Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 29 March 2016

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29 March 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               npj Science of Learning is a new online-only, open access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research into the mechanisms that underpin learning in experimental conditions and educational environments. To hear more about the aims of npj Science of Learning from the Editor-in-Chief, Professor Pankaj Sah, please click here.                  Biological Sciences               Genome sequence and plasmid transformation of the model high-yield bacterial cellulose producer Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC 53582 ▶     Michael Florea, Benjamin Reeve, James Abbott et al.     Bacterial cellulose is a strong, highly pure form of cellulose that is used in a range of applications in industry, consumer goods and medicine. Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC …             Ligand-binding specificity and promiscuity of the main lignocellulolytic enzyme families as revealed by active-site architecture analysis ▶     Li Tian, Shijia Liu, Shuai Wang et al.     Biomass can be converted into sugars by a series of lignocellulolytic enzymes, which belong to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) families summarized in CAZy databases. Here, using a …             Kinetic Measurements Reveal Enhanced Protein-Protein Interactions at Intercellular Junctions ▶     Nitesh Shashikanth, Meridith A. Kisting, Deborah E. Leckband     The binding properties of adhesion proteins are typically quantified from measurements with soluble fragments, under conditions that differ radically from the confined …             Small molecule-mediated up-regulation of microRNA targeting a key cell death modulator BNIP3 improves cardiac function following ischemic injury ▶     Se-Yeon Lee, Seahyoung Lee, Eunhyun Choi et al.     Genetic ablation of BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), an essential regulator of cardiac cell death, is an effective way to prevent cardiac cell …             dbPAF: an integrative database of protein phosphorylation in animals and fungi ▶     Shahid Ullah, Shaofeng Lin, Yang Xu et al.     Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications (PTMs) and regulates a broad spectrum of biological processes. Recent progresses in …             Tetrapod-like pelvic girdle in a walking cavefish ▶     Brooke E. Flammang, Apinun Suvarnaraksha, Julie Markiewicz et al.     Fishes have adapted a number of different behaviors to move out of the water, but none have been described as being able to walk on land with a tetrapod-like gait. Here we show …             Trace fossil evidence of coral-inhabiting crabs (Cryptochiridae) and its implications for growth and paleobiogeography ▶     Adiël A. Klompmaker, Roger W. Portell, Sancia E.T. van der Meij     Members of the Cryptochiridae are small, fragile, symbiotic crabs that live in domiciles in modern corals. Despite their worldwide occurrence with over 50 species known today, …             Residual matrix from different separation techniques impacts exosome biological activity ▶     Lucia Paolini, Andrea Zendrini, Giuseppe Di Noto et al.     Exosomes are gaining a prominent role in research due to their intriguing biology and several therapeutic opportunities. However, their accurate purification from body fluids and …             RORγt+ cells selectively express redundant cation channels linked to the Golgi apparatus ▶     Lucile Drujont, Aurélie Lemoine, Aurélie Moreau et al.     Retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) is a master transcription factor central to type 17 immunity involving cells such as T helper 17, group 3 innate lymphoid cells …             Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand induces cell adhesion and integrin α2 expression via NF-κB in head and neck cancers ▶     Tamaki Yamada, Masumi Tsuda, Takanori Wagatsuma et al.     Cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix play critical roles in tumor progression. We previously reported that receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) specifically …             Dynamin II is required for 17β-estradiol signaling and autophagy-based ERα degradation ▶     Pierangela Totta, Claudia Busonero, Stefano Leone et al.     17β-estradiol (E2) regulates diverse physiological effects, including cell proliferation, by binding to estrogen receptor α (ERα). ERα is both a transcription factor that drives …             Cortical thickness in human V1 associated with central vision loss ▶     Wesley K. Burge, Joseph C. Griffis, Rodolphe Nenert et al.     Better understanding of the extent and scope of visual cortex plasticity following central vision loss is essential both for clarifying the mechanisms of brain plasticity and for …             The fetal thymus has a unique genomic copy number profile resulting from physiological T cell receptor gene rearrangement ▶     Anders Valind, C. Haikal, M. E. K. Klasson et al.     Somatic mosaicism, the presence of genetically distinct cells within an organism, has been increasingly associated with human morbidity, ranging from being a cause of rare …             miR-isomiRExp: a web-server for the analysis of expression of miRNA at the miRNA/isomiR levels ▶     Li Guo, Jiafeng Yu, Tingming Liang et al.     MicroRNA (miRNA) locus has been found that can generate a series of varied isomiR sequences. Most studies always focus on determining miRNA level, however, the canonical miRNA …             Structural insights and in vitro reconstitution of membrane targeting and activation of human PI4KB by the ACBD3 protein ▶     Martin Klima, Dániel J. Tóth, Rozalie Hexnerova et al.     Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) is one of four human PI4K enzymes that generate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), a minor but essential regulatory lipid found …             Morphotype-specific effector functions of Cryptococcus neoformans PUM1 ▶     Jan Naseer Kaur, John C. Panepinto     The basidiomycete fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans requires the PUF protein, Pum1, for hyphal morphogenesis during sexual development. In this study we found that Pum1 was …             Role of Signal Regulatory Protein α in Arsenic Trioxide-induced Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Apoptosis ▶     Chaoyun Pan, Dihan Zhu, Jianjiang Zhuo et al.     Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) has been shown to operate as a negative regulator in cancer cell survival. The mechanism underneath such function, however, remains poorly …             Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein cooperates with phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα to induce mitochondrial fragmentation ▶     Gavin Ka Yu Siu, Fan Zhou, Mei Kuen Yu et al.     Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has long been observed to take advantage of the host mitochondria to support viral replication and assembly. The HCV core protein has been implicated to …             Extract of Vernonia condensata, Inhibits Tumor Progression and Improves Survival of Tumor-allograft Bearing Mouse ▶     Elizabeth Thomas, Vidya Gopalakrishnan, Ranganatha R. Somasagara et al.     Medicinal plants are considered as one of the ideal sources for cancer therapy due to their bioactive contents and low toxicity to humans. Vernonia genus is one of the common …             Enhancing the Temporal Complexity of Distributed Brain Networks with Patterned Cerebellar Stimulation ▶     Faranak Farzan, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Jeremy D. Schmahmann et al.     Growing evidence suggests that sensory, motor, cognitive and affective processes map onto specific, distributed neural networks. Cerebellar subregions are part of these networks, …             Insects for breakfast and whales for dinner: the diet and body condition of dingoes on Fraser Island (K’gari) ▶     Linda Behrendorff, Luke K.-P. Leung, Allan McKinnon et al.     Top-predators play stabilising roles in island food webs, including Fraser Island, Australia. Subsidising generalist predators with human-sourced food could disrupt this balance, …             Tumour imaging by the detection of fibrin clots in tumour stroma using an anti-fibrin Fab fragment ▶     Toshifumi Obonai, Hirobumi Fuchigami, Fumiaki Furuya et al.     The diagnosis of early and aggressive types of cancer is important for providing effective cancer therapy. Cancer-induced fibrin clots exist only within lesions. Previously, we …             Conserved differences in protein sequence determine the human pathogenicity of Ebolaviruses ▶     Morena Pappalardo, Miguel Juliá, Mark J. Howard et al.     Reston viruses are the only Ebolaviruses that are not pathogenic in humans. We analyzed 196 Ebolavirus genomes and identified specificity determining positions (SDPs) in all nine …             Accurate Learning with Few Atlases (ALFA): an algorithm for MRI neonatal brain extraction and comparison with 11 publicly available methods ▶     Ahmed Serag, Manuel Blesa, Emma J. Moore et al.     Accurate whole-brain segmentation, or brain extraction, of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical first step in most neuroimage analysis pipelines. The majority of brain …             WIP and WICH/WIRE co-ordinately control invadopodium formation and maturation in human breast cancer cell invasion ▶     Esther García, Chiara Ragazzini, Xinzi Yu et al.     Cancer cells form actin-rich degradative protrusions (invasive pseudopods and invadopodia), which allows their efficient dispersal during metastasis. Using biochemical and …             Thermally activated charge transport in microbial protein nanowires ▶     Sanela Lampa-Pastirk, Joshua P. Veazey, Kathleen A. Walsh et al.     The bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens requires the expression of conductive protein filaments or pili to respire extracellular electron acceptors such as iron oxides and uranium …             Amyloid-like ribbons of amelogenins in enamel mineralization ▶     Karina M. M. Carneiro, Halei Zhai, Li Zhu et al.     Enamel, the outermost layer of teeth, is an acellular mineralized tissue that cannot regenerate; the mature tissue is composed of high aspect ratio apatite nanocrystals organized …             Hedgehog associated to microparticles inhibits adipocyte differentiation via a non-canonical pathway ▶     Audrey Fleury, Lucile Hoch, M. Carmen Martinez et al.     Hedgehog (Hh) is a critical regulator of adipogenesis. Extracellular vesicles are natural Hh carriers, as illustrated by activated/apoptotic lymphocytes specifically shedding …             The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with the functional connectivity dynamics of pain modulatory systems in primary dysmenorrhea ▶     Shyh-Yuh Wei, Hsiang-Tai Chao, Cheng-Hao Tu et al.     Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), menstrual pain without an organic cause, is a prevailing problem in women of reproductive age. We previously reported alterations of structure and …             An essential role for the intra-oocyte MAPK activity in the NSN-to-SN transition of germinal vesicle chromatin configuration in porcine oocytes ▶     Ming-Ju Sun, Shuai Zhu, You-Wei Li et al.     The mechanisms for the transition from non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) to surrounded nucleolus (SN) chromatin configuration during oocyte growth/maturation are unclear. By …             Regulation of Multi-drug Resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells is TRPC6/Calcium Dependent ▶     Liang Wen, Chao Liang, Enjiang Chen et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is notoriously refractory to chemotherapy because of its tendency to develop multi-drug resistance (MDR), whose various underlying mechanisms make …             Net-Immobilization of β-glucosidase on Nonwoven Fabrics to Lower the Cost of “Cellulosic Ethanol” and Increase Cellulose Conversions ▶     Xing Zhu, Bin He, Changwen Zhao et al.     The main limitation preventing the use of enzymatic cellulosic ethanol in industrial production is its higher cost which is mainly due to the elevated price of β-glucosidase …             Genome-Wide Identification of R2R3-MYB Genes and Expression Analyses During Abiotic Stress in Gossypium raimondii ▶     Qiuling He, Don C. Jones, Wei Li et al.     The R2R3-MYB is one of the largest families of transcription factors, which have been implicated in multiple biological processes. There is great diversity in the number of …             Haptic Edge Detection Through Shear ▶     Jonathan Platkiewicz, Hod Lipson, Vincent Hayward     Most tactile sensors are based on the assumption that touch depends on measuring pressure. However, the pressure distribution at the surface of a tactile sensor cannot be …             Self-healing Characteristics of Collagen Coatings with Respect to Surface Abrasion ▶     Chang-Lae Kim, Dae-Eun Kim     A coating based on collagen with self-healing properties was developed for applications in mechanical components that are prone to abrasion due to contact with a counter surface. …             Coupling a DNA-Based Machine with Glucometer Readouts for Amplified Detection of Telomerase Activity in Cancer Cells ▶     Wenjing Wang, Shan Huang, Jingjing Li et al.     The strong correlation between cancer and telomerase activity has inspired the development of new strategies to evaluate telomerase activity. Here, a personal glucose meter (PGM) …             The retinoid X receptor from mud crab: new insights into its roles in ovarian development and related signaling pathway ▶     Jie Gong, Chencui Huang, Ling Shu et al.     In arthropods, retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a highly conserved nuclear hormone receptor. By forming a heterodimeric complex with the ecdysone receptor (EcR), RXR is known to be …             Age and gender specific estimation of visceral adipose tissue amounts from radiological images in morbidly obese patients ▶     Nicolas Linder, Alexander Schaudinn, Nikita Garnov et al.     Image-based quantifications of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volumes from segmented VAT areas are increasingly considered for risk assessment in obese patients. The goal of this …             Paclitaxel-loaded phosphonated calixarene nanovesicles as a modular drug delivery platform ▶     Jingxin Mo, Paul K. Eggers, Zhi-xiang Yuan et al.     A modular p-phosphonated calix[4]arene vesicle (PCV) loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) and conjugated with folic acid as a cancer targeting ligand has been prepared using a thin …             HBx-upregulated lncRNA UCA1 promotes cell growth and tumorigenesis by recruiting EZH2 and repressing p27Kip1/CDK2 signaling ▶     Jiao-Jiao Hu, Wei Song, Shao-Dan Zhang et al.     It is well accepted that HBx plays the major role in hepatocarcinogenesis associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. However, little was known about its role in …             A model to assess the efficacy of vaccines for control of liver fluke infection ▶     Joanne Turner, Alison Howell, Cathy McCann et al.     Fasciola hepatica, common liver fluke, infects cattle and sheep causing disease and production losses costing approximately $3billion annually. Current control relies on drugs …             Metabolic flux profiling of MDCK cells during growth and canine adenovirus vector production ▶     Nuno Carinhas, Daniel A. M. Pais, Alexey Koshkin et al.     Canine adenovirus vector type 2 (CAV2) represents an alternative to human adenovirus vectors for certain gene therapy applications, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. …             New Findings in eNOS gene and Thalidomide Embryopathy Suggest pre-transcriptional effect variants as susceptibility factors ▶     Thayne Woycinck Kowalski, Lucas Rosa Fraga, Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues et al.     Antiangiogenic properties of thalidomide have created an interest in the use of the drug in treatment of cancer. However, thalidomide is responsible for thalidomide embryopathy …             Ingestion of Bt corn pollen containing Cry1Ab/2Aj or Cry1Ac does not harm Propylea japonica larvae ▶     Yanmin Liu, Qingsong Liu, Yanan Wang et al.     Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a prevalent pollen consumer in corn fields and is therefore exposed to insecticidal proteins contained in the pollen …             Immunogenicity of a Trivalent Recombinant Vaccine Against Clostridium perfringens Alpha, Beta, and Epsilon Toxins in Farm Ruminants ▶     Gustavo Marçal Schmidt Garcia Moreira, Felipe Masiero Salvarani, Carlos Eduardo Pouey da Cunha et al.     Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic bacterium that produces several toxins. Of these, the alpha, beta, and epsilon toxins are responsible for causing the most severe C. …             Population-genetic properties of differentiated copy number variations in cattle ▶     Lingyang Xu, Yali Hou, Derek M. Bickhart et al.     While single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is typically the variant of choice for population genetics, copy number variation (CNV) which comprises insertion, deletion and …             Male Presence can Increase Body Mass and Induce a Stress-Response in Female Mice Independent of Costs of Offspring Production ▶     Michael Garratt, Anthony J. Kee, Rupert Palme et al.     Sexual reproduction in animals requires close interactions with the opposite sex. These interactions may generate costs of reproduction, because mates can induce detrimental …             Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Activation on Offspring Kidney Health in a Rat Model of Maternal Obesity ▶     Sarah J. Glastras, Hui Chen, Rachel T. McGrath et al.     Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of chronic disease in offspring, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Exendin-4 (Exd-4) activates the glucagon like peptide-1 …             Crucial roles of XCR1-expressing dendritic cells and the XCR1-XCL1 chemokine axis in intestinal immune homeostasis ▶     Tomokazu Ohta, Masanaka Sugiyama, Hiroaki Hemmi et al.     Intestinal immune homeostasis requires dynamic crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) exist as multiple phenotypically and functionally …             Biallelic editing of a lamprey genome using the CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Yao Zu, Xushuai Zhang, Jianfeng Ren et al.     Lampreys are extant representatives of agnathans. Descriptions of lamprey development, physiology and genome have provided critical insights into early evolution of vertebrate …             Pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum sequesters plant-derived secondary metabolite L-DOPA for wound healing and UVA resistance ▶     Yi Zhang, Xing-Xing Wang, Zhan-Feng Zhang et al.     Herbivores can ingest and store plant-synthesized toxic compounds in their bodies, and sequester those compounds for their own benefits. The broad bean, Vicia faba L., contains a …             Biochemical and functional characterization of glycosylation-associated mutational landscapes in colon cancer ▶     Srividya Venkitachalam, Leslie Revoredo, Vinay Varadan et al.     The molecular basis of aberrant protein glycosylation, a pathological alteration widespread in colorectal cancers (CRC), and the mechanisms by which it contributes to tumor …             Salusin-β induces foam cell formation and monocyte adhesion in human vascular smooth muscle cells via miR155/NOX2/NFκB pathway ▶     Hai-Jian Sun, Ming-Xia Zhao, Tong-Yan Liu et al.     Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are indispensible components in foam cell formation. Salusin-β is a stimulator in the progression of atherosclerosis. Here, we showed that …             Bone marrow-derived cells in the population of spinal microglia after peripheral nerve injury ▶     Ryoichi Tashima, Satsuki Mikuriya, Daisuke Tomiyama et al.     Accumulating evidence indicates that peripheral nerve injury (PNI) activates spinal microglia that are necessary for neuropathic pain. Recent studies using bone marrow (BM) …             TEX101, a glycoprotein essential for sperm fertility, is required for stable expression of Ly6k on testicular germ cells ▶     Shuichiro Endo, Hiroshi Yoshitake, Hiroki Tsukamoto et al.     TEX101, a germ cell-specific glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, is associated with Ly6k during spermatogenesis in testis. Although both Tex101−/− and Ly6k…             Sex-specific neural circuits of emotion regulation in the centromedial amygdala ▶     Yan Wu, Huandong Li, Yuan Zhou et al.     Sex-related differences in emotion regulation (ER) in the frequency power distribution within the human amygdala, a brain region involved in emotion processing, have been …             Leaders should not be conformists in evolutionary social dilemmas ▶     Attila Szolnoki, Matjaž Perc     The most common assumption in evolutionary game theory is that players should adopt a strategy that warrants the highest payoff. However, recent studies indicate that the spatial …             Cloning of chrysanthemum high-affinity nitrate transporter family (CmNRT2) and characterization of CmNRT2.1 ▶     Chunsun Gu, Aiping Song, Xiaoxue Zhang et al.     The family of NITRATE TRANSPORTER 2 (NRT2) proteins belongs to the high affinity transport system (HATS) proteins which acts at low nitrate concentrations. The relevant gene …             Prohibitin-induced, obesity-associated insulin resistance and accompanying low-grade inflammation causes NASH and HCC ▶     Sudharsana R. Ande, K. Hoa Nguyen, B. L. Grégoire Nyomba et al.     Obesity increases the risk for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the disease process remain unclear. …             Crystal structure of the vicilin from Solanum melongena reveals existence of different anionic ligands in structurally similar pockets ▶     Abha Jain, Ashish Kumar, Dinakar M. Salunke     Crystal structure of a vicilin, SM80.1, was determined towards exploring its possible physiological functions. The protein was purified from Solanum melongena by combination of …             Magnetic Sensing through the Abdomen of the Honey bee ▶     Chao-Hung Liang, Cheng-Long Chuang, Joe-Air Jiang et al.     Honey bees have the ability to detect the Earth’s magnetic field, and the suspected magnetoreceptors are the iron granules in the abdomens of the bees. To identify the sensing …             TFIIS.h, a new target of p53, regulates transcription efficiency of pro-apoptotic bax gene ▶     Jun-Ming Liao, Bo Cao, Jun Deng et al.     Tumor suppressor p53 transcriptionally regulates hundreds of genes involved in various cellular functions. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the selection of p53 …             Benefit-cost Trade-offs of Early Learning in Foraging Predatory Mites Amblyseius Swirskii ▶     Inga C. Christiansen, Sandra Szin, Peter Schausberger     Learning is changed behavior following experience, and ubiquitous in animals including plant-inhabiting predatory mites (Phytoseiidae). Learning has many benefits but also incurs …             Impact of structure space continuity on protein fold classification ▶     Jinrui Xu, Jianzhi Zhang     Protein structure classification hierarchically clusters domain structures based on structure and/or sequence similarities and plays important roles in the study of protein …             Electrophysiological evidence of inhibited orthographic regularity effect on the recognition of real Chinese characters ▶     Weiqi He, Cong Fan, Jie Ren et al.     Orthographic regularity is important for processing Chinese characters. However, the issues how orthographic regularity influences the visual recognition of real Chinese …             Human EAG channels are directly modulated by PIP2 as revealed by electrophysiological and optical interference investigations ▶     Bo Han, Kunyan He, Chunlin Cai et al.     Voltage-gated ether à go-go (EAG) K+ channels are expressed in various types of cancer cells and also in the central nervous system. Aberrant overactivation of human EAG1 (hEAG1) …             Transcriptome analyses reveal molecular mechanism underlying tapping panel dryness of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) ▶     Dejun Li, Xuncheng Wang, Zhi Deng et al.     Tapping panel dryness (TPD) is a serious threat to natural rubber yields from rubber trees, but the molecular mechanisms underlying TPD remain poorly understood. To identify …             Banana fruit VQ motif-containing protein5 represses cold-responsive transcription factor MaWRKY26 involved in the regulation of JA biosynthetic genes ▶     Yu-Jie Ye, Yun-Yi Xiao, Yan-Chao Han et al.     Most harvested fruits and vegetables are stored at low temperature but many of them are highly sensitive to chilling injury. Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant hormone associated with …             Changing pattern in the basal ganglia: motor switching under reduced dopaminergic drive ▶     Vincenzo G. Fiore, Francesco Rigoli, Max-Philipp Stenner et al.     Action selection in the basal ganglia is often described within the framework of a standard model, associating low dopaminergic drive with motor suppression. Whilst powerful, …             ATX-LPA1 axis contributes to proliferation of chondrocytes by regulating fibronectin assembly leading to proper cartilage formation ▶     Tatsuji Nishioka, Naoaki Arima, Kuniyuki Kano et al.     The lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signals via six distinct G protein-coupled receptors to mediate both unique and overlapping biological effects, including cell …             Ca2+ monitoring in Plasmodium falciparum using the yellow cameleon-Nano biosensor ▶     Kishor Pandey, Pedro E. Ferreira, Takeshi Ishikawa et al.     Calcium (Ca2+)-mediated signaling is a conserved mechanism in eukaryotes, including the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Due to its small size (<10 μm) measurement …             The outer-membrane export signal of Porphyromonas gingivalis type IX secretion system (T9SS) is a conserved C-terminal β-sandwich domain ▶     Iñaki de Diego, Miroslaw Ksiazek, Danuta Mizgalska et al.     In the recently characterized Type IX Secretion System (T9SS), the conserved C-terminal domain (CTD) in secreted proteins functions as an outer membrane translocation signal for …             Nuquantus: Machine learning software for the characterization and quantification of cell nuclei in complex immunofluorescent tissue images ▶     Polina Gross, Nicolas Honnorat, Erdem Varol et al.     Determination of fundamental mechanisms of disease often hinges on histopathology visualization and quantitative image analysis. Currently, the analysis of multi-channel …             Amyloid formation of growth hormone in presence of zinc: Relevance to its storage in secretory granules ▶     Reeba S. Jacob, Subhadeep Das, Saikat Ghosh et al.     Amyloids are cross-β-sheet fibrillar aggregates, associated with various human diseases and native functions such as protein/peptide hormone storage inside secretory granules of …             Tilt aftereffect following adaptation to translational Glass patterns ▶     Andrea Pavan, Johanna Hocketstaller, Adriano Contillo et al.     Glass patterns (GPs) consist of randomly distributed dot pairs (dipoles) whose orientations are determined by specific geometric transforms. We assessed whether adaptation to …             The chemosensory receptors of codling moth Cydia pomonella–expression in larvae and adults ▶     William B. Walker III, Francisco Gonzalez, Stephen F. Garczynski et al.     Olfaction and gustation play critical roles in the life history of insects, mediating vital behaviors such as food, mate and host seeking. Chemosensory receptor proteins, …             Deceleration and acceleration capacities of heart rate associated with heart failure with high discriminating performance ▶     Wei Hu, Xian Jin, Peng Zhang et al.     Accurate measurements of autonomic nerve regulation in heart failure (HF) were unresolved. The discriminating performance of deceleration and acceleration capacities of heart …             Effects of environmental radiation on testes and spermatogenesis in wild large Japanese field mice (Apodemus speciosus) from Fukushima ▶     Tsukasa Okano, Hiroko Ishiniwa, Manabu Onuma et al.     The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident that occurred after the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 released large quantities of radionuclides to the …             Association of serum fatty acid and estimated desaturase activity with hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population ▶     Bo Yang, Fang Ding, Feng-Lei Wang et al.     We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional associations of serum fatty acid (FA) and related Δ-desaturase with hypertension among 2,447 community-dwellers aged 35–79 years …             The Effect of rhCygb on CCl4-Induced Hepatic Fibrogenesis in Rat ▶     Zhen Li, Wei Wei, Bohong Chen et al.     This study aims to investigate whether the use of recombinant human cytoglobin (rhCygb) impact on hepatic fibrogenesis caused by CCl4. SD (n = 150) rats were randomly divided …             Structural revisions of small molecules reported to cross-link G-quadruplex DNA in vivo reveal a repetitive assignment error in the literature ▶     Paul E. Reyes-Gutiérrez, Tomáš Kapal, Blanka Klepetářová et al.     Two molecules of mistaken identity are addressed. Uncovering these assignment errors led us to formulate more general guidelines about additional misassignments in cases of …             Human sperm rheotaxis: a passive physical process ▶     Zhuoran Zhang, Jun Liu, Jim Meriano et al.     A long-standing question in natural reproduction is how mammalian sperm navigate inside female reproductive tract and finally reach the egg cell, or oocyte. Recently, fluid flow …             Chronic unpredictive mild stress leads to altered hepatic metabolic profile and gene expression ▶     Hong-mei Jia, Qi Li, Chao Zhou et al.     Depression is a complex disease characterized by a series of pathological changes. Research on depression is mainly focused on the changes in brain, but not on liver. Therefore, …             The Periosteal Bone Surface is Less Mechano-Responsive than the Endocortical ▶     Annette I. Birkhold, Hajar Razi, Georg N. Duda et al.     Dynamic processes modify bone micro-structure to adapt to external loading and avoid mechanical failure. Age-related cortical bone loss is thought to occur because of increased …             Modelling of the frictional behaviour of the snake skin covered by anisotropic surface nanostructures ▶     Alexander E. Filippov, Stanislav N. Gorb     Previous experimental data clearly revealed anisotropic friction on the ventral scale surface of snakes. However, it is known that frictional properties of the ventral surface of …             Cornea nerve fiber quantification and construction of phenotypes in patients with fibromyalgia ▶     Linda Oudejans, Xuan He, Marieke Niesters et al.     Cornea confocal microscopy (CCM) is a novel non-invasive method to detect small nerve fiber pathology. CCM generally correlates with outcomes of skin biopsies in patients with …             α-Galactosylceramide protects swine against influenza infection when administered as a vaccine adjuvant ▶     Bianca L. Artiaga, Guan Yang, Timothy J. Hackmann et al.     Natural killer T (NKT) -cells activated with the glycolipid ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) stimulate a wide array of immune responses with many promising …             From morphology to biochemical state – intravital multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging of inflamed human skin ▶     Volker Huck, Christian Gorzelanny, Kai Thomas et al.     The application of multiphoton microscopy in the field of biomedical research and advanced diagnostics promises unique insights into the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin …             Mitochondrial redox and pH signaling occurs in axonal and synaptic organelle clusters ▶     Michael O. Breckwoldt, Antonis A. Armoundas, Miguel A. Aon et al.     Redox switches are important mediators in neoplastic, cardiovascular and neurological disorders. We recently identified spontaneous redox signals in neurons at the single …             Opposing effects of oxidative challenge and carotenoids on antioxidant status and condition-dependent sexual signalling ▶     Oldřich Tomášek, Barbora Gabrielová, Petr Kačer et al.     Several recent hypotheses consider oxidative stress to be a primary constraint ensuring honesty of condition-dependent carotenoid-based signalling. The key testable difference …             Integration of Metabolic Modeling with Gene Co-expression Reveals Transcriptionally Programmed Reactions Explaining Robustness in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Bhanwar Lal Puniya, Deepika Kulshreshtha, Inna Mittal et al.     Robustness of metabolic networks is accomplished by gene regulation, modularity, re-routing of metabolites and plasticity. Here, we probed robustness against perturbations of …             Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by Vitexin: A combinatorial study with azithromycin and gentamicin ▶     Manash C. Das, Padmani Sandhu, Priya Gupta et al.     Microbial biofilm are communities of surface-adhered cells enclosed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Extensive use of antibiotics to treat biofilm associated …             In Vitro Assessment Reveals Parameters-Dependent Modulation on Excitability and Functional Connectivity of Cerebellar Slice by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ▶     Rongyu Tang, Guanghao Zhang, Xiechuan Weng et al.     Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly common technique used to selectively modify neural excitability and plasticity. There is still controversy …             Low Energy Atomic Models Suggesting a Pilus Structure that could Account for Electrical Conductivity of Geobacter sulfurreducens Pili ▶     Ke Xiao, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Chuanjun Shu et al.     The metallic-like electrical conductivity of Geobacter sulfurreducens pili has been documented with multiple lines of experimental evidence, but there is only a rudimentary …             Repositioning Clofazimine as a Macrophage-Targeting Photoacoustic Contrast Agent ▶     Rahul K. Keswani, Chao Tian, Tyler Peryea et al.     Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT) is a deep-tissue imaging modality, with potential clinical applications in the diagnosis of arthritis, cancer and other disease conditions. Here, …             Proteasome activators, PA28γ and PA200, play indispensable roles in male fertility ▶     Lin Huang, Kousuke Haratake, Hatsumi Miyahara et al.     Protein degradation mediated by the proteasome is important for the protein homeostasis. Various proteasome activators, such as PA28 and PA200, regulate the proteasome function. …             Ultra rapid in vivo screening for anti-Alzheimer anti-amyloid drugs ▶     Alba Espargaró, Aina Medina, Ornella Di Pietro et al.     More than 46 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. A large number of potential treatments have been proposed; among these, the inhibition of the aggregation …             DephosSite: a machine learning approach for discovering phosphotase-specific dephosphorylation sites ▶     Xiaofeng Wang, Renxiang Yan, Jiangning Song     Protein dephosphorylation, which is an inverse process of phosphorylation, plays a crucial role in a myriad of cellular processes, including mitotic cycle, proliferation, …             UniBic: Sequential row-based biclustering algorithm for analysis of gene expression data ▶     Zhenjia Wang, Guojun Li, Robert W. Robinson et al.     Biclustering algorithms, which aim to provide an effective and efficient way to analyze gene expression data by finding a group of genes with trend-preserving expression patterns …             Soil warming enhances the hidden shift of elemental stoichiometry by elevated CO2 in wheat ▶     Xiangnan Li, Dong Jiang, Fulai Liu     Increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and associated soil warming along with global climate change are expected to have large impacts on grain mineral nutrition in …             Highly selective fluorescent chemosensor for detection of Fe3+ based on Fe3O4@ZnO ▶     Jingshuai Li, Qi Wang, Zhankui Guo et al.     The combination of fluorescent nanoparticles and specific molecular probes appears to be a promising strategy for developing fluorescent nanoprobes. In this work, L-cysteine …             Investigation of the DNA damage response to SFOM-0046, a new small-molecule drug inducing DNA double-strand breaks ▶     Joris Pauty, Marie-France Côté, Amélie Rodrigue et al.     2-Ethylphenyl 4-(3-ethylureido)benzenesulfonate (SFOM-0046) is a novel anticancer agent that arrests cell cycle in S-phase and causes DNA replication stress leading to the …             Splice form variant and amino acid changes in MDR49 confers DDT resistance in transgenic Drosophila ▶     Keon Mook Seong, Weilin Sun, John M. Clark et al.     The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters represent a superfamily of proteins that have important physiological roles in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In insects, ABC …             Single-cell lineage tracking analysis reveals that an established cell line comprises putative cancer stem cells and their heterogeneous progeny ▶     Sachiko Sato, Ann Rancourt, Yukiko Sato et al.     Mammalian cell culture has been used in many biological studies on the assumption that a cell line comprises putatively homogeneous clonal cells, thereby sharing similar …             BRE plays an essential role in preventing replicative and DNA damage-induced premature senescence ▶     Wenting Shi, Mei Kuen Tang, Yao Yao et al.     The BRE gene, alias BRCC45, produces a 44 kDa protein that is normally distributed in both cytoplasm and nucleus. In this study, we used adult fibroblasts isolated from wild-type …             Generalization of multisensory perceptual learning ▶     Albert R. Powers III, Andrea Hillock-Dunn, Mark T. Wallace     Life in a multisensory world requires the rapid and accurate integration of stimuli across the different senses. In this process, the temporal relationship between stimuli is …             Putting scales into evolutionary time: the divergence of major scale insect lineages (Hemiptera) predates the radiation of modern angiosperm hosts ▶     Isabelle M. Vea, David A. Grimaldi     The radiation of flowering plants in the mid-Cretaceous transformed landscapes and is widely believed to have fuelled the radiations of major groups of phytophagous insects. An …             A novel fluorescent protein from the deep-sea anemone Cribrinopsis japonica (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) ▶     Kenta Tsutsui, Eriko Shimada, Tomohisa Ogawa et al.     A fluorescent protein was identified and cloned from the deep-sea anemone Cribrinopsis japonica. Bioluminescence and fluorescence expression were examined by direct observations …             Precipitation shapes communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tibetan alpine steppe ▶     Jing Zhang, Fang Wang, Rongxiao Che et al.     Tibetan Plateau is one of the largest and most unique habitats for organisms including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond …             Dietary intake of heat-killed Lactococcus lactis H61 delays age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice ▶     Hideaki Oike, Ayako Aoki-Yoshida, Hiromi Kimoto-Nira et al.     Age-related hearing loss (AHL) is a common disorder associated with aging. In this study, we investigated the effect of the intake of heat-killed Lactococcus lactis subsp. …             The effects of long-term stress on neural dynamics of working memory processing: An investigation using ERP ▶     Yiran Yuan, Ada W. S. Leung, Hongxia Duan et al.     This study examined the neural dynamics of working memory (WM) processing under long-term stress. Forty participants who had been exposed to a long period of major exam …             Two phases of aging separated by the Smurf transition as a public path to death ▶     E. Dambroise, L. Monnier, L. Ruisheng et al.     Aging’s most obvious characteristic is the time dependent increase of an individual’s probability to die. This lifelong process is accompanied by a large number of molecular and …             NR2A contributes to genesis and propagation of cortical spreading depression in rats ▶     Fan Bu, Ruoxing Du, Yi Li et al.     Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a transient propagating excitation of synaptic activity followed by depression, which is implicated in migraine. Increasing evidence points …             Integrating computational and chemical biology tools in the discovery of antiangiogenic small molecule ligands of FGF2 derived from endogenous inhibitors ▶     Chiara Foglieni, Katiuscia Pagano, Marco Lessi et al.     The FGFs/FGFRs system is a recognized actionable target for therapeutic approaches aimed at inhibiting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. We …             An Integrated Genomic Strategy Delineates Candidate Mediator Genes Regulating Grain Size and Weight in Rice ▶     Naveen Malik, Nidhi Dwivedi, Ashok K. Singh et al.     The present study deployed a Mediator (MED) genes-mediated integrated genomic strategy for understanding the complex genetic architecture of grain size/weight quantitative trait …             Enrichment of IFN-γ producing cells in different murine adipose tissue depots upon infection with an apicomplexan parasite ▶     Luzia Teixeira, Raquel M. Marques, Pedro Ferreirinha et al.     Here we report that lean mice infected with the intracellular parasite Neospora caninum show a fast but sustained increase in the frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells noticeable in …             Electrochemical fecal pellet sensor for simultaneous real-time ex vivo detection of colonic serotonin signalling and motility ▶     Rachel Morris, Aidan Fagan-Murphy, Sarah J. MacEachern et al.     Various investigations have focused on understanding the relationship between mucosal serotonin (5-HT) and colonic motility, however contradictory studies have questioned the …             Protons Potentiate GluN1/GluN3A Currents by Attenuating Their Desensitisation ▶     Kirstie A. Cummings, Gabriela K. Popescu     N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate- and glycine-gated channels composed of two GluN1 and two GluN2 or/and GluN3 subunits. GluN3A expression is developmentally …             Adaptation-Induced Compression of Event Time Occurs Only for Translational Motion ▶     Michele Fornaciai, Roberto Arrighi, David C. Burr     Adaptation to fast motion reduces the perceived duration of stimuli displayed at the same location as the adapting stimuli. Here we show that the adaptation-induced compression …             Stimulus-dependent synchronization in delayed-coupled neuronal networks ▶     Zahra G. Esfahani, Leonardo L. Gollo, Alireza Valizadeh     Time delay is a general feature of all interactions. Although the effects of delayed interaction are often neglected when the intrinsic dynamics is much slower than the coupling …             PSCA rs2294008 polymorphism contributes to the decreased risk for cervical cancer in a Chinese population ▶     Shizhi Wang, Shenshen Wu, Haixia Zhu et al.     Recently, three genome-wide association studies have identified the PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) rs2294008 polymorphism (C > T) associated with susceptibility to gastric …             Role of metabolic modulator Bet-CA in altering mitochondrial hyperpolarization to suppress cancer associated angiogenesis and metastasis ▶     Suchandrima Saha, Monisankar Ghosh, Samir Kumar Dutta     Solid tumors characteristically reflect a metabolic switching from glucose oxidation to glycolysis that plays a fundamental role in angiogenesis and metastasis to facilitate …             Effect of light and nutrient availability on the release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by Caribbean turf algae ▶     Benjamin Mueller, Joost den Haan, Petra M. Visser et al.     Turf algae increasingly dominate benthic communities on coral reefs. Given their abundance and high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release rates, turf algae are considered …             Functional Connectome before and following Temporal Lobectomy in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ▶     Wei Liao, Gong-Jun Ji, Qiang Xu et al.     As mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) has been recognized as a network disorder, a longitudinal connectome investigation may shed new light on the understanding of the …             SIRT3 Deficiency Induces Endothelial Insulin Resistance and Blunts Endothelial-Dependent Vasorelaxation in Mice and Human with Obesity ▶     Lu Yang, Julei Zhang, Wenjuan Xing et al.     Recent evidence implicates the critical role of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in the development of many metabolic diseases, but the contribution of SIRT3 to vascular homeostasis remains …             Human gut colonisation may be initiated in utero by distinct microbial communities in the placenta and amniotic fluid ▶     Maria Carmen Collado, Samuli Rautava, Juhani Aakko et al.     Interaction with intestinal microbes in infancy has a profound impact on health and disease in later life through programming of immune and metabolic pathways. 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