine: Novel 3, 4-Dihydroisoquinoline Compounds as Potential Antidepressant Agents ▶     Yang Yang, Wei Ang, Haiyue Long et al.     A scaffold-hopping strategy toward Agomelatine based on in silico screening and knowledge analysis was employed to design novel antidepressant agents. A series of 3, …             Multiphoton imaging reveals that nanosecond pulsed electric fields collapse tumor and normal vascular perfusion in human glioblastoma xenografts ▶     Sylvia M. Bardet, Lynn Carr, Malak Soueid et al.     Despite the biomedical advances of the last century, many cancers including glioblastoma are still resistant to existing therapies leaving patients with poor prognoses. …             Increased nicotine response in iPSC-derived human neurons carrying the CHRNA5 N398 allele ▶     Eileen N. Oni, Apoorva Halikere, Guohui Li et al.     Genetic variation in nicotinic receptor alpha 5 (CHRNA5) has been associated with increased risk of addiction-associated phenotypes in humans yet little is known the underlying …             Structure and specificity of the Type VI secretion system ClpV-TssC interaction in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli ▶     Badreddine Douzi, Yannick R. Brunet, Silvia Spinelli et al.     The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a versatile machine that delivers toxins into either eukaryotic or bacterial cells. It thus represents a key player in bacterial …             Inhibition of Complement Retards Ankylosing Spondylitis Progression ▶     Chaoqun Yang, Peipei Ding, Qingkai Wang et al.     Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) resulting in back pain and progressive spinal ankyloses. Currently, there are no effective therapeutics …             Comparative Secretome Analysis Reveals Perturbation of Host Secretion Pathways by a Hypovirus ▶     Jinzi Wang, Liming Shi, Xipu He et al.     To understand the impact of a hypovirus infection on the secretome of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, a phytopathogenic filamentous fungus, two-dimensional …             Sex pheromone recognition and characterization of three pheromone-binding proteins in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) ▶     Aping Mao, Jing Zhou, Bin Mao et al.     Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) are essential for the filtering, binding and transporting of sex pheromones across sensillum lymph to membrane-associated pheromone receptors of …             GPR30 regulates diet-induced adiposity in female mice and adipogenesis in vitro ▶     Aihua Wang, Jing Luo, William Moore et al.     Recent studies showed that GPR30, a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor, is a novel estrogen receptor (ER) that mediates some biological events elicited by estrogen in …             Attenuation of Na/K-ATPase Mediated Oxidant Amplification with pNaKtide Ameliorates Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy ▶     Jiang Liu, Jiang Tian, Muhammad Chaudhry et al.     We have previously reported that the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na/K-ATPase) can effect the amplification of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we examined …             Nuclear DNA content in Miscanthus sp. and the geographical variation pattern in Miscanthus lutarioriparius ▶     Jiajing Sheng, Xiaohu Hu, Xiaofei Zeng et al.     The genome sizes of five Miscanthus species, including 79 accessions of M. lutarioriparius, 8 of M. floridulus, 6 of M. sacchariflorus, 7 of M. sinensis, and 4 of M. × giganteus …             Metabolomics reveals the mechanisms for the cardiotoxicity of Pinelliae Rhizoma and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing ▶     Tao Su, Yong Tan, Man-Shan Tsui et al.     Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb, but it has been frequently reported about its toxicity. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, …             Co-acclimation of bacterial communities under stresses of hydrocarbons with different structures ▶     Hui Wang, Bin Wang, Wenwen Dong et al.     Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with different structures; its components vary in bioavailability and toxicity. It is important to understand how bacterial …             Impact of high fat diet on long non-coding RNAs and messenger RNAs expression in the aortas of ApoE(−/−) mice ▶     Mei-hua Bao, Huai-qing Luo, Li-hua Chen et al.     Atherosclerosis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease with high prevalence worldwide, and has become the leading cause of death. The present study was designed to …             The shift of microbial communities and their roles in sulfur and iron cycling in a copper ore bioleaching system ▶     Jiaojiao Niu, Jie Deng, Yunhua Xiao et al.     Bioleaching has been employed commercially to recover metals from low grade ores, but the production efficiency remains to be improved due to limited understanding of the system. …             Cr(VI) induces premature senescence through ROS-mediated p53 pathway in L-02 hepatocytes ▶     Yujing Zhang, Yiyuan Zhang, Caigao Zhong et al.     Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)], which can be found of various uses in industries such as metallurgy and textile dying, can cause a number of human disease including inflammation …             An expression based REST signature predicts patient survival and therapeutic response for glioblastoma multiforme ▶     Jianfeng Liang, Qinghua Meng, Wanni Zhao et al.     Proper regulation of neuronal gene expression is crucial for the development and differentiation of the central nervous system. The transcriptional repressor REST (repressor …             A fossil biting midge (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from early Eocene Indian amber with a complex pheromone evaporator ▶     Frauke Stebner, Ryszard Szadziewski, Peter T. Rühr et al.     The life-like fidelity of organisms captured in amber is unique among all kinds of fossilization and represents an invaluable source for different fields of palaeontological and …             Three representations of the Ising model ▶     Joost Kruis, Gunter Maris     Statistical models that analyse (pairwise) relations between variables encompass assumptions about the underlying mechanism that generated the associations in the observed data. …             Up-regulation of miR-95-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes tumorigenesis by targeting p21 expression ▶     Jian Ye, Yufeng Yao, Qixue Song et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers. To elucidate new regulatory mechanisms for heptocarcinogenesis, we investigated the regulation of p21, …             In-vivo Imaging of Magnetic Fields Induced by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Human Brain using MRI ▶     Mayank V. Jog, Robert X. Smith, Kay Jann et al.     Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an emerging non-invasive neuromodulation technique that applies mA currents at the scalp to modulate cortical excitability. …             Outer membrane vesicles from flagellin-deficient Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium induce cross-reactive immunity and provide cross-protection against heterologous Salmonella challenge ▶     Qiong Liu, Qing Liu, Jie Yi et al.     Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from Salmonella Typhimurium are potentially useful for developing subunit vaccines because of high immunogenicity and protective efficacy. …             Deciphering KRAS and NRAS mutated clone dynamics in MLL-AF4 paediatric leukaemia by ultra deep sequencing analysis ▶     Luca Trentin, Silvia Bresolin, Emanuela Giarin et al.     To induce and sustain the leukaemogenic process, MLL-AF4+ leukaemia seems to require very few genetic alterations in addition to the fusion gene itself. 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