Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 3 May 2016

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03 May 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Corrigendum: Integration of Metabolic Modeling with Gene Co-expression Reveals Transcriptionally Programmed Reactions Explaining Robustness in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Bhanwar Lal Puniya, Deepika Kulshreshtha, Inna Mittal et al.                 Corrigendum: Olfactory perception and behavioral effects of sex pheromone gland components in Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta ▶     Meng Xu, Hao Guo, Chao Hou et al.                 Targeting EZH2-mediated methylation of H3K27 inhibits proliferation and migration of Synovial Sarcoma in vitro ▶     Jacson K. Shen, Gregory M. Cote, Yan Gao et al.     Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma genetically defined by the fusion oncogene SS18-SSX. It is hypothesized that either SS18-SSX disrupts SWI/SNF complex …             Evolutionary redesign of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) Toll-like receptor repertoire by gene losses and expansions ▶     Monica H. Solbakken, Ole K. Tørresen, Alexander J. Nederbragt et al.     Genome sequencing of the teleost Atlantic cod demonstrated loss of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II, an extreme gene expansion of MHC class I and gene …             Integrated Droplet-Based Microextraction with ESI-MS for Removal of Matrix Interference in Single-Cell Analysis ▶     Xiao-Chao Zhang, Zhen-Wei Wei, Xiao-Yun Gong et al.     Integrating droplet-based microfluidics with mass spectrometry is essential to high-throughput and multiple analysis of single cells. Nevertheless, matrix effects such as the …             Erratum: IGHV1-69 polymorphism modulates anti-influenza antibody repertoires, correlates with IGHV utilization shifts and varies by ethnicity ▶     Yuval Avnir, Corey T. Watson, Jacob Glanville et al.                 Ecological restoration alters microbial communities in mine tailings profiles ▶     Yang Li, Zhongjun Jia, Qingye Sun et al.     Ecological restoration of mine tailings have impact on soil physiochemical properties and microbial communities. The surface soil has been a primary concern in the past decades, …             Spider behaviors include oral sexual encounters ▶     Matjaž Gregorič, Klavdija Šuen, Ren-Chung Cheng et al.     Several clades of spiders whose females evolved giant sizes are known for extreme sexual behaviors such as sexual cannibalism, opportunistic mating, mate-binding, genital …             Corrigendum: Volatile organic compounds in truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico): comparison of samples from different regions of Italy and from different seasons ▶     Federico Vita, Cosimo Taiti, Antonio Pompeiano et al.                 Corrigendum: 8-Oxoguanine accumulation in mitochondrial DNA causes mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs neuritogenesis in cultured adult mouse cortical neurons under oxidative conditions ▶     Julio Leon, Kunihiko Sakumi, Erika Castillo et al.                 Identification and characterisation of the immune response properties of Lampetra japonica BLNK ▶     Yinglun Han, Xin Liu, Biyue Shi et al.     B cell linker protein (BLNK) is a central linker protein involved in B cell signal transduction in jawed vertebrates. In a previous study, we have reported the identification of …             Corrigendum: Early maternal loss affects social integration of chimpanzees throughout their lifetime ▶     Elfriede Kalcher-Sommersguter, Signe Preuschoft, Cornelia Franz-Schaider et al.                 Genotypic Prediction of Co-receptor Tropism of HIV-1 Subtypes A and C ▶     Mona Riemenschneider, Kieran Y. Cashin, Bettina Budeus et al.     Antiretroviral treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) infections with CCR5-antagonists requires the co-receptor usage prediction of viral strains. Currently …             Contribution of dermal-derived mesenchymal cells during liver repair in two different experimental models ▶     Li Tan, Tingyu Dai, Dengqun Liu et al.     Progressive liver disease is a major health issue for which no effective treatment is available, leading to cirrhosis and orthotopic liver transplantation. However, the lack of …             Novel method for the high-throughput production of phosphorylation site-specific monoclonal antibodies ▶     Nobuyuki Kurosawa, Yuka Wakata, Tomonao Inobe et al.     Threonine phosphorylation accounts for 10% of all phosphorylation sites compared with 0.05% for tyrosine and 90% for serine. Although monoclonal antibody generation for …             PATZ1 is a target of miR-29b that is induced by Ha-Ras oncogene in rat thyroid cells ▶     Michela Vitiello, Teresa Valentino, Marta De Menna et al.     The regulatory transcriptional factor PATZ1 is constantly downregulated in human thyroid cancer where it acts as a tumour suppressor by targeting p53-dependent genes involved in …             Mapping the small-world properties of brain networks in deception with functional near-infrared spectroscopy ▶     Jiang Zhang, Xiaohong Lin, Genyu Fu et al.     Deception is not a rare occurrence among human behaviors; however, the present brain mapping techniques are insufficient to reveal the neural mechanism of deception under …             A Mendelian Randomization Study of Plasma Homocysteine and Multiple Myeloma ▶     Yang Xuan, Xiao-Hong Li, Zhong-Qian Hu et al.     Observational studies have demonstrated an association between elevated homocysteine (Hcy) level and risk of multiple myeloma (MM). However, it remains unclear whether this …             In vivo assembly of DNA-fragments in the moss, Physcomitrella patens ▶     Brian Christopher King, Konstantinos Vavitsas, Nur Kusaira Binti Khairul Ikram et al.     Direct assembly of multiple linear DNA fragments via homologous recombination, a phenomenon known as in vivo assembly or transformation associated recombination, is used in …             Bufexamac ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by targeting LTA4H ▶     Qiang Xiao, Ningning Dong, Xue Yao et al.     Neutrophils play an important role in the occurrence and development of acute lung injury (ALI). Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a hydrolysis product of epoxide leukotriene A4 (LTA4) …             Modulation of Staphylococcus aureus spreading by water ▶     Mei-Hui Lin, Wan-Ju Ke, Chao-Chin Liu et al.     Staphylococcus aureus is known to spread rapidly and form giant colonies on the surface of soft agar and animal tissues by a process called colony spreading. So far, the …             Phenylbutazone induces expression of MBNL1 and suppresses formation of MBNL1-CUG RNA foci in a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy ▶     Guiying Chen, Akio Masuda, Hiroyuki Konishi et al.     Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by abnormal expansion of CTG repeats in the 3′ untranslated region of the DMPK gene. Expanded CTG repeats are transcribed into RNA and …             Characterization of key triacylglycerol biosynthesis processes in rhodococci ▶     Sawsan Amara, Nicolas Seghezzi, Hiroshi Otani et al.     Oleaginous microorganisms have considerable potential for biofuel and commodity chemical production. Under nitrogen-limitation, Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 grown on benzoate, an …             Global and local oscillatory entrainment of visual behavior across retinotopic space ▶     Rodika Sokoliuk, Rufin VanRullen     Ongoing brain oscillations (7–10 Hz) modulate visual perception; in particular, their precise phase can predict target perception. Here, we employ this phase-dependence of …             Traumatic insemination and female counter-adaptation in Strepsiptera (Insecta) ▶     Miriam Peinert, Benjamin Wipfler, Gottfried Jetschke et al.     In a few insect groups, males pierce the female’s integument with their penis during copulation to transfer sperm. This so-called traumatic insemination was previously confirmed …             Somatic genomic alterations in retinoblastoma beyond RB1 are rare and limited to copy number changes ▶     Irsan E. Kooi, Berber M. Mol, Maarten P. G. Massink et al.     Retinoblastoma is a rare childhood cancer initiated by RB1 mutation or MYCN amplification, while additional alterations may be required for tumor development. However, the view …             Evolutionary constraints over microsatellite abundance in larger mammals as a potential mechanism against carcinogenic burden ▶     Jung Youn Park, Yong-Rock An, Chul-Min An et al.     Larger organisms tend to live longer, have more potentially carcinogenic cells, and undergo more cell divisions. While one might intuitively expect cancer incidence to scale with …             Immunoglubolin dynamics and cancer prevalence in Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) ▶     Beata Ujvari, Rodrigo Hamede, Sarah Peck et al.     Immunoglobulins such as IgG and IgM have been shown to induce anti-tumour cytotoxic activity. In the present study we therefore explore total serum IgG and IgM expression …             Erratum: Kallikrein-related peptidase 8 is expressed in myocardium and induces cardiac hypertrophy ▶     Buqing Cao, Qing Yu, Wei Zhao et al.                 Erratum: Increased resting state connectivity between ipsilesional motor cortex and contralesional premotor cortex after transcranial direct current stimulation with physical therapy ▶     Joyce L. Chen, Gottfried Schlaug                 Corrigendum: Discovery of a Novel Seminal Fluid Microbiome and Influence of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Genetic Status ▶     Angela B. Javurek, William G. Spollen, Amber M. Mann Ali et al.                 Erratum: Structural revisions of small molecules reported to cross-link G-quadruplex DNA in vivo reveal a repetitive assignment error in the literature ▶     Paul E. Reyes-Gutiérrez, Tomáš Kapal, Blanka Klepetářová et al.                 Sequence diversity of NanA manifests in distinct enzyme kinetics and inhibitor susceptibility ▶     Zhongli Xu, Susanne von Grafenstein, Elisabeth Walther et al.     Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading pathogen causing bacterial pneumonia and meningitis. Its surface-associated virulence factor neuraminidase A (NanA) promotes the bacterial …             The All-Data-Based Evolutionary Hypothesis of Ciliated Protists with a Revised Classification of the Phylum Ciliophora (Eukaryota, Alveolata) ▶     Feng Gao, Alan Warren, Qianqian Zhang et al.     The phylum Ciliophora plays important roles in a wide range of biological studies. However, the evolutionary relationships of many groups remain unclear due to a lack of …             Enantiomeric Lignans and Neolignans from Phyllanthus glaucus: Enantioseparation and Their Absolute Configurations ▶     Zhaodi Wu, Yongji Lai, Lei Zhou et al.     Eight pairs of enantiomeric neolignans, norlignans, and sesquineolignans (1a/1b–8a/8b), together with five known neolignans (9a/9b and 10–12), have been isolated from 70% acetone …             High activity of the stress promoter contributes to susceptibility to stress in the tree shrew ▶     Hui Fang, Yun-Jun Sun, Yan-Hong Lv et al.     Stress is increasingly present in everyday life in our fast-paced society and involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric diseases. Corticotrophin-releasing-hormone (CRH) …             Matrix metalloproteinase 11 protects from diabesity and promotes metabolic switch ▶     Nassim Dali-Youcef, Karim Hnia, Sébastien Blaise et al.     MMP11 overexpression is a bad prognostic factor in various human carcinomas. Interestingly, this proteinase is not expressed in malignant cells themselves but is secreted by …             A study of organic acid production in contrasts between two phosphate solubilizing fungi: Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus niger ▶     Zhen Li, Tongshuo Bai, Letian Dai et al.     Phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF) have huge potentials in enhancing release of phosphorus from fertilizer. Two PSF (NJDL-03 and NJDL-12) were isolated and identified as …             Reversal of the Detrimental Effects of Post-Stroke Social Isolation by Pair-Housing is Mediated by Activation of BDNF-MAPK/ERK in Aged Mice ▶     Rajkumar Verma, Nia M. Harris, Brett D. Friedler et al.     Social isolation (SI) increases stroke-related mortality and morbidity in clinical populations. The detrimental effects of SI have been successfully modeled in the laboratory …             Cellulose and hemicellulose decomposition by forest soil bacteria proceeds by the action of structurally variable enzymatic systems ▶     Rubén López-Mondéjar, Daniela Zühlke, Dörte Becher et al.     Evidence shows that bacteria contribute actively to the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in forest soil; however, their role in this process is still unclear. Here we …             Corrigendum: Selective inhibition of EZH2 by ZLD1039 blocks H3K27methylation and leads to potent anti-tumor activity in breast cancer ▶     Xuejiao Song, Tiantao Gao, Ningyu Wang et al.                 Quantitative blood flow velocity imaging using laser speckle flowmetry ▶     Annemarie Nadort, Koen Kalkman, Ton G. van Leeuwen et al.     Laser speckle flowmetry suffers from a debated quantification of the inverse relation between decorrelation time (τc) and blood flow velocity (V), i.e. 1/τc = αV. Using a …             Selective Estrogen Receptor β Agonist LY500307 as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Glioblastoma ▶     Gangadhara R. Sareddy, Xiaonan Li, Jinyou Liu et al.     Glioblastomas (GBM), deadly brain tumors, have greater incidence in males than females. Epidemiological evidence supports a tumor suppressive role of estrogen; however, estrogen …             Microbial communities and arsenic biogeochemistry at the outflow of an alkaline sulfide-rich hot spring ▶     Zhou Jiang, Ping Li, Joy D. Van Nostrand et al.     Alkaline sulfide-rich hot springs provide a unique environment for microbial community and arsenic (As) biogeochemistry. In this study, a representative alkaline sulfide-rich hot …             In Vivo Mesoscopic Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging of Brain Activation ▶     Qinggong Tang, Vassiliy Tsytsarev, Aaron Frank et al.     Functional mapping of brain activity is important in elucidating how neural networks operate in the living brain. The whisker sensory system of rodents is an excellent model to …             Role of Fusobacteria in the serrated pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis ▶     Chan Hyuk Park, Dong Soo Han, Young-Ha Oh et al.     Fusobacteria are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and are amplified during colorectal carcinogenesis. Compared to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of carcinogenesis, …             Improvement of surface ECG recording in adult zebrafish reveals that the value of this model exceeds our expectation ▶     Chi Chi Liu, Li Li, Yun Wah Lam et al.     The adult zebrafish has been used to model the electrocardiogram (ECG) for human cardiovascular studies. Nonetheless huge variations are observed among studies probably because …             MicroRNA-127-5p regulates osteopontin expression and osteopontin-mediated proliferation of human chondrocytes ▶     Min Tu, Yusheng Li, Chao Zeng et al.     The aim of this study was to determine the specific microRNA (miRNA) that regulates expression of osteopontin (OPN) in osteoarthritis (OA). The potential regulatory miRNAs for …             Maternal fructose drives placental uric acid production leading to adverse fetal outcomes ▶     Zeenat A. Asghar, Alysha Thompson, Maggie Chi et al.     Maternal metabolic diseases increase offspring risk for low birth weight and cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. Excess fructose consumption may confer metabolic risks for …             Effects of cyclone-generated disturbance on a tropical reef foraminifera assemblage ▶     Luke C. Strotz, Briony L. Mamo, Dale Dominey-Howes     The sedimentary record, and associated micropalaeontological proxies, is one tool that has been employed to quantify a region’s tropical cyclone history. Doing so has largely …             Expression of guanylate cyclase-C, guanylin, and uroguanylin is downregulated proportionally to the ulcerative colitis disease activity index ▶     Danfeng Lan, Junkun Niu, Jiarong Miao et al.     The transmembrane receptor guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) signaling pathway has been implicated in several gastrointestinal disorders. Activation of GC-C via guanylin (Gn) and …             Modeling of Nitrous Oxide Production from Nitritation Reactors Treating Real Anaerobic Digestion Liquor ▶     Qilin Wang, Bing-Jie Ni, Romain Lemaire et al.     In this work, a mathematical model including both ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and heterotrophic bacteria (HB) is constructed to predict N2O production from the nitritation …             Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in China: Critical Community Size and Spatial Vaccination Strategies ▶     Thomas P. Van Boeckel, Saki Takahashi, Qiaohong Liao et al.     Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) constitutes a considerable burden for health care systems across China. Yet this burden displays important geographic heterogeneity that …             Proteome analysis of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hA-MSCs) reveals impaired antioxidant ability, cytoskeleton and metabolic functionality in maternal obesity ▶     Valentina Capobianco, Marianna Caterino, Laura Iaffaldano et al.     Maternal obesity increases the risk of obesity and/or obesity-related diseases in the offspring of animal models. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic dysfunctions …             Polysaccharide-capped silver Nanoparticles inhibit biofilm formation and eliminate multi-drug-resistant bacteria by disrupting bacterial cytoskeleton with reduced cytotoxicity towards mammalian cells ▶     Sridhar Sanyasi, Rakesh Kumar Majhi, Satish Kumar et al.     Development of effective anti-microbial therapeutics has been hindered by the emergence of bacterial strains with multi-drug resistance and biofilm formation capabilities. In …             Paracrine Factors from Irradiated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Improve Skin Regeneration and Angiogenesis in a Porcine Burn Model ▶     Stefan Hacker, Rainer Mittermayr, Stefanie Nickl et al.     Burn wounds pose a serious threat to patients and often require surgical treatment. Skin grafting aims to achieve wound closure but requires a well-vascularized wound bed. The …             The lag-phase during diauxic growth is a trade-off between fast adaptation and high growth rate ▶     Dominique Chu, David J. Barnes     Bi-phasic or diauxic growth is often observed when microbes are grown in a chemically defined medium containing two sugars (for example glucose and lactose). Typically, the two …             Gains following perceptual learning are closely linked to the initial visual acuity ▶     Oren Yehezkel, Anna Sterkin, Maria Lev et al.     The goal of the present study was to evaluate the dependence of perceptual learning gains on initial visual acuity (VA), in a large sample of subjects with a wide range of VAs. A …             Digital PCR methods improve detection sensitivity and measurement precision of low abundance mtDNA deletions ▶     Frances R. Belmonte, James L. Martin, Kristin Frescura et al.     Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are a common cause of primary mitochondrial disorders, and have also been implicated in a broad collection of conditions, including aging, …             Lovastatin causes FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell death via AMPK-p63-survivin signaling cascade ▶     Chia-Sheng Yen, Jung-Chien Chen, Yi-Fang Chang et al.     Statins are used widely to lower serum cholesterol and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence shows that statins also exhibit beneficial effects against …             Pain tolerance predicts human social network size ▶     Katerina V.-A. Johnson, Robin I. M. Dunbar     Personal social network size exhibits considerable variation in the human population and is associated with both physical and mental health status. Much of this inter-individual …             Consequences of point mutations in melanoma-associated antigen 4 (MAGE-A4) protein: Insights from structural and biophysical studies ▶     Yoshio Hagiwara, Lina Sieverling, Farina Hanif  et al.     The Melanoma-Associated Antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) protein is a target for cancer therapy. The function of this protein is not well understood. We report the first comprehensive study …             High prevalence of vaterite in sagittal otoliths causes hearing impairment in farmed fish ▶     T. Reimer, T. Dempster, F. Warren-Myers et al.     The rapid growth of aquaculture raises questions about the welfare status of mass-produced species. Sagittal otoliths are primary hearing structures in the inner ear of all …             Screening of efficient siRNA carriers in a library of surface-engineered dendrimers ▶     Hongmei Liu, Hong Chang, Jia Lv et al.     Polymers are widely used as non-viral carriers for siRNA delivery, but concern has also arisen in their limited efficacy and inherent toxicity. Whilst many of previous efforts …             Generation of siRNA Nanosheets for Efficient RNA Interference ▶     Hyejin Kim, Jae Sung Lee, Jong Bum Lee     After the discovery of small interference RNA (siRNA), nanostructured siRNA delivery systems have been introduced to achieve an efficient regulation of the target gene …             Rapid evolution of tolerance to toxic Microcystis in two cladoceran grazers ▶     Xiaodong Jiang, Han Gao, Lihua Zhang et al.     Evolutionary adaptation could assist organisms to cope with environmental changes, yet few experimental systems allow us to directly track evolutionary trajectory. Using …             High-sensitivity intravascular photoacoustic imaging of lipid–laden plaque with a collinear catheter design ▶     Yingchun Cao, Jie Hui, Ayeeshik Kole et al.     A highly sensitive catheter probe is critical to catheter-based intravascular photoacoustic imaging. Here, we present a photoacoustic catheter probe design on the basis of …             Effect of electrode position on azo dye removal in an up-flow hybrid anaerobic digestion reactor with built-in bioelectrochemical system ▶     Min-Hua Cui, Dan Cui, Hyung-Sool Lee et al.     In this study, two modes of hybrid anaerobic digestion (AD) bioreactor with built-in BESs (electrodes installed in liquid phase (R1) and sludge phase (R2)) were tested for …             Identification of a Potential Regulatory Variant for Colorectal Cancer Risk Mapping to 3p21.31 in Chinese Population ▶     Juntao Ke, Jiao Lou, Rong Zhong et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have established chromosome 3p21.31 as a susceptibility locus for colorectal cancer (CRC) that lacks replication and exploration in the …             Screening and identification of DNA aptamers toward Schistosoma japonicum eggs via SELEX ▶     Yuqian Long, Zhiqiang Qin, Minlan Duan et al.     Schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. Several million people all over the world are estimated to suffer from severe …             Colletotrichum species associated with jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) anthracnose in southeastern China ▶     Xiaoping Niu, Hong Gao, Jianmin Qi et al.     Anthracnose, caused by the Colletotrichum species of fungi, is one of the most serious diseases affecting jute in China. The disease causes chlorotic regions with black brown …             Identification of a Potent and Broad-Spectrum Hepatitis C Virus Fusion Inhibitory Peptide from the E2 Stem Domain ▶     Xiaojing Chi, Yuqiang Niu, Min Cheng et al.     Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2 play an essential role in virus entry. However, the fusion mechanisms of HCV remain largely unclear, hampering the development …             The early history and emergence of molecular functions and modular scale-free network behavior ▶     M. Fayez Aziz, Kelsey Caetano-Anollés, Gustavo Caetano-Anollés     The formation of protein structural domains requires that biochemical functions, defined by conserved amino acid sequence motifs, be embedded into a structural scaffold. Here we …             Quantification of dopaminergic neuron differentiation and neurotoxicity via a genetic reporter ▶     Jun Cui, Megan Rothstein, Theo Bennett et al.     Human pluripotent stem cells provide a powerful human-genome based system for modeling human diseases in vitro and for potentially identifying novel treatments. Directed …             The structural basis of chicken, swine and bovine CD8αα dimers provides insight into the co-evolution with MHC I in endotherm species ▶     Yanjie Liu, Xin Li, Jianxun Qi et al.     It is unclear how the pivotal molecules of the adaptive immune system (AIS) maintain their inherent characteristics and relationships with their co-receptors over the course of …             A high-throughput neutralizing assay for antibodies and sera against hepatitis E virus ▶     Wei Cai, Zi-Min Tang, Gui-Ping Wen et al.     Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the aetiological agent of enterically transmitted hepatitis. The traditional methods for evaluating neutralizing antibody titres against HEV are …             Low protein diets produce divergent effects on energy balance ▶     Adel Pezeshki, Rizaldy C. Zapata, Arashdeep Singh et al.     Diets deficient in protein often increase food consumption, body weight and fat mass; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We compared the effects of …             Genome-wide identification of target genes for miR-204 and miR-211 identifies their proliferation stimulatory role in breast cancer cells ▶     Hyunkyung Lee, Seungyeon Lee, Hansol Bae et al.     MiR-204 and miR-211 (miR-204/211) share the same seed site sequence, targeting many of the same genes. Their role in cancer development remains controversial, as both cell …             Dynamics of histone H2A, H4 and HS1ph during spermatogenesis with a focus on chromatin condensation and maturity of spermatozoa ▶     Zhao-Hui Zhang, Shu-Mei Mu, Ming-Shen Guo et al.     Histones and histone phosphorylation play vital roles during animal spermatogenesis and spermatozoa maturation. The dynamic distribution of histones H2A and H4 and phosphorylated …             A PARP1-ERK2 synergism is required for the induction of LTP ▶     L. Visochek, G. Grigoryan, A. Kalal et al.     Unexpectedly, a post-translational modification of DNA-binding proteins, initiating the cell response to single-strand DNA damage, was also required for long-term memory …             Moonlighting transcriptional activation function of a fungal sulfur metabolism enzyme ▶     Elisabetta Levati, Sara Sartini, Angelo Bolchi et al.     Moonlighting proteins, including metabolic enzymes acting as transcription factors (TF), are present in a variety of organisms but have not been described in higher fungi so far. …             Real-time two- and three-dimensional imaging of monocyte motility and navigation on planar surfaces and in collagen matrices: roles of Rho ▶     Robert Bzymek, Markus Horsthemke, Katrin Isfort et al.     We recently found that macrophages from RhoA/RhoB double knockout mice had increased motility of the cell body, but severely impaired retraction of the tail and membrane …             PTIR: Predicted Tomato Interactome Resource ▶     Junyang Yue, Wei Xu, Rongjun Ban et al.     Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in almost all biological processes and form the basis of the entire interactomics systems of living organisms. Identification and …             Using ultra-sensitive next generation sequencing to dissect DNA damage-induced mutagenesis ▶     Kaile Wang, Xiaolu Ma, Xue Zhang et al.     Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have dramatically improved studies in biology and biomedical science. However, no optimal NGS approach is available to conveniently …             Cancer stem cells are underestimated by standard experimental methods in clear cell renal cell carcinoma ▶     Craig Gedye, Danylo Sirskyj, Nazleen C. Lobo et al.     Rare cancer stem cells (CSC) are proposed to be responsible for tumour propagation and re-initiation and are functionally defined by identifying tumour-initiating cells (TICs) …             Complete genomes of Hairstreak butterflies, their speciation, and nucleo-mitochondrial incongruence ▶     Qian Cong, Jinhui Shen, Dominika Borek et al.     Comparison of complete genomes of closely related species enables research on speciation and how phenotype is determined by genotype. Lepidoptera, an insect order of 150,000 …             The orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 is part of a p53–microRNA-34 network ▶     Jordan A. Beard, Alexa Tenga, Justin Hills et al.     Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2) is an orphan nuclear receptor that is over-expressed in cancer and promotes cell proliferation, migration, transformation, …             Plet1 is an epigenetically regulated cell surface protein that provides essential cues to direct trophoblast stem cell differentiation ▶     Alexander Murray, Arnold R. Sienerth, Myriam Hemberger     Gene loci that are hypermethylated and repressed in embryonic (ESCs) but hypomethylated and expressed in trophoblast (TSCs) stem cells are very rare and may have particularly …             Two types of interneurons in the mouse lateral geniculate nucleus are characterized by different h-current density ▶     Michael Leist, Maia Datunashvilli, Tatyana Kanyshkova et al.     Although hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channels and the corresponding h-current (Ih) have been shown to fundamentally shape the activity …             The effects of magnetic fields exposure on relative permittivity of saline solutions measured by a high resolution SPR system ▶     Li Jiang, Xinyuan Zhao, Yue Fei et al.     A measurement system for the relative permittivity of a physiological solution under 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF) is presented. It is based on a phase-sensitive surface plasmon …             Effect of different levels of nitrogen on rhizosphere bacterial community structure in intensive monoculture of greenhouse lettuce ▶     Jian-Gang Li, Min-Chong Shen, Jin-Feng Hou et al.     Pyrosequencing-based analyses revealed significant effects among low (N50), medium (N80), and high (N100) fertilization on community composition involving a long-term monoculture …             COD capture: a feasible option towards energy self-sufficient domestic wastewater treatment ▶     Junfeng Wan, Jun Gu, Qian Zhao et al.     Although the activated sludge process, one of the most remarkable engineering inventions in the 20th century, has made significant contribution to wastewater reclamation in the …             Self-assembled Biodegradable Nanoparticles and Polysaccharides as Biomimetic ECM Nanostructures for the Synergistic effect of RGD and BMP-2 on Bone Formation ▶     Zhenming Wang, Li Dong, Lu Han et al.     Producing biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) is an effective approach to improve biocompatibility of medical devices. In this study, biomimetic ECM nanostructures are …             Exploring the Association between Serum BDNF and Attempted Suicide ▶     Rebecca B. Eisen, Stefan Perera, Monica Bawor et al.     Suicide is a leading cause of death and a significant public health concern. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein important to nervous system function, has been …             Hepatitis B virus genome replication triggers toll-like receptor 3-dependent interferon responses in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen ▶     Catherine Isabell Real, Mengji Lu, Jia Liu et al.     The hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been described as stealth virus subverting immune responses initially upon infection. Impaired toll-like receptor signaling by the HBV surface …             A Laminated Microfluidic Device for Comprehensive Preclinical Testing in the Drug ADME Process ▶     Fan An, Yueyang Qu, Yong Luo et al.     New techniques are urgently needed to replace conventional long and costly pre-clinical testing in the new drug administration process. In this study, a laminated microfluidic …             Role of time delay on intracellular calcium dynamics driven by non-Gaussian noises ▶     Wei-Long Duan, Chunhua Zeng     Effect of time delay (τ) on intracellular calcium dynamics with non-Gaussian noises in transmission processes of intracellular Ca2+ is studied by means of second-order stochastic …             The estrogenicity of methylparaben and ethylparaben at doses close to the acceptable daily intake in immature Sprague-Dawley rats ▶     Libei Sun, Tong Yu, Jilong Guo et al.     The estrogenicity of parabens at human exposure levels has become a focus of concern due to the debate over whether the estrogenicity of parabens is strong enough to play a role …             Low level off-road vehicle (ORV) traffic negatively impacts macroinvertebrate assemblages at sandy beaches in south-western Australia ▶     Rebecca Davies, Peter C. Speldewinde, Barbara A. Stewart     Off-road vehicle use is arguably one of the most environmentally damaging human activities undertaken on sandy beaches worldwide. Existing studies focused on areas of high …             Enterovirus D68 Infections Associated with Severe Respiratory Illness in Elderly Patients and Emergence of a Novel Clade in Hong Kong ▶     Susanna K. P. Lau, Cyril C. Y. Yip, Pyrear Su-Hui Zhao et al.     Despite the recent emergence of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), its clinical impact on adult population is less well defined. To better define the epidemiology of EV-D68, 6,800 …             Histone Modifications in a Mouse Model of Early Adversities and Panic Disorder: Role for Asic1 and Neurodevelopmental Genes ▶     Davide Cittaro, Valentina Lampis, Alessandra Luchetti et al.     Hyperventilation following transient, CO2-induced acidosis is ubiquitous in mammals and heritable. In humans, respiratory and emotional hypersensitivity to CO2 marks separation …             Interaction between V-ATPase B2 and (Pro) renin Receptors in Promoting the progression of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis ▶     Yun Liu, Sujun Zuo, Xiaoyan Li et al.     To investigate the levels of (Pro) renin receptor [(P) RR], α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), and vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) subunits (B2, E, and c) in rat …             Substoichiometric inhibition of transthyretin misfolding by immune-targeting sparsely populated misfolding intermediates: a potential diagnostic and therapeutic for TTR amyloidoses ▶     Natalie J. Galant, Antoinette Bugyei-Twum, Rishi Rakhit et al.     Wild-type and mutant transthyretin (TTR) can misfold and deposit in the heart, peripheral nerves, and other sites causing amyloid disease. Pharmacological chaperones, Tafamidis® …             Estimation of Discriminative Feature Subset Using Community Modularity ▶     Guodong Zhao, Sanming Liu     Feature selection (FS) is an important preprocessing step in machine learning and data mining. In this paper, a new feature subset evaluation method is proposed by constructing a …             High-resolution analytical imaging and electron holography of magnetite particles in amyloid cores of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Germán Plascencia-Villa, Arturo Ponce, Joanna F. Collingwood et al.     Abnormal accumulation of brain metals is a key feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Formation of amyloid-β plaque cores (APC) is related to interactions with biometals, …             Triple-acting Lytic Enzyme Treatment of Drug-Resistant and Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Stephen C. Becker, Dwayne R. Roach, Vinita S. Chauhan et al.     Multi-drug resistant bacteria are a persistent problem in modern health care, food safety and animal health. There is a need for new antimicrobials to replace over used …             MicroRNA-223 Attenuates Hypoxia-induced Vascular Remodeling by Targeting RhoB/MLC2 in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells ▶     Yan Zeng, Xiaoying Zhang, Kang Kang et al.     There is growing evidence that microRNAs are implicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identified that miR-223 was …             Saffron with resistance exercise improves diabetic parameters through the GLUT4/AMPK pathway in-vitro and in-vivo ▶     Firouzeh Dehghan, Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour, Ashril Yusof et al.     Saffron is consumed as food and medicine to treat several illnesses. This study elucidates the saffron effectiveness on diabetic parameters in-vitro and combined with resistance …             A novel type 2 diabetes risk allele increases the promoter activity of the muscle-specific small ankyrin 1 gene ▶     Rengna Yan, Shanshan Lai, Yang Yang et al.     Genome-wide association studies have identified Ankyrin-1 (ANK1) as a common type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility locus. However, the underlying causal variants and functional …             Image-based compound profiling reveals a dual inhibitor of tyrosine kinase and microtubule polymerization ▶     Kenji Tanabe     Small-molecule compounds are widely used as biological research tools and therapeutic drugs. Therefore, uncovering novel targets of these compounds should provide insights that …             Potential of the beneficial fungus Trichoderma to enhance ecosystem-service provision in the biofuel grass Miscanthus x giganteus in agriculture ▶     Ivan Chirino-Valle, Diwakar Kandula, Chris Littlejohn et al.     The sterile hybrid grass Miscanthus x giganteus (Mxg) can produce more than 30 t dry matter/ha/year. This biomass has a range of uses, including animal bedding and a source of …             Semiconductor Electronic Label-Free Assay for Predictive Toxicology ▶     Yufei Mao, Kyeong-Sik Shin, Xiang Wang et al.     While animal experimentations have spearheaded numerous breakthroughs in biomedicine, they also have spawned many logistical concerns in providing toxicity screening for copious …             Integral Light-Harvesting Complex Expression In Symbiodinium Within The Coral Acropora aspera Under Thermal Stress ▶     Sarah L. Gierz, Benjamin R. Gordon, William Leggat     Coral reef success is largely dependent on the symbiosis between coral hosts and dinoflagellate symbionts belonging to the genus Symbiodinium. Elevated temperatures can result in …             Effects of germination season on life history traits and on transgenerational plasticity in seed dormancy in a cold desert annual ▶     Juan J. Lu, Dun Y. Tan, Carol C. Baskin et al.     The maternal environment can influence the intensity of seed dormancy and thus seasonal germination timing and post-germination life history traits. We tested the hypotheses that …             LIMK Regulates Tumor-Cell Invasion and Matrix Degradation Through Tyrosine Phosphorylation of MT1-MMP ▶     Emilie Lagoutte, Clémentine Villeneuve, Laurence Lafanechère et al.     During their metastatic spread, cancer cells need to remodel the extracellular matrix in order to migrate through stromal compartments adjacent to the primary tumor. …             Generation of exogenous germ cells in the ovaries of sterile NANOS3-null beef cattle ▶     Atsushi Ideta, Shiro Yamashita, Marie Seki-Soma et al.     Blastocyst complementation (BC) systems have enabled in vivo generation of organs from allogeneic pluripotent cells, compensating for an empty germ cell niche in gene knockout …             Quantitative Measure of Receptor Agonist and Modulator Equi-Response and Equi-Occupancy Selectivity ▶     Rumin Zhang, Michael Kavana     G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important class of drug targets. Quantitative analysis by global curve fitting of properly designed dose-dependent GPCR agonism and …             Association between occupational exposures to pesticides with heterogeneous chemical structures and farmer health in China ▶     Xusheng Huang, Chao Zhang, Ruifa Hu et al.     This study analyzed the associations of farmers’ exposure to organophosphates (OPs), organosulfurs (OSs), organonitrogens (ONs) and pyrethroids (PYRs) with parameters of the …             A novel serine protease, Sep1, from Bacillus firmus DS-1 has nematicidal activity and degrades multiple intestinal-associated nematode proteins ▶     Ce Geng, Xiangtao Nie, Zhichao Tang et al.     Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause serious harm to agricultural production. Bacillus firmus shows excellent control of PPNs and has been produced as a commercial nematicide. …             Identification of miRNomes reveals ssc-miR-30d-R_1 as a potential therapeutic target for PRRS viral infection ▶     Chengmin Wang, Yanyu Zhang, Jing Luo et al.     Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is known to cause reproductive disorders, such as abortion, in pregnant sows as well as immunosuppressive respiratory …             Protecting enzymatic function through directed packaging into bacterial outer membrane vesicles ▶     Nathan J. Alves, Kendrick B. Turner, Igor L. Medintz et al.     Bacteria possess innate machinery to transport extracellular cargo between cells as well as package virulence factors to infect host cells by secreting outer membrane vesicles …             FET proteins regulate lifespan and neuronal integrity ▶     Martine Therrien, Guy A. Rouleau, Patrick A. Dion et al.     The FET protein family includes FUS, EWS and TAF15 proteins, all of which have been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motor …             sFRP4-dependent Wnt signal modulation is critical for bone remodeling during postnatal development and age-related bone loss ▶     Ryuma Haraguchi, Riko Kitazawa, Kiyoshi Mori et al.     sFRP4 is an extracellular Wnt antagonist that fine-tunes its signal activity by direct binding to Wnts. Bone fragility under oxidative stress by diabetes and aging is partly …             Cancer-specific binary expression system activated in mice by bacteriophage HK022 Integrase ▶     Amer Elias, Itay Spector, Ilana Sogolovsky-Bard et al.     Binary systems based on site-specific recombination have been used for tumor specific transcription targeting of suicide genes in animal models. In these binary systems a site …             Identification and characterization of rabbit ROSA26 for gene knock-in and stable reporter gene expression ▶     Dongshan Yang, Jun Song, Jifeng Zhang et al.     The laboratory rabbit has been a valuable model system for human disease studies. To make the rabbit model more amendable to targeted gene knockin and stable gene …             Positional distribution of transcription factor binding sites in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Chun-Ping Yu, Jinn-Jy Lin, Wen-Hsiung Li     Binding of a transcription factor (TF) to its DNA binding sites (TFBSs) is a critical step to initiate the transcription of its target genes. It is therefore interesting to know …             Development of camelid single chain antibodies against Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) with therapeutic potential against Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) ▶     Maria P. Mejías, Yanina Hiriart, Constanza Lauché et al.     Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are implicated in the development of the life-threatening Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Despite the magnitude of …             Transcriptome analysis of interactions between silkworm and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus ▶     Liang Jiang, Zhengwen Peng, Youbing Guo et al.     Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) specifically infects silkworm midgut (MG) and multiplication occurs mainly in posterior midgut (PM). In this study, MG and fat …             Secretory pathway retention of mutant prion protein induces p38-MAPK activation and lethal disease in mice ▶     Berta Puig, Hermann C. Altmeppen, Sarah Ulbrich et al.     Misfolding of proteins in the biosynthetic pathway in neurons may cause disturbed protein homeostasis and neurodegeneration. The prion protein (PrPC) is a GPI-anchored protein …             Transcriptome signature for dampened Th2 dominance in acellular pertussis vaccine-induced CD4+ T cell responses through TLR4 ligation ▶     Jolanda Brummelman, René H. M. Raeven, Kina Helm et al.     Current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines promote a T helper 2 (Th2)-dominated response, while Th1/Th17 cells are protective. As our previous study showed, after adding a …             Resting electrical network activity in traps of the aquatic carnivorous plants of the genera Aldrovanda and Utricularia ▶     Elisa Masi, Marzena Ciszak, Ilaria Colzi et al.     In this study the MEA (multielectrode array) system was used to record electrical responses of intact and halved traps, and other trap-free tissues of two aquatic carnivorous …             Platelet-cytokine Complex Suppresses Tumour Growth by Exploiting Intratumoural Thrombin-dependent Platelet Aggregation ▶     Yu-Tung Li, Tomoyuki Nishikawa, Yasufumi Kaneda     Tumours constitute unique microenvironments where various blood cells and factors are exposed as a result of leaky vasculature. In the present study, we report that thrombin …             Pronounced peptide selectivity for melanoma through tryptophan end-tagging ▶     Dinh Thuy Duong, Shalini Singh, Mojtaba Bagheri et al.     Effects of oligotryptophan end-tagging on the uptake of arginine-rich peptides into melanoma cells was investigated under various conditions and compared to that into …             LPS-induced NFκB enhanceosome requires TonEBP/NFAT5 without DNA binding ▶     Hwan Hee Lee, Satoru Sanada, Seung Min An et al.     NFκB is a central mediator of inflammation. Present inhibitors of NFκB are mostly based on inhibition of essential machinery such as proteasome and protein kinases, or activation …             A single active catalytic site is sufficient to promote transport in P-glycoprotein ▶     Orsolya Bársony, Gábor Szalóki, Dóra Türk et al.     P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is an ABC transporter responsible for the ATP-dependent efflux of chemotherapeutic compounds from multidrug resistant cancer cells. Better understanding of …             Discovery of new MD2 inhibitor from chalcone derivatives with anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced acute lung injury ▶     Yali Zhang, Jianzhang Wu, Shilong Ying et al.     Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening acute inflammatory disease with limited options available for therapy. Myeloid differentiation protein 2, a co-receptor of TLR4, is …             Type conversion of secretomes in a 3D TAM2 and HCC cell co-culture system and functional importance of CXCL2 in HCC ▶     Yu Lu, Shan Li, Liping Ma et al.     Macrophages play important roles in the tumor microenvironment, driving cancer progression and metastasis, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few studies …             Ear-body lift and a novel thrust generating mechanism revealed by the complex wake of brown long-eared bats (Plecotus auritus) ▶     L. Christoffer Johansson, Jonas Håkansson, Lasse Jakobsen et al.     Large ears enhance perception of echolocation and prey generated sounds in bats. However, external ears likely impair aerodynamic performance of bats compared to birds. But large …             Long-term effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on neural density and function using misery perfusion animal model ▶     Asuka Nishino, Yosuke Tajima, Hiroyuki Takuwa et al.     We investigated the chronic effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on neuronal density and functional hyperemia using our misery perfusion mouse model under unilateral common carotid …             Accumulation of isolevuglandin-modified protein in normal and fibrotic lung ▶     Stacey Mont, Sean S. Davies, L. Jackson Roberts second et al.     Protein lysine modification by γ-ketoaldehyde isomers derived from arachidonic acid, termed isolevuglandins (IsoLGs), is emerging as a mechanistic link between pathogenic …             Angiogenesis genotyping and clinical outcome during regorafenib treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients ▶     Riccardo Giampieri, Lisa Salvatore, Michela Del Prete et al.     Regorafenib monotherapy is a potential option for metastatic colorectal cancer patients. However, the lack of predictive factors and the severe toxicities related to treatment …             Excretion of dengue virus RNA by Aedes aegypti allows non-destructive monitoring of viral dissemination in individual mosquitoes ▶     Albin Fontaine, Davy Jiolle, Isabelle Moltini-Conclois et al.     Successful transmission of a vector-borne pathogen relies on a complex life cycle in the arthropod vector that requires initial infection of the digestive tract followed by …             Differential utilization of binding loop flexibility in T cell receptor ligand selection and cross-reactivity ▶     Cory M. Ayres, Daniel R. Scott, Steven A. Corcelli et al.     Complementarity determining region (CDR) loop flexibility has been suggested to play an important role in the selection and binding of ligands by T cell receptors (TCRs) of the …             Microfluidics for simultaneous quantification of platelet adhesion and blood viscosity ▶     Eunseop Yeom, Jun Hong Park, Yang Jun Kang et al.     Platelet functions, including adhesion, activation, and aggregation have an influence on thrombosis and the progression of atherosclerosis. In the present study, a new …             Fingolimod modulates multiple neuroinflammatory markers in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Nurgul Aytan, Ji-Kyung Choi, Isabel Carreras et al.     Sphingosine 1-phosphate (SP1) receptors may be attractive targets for modulation of inflammatory processes in neurodegenerative diseases. Recently fingolimod, a functional S1P1 …             Substantial and robust changes in microRNA transcriptome support postnatal development of the hypothalamus in rat ▶     Soraya Doubi-Kadmiri, Charlotte Benoit, Xavier Benigni et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression in male germ cells and somatic tissues of mammals on a genome-wide scale. Hundreds of miRNAs are encoded by mammalian genomes, a large …             Rem2, a member of the RGK family of small GTPases, is enriched in nuclei of the basal ganglia ▶     Daniel J. Liput, Van B. Lu, Margaret I. Davis et al.     Rem2 is a member of the RGK subfamily of RAS small GTPases. Rem2 inhibits high voltage activated calcium channels, is involved in synaptogenesis, and regulates dendritic …             Increased and prolonged human norovirus infection in RAG2/IL2RG deficient gnotobiotic pigs with severe combined immunodeficiency ▶     Shaohua Lei, Junghyun Ryu, Ke Wen et al.     Application of genetically engineered (GE) large animals carrying multi-allelic modifications has been hampered by low efficiency in production and extended gestation period …             Terminalia Chebula provides protection against dual modes of necroptotic and apoptotic cell death upon death receptor ligation ▶     Yoonjung Lee, Hee Sun Byun, Jeong Ho Seok et al.     Death receptor (DR) ligation elicits two different modes of cell death (necroptosis and apoptosis) depending on the cellular context. By screening a plant extract library from …             The impact of PICALM genetic variations on reserve capacity of posterior cingulate in AD continuum ▶     Wei Xu, Hui-Fu Wang, Lin Tan et al.     Phosphatidylinositolbinding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM) gene is one novel genetic player associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), based on recent genome wide …             The utility of DNA metabarcoding for studying the response of arthropod diversity and composition to land-use change in the tropics ▶     Kingsly Chuo Beng, Kyle W. Tomlinson, Xian Hui Shen et al.     Metabarcoding potentially offers a rapid and cheap method of monitoring biodiversity, but real-world applications are few. We investigated its utility in studying patterns of …             Divergent bufavirus harboured in megabats represents a new lineage of parvoviruses ▶     Michihito Sasaki, Gabriel Gonzalez, Yuji Wada et al.     Bufavirus is a recently recognized member of the genus Protoparvovirus in the subfamily Parvovirinae. It has been reported that human bufavirus was detected predominantly in …             p58IPK suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production via inhibition of PKR in macrophages ▶     Evgenii Boriushkin, Joshua J. Wang, Junhua Li et al.     The NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a key signaling event for activation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β from macrophages. p58IPK is a molecular …             Characterization of piRNAs across postnatal development in mouse brain ▶     Yanal Ghosheh, Loqmane Seridi, Taewoo Ryu et al.     PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are responsible for maintaining the genome stability by silencing retrotransposons in germline tissues– where piRNAs were first discovered and …             Role of the ESAT-6 secretion system in virulence of the emerging community-associated Staphylococcus aureus lineage ST398 ▶     Yanan Wang, Mo Hu, Qian Liu et al.     Novel Staphylococcus aureus clones continue to emerge that cause infections in otherwise healthy people. One example is the sequence type (ST) 398 lineage, which we show here is …             Three TaFAR genes function in the biosynthesis of primary alcohols and the response to abiotic stresses in Triticum aestivum ▶     Meiling Wang, Yong Wang, Hongqi Wu et al.     Cuticular waxes play crucial roles in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. They are complex mixtures of very-long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives, …             A dynamic interaction process between KaiA and KaiC is critical to the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator ▶     Pei Dong, Ying Fan, Jianqiang Sun et al.     The core circadian oscillator of cyanobacteria consists of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. This circadian oscillator could be functionally reconstituted in vitro with these …             A plant 35S CaMV promoter induces long-term expression of luciferase in Atlantic salmon ▶     Tore Seternes, Tom C. Tonheim, Anne I. Myhr et al.     The long-term persistence and activity of a naked plasmid DNA (pGL3-35S) containing a luc gene (reporter gene) controlled by a plant 35S CaMV promoter was studied in Atlantic …             Evaluation of tobacco specific nitrosamines exposure by quantification of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in human hair of non-smokers ▶     Raúl Pérez-Ortuño, Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez, Marcela Fu et al.     Chronic exposure to specific carcinogens present in secondhand smoke has been associated with different types of cancers. Hair is an ideal matrix to develop a proper biomarker as …             Smad6 determines BMP-regulated invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells in a zebrafish xenograft model ▶     Miriam de Boeck, Chao Cui, Aat A Mulder et al.     The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family is known to play critical roles in cancer progression. While the dual role of TGF-β is well described, the function of bone …             A web-based resource for designing therapeutics against Ebola Virus ▶     Sandeep Kumar Dhanda, Kumardeep Chaudhary, Sudheer Gupta et al.     In this study, we describe a web-based resource, developed for assisting the scientific community in designing an effective therapeutics against the Ebola virus. Firstly, we …             Efficient Generation of Myostatin Gene Mutated Rabbit by CRISPR/Cas9 ▶     Qingyan Lv, Lin Yuan, Jichao Deng et al.     CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in generating site-specific genetically modified animal models. Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of muscle mass, related to muscle growth …             Endophilin B2 promotes inner mitochondrial membrane degradation by forming heterodimers with Endophilin B1 during mitophagy ▶     Yi-Han Wang, Jiu-Qiang Wang, Qiaochu Wang et al.     Mitochondrial sequestration by autophagosomes is a key step in mitophagy while the mechanisms mediating this process are not fully understood. It has been reported that …             Inhabitancy of active Nitrosopumilus-like ammonia-oxidizing archaea and Nitrospira nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the sponge Theonella swinhoei ▶     Guofang Feng, Wei Sun, Fengli Zhang et al.     Nitrification directly contributes to the ammonia removal in sponges, and it plays an indispensable role in sponge-mediated nitrogen cycle. Previous studies have demonstrated …             Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are short-lived: reappraising the influence of migration, genetic factors and activation on estimation of lifespan ▶     Yifan Zhan, Kevin V. Chow, Priscilla Soo et al.     Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play an important role in immunity to certain pathogens and immunopathology in some autoimmune diseases. They are thought to have a longer …             Metabolomics reveals an involvement of pantothenate for male production responding to the short-day stimulus in the water flea, Daphnia pulex ▶     Kenji Toyota, Alex Gavin, Shinichi Miyagawa et al.     Under favorable conditions, the micro-crustacean Daphnia pulex produces female offspring by parthenogenesis, whereas under unfavorable conditions, they produce male offspring to …             Odorant receptors of Drosophila are sensitive to the molecular volume of odorants ▶     Majid Saberi, Hamed Seyed-allaei     Which properties of a molecule define its odor? This is a basic yet unanswered question regarding the olfactory system. The olfactory system of Drosophila has a repertoire of …             Social Presence Diminishes Contagious Yawning in the Laboratory ▶     Andrew Gallup, Allyson M. Church, Heather Miller et al.     Contagious yawning may be a useful measure of social psychological functioning, and thus it is important to evaluate the variables influencing its expression in laboratory …             Vascularised endosteal bone tissue in armoured sauropod dinosaurs ▶     Anusuya Chinsamy, Ignacio Cerda, Jaime Powell     The presence of well-vascularised, endosteal bone in the medullary region of long bones of nonavian dinosaurs has been invoked as being homologous to medullary bone, a …             Neural mechanisms to predict subjective level of fatigue in the future: a magnetoencephalography study ▶     Akira Ishii, Masaaki Tanaka, Yasuyoshi Watanabe     Fatigue is a major contributor to workplace accidents, morbidity, and mortality. To prevent the disruption of homeostasis and to concurrently accomplish an assigned workload, it …             Hypomethylation of ERVs in the sperm of mice haploinsufficient for the histone methyltransferase Setdb1 correlates with a paternal effect on phenotype ▶     Lucia Daxinger, Harald Oey, Luke Isbel et al.     The number of reports of paternal epigenetic influences on the phenotype of offspring in rodents is increasing but the molecular events involved remain unclear. Here, we show …             Large-scale identification of small noncoding RNA with strand-specific deep sequencing and characterization of a novel virulence-related sRNA in Brucella melitensis ▶     Zhijun Zhong, Xiaoyang Xu, Xinran Li et al.     Brucella is the causative agent of brucellosis, a worldwide epidemic zoonosis. Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) are important modulators of gene expression and involved in …             Human somatic cells subjected to genetic induction with six germ line-related factors display meiotic germ cell-like features ▶     Jose V. Medrano, Ana M. Martínez-Arroyo, Jose M. Míguez et al.     The in vitro derivation of human germ cells has attracted interest in the last years, but their direct conversion from human somatic cells has not yet been reported. Here we …             ESCRT-0 dysfunction compromises autophagic degradation of protein aggregates and facilitates ER stress-mediated neurodegeneration via apoptotic and necroptotic pathways ▶     Ryuji Oshima, Takafumi Hasegawa, Keiichi Tamai et al.     Endosomal sorting required for transport (ESCRT) complexes orchestrate endo-lysosomal sorting of ubiquitinated proteins, multivesicular body formation and autophagic degradation. …             Comprehensive analysis of the polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase genes in Brassica rapa shed light on their different evolutionary patterns ▶     Weike Duan, Zhinan Huang, Xiaoming Song et al.     Pectins are fundamental polysaccharides in the plant primary cell wall. Polygalacturonases (PGs) and pectin methylesterases (PMEs), major components of the pectin remodeling and …             Identification of critical residues in Hepatitis E virus macro domain involved in its interaction with viral methyltransferase and ORF3 proteins ▶     Saumya Anang, Chandru Subramani, Vidya P. Nair et al.     Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of hepatitis in normal and organ transplant individuals. HEV open reading frame-1 encodes a polypeptide comprising of the viral …             The Csr system regulates genome-wide mRNA stability and transcription and thus gene expression in Escherichia coli ▶     Thomas Esquerré, Marie Bouvier, Catherine Turlan et al.     Bacterial adaptation requires large-scale regulation of gene expression. We have performed a genome-wide analysis of the Csr system, which regulates many important cellular …             Functional characterization of electron-transferring flavoprotein and its dehydrogenase required for fungal development and plant infection by the rice blast fungus ▶     Ya Li, Jindong Zhu, Jiexiong Hu et al.     Electron-transferring flavoprotein (ETF) and its dehydrogenase (ETFDH) are highly conserved electron carriers which mainly function in mitochondrial fatty acid β oxidation. Here, …             Tick receptor for outer surface protein A from Ixodes ricinus— the first intrinsically disordered protein involved in vector-microbe recognition ▶     Anna Urbanowicz, Dominik Lewandowski, Kamil Szpotkowski et al.     The tick receptor for outer surface protein A (TROSPA) is the only identified factor involved in tick gut colonization by various Borrelia species. TROSPA is localized in the gut …             Genome-wide non-CpG methylation of the host genome during M. tuberculosis infection ▶     Garima Sharma, Divya Tej Sowpati, Prakruti Singh et al.     A mammalian cell utilizes DNA methylation to modulate gene expression in response to environmental changes during development and differentiation. Aberrant DNA methylation …             Model-based genotype-phenotype mapping used to investigate gene signatures of immune sensitivity and resistance in melanoma micrometastasis ▶     Guido Santos, Svetoslav Nikolov, Xin Lai et al.     In this paper, we combine kinetic modelling and patient gene expression data analysis to elucidate biological mechanisms by which melanoma becomes resistant to the immune system …             Local adaptation to temperature and precipitation in naturally fragmented populations of Cephalotaxus oliveri, an endangered conifer endemic to China ▶     Ting Wang, Zhen Wang, Fan Xia et al.     Cephalotaxus oliveri is an endangered tertiary relict conifer endemic to China. The species survives in a wide range from west to east with heterogeneous climatic conditions. …             A specialized face-processing model inspired by the organization of monkey face patches explains several face-specific phenomena observed in humans ▶     Amirhossein Farzmahdi, Karim Rajaei, Masoud Ghodrati et al.     Converging reports indicate that face images are processed through specialized neural networks in the brain –i.e. face patches in monkeys and the fusiform face area (FFA) in …             Disease-emergence dynamics and control in a socially-structured wildlife species ▶     Kim M. Pepin, Kurt C. VerCauteren     Once a pathogen is introduced in a population, key factors governing rate of spread include contact structure, supply of susceptible individuals and pathogen life-history. We …             Enterobacter cloacae inhibits human norovirus infectivity in gnotobiotic pigs ▶     Shaohua Lei, Helen Samuel, Erica Twitchell et al.     Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. Study of HuNoV biology has been hampered by the lack of an efficient cell culture system. …             AutA and AutR, Two Novel Global Transcriptional Regulators, Facilitate Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infection ▶     Xiangkai Zhuge, Fang Tang, Hongfei Zhu et al.     Bacteria can change its lifestyle during inhabiting in host niches where they survive and replicate by rapidly altering gene expression pattern to accommodate the new …             Expression of GhNAC2 from G. herbaceum, improves root growth and imparts tolerance to drought in transgenic cotton and Arabidopsis ▶     Samatha Gunapati, Ram Naresh, Sanjay Ranjan et al.     NAC proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that play essential roles in regulating development and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. We show that …             Exon-skipping and mRNA decay in human liver tissue: molecular consequences of pathogenic bile salt export pump mutations ▶     Carola Dröge, Heiner Schaal, Guido Engelmann et al.     The bile salt export pump BSEP mediates bile formation. Over 150 BSEP mutations are associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC-2), with few …             Significant accumulation of nitrate in Chinese semi-humid croplands ▶     Junyu Zhou, Baojing Gu, William H. Schlesinger et al.     Soil nitrate is important for crop growth, but it can also leach to groundwater causing nitrate contamination, a threat to human health. Here, we report a significant …             The transcriptomics of an experimentally evolved plant-virus interaction ▶     Julia Hillung, Francisco García-García, Joaquín Dopazo et al.     Models of plant-virus interaction assume that the ability of a virus to infect a host genotype depends on the matching between virulence and resistance genes. Recently, we …             Folding and Stabilization of Native-Sequence-Reversed Proteins ▶     Yuanzhao Zhang, Jeffrey K Weber, Ruhong Zhou     Though the problem of sequence-reversed protein folding is largely unexplored, one might speculate that reversed native protein sequences should be significantly more foldable …             Dietary flavonoid intake and the risk of digestive tract cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Yacong Bo, Jinfeng Sun, Mengmeng Wang et al.     Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between dietary flavonoid intake and digestive tract cancers risk; however, the results remain inconclusive. The …             A direct assessment of human prion adhered to steel wire using real-time quaking-induced conversion ▶     Tsuyoshi Mori, Ryuichiro Atarashi, Kana Furukawa et al.     Accidental transmission of prions during neurosurgery has been reported as a consequence of re-using contaminated surgical instruments. Several decontamination methods have been …             Proteomic dissection of LPS-inducible, PHF8-dependent secretome reveals novel roles of PHF8 in TLR4-induced acute inflammation and T cell proliferation ▶     Özgün Erdoğan, Ling Xie, Li Wang et al.     Endotoxin (LPS)-induced changes in histone lysine methylation contribute to the gene-specific transcription for control of inflammation. Still unidentified are the chromatin …             Ultrasound modulates ion channel currents ▶     Jan Kubanek, Jingyi Shi, Jon Marsh et al.     Transcranial focused ultrasound (US) has been demonstrated to stimulate neurons in animals and humans, but the mechanism of this effect is unknown. It has been hypothesized that …             MiR-142-3p is a RANKL-dependent inducer of cell death in osteoclasts ▶     Jezrom B. Fordham, Katherine Guilfoyle, Afsar Raza Naqvi et al.     MicroRNA are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that are estimated to regulate ~60% of the human genome. MiRNA profiling of monocyte-to-osteoclast differentiation identified …             Alteration of the serum microbiome composition in cirrhotic patients with ascites ▶     Alba Santiago, Marta Pozuelo, Maria Poca et al.     The progression of cirrhosis is associated with alterations in the composition of the gut microbiome. To assess microbial translocation, we compared the serum microbial …             Salinity shapes microbial diversity and community structure in surface sediments of the Qinghai-Tibetan Lakes ▶     Jian Yang, Li’an Ma, Hongchen Jiang et al.     Investigating microbial response to environmental variables is of great importance for understanding of microbial acclimatization and evolution in natural environments. However, …             The zinc spark is an inorganic signature of human egg activation ▶     Francesca E. Duncan, Emily L. Que, Nan Zhang et al.     Egg activation refers to events required for transition of a gamete into an embryo, including establishment of the polyspermy block, completion of meiosis, entry into mitosis, …             Amphiregulin mediates hCG-induced StAR expression and progesterone production in human granulosa cells ▶     Lanlan Fang, Yiping Yu, Ruizhe Zhang et al.     Progesterone plays critical roles in maintaining a successful pregnancy at the early embryonic stage. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) rapidly induces amphiregulin (AREG) …             Scaling in topological properties of brain networks ▶     Soibam Shyamchand Singh, Budhachandra Khundrakpam, Andrew T. Reid et al.     The organization in brain networks shows highly modular features with weak inter-modular interaction. The topology of the networks involves emergence of modules and sub-modules …             Unique behavior of Trypanosoma cruzi mevalonate kinase: A conserved glycosomal enzyme involved in host cell invasion and signaling ▶     Éden Ramalho Ferreira, Eduardo Horjales, Alexis Bonfim-Melo et al.     Mevalonate kinase (MVK) is an essential enzyme acting in early steps of sterol isoprenoids biosynthesis, such as cholesterol in humans or ergosterol in trypanosomatids. MVK is …             Combining measurements to estimate properties and characterization extent of complex biochemical mixtures; applications to Heparan Sulfate ▶     Joël R. Pradines, Daniela Beccati, Miroslaw Lech et al.     Complex mixtures of molecular species, such as glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans, have important biological and therapeutic functions. Characterization of these mixtures with …             A biofidelic 3D culture model to study the development of brain cellular systems ▶     M. Ren, C. Du, E. Herrero Acero et al.     Little is known about how cells assemble as systems during corticogenesis to generate collective functions. We built a neurobiology platform that consists of fetal rat cerebral …             Direct observations of ice seasonality reveal changes in climate over the past 320–570 years ▶     Sapna Sharma, John J. Magnuson, Ryan D. Batt et al.     Lake and river ice seasonality (dates of ice freeze and breakup) responds sensitively to climatic change and variability. We analyzed climate-related changes using direct human …             MYH9 is an Essential Factor for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection ▶     Jiming Gao, Shuqi Xiao, Yihong Xiao et al.     Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV) is an important swine disease worldwide. PRRSV has a limited tropism for certain cells, …             sept7b is required for the differentiation of pancreatic endocrine progenitors ▶     Surjya Narayan Dash, Elina Hakonen, Jarkko Ustinov et al.     Protection or restoration of pancreatic β-cell mass as a therapeutic treatment for type 1 diabetes requires understanding of the mechanisms that drive the specification and …             Fisetin stimulates autophagic degradation of phosphorylated tau via the activation of TFEB and Nrf2 transcription factors ▶     Sunhyo Kim, Ki Ju Choi, Sun-Jung Cho et al.     The neuronal accumulation of phosphorylated tau plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we examined the effect of fisetin, a flavonol, on tau …             Target delivery of small interfering RNAs with vitamin E-coupled nanoparticles for treating hepatitis C ▶     Liang Duan, Yan Yan, Jingyi Liu et al.     RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising strategy for the treatment of HCV infection. However, the development of an effective system for in vivo delivery of small …             Encapsulation of zinc-rifampicin complex into transferrin-conjugated silver quantum-dots improves its antimycobacterial activity and stability and facilitates drug delivery into macrophages ▶     Rashmirekha Pati, Rojalin Sahu, Jagannath Panda et al.     In order to improve the chemotherapy of tuberculosis, there is an urgent need to enhance the efficacy of existing agents and also to develop more efficient drug delivery systems. …               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Postdoctoral Fellow     Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic            Postdoctoral Research Scientist     Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow            University Postdoctoral Fellow     University of Connecticut            Postdoctoral Research Assistant     University of Dundee            International PhD Fellowship Program     Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)            Post-doctoral Research Scientist     The Pirbright Institute            Research Fellowship     LE STUDIUM            Postdoctor Researcher     McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School            Group leader     Institut Curie            Research Fellow     The University of Warwick          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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