Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 9 February 2016

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09 February 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Snakes elicit earlier, and monkey faces, later, gamma oscillations in macaque pulvinar neurons ▶     Quan Van Le, Lynne A. Isbell, Jumpei Matsumoto et al.     Gamma oscillations (30–80 Hz) have been suggested to be involved in feedforward visual information processing, and might play an important role in detecting snakes as predators …             Dissolved organic carbon from the upper Rio Negro protects zebrafish (Danio rerio) against ionoregulatory disturbances caused by low pH exposure ▶     Rafael M. Duarte, D. Scott Smith, Adalberto L. Val et al.     The so-called “blackwaters” of the Amazonian Rio Negro are rich in highly coloured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), but ion-poor and very acidic, conditions that would cause fatal …             Light adaptation does not prevent early retinal abnormalities in diabetic rats ▶     Joanna Kur, Michael A. Burian, Eric A. Newman     The aetiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, remains controversial. One hypothesis holds that retinal hypoxia, exacerbated …             Joint estimation over multiple individuals improves behavioural state inference from animal movement data ▶     Ian Jonsen     State-space models provide a powerful way to scale up inference of movement behaviours from individuals to populations when the inference is made across multiple individuals. …             Corrigendum: Multiple loss-of-function variants of taste receptors in modern humans ▶     Kohei Fujikura                 Prostaglandins E2 signal mediated by receptor subtype EP2 promotes IgE production in vivo and contributes to asthma development ▶     Yuhan Gao, Chunyan Zhao, Wei Wang et al.     Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) has been shown to enhance IgE production by B cells in vitro. The physiological and pathological relevance of this phenomenon and the underlying …             Corrigendum: Epigenetic silencing of the XAF1 gene is mediated by the loss of CTCF binding ▶     Georgina Victoria-Acosta, Karla Vazquez-Santillan, Luis Jimenez-Hernandez et al.                 Corrigendum: Profiling RNA editing in human tissues: towards the inosinome Atlas ▶     Ernesto Picardi, Caterina Manzari, Francesca Mastropasqua et al.                 Difference in expression patterns of placental cholesterol transporters, ABCA1 and SR-BI, in Meishan and Yorkshire pigs with different placental efficiency ▶     Linjun Hong, Xiangdong Xu, Ji Huang et al.     Cholesterol is a key cell membrane component and precursor of steroid hormones. The maternal cholesterol is an important exogenous cholesterol source for the developing embryos …             Development and cross-species transferability of EST-SSR markers in Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus L.) using Illumina sequencing ▶     Qiang Zhou, Dong Luo, Lichao Ma et al.     Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus L.) is a perennial, self-fertilizing grass that plays an important role in animal husbandry and environmental sustenance. However, the …             Generation of TALE nickase-mediated gene-targeted cows expressing human serum albumin in mammary glands ▶     Yan Luo, Yongsheng Wang, Jun Liu et al.     Targeting exogenous genes at milk protein loci via gene-targeting technology is an ideal strategy for producing large quantities of pharmaceutical proteins. Transcription- …             EEG frequency tagging to explore the cortical activity related to the tactile exploration of natural textures ▶     Athanasia Moungou, Jean-Louis Thonnard, André Mouraux     When sliding our fingertip against a textured surface, complex vibrations are produced in the skin. It is increasingly recognised that the neural transduction and processing of …             Convergent production and tolerance among 107 woody species and divergent production between shrubs and trees ▶     Wei-Ming He, Zhen-Kai Sun     Green leaves face two fundamental challenges (i.e., carbon fixation and stress tolerance) during their lifespan. However, the relationships between leaf production potential and …             Multi-tissue transcriptomics for construction of a comprehensive gene resource for the terrestrial snail Theba pisana ▶     M. Zhao, T. Wang, K. J. Adamson et al.     The land snail Theba pisana is native to the Mediterranean region but has become one of the most abundant invasive species worldwide. Here, we present three transcriptomes of …             Intestinal Microbiota Distinguish Gout Patients from Healthy Humans ▶     Zhuang Guo, Jiachao Zhang, Zhanli Wang et al.     Current blood-based approach for gout diagnosis can be of low sensitivity and hysteretic. Here via a 68-member cohort of 33 healthy and 35 diseased individuals, we reported that …             Bioluminescent imaging of ABCG2 efflux activity at the blood-placenta barrier ▶     Jeyan S. Kumar, Bih-Rong Wei, James P. Madigan et al.     Physiologic barriers such as the blood placenta barrier (BPB) and the blood brain barrier protect the underlying parenchyma from pathogens and toxins. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) …             Noise Reduction in Complex Biological Switches ▶     Luca Cardelli, Attila Csikász-Nagy, Neil Dalchau et al.     Cells operate in noisy molecular environments via complex regulatory networks. It is possible to understand how molecular counts are related to noise in specific networks, but it …             Reactive oxygen species generated from skeletal muscles are required for gecko tail regeneration ▶     Qing Zhang, Yingjie Wang, Lili Man et al.     Reactive oxygen species (ROS) participate in various physiological and pathological functions following generation from different types of cells. Here we explore ROS functions on …             Citrus bergamia Juice Extract Attenuates β-Amyloid-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Activation of THP-1 Cells Through MAPK and AP-1 Pathways ▶     Monica Currò, Roberto Risitano, Nadia Ferlazzo et al.     Flavonoids have been shown to be effective in protecting against age-related cognitive and motor decline in both in vitro and in vivo models. Recently, a flavonoid-rich extract …             Changes in heterosubtypic antibody responses during the first year of the 2009 A(H1N1) influenza pandemic ▶     Gudrun S. Freidl, Henk-Jan van den Ham, Maciej F. Boni et al.     Seropositivity to avian influenza (AI) via low-level antibody titers has been reported in the general population and poultry-exposed individuals, raising the question whether …             The exploration of network motifs as potential drug targets from post-translational regulatory networks ▶     Xiao-Dong Zhang, Jiangning Song, Peer Bork et al.     Phosphorylation and proteolysis are among the most common post-translational modifications (PTMs), and play critical roles in various biological processes. More recent …             PrimerMapper: high throughput primer design and graphical assembly for PCR and SNP detection ▶     Damien M. O’Halloran     Primer design represents a widely employed gambit in diverse molecular applications including PCR, sequencing, and probe hybridization. Variations of PCR, including primer …             A physical mechanism of cancer heterogeneity ▶     Cong Chen, Jin Wang     We studied a core cancer gene regulatory network motif to uncover possible source of cancer heterogeneity from epigenetic sources. When the time scale of the protein regulation …             Dopamine disruption increases negotiation for cooperative interactions in a fish ▶     João P. M. Messias, José R. Paula, Alexandra S. Grutter et al.     Humans and other animals use previous experiences to make behavioural decisions, balancing the probabilities of receiving rewards or punishments with alternative actions. The …             Termites utilise clay to build structural supports and so increase foraging resources ▶     Sebastian Oberst, Joseph C. S. Lai, Theodore A. Evans     Many termite species use clay to build foraging galleries and mound-nests. In some cases clay is placed within excavations of their wooden food, such as living trees or timber in …             Comparative analyses of fungicide sensitivity and SSR marker variations indicate a low risk of developing azoxystrobin resistance in Phytophthora infestans ▶     Chun-Fang Qin, Meng-Han He, Feng-Ping Chen et al.     Knowledge of the evolution of fungicide resistance is important in securing sustainable disease management in agricultural systems. In this study, we analyzed and compared the …             Extracellular matrix stiffness dictates Wnt expression through integrin pathway ▶     Jing Du, Yan Zu, Jing Li et al.     It is well established that extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness plays a significant role in regulating the phenotypes and behaviors of many cell types. However, the mechanism …             H19 activates Wnt signaling and promotes osteoblast differentiation by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA ▶     Wei-Cheng Liang, Wei-Ming Fu, Yu-Bing Wang et al.     Bone homeostasis is tightly orchestrated and maintained by the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Recent studies have greatly expanded our understanding of the …             Transcription Factor RFX2 Is a Key Regulator of Mouse Spermiogenesis ▶     Yujian Wu, Xiangjing Hu, Zhen Li et al.     The regulatory factor X (RFX) family of transcription factors is crucial for ciliogenesis throughout evolution. In mice, Rfx1-4 are highly expressed in the testis where …             A Simple low-cost device enables four epi-illumination techniques on standard light microscopes ▶     Robert R. Ishmukhametov, Aidan N. Russell, Richard J. Wheeler et al.     Back-scattering darkfield (BSDF), epi-fluorescence (EF), interference reflection contrast (IRC), and darkfield surface reflection (DFSR) are advanced but expensive light …             Immunization with a 22-kDa outer membrane protein elicits protective immunity to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Weiwei Huang, Yufeng Yao, Shijie Wang et al.     A. baumannii infections are becoming more and more serious health issues with rapid emerging of multidrug and extremely drug resistant strains, and therefore, there is an urgent …             Microfluidic high-throughput selection of microalgal strains with superior photosynthetic productivity using competitive phototaxis ▶     Jaoon Young Hwan Kim, Ho Seok Kwak, Young Joon Sung et al.     Microalgae possess great potential as a source of sustainable energy, but the intrinsic inefficiency of photosynthesis is a major challenge to realize this potential. …             Feature co-localization landscape of the human genome ▶     Siu-Kin Ng, Taobo Hu, Xi Long et al.     Although feature co-localizations could serve as useful guide-posts to genome architecture, a comprehensive and quantitative feature co-localization map of the human genome has …             An Engineered Rare Codon Device for Optimization of Metabolic Pathways ▶     You Wang, Chunying Li, Md. Rezaul Islam Khan et al.     Rare codons generally arrest translation due to rarity of their cognate tRNAs. This property of rare codons can be utilized to regulate protein expression. In this study, a …             Tuned by metals: the TET peptidase activity is controlled by 3 metal binding sites ▶     Matteo Colombo, Eric Girard, Bruno Franzetti     TET aminopeptidases are dodecameric particles shared in the three life domains involved in various biological processes, from carbon source provider in archaea to eye-pressure …             Longitudinal Prediction of the Infant Gut Microbiome with Dynamic Bayesian Networks ▶     Michael J. McGeachie, Joanne E. Sordillo, Travis Gibson et al.     Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene allows comprehensive assessment of bacterial community composition from human body sites. Previously published and publicly accessible data on 58 …             An integrative approach for analyzing hundreds of neurons in task performing mice using wide-field calcium imaging ▶     Ali I. Mohammed, Howard J. Gritton, Hua-an Tseng et al.     Advances in neurotechnology have been integral to the investigation of neural circuit function in systems neuroscience. Recent improvements in high performance fluorescent …             Serological Evaluation of Immunity to the Varicella-Zoster Virus Based on a Novel Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ▶     Jian Liu, Xiangzhong Ye, Jizong Jia et al.     Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a highly contagious agent of varicella and herpes zoster. Varicella can be lethal to immunocompromised patients, babies, HIV patients and other …             Human milk miRNAs primarily originate from the mammary gland resulting in unique miRNA profiles of fractionated milk ▶     Mohammed Alsaweed, Ching Tat Lai, Peter E. Hartmann et al.     Human milk (HM) contains regulatory biomolecules including miRNAs, the origin and functional significance of which are still undetermined. We used TaqMan OpenArrays to profile …             Cross-talk between freezing response and signaling for regulatory transcriptions of MIR475b and its targets by miR475b promoter in Populus suaveolens ▶     Jun Niu, Jia Wang, Huiwen Hu et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of their target genes, yet the transcriptional regulation of plant …             Colonic Fermentation Promotes Decompression sickness in Rats ▶     Sébastien de Maistre, Nicolas Vallée, Emmanuel Gempp et al.     Massive bubble formation after diving can lead to decompression sickness (DCS). During dives with hydrogen as a diluent for oxygen, decreasing the body’s H2 burden by inoculating …             Production of Human papillomavirus pseudovirions in plants and their use in pseudovirion-based neutralisation assays in mammalian cells ▶     Renate L Lamprecht, Paul Kennedy, Suzanne M Huddy et al.     Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause cervical cancer and have recently also been implicated in mouth, laryngeal and anogenital cancers. There are three commercially available …             Salinity altered root distribution and increased diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of Jerusalem artichoke ▶     Hui Yang, Jinxiang Hu, Xiaohua Long et al.     The interaction between roots and bacterial communities in halophytic species is poorly understood. Here, we used Jerusalem artichoke cultivar Nanyu 1 (NY-1) to characterise root …             Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activates NDRG1 Transcription under Hypoxia in Breast Cancer Cells ▶     En-Yu Li, Wei-Yung Huang, Ya-Chu Chang et al.     Hypoxia has been intensively investigated over the past several decades based on the observations that hypoxic tumors are more resistant to therapy and have a worse prognosis. …             Validation of a risk prediction score for proximal neoplasia in colorectal cancer screening: a prospective colonoscopy study ▶     Martin C.S. Wong, Jessica Y.L. Ching, Victor C.W. Chan et al.     This study developed a clinical scoring system to predict the risks of PN among screening participants for colorectal cancer. We recruited 5,789 Chinese asymptomatic screening …             Co-delivery of VEGF and bFGF via a PLGA nanoparticle-modified BAM for effective contracture inhibition of regenerated bladder tissue in rabbits ▶     Xincheng Jiang, Houwei Lin, Dapeng Jiang et al.     Graft contracture is a common problem associated with the regeneration processes of tissue-engineered bladders. Currently, most strategies used for incorporating bioactive …             The relationship between the preoperative plasma level of HIF-1α and clinic pathological features, prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Jiabei He, Ying Hu, Mingming Hu et al.     Studies have found that hypoxia is the most common feature in all of solid tumor progression, thus it has become a central issue in tumor physiology and cancer treatment. …             Theranostic Nanoseeds for Efficacious Internal Radiation Therapy of Unresectable Solid Tumors ▶     Sina Moeendarbari, Rakesh Tekade, Aditi Mulgaonkar et al.     Malignant tumors are considered “unresectable” if they are adhere to vital structures or the surgery would cause irreversible damages to the patients. Though a variety of …             Colorectal cancer characterization and therapeutic target prediction based on microRNA expression profile ▶     Peng Xu, Yanliang Zhu, Bo Sun et al.     Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a major cause of cancer death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC initiation, growth and …             The novel adipokine progranulin counteracts IL-1 and TLR4-driven inflammatory response in human and murine chondrocytes via TNFR1 ▶     Vanessa Abella, Morena Scotece, Javier Conde et al.     Progranulin (PGRN) is a recently identified adipokine that is supposed to have anti-inflammatory actions. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL1β) stimulates several …             The effect of helminth infection on the microbial composition and structure of the caprine abomasal microbiome ▶     Robert W. Li, Weizhong Li, Jiajie Sun et al.     Haemonchus contortus is arguably the most injurious helminth parasite for small ruminants. We characterized the impact of H. contortus infection on the caprine abomasal …             Scarce evidence of the causal role of germline mutations in UNC5C in hereditary colorectal cancer and polyposis ▶     Pilar Mur, Sánchez-Cuartielles Elena, Susanna Aussó et al.     Germline mutations in UNC5C have been suggested to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, thus causing hereditary CRC. However, the evidence gathered thus far is insufficient to …             Role of autophagy in cadmium-induced apoptosis of primary rat osteoblasts ▶     Wei Liu, Nannan Dai, Yi Wang et al.     Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant that can damage many organs and the fetus. We previously reported that Cd induced apoptosis in primary rat osteoblasts (OBs). OB …             First passage time distribution in heterogeneity controlled kinetics: going beyond the mean first passage time ▶     Aljaž Godec, Ralf Metzler     The first passage is a generic concept for quantifying when a random quantity such as the position of a diffusing molecule or the value of a stock crosses a preset threshold …             Brain zinc chelation by diethyldithiocarbamate increased the behavioral and mitochondrial damages in zebrafish subjected to hypoxia ▶     Marcos M. Braga, Emerson S. Silva, Tarsila B. Moraes et al.     The increase in brain levels of chelatable zinc (Zn) in dysfunctions involving oxygen deprivation has stimulated the treatment with Zn chelators, such as diethyldithiocarbamate …             Emotional states as mediators between tinnitus loudness and tinnitus distress in daily life: Results from the “TrackYourTinnitus” application ▶     Thomas Probst, Rüdiger Pryss, Berthold Langguth et al.     The psychological process how tinnitus loudness leads to tinnitus distress remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated the mediating role of the emotional state …             Heart Rate Variability Change Before and After Hemodialysis is Associated with Overall and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis ▶     Szu-Chia Chen, Jiun-Chi Huang, Yi-Chun Tsai et al.     Low heart rate variability (HRV) has been recognized to correlate with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. It has been reported that HRV might be …             Novel Osteogenic Ti-6Al-4V Device For Restoration Of Dental Function In Patients With Large Bone Deficiencies: Design, Development And Implementation ▶     D. J. Cohen, A. Cheng, A. Kahn et al.     Custom devices supporting bone regeneration and implant placement are needed for edentulous patients with large mandibular deficiencies where endosteal implantation is not …             An accelerated miRNA-based screen implicates Atf-3 in Drosophila odorant receptor expression ▶     Shreelatha Bhat, Walton D. Jones     The Drosophila olfactory system is highly stereotyped in form and function; olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) expressing a specific odorant receptor (OR) always appear in the same …             Erratum: The pan-class I phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase inhibitor NVP-BKM120 demonstrates anti-leukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia ▶     Matteo Allegretti, Maria Rosaria Ricciardi, Roberto Licchetta et al.                 Structural basis for two-step glucose trimming by glucosidase II involved in ER glycoprotein quality control ▶     Tadashi Satoh, Takayasu Toshimori, Gengwei Yan et al.     The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a sophisticated protein quality control system for the efficient folding of newly synthesized proteins. In this system, a variety of N-linked …             Novel water filtration of saline water in the outermost layer of mangrove roots ▶     Kiwoong Kim, Eunseok Seo, Suk-Kyu Chang et al.     The scarcity of fresh water is a global challenge faced at present. Several desalination methods have been suggested to secure fresh water from sea water. However, conventional …             Negative regulation of initial steps in skeletal myogenesis by mTOR and other kinases ▶     Raphael A. Wilson, Jing Liu, Lin Xu et al.     The transition from a committed progenitor cell to one that is actively differentiating represents a process that is fundamentally important in skeletal myogenesis. Although the …             Lysing bloom-causing alga Phaeocystis globosa with microbial algicide: An efficient process that decreases the toxicity of algal exudates ▶     Guanjing Cai, Xujun Yang, Qiliang Lai et al.     Algicidal microbes could effectively remove the harmful algae from the waters. In this study, we were concerned with the ecological influence of an algicide extracted from …             Activated mast cells promote differentiation of B cells into effector cells ▶     Anna-Karin E. Palm, Gianni Garcia-Faroldi, Marcus Lundberg et al.     Based on the known accumulation of mast cells (MCs) in B cell-dependent inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, we hypothesized that MCs directly modulate B cells. …             Tunable ultrasensitivity: functional decoupling and biological insights ▶     Guanyu Wang, Mengshi Zhang     Sensitivity has become a basic concept in biology, but much less is known about its tuning, probably because allosteric cooperativity, the best known mechanism of sensitivity, is …             Tuning of the Na,K-ATPase by the beta subunit ▶     Florian Hilbers, Wojciech Kopec, Toke Jost Isaksen et al.     The vital gradients of Na+ and K+ across the plasma membrane of animal cells are maintained by the Na,K-ATPase, an αβ enzyme complex, whose α subunit carries out the ion …             Comparative transcriptomic profiling of hydrogen peroxide signaling networks in zebrafish and human keratinocytes: Implications toward conservation, migration and wound healing ▶     Thomas S. Lisse, Benjamin L. King, Sandra Rieger     Skin wounds need to be repaired rapidly after injury to restore proper skin barrier function. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a conserved signaling factor that has been shown to …             Maternal transcription of non-protein coding RNAs from the PWS-critical region rescues growth retardation in mice ▶     Timofey S. Rozhdestvensky, Thomas Robeck, Chenna R. Galiveti et al.     Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by loss of paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15q11-q13. The PWS-critical region (PWScr) contains an array of …             How does the foraging behavior of large herbivores cause different associational plant defenses? ▶     Yue Huang, Ling Wang, Deli Wang et al.     The attractant-decoy hypothesis predicts that focal plants can defend against herbivory by neighboring with preferred plant species when herbivores make decisions at the plant …             Erratum: SIMcheck: a Toolbox for Successful Super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy ▶     Graeme Ball, Justin Demmerle, Rainer Kaufmann et al.                 Nutrient allocation strategies of woody plants: an approach from the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus between twig stems and leaves ▶     Zhengbing Yan, Peng Li, Yahan Chen et al.     Allocation of limited nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), among plant organs reflects the influences of evolutionary and ecological processes on functional traits …             Co-expression of Dorsal and Rel2 Negatively Regulates Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in the Tobacco Hornworm Manduca sexta ▶     Xue Zhong, Xiang-Jun Rao, Hui-Yu Yi et al.     Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) plays an essential role in regulation of innate immunity. In mammals, NF-κB factors can form homodimers and heterodimers to activate gene expression. In …             Ultrasensitive Detection of Bacteria by Targeting Abundant Transcripts ▶     Xinhui Wang, Xinran Li, Shiwei Liu et al.     Molecular detection assays are increasingly becoming routine diagnostic techniques for bacterial infection; however, their sensitivities are restricted by the low concentrations …             Novel Method for Neuronal Nanosurgical Connection ▶     Nir Katchinskiy, Helly R. Goez, Indrani Dutta et al.     Neuronal injury may cause an irreversible damage to cellular, organ and organism function. While preventing neural injury is ideal, it is not always possible. There are multiple …             Chloroplast Phylogenomic Inference of Green Algae Relationships ▶     Linhua Sun, Ling Fang, Zhenhua Zhang et al.     The green algal phylum Chlorophyta has six diverse classes, but the phylogenetic relationship of the classes within Chlorophyta remains uncertain. In order to better understand …             Two different mechanisms for the detection of stimulus omission ▶     Shogo Ohmae, Masaki Tanaka     Although we can detect slight changes in musical rhythm, the underlying neural mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that two distinct mechanisms are automatically selected …             Androgen-related sperm storage in oviduct of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle in vivo during annual cycle ▶     Tengfei Liu, Xiaoya Chu, Yufei Huang et al.     Long-term sperm storage in the female genital tract is essential for the appropriate timing of reproductive events in animals with asynchronous copulation and ovulation. However, …             Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vaccine Provides Multispecies Protection against Rift Valley Fever ▶     George M. Warimwe, Joseph Gesharisha, B. Veronica Carr et al.     Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) causes recurrent outbreaks of acute life-threatening human and livestock illness in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. No licensed vaccines are …             KCTD12 Regulates Colorectal Cancer Cell Stemness through the ERK Pathway ▶     Liping Li, Tingmei Duan, Xin Wang et al.     Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a difficult problem, as the regulation of CSCs in CRC is poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that …             BKM-120 (Buparlisib): A Phosphatidyl-Inositol-3 Kinase Inhibitor with Anti-Invasive Properties in Glioblastoma ▶     Maria-Carmela Speranza, Michal O. Nowicki, Prajna Behera et al.     Glioblastoma is an aggressive, invasive tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). There is a widely acknowledged need for anti-invasive therapeutics to limit glioblastoma …             SOX2 suppresses CDKN1A to sustain growth of lung squamous cell carcinoma ▶     Takuya Fukazawa, Minzhe Guo, Naomasa Ishida et al.     Since the SOX2 amplification was identified in lung squamous cell carcinoma (lung SCC), SOX2 transcriptional downstream targets have been actively investigated; however, such …             Miltirone exhibits antileukemic activity by ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways ▶     Ling Zhou, Lifeng Jiang, Maolei Xu et al.     In this study, we investigated the effects of miltirone in human leukemia cell lines, primary leukemia cells, and nude mice U937 xenograft. Treatment of cells with miltirone …             miR-203 inhibits proliferation and self-renewal of leukemia stem cells by targeting survivin and Bmi-1 ▶     Yi Zhang, Shu-yan Zhou, Hai-zhao Yan et al.     Drug resistance is one of the leading causes of failed cancer therapy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Although the mechanisms of resistance are poorly understood, …             Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells Use Secreted Heat Shock Protein-90alpha (Hsp90α) to Survive a Hostile Hypoxic Environment ▶     Hangming Dong, Mengchen Zou, Ayesha Bhatia et al.     Rapidly growing tumours in vivo often outgrow their surrounding available blood supply, subjecting themselves to a severely hypoxic microenvironment. Understanding how tumour …             Amino acid changes in PB2 and HA affect the growth of a recombinant influenza virus expressing a fluorescent reporter protein ▶     Hiroaki Katsura, Satoshi Fukuyama, Shinji Watanabe et al.     Influenza viruses that express reporter proteins are useful tools, but are often attenuated. Recently, we found that an influenza virus encoding the Venus fluorescent protein …             The Spermatophore in Glossina morsitans morsitans: Insights into Male Contributions to Reproduction ▶     Francesca Scolari, Joshua B. Benoit, Veronika Michalkova et al.     Male Seminal Fluid Proteins (SFPs) transferred during copulation modulate female reproductive physiology and behavior, impacting sperm storage/use, ovulation, oviposition, and …             Identification of (2S,3S)-β-Methyltryptophan as the Real Biosynthetic Intermediate of Antitumor Agent Streptonigrin ▶     Dekun Kong, Yi Zou, Zhang Zhang et al.     Streptonigrin is a potent antitumor antibiotic, active against a wide range of mammalian tumor cells. It was reported that its biosynthesis relies on (2S,3R)-β-methyltryptophan …             Load-dependent modulation of non-muscle myosin-2A function by tropomyosin 4.2 ▶     Nikolas Hundt, Walter Steffen, Salma Pathan-Chhatbar et al.     Tropomyosin isoforms play an important role in the organisation of cytoplasmic actomyosin complexes in regard to function and cellular localisation. In particular, Tpm4.2 is …             Use of metabolomics for the chemotaxonomy of legume-associated Ascochyta and allied genera ▶     Wonyong Kim, Tobin L. Peever, Jeong-Jin Park et al.     Chemotaxonomy and the comparative analysis of metabolic features of fungi have the potential to provide valuable information relating to ecology and evolution, but have not been …             Impairing autophagy in retinal pigment epithelium leads to inflammasome activation and enhanced macrophage-mediated angiogenesis ▶     Jian Liu, David A. Copland, Sofia Theodoropoulou et al.     Age-related decreases in autophagy contribute to the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have now studied the interaction between autophagy impaired in …             Altered gp130 signalling ameliorates experimental colitis via myeloid cell-specific STAT3 activation and myeloid-derived suppressor cells ▶     Jan Däbritz, Louise M. Judd, Heather V. Chalinor et al.     STAT3 regulates the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) during inflammation, infection and cancer. Hyperactivation of STAT3 in gp130757F/F mice is associated …             Reassessing ecdysteroidogenic cells from the cell membrane receptors’ perspective ▶     Alexandros Alexandratos, Panagiotis Moulos, Ioannis Nellas et al.     Ecdysteroids secreted by the prothoracic gland (PG) cells of insects control the developmental timing of their immature life stages. These cells have been historically considered …             Characterization of the aodA, dnmA, mnSOD and pimA genes in Aspergillus nidulans ▶     Éva Leiter, Hee-Soo Park, Nak-Jung Kwon et al.     Mitochondria play key roles in cellular energy generation and lifespan of most eukaryotes. To understand the functions of four nuclear-encoded genes predicted to be related to …             A genome-wide association study of fetal response to type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge ▶     Tianfu Yang, James Wilkinson, Zhiquan Wang et al.     Control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is economically important for the swine industry worldwide. As current PRRS vaccines do not completely protect …             Nanoquinacrine induced apoptosis in cervical cancer stem cells through the inhibition of hedgehog-GLI1 cascade: Role of GLI-1 ▶     Anmada Nayak, Shakti Ranjan Satapathy, Dipon Das et al.     To improve the pharmacokinetics and to study the anti-cervical cancer and anti-stem cells (CSCs) mechanism of Quinacrine (QC), a spherical nano particle of QC (i.e. NQC) was …             Individual Differences in Rhythmic Cortical Entrainment Correlate with Predictive Behavior in Sensorimotor Synchronization ▶     Sylvie Nozaradan, Isabelle Peretz, Peter E. Keller     The current study aims at characterizing the mechanisms that allow humans to entrain the mind and body to incoming rhythmic sensory inputs in real time. We addressed this …             Tetherin/BST-2 promotes dendritic cell activation and function during acute retrovirus infection ▶     Sam X. Li, Bradley S. Barrett, Kejun Guo et al.     Tetherin/BST-2 is a host restriction factor that inhibits retrovirus release from infected cells in vitro by tethering nascent virions to the plasma membrane. However, …             Visualising inter-subject variability in fMRI using threshold-weighted overlap maps ▶     Mohamed L. Seghier, Cathy J. Price     Functional neuroimaging studies are revealing the neural systems sustaining many sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. A proper understanding of these systems requires an …             Invasive floating macrophytes reduce greenhouse gas emissions from a small tropical lake ▶     K. Attermeyer, S. Flury, R. Jayakumar et al.     Floating macrophytes, including water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), are dominant invasive organisms in tropical aquatic systems, and they may play an important role in …             Establishment of feeder-free culture system for human induced pluripotent stem cell on DAS nanocrystalline graphene ▶     Hyunah Lee, Donggyu Nam, Jae-Kyung Choi et al.     The maintenance of undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) under xeno-free condition requires the use of human feeder cells or extracellular matrix (ECM) coating. …             Intracerebral hemorrhage and deep microbleeds associated with cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans; a hospital cohort study ▶     Shuichi Tonomura, Masafumi Ihara, Tomohiro Kawano et al.     Oral infectious diseases are epidemiologically associated with stroke. We previously showed that oral Streptococcus mutans with the cnm gene encoding a collagen-binding Cnm …             Antibody acquisition models: A new tool for serological surveillance of malaria transmission intensity ▶     Victor Yman, Michael T. White, Josea Rono et al.     Serology has become an increasingly important tool for the surveillance of a wide range of infectious diseases. It has been particularly useful to monitor malaria transmission in …             Evidence for Rhythmicity Pacemaker in the Calcification Process of Scleractinian Coral ▶     Eldad Gutner-Hoch, Kenneth Schneider, Jaroslaw Stolarski et al.     Reef-building scleractinian (stony) corals are among the most efficient bio-mineralizing organisms in nature. The calcification rate of scleractinian corals oscillates under …             Mortality prediction in patients with severe septic shock: a pilot study using a target metabolomics approach ▶     Manuela Ferrario, Alice Cambiaghi, Laura Brunelli et al.     Septic shock remains a major problem in Intensive Care Unit, with high lethality and high-risk second lines treatments. In this preliminary retrospective investigation we …             Electric stimulation of the ears ameliorated learning and memory impairment in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury ▶     Ching-Tung Kuo, Yi-Wen Lin, Nou-Ying Tang et al.     Ear acupuncture enhances the secretion of acetylcholine, which has anti-inflammatory effects. Here we want to investigate the effect of electric stimulation (ES) of the ears on …             Norcantharidin Suppresses Colon Cancer Cell Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting the αvβ6-ERK-Ets1 Signaling Pathway ▶     Cheng Peng, Zequn Li, Zhengchuan Niu et al.     Norcantharidin (NCTD) is an efficacious anti-cancer drug that has been used in China for many years, but its underlying mechanism of action is still not fully understood. In the …             Identification of a de novo DYNC1H1 mutation via WES according to published guidelines ▶     Dongxue Ding, Zhao Chen, Kai Li et al.     De novo mutations that contribute to rare Mendelian diseases, including neurological disorders, have been recently identified. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has become a powerful …             Viral-mediated fusion of mesenchymal stem cells with cells of the infarcted heart hinders healing via decreased vascularization and immune modulation ▶     Brian T. Freeman, Brenda M. Ogle     Cell fusion can occur between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplanted to improve cardiac function and cells of the recipient. The therapeutic benefit or detriment of resultant …             Multimodality hard-x-ray imaging of a chromosome with nanoscale spatial resolution ▶     Hanfei Yan, Evgeny Nazaretski, Kenneth Lauer et al.     We developed a scanning hard x-ray microscope using a new class of x-ray nano-focusing optic called a multilayer Laue lens and imaged a chromosome with nanoscale spatial …             Silver nanoparticles disrupt germline stem cell maintenance in the Drosophila testis ▶     Cynthia Ong, Qian Ying Lee, Yu Cai et al.     Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), one of the most popular nanomaterials, are commonly used in consumer products and biomedical devices, despite their potential toxicity. Recently, …             Inhibition of airway surface fluid absorption by cholinergic stimulation ▶     Nam Soo Joo, Mauri E. Krouse, Jae Young Choi et al.     In upper airways airway surface liquid (ASL) depth and clearance rates are both increased by fluid secretion. Secretion is opposed by fluid absorption, mainly via the epithelial …             Exploration of multiple Sortase A protein conformations in virtual screening ▶     Chunxia Gao, Ivana Uzelac, Johan Gottfries et al.     Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major health concern which has brought about an urgent need for new therapeutic agents. As the S. aureus Sortase A …             Role of the Retinoblastoma protein, Rb, during adult neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb ▶     Rayan Naser, Renaud Vandenbosch, Saad Omais et al.     Adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are relatively quiescent populations that give rise to distinct neuronal subtypes throughout life, yet, at a very low rate and restricted …             Polyhydramnios in Lrp4 knockout mice with bilateral kidney agenesis: Defects in the pathways of amniotic fluid clearance ▶     Hiroshi Tanahashi, Qing-Bao Tian, Yoshinobu Hara et al.     Amniotic fluid volume during mid-to-late gestation depends mainly on the urine excretion from the foetal kidneys and partly on the fluid secretion from the foetal lungs during …             Stem cell-derived tissue-associated regulatory T cells ameliorate the development of autoimmunity ▶     Mohammad Haque, Jianyong Song, Kristin Fino et al.     Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to produce almost all of the cells in the body, including regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the exact conditions required for …             Targeting arginase-II protects mice from high-fat-diet-induced hepatic steatosis through suppression of macrophage inflammation ▶     Chang Liu, Angana G. Rajapakse, Erwin Riedo et al.     Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associates with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Hypoactive AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), hyperactive mammalian target of rapamycin …             A microbial transformation using Bacillus subtilis B7-S to produce natural vanillin from ferulic acid ▶     Peng Chen, Lei Yan, Zhengrong Wu et al.     Bacillus subtilis strain B7-S screened from18 strains is an aerobic, endospore-forming, model organism of Gram-positive bacteria which is capable to form vanillin during ferulic …             A Dual Target-directed Agent against Interleukin-6 Receptor and Tumor Necrosis Factor α ameliorates experimental arthritis ▶     Youngkyun Kim, Hyoju Yi, Hyerin Jung et al.     A considerable proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) do not respond to monospecific agents. The purpose of our study was to generate a hybrid form of biologics, …             Dual-functionalized liposomal delivery system for solid tumors based on RGD and a pH-responsive antimicrobial peptide ▶     Qianyu Zhang, Libao Lu, Li Zhang et al.     [D]-H6L9, as a pH-responsive anti-microbial peptide (AMP), has been evidenced by us to be an excellent choice in tumor microenvironment-responsive delivery as it could render …             Human oral isolate Lactobacillus fermentum AGR1487 induces a pro-inflammatory response in germ-free rat colons ▶     Rachel C. Anderson, Dulantha Ulluwishewa, Wayne Young et al.     Lactobacilli are thought to be beneficial for human health, with lactobacilli-associated infections being confined to immune-compromised individuals. However, Lactobacillus …             Corrigendum: Organ-wide 3D-imaging and topological analysis of the continuous microvascular network in a murine lymph node ▶     Inken D. Kelch, Gib Bogle, Gregory B. Sands et al.                 Mechanistic insights into the recognition of 5-methylcytosine oxidation derivatives by the SUVH5 SRA domain ▶     Eerappa Rajakumara, Naveen Kumar Nakarakanti, M. Angel Nivya et al.     5-Methylcytosine (5 mC) is associated with epigenetic gene silencing in mammals and plants. 5 mC is consecutively oxidized to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC), 5-formylcytosine …             Analysis of genetic admixture in Uyghur using the 26 Y-STR loci system ▶     Yingnan Bian, Suhua Zhang, Wei Zhou et al.     The Uyghur population has experienced extensive interaction with European and Eastern Asian populations historically. A set of high-resolution genetic markers could be useful to …             Corrigendum: The effects of inhibitory control training for preschoolers on reasoning ability and neural activity ▶     Qian Liu, Xinyi Zhu, Albert Ziegler et al.                 Visualizing tropoelastin in a long-term human elastic fibre cell culture model ▶     M. Halm, K. Schenke-Layland, S. Jaspers et al.     Elastin is an essential protein found in a variety of tissues where resilience and flexibility are needed, such as the skin and the heart. When aiming to engineer suitable …             Cross Reactive Material 197 glycoconjugate vaccines contain privileged conjugation sites ▶     Uwe Möginger, Anja Resemann, Christopher E. Martin et al.     Production of glycoconjugate vaccines involves the chemical conjugation of glycans to an immunogenic carrier protein such as Cross-Reactive-Material-197 (CRM197). Instead of …             Reciprocal regulation of autism-related genes MeCP2 and PTEN via microRNAs ▶     Jing-Wen Lyu, Bo Yuan, Tian-Lin Cheng et al.     MeCP2 encodes a methyl-CpG-binding protein that plays a critical role in repressing gene expression, mutations of which lead to Rett syndrome and autism. PTEN is a critical tumor …             Noise induced hearing loss impairs spatial learning/memory and hippocampal neurogenesis in mice ▶     Lijie Liu, Pei Shen, Tingting He et al.     Hearing loss has been associated with cognitive decline in the elderly and is considered to be an independent risk factor for dementia. One of the most common causes for acquired …             Trait self-esteem and neural activities related to self-evaluation and social feedback ▶     Juan Yang, Xiaofan Xu, Yu Chen et al.     Self-esteem has been associated with neural responses to self-reflection and attitude toward social feedback but in different brain regions. The distinct associations might arise …             Depletion of the LINC complex disrupts cytoskeleton dynamics and meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes ▶     Yibo Luo, In-Won Lee, Yu-Jin Jo et al.     The SUN (Sad-1/UNC-84) and KASH (Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne/homology) proteins constitute the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex on the nuclear envelope. To date, …             Graphene-Iodine Nanocomposites: Highly Potent Bacterial Inhibitors that are Bio-compatible with Human Cells ▶     Surajit Some, Ji Soo Sohn, Junmoo Kim et al.     Graphene-composites, capable of inhibiting bacterial growth which is also bio-compatible with human cells have been highly sought after. Here we report for the first time the …             Courtship Pheromone Use in a Model Urodele, the Mexican Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) ▶     Margo Maex, Ines Van Bocxlaer, Anneleen Mortier et al.     Sex pheromones have been shown to constitute a crucial aspect of salamander reproduction. Until now, courtship pheromones of Salamandridae and Plethodontidae have been …             Label-free Electrochemiluminescent Immunosensor for Detection of Prostate Specific Antigen based on Aminated Graphene Quantum Dots and Carboxyl Graphene Quantum Dots ▶     Dan Wu, Yixin Liu, Yaoguang Wang et al.     Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was used as the model, an ultrasensitive label-free electrochemiluminescent immunosensor was developed based on graphene quantum dots. Au/Ag-rGO …             Cofilin-induced cooperative conformational changes of actin subunits revealed using cofilin-actin fusion protein ▶     Nobuhisa Umeki, Keiko Hirose, Taro Q. P. Uyeda     To investigate cooperative conformational changes of actin filaments induced by cofilin binding, we engineered a fusion protein made of Dictyostelium cofilin and actin. The …             Nucleotide-dependent assembly of the peroxisomal receptor export complex ▶     Immanuel Grimm, Delia Saffian, Wolfgang Girzalsky et al.     Pex1p and Pex6p are two AAA-ATPases required for biogenesis of peroxisomes. Both proteins form a hetero-hexameric complex in an ATP-dependent manner, which has a dual …             Sensory gating, inhibition control and gamma oscillations in the human somatosensory cortex ▶     Chia-Hsiung Cheng, Pei-Ying S. Chan, David M. Niddam et al.     Inhibiting the responses to irrelevant stimuli is an essential component of human cognitive function. Pre-attentive auditory sensory gating (SG), an attenuated neural activation …             Biosynthetic route towards saxitoxin and shunt pathway ▶     Shigeki Tsuchiya, Yuko Cho, Keiichi Konoki et al.     Saxitoxin, the most potent voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, is one of the paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates. Recently, putative …             Precocious leaf senescence by functional loss of PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE14 involves the NPR1-dependent salicylic acid signaling ▶     Xin-Ying Zhao, Jia-Gang Wang, Shi-Jian Song et al.     We report here that Arabidopsis PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE14 (PAT14), through its palmitate transferase activity, acts at the vacuolar trafficking route to repress salicylic acid …             Transcriptional comparison of human induced and primary midbrain dopaminergic neurons ▶     Ninuo Xia, Pengbo Zhang, Fang Fang et al.     Generation of induced dopaminergic (iDA) neurons may provide a significant step forward towards cell replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). To study and compare …             The roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in phytoremediation and tree-herb interactions in Pb contaminated soil ▶     Yurong Yang, Yan Liang, Xiaozhen Han et al.     Understanding the roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in plant interaction is essential for optimizing plant distribution to restore degraded ecosystems. This study …             Reverse-migrated neutrophils regulated by JAM-C are involved in acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury ▶     Deqing Wu, Yue Zeng, Yuting Fan et al.     Junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) plays a key role in the promotion of the reverse transendothelial migration (rTEM) of neutrophils, which contributes to the dissemination …             Anatomical heterogeneity of tendon: Fascicular and interfascicular tendon compartments have distinct proteomic composition ▶     Chavaunne T. Thorpe, Mandy J. Peffers, Deborah Simpson et al.     Tendon is a simple aligned fibre composite, consisting of collagen-rich fascicles surrounded by a softer interfascicular matrix (IFM). The composition and interactions between …             The tomato floral homeotic protein FBP1-like gene, SlGLO1, plays key roles in petal and stamen development ▶     Xuhu Guo, Zongli Hu, Wencheng Yin et al.     MADS-box transcription factors play important role in plant growth and development, especially floral organ identities. In our study, a MADS-box gene SlGLO1- tomato floral …             Negative outcomes evoke cyclic irrational decisions in Rock, Paper, Scissors ▶     Benjamin James Dyson, Jonathan Michael Paul Wilbiks, Raj Sandhu et al.     Rock, Paper, Scissors (RPS) represents a unique gaming space in which the predictions of human rational decision-making can be compared with actual performance. Playing a …             Elevated expression of ABCB5 in ocular surface squamous neoplasia ▶     Passara Jongkhajornpong, Takahiro Nakamura, Chie Sotozono et al.     ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) is a new member of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily and has been reported as a novel marker for limbal stem cell (LSC), …             The influence of a caveolin-1 mutant on the function of P-glycoprotein ▶     Chih-Yuan Lee, Ting-Yu Lai, Meng-Kun Tsai et al.     The genetic heterogeneity in cancer cells has an increased chance in the acquisition of new mutant such as drug-resistant phenotype in cancer cells. The phenotype of drug …             Grain-rich diets altered the colonic fermentation and mucosa-associated bacterial communities and induced mucosal injuries in goats ▶     Huimin Ye, Junhua Liu, Panfei Feng et al.     Remarkably little information is available about the impact of high-grain (HG) feeding on colonic mucosa-associated bacteria and mucosal morphology. In the present study, 12 male …             IgE-tailpiece associates with α-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) to protect IgE from proteolysis without compromising its ability to interact with FcεRI ▶     Phyllis M. Quinn, David W. Dunne, Shona C. Moore et al.     Several splice variants of IgE exist in human plasma, including a variant called IgE-tailpiece (IgE-tp) that differs from classical IgE by the replacement of two carboxy-terminal …             Three-Dimensional Gene Map of Cancer Cell Types: Structural Entropy Minimisation Principle for Defining Tumour Subtypes ▶     Angsheng Li, Xianchen Yin, Yicheng Pan     In this study, we propose a method for constructing cell sample networks from gene expression profiles, and a structural entropy minimisation principle for detecting natural …             Transcriptional Regulation of Atp-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Factors: Smarcal1 and Brg1 Mutually Co-Regulate Each Other ▶     Dominic Thangminlen Haokip, Isha Goel, Vijendra Arya et al.     The ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors regulate gene expression. However, it is not known whether these factors regulate each other. Given the ability of these factors to …             Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease from elevated olfactory mucosal miR-206 level ▶     Jangsup Moon, Soon-Tae Lee, Il Gyu Kong et al.     MicroRNA-206, which suppresses the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, is known to be elevated in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. We performed …             Tumor-derived exosomes regulate expression of immune function-related genes in human T cell subsets ▶     Laurent Muller, Masato Mitsuhashi, Patricia Simms et al.     Tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEX) suppress functions of immune cells. Here, changes in the gene profiles of primary human T lymphocytes exposed in vitro to exosomes were …             Role of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 polymorphisms in risk of cancer development: an updated meta-analysis ▶     Zhi-Ming Dai, Tian-Song Zhang, Shuai Lin et al.     Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene have been shown to be correlated with susceptibility to cancer. However, various studies report …             Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease subtypes efficiently transmit in bank voles as genuine prion diseases ▶     Laura Pirisinu, Michele A. Di Bari, Claudia D’Agostino et al.     Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder associated with mutations in the prion protein gene and accumulation of misfolded PrP with …             Direct and sustained intracellular delivery of exogenous molecules using acoustic-transfection with high frequency ultrasound ▶     Sangpil Yoon, Min Gon Kim, Chi Tat Chiu et al.     Controlling cell functions for research and therapeutic purposes may open new strategies for the treatment of many diseases. An efficient and safe introduction of membrane …             Bioelectrical Signals and Ion Channels in the Modeling of Multicellular Patterns and Cancer Biophysics ▶     Javier Cervera, Antonio Alcaraz, Salvador Mafe     Bioelectrical signals and ion channels are central to spatial patterns in cell ensembles, a problem of fundamental interest in positional information and cancer processes. We …             Spinal cord injury affects the interplay between visual and sensorimotor representations of the body ▶     Silvio Ionta, Michael Villiger, Catherine R Jutzeler et al.     The brain integrates multiple sensory inputs, including somatosensory and visual inputs, to produce a representation of the body. Spinal cord injury (SCI) interrupts the …             Clonal Complex 17 Group B Streptococcus strains causing invasive disease in neonates and adults originate from the same genetic pool ▶     Sarah Teatero, Erin Ramoutar, Allison McGeer et al.     A significant proportion of group B Streptococcus (GBS) neonatal disease, particularly late-onset disease, is associated with strains of serotype III, clonal complex (CC) 17. …             Preparation and Characterization of Immobilized Lipase from Pseudomonas Cepacia onto Magnetic Cellulose Nanocrystals ▶     Shi-Lin Cao, Yu-Mei Huang, Xue-Hui Li et al.     Magnetic cellulose nanocrystals (MCNCs) were prepared and used as an enzyme support for immobilization of Pseudomonas cepacialipase (PCL). PCL was successfully immobilized onto …             Linking suckling biomechanics to the development of the palate ▶     Jingtao Li, Chelsey A. Johnson, Andrew A. Smith et al.     Skulls are amongst the most informative documents of evolutionary history but a complex geometry, coupled with composite material properties and complicated biomechanics, have …             Genome sequence and virulence factors of a group G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strain with a new element carrying erm(B) ▶     Xiaohui Wang, Xiaoxia Zhang, Zhiyong Zong     A Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) strain WCHSDSE-1, which caused an outbreak of tonsillopharyngitis among healthcare workers in China, was subjected to …             MicroRNA-101 targets von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) to induce HIF1α mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in normoxia condition ▶     Ning Liu, Wu-Yan Xia, Shan-Shan Liu et al.     The activation/inactivation of HIF1α is precisely regulated in an oxygen-dependent manner. HIF1α is essential for hypoxia induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Several recent …             Exploring Carbon Nanomaterial Diversity for Nucleation of Protein Crystals ▶     Lata Govada, Hannah S. Leese, Emmanuel Saridakis et al.     Controlling crystal nucleation is a crucial step in obtaining high quality protein crystals for structure determination by X-ray crystallography. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) …             Global prevalence of pre-existing HCV variants resistant to direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs): mining the GenBank HCV genome data ▶     Zhi-wei Chen, Hu Li, Hong Ren et al.     Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins open a whole new era for anti-HCV therapy, but DAA resistance associated variants (RAVs) could …             Robots Learn to Recognize Individuals from Imitative Encounters with People and Avatars ▶     Sofiane Boucenna, David Cohen, Andrew N. Meltzoff et al.     Prior to language, human infants are prolific imitators. Developmental science grounds infant imitation in the neural coding of actions, and highlights the use of imitation for …             Toward Repurposing Metformin as a Precision Anti-Cancer Therapy Using Structural Systems Pharmacology ▶     Thomas Hart, Shihab Dider, Weiwei Han et al.     Metformin, a drug prescribed to treat type-2 diabetes, exhibits anti-cancer effects in a portion of patients, but the direct molecular and genetic interactions leading to this …             Inhibition of Chikungunya Virus Replication by 1-[(2-Methylbenzimidazol-1-yl) Methyl]-2-Oxo-Indolin-3-ylidene] Amino] Thiourea(MBZM-N-IBT) ▶     Priyadarsee Mishra, Abhishek Kumar, Prabhudutta Mamidi et al.     Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is one of the most challenging human Arboviral infections with global significance and without any specific antiviral. In this investigation, …             Decline in intertidal biota after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and the Fukushima nuclear disaster: field observations ▶     Toshihiro Horiguchi, Hiroshi Yoshii, Satoshi Mizuno et al.     In 2011, 2012, and 2013, in the intertidal zones of eastern Japan, we investigated the ecological effects of the severe accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant that …             Role of transcription factor-mediated nucleosome disassembly in PHO5 gene expression ▶     Hungyo Kharerin, Paike J. Bhat, John F. Marko et al.     Studying nucleosome dynamics in promoter regions is crucial for understanding gene regulation. Nucleosomes regulate gene expression by sterically occluding transcription factors …             Repeated cultivation: non-cell disruption extraction of astaxanthin for Haematococcus pluvialis ▶     Han Sun, Bin Guan, Qing Kong et al.     The operation of cell disruption is indispensable but cost much in microalgae industry. To be simplified, two different reaction mechanisms await in the cell to respond to …             Erratum: The structure of Legionella pneumophila LegK4 type four secretion system (T4SS) effector reveals a novel dimeric eukaryotic-like kinase ▶     Ali Flayhan, Célia Bergé, Nathalie Baïlo et al.                 A Hypersweet Protein: Removal of The Specific Negative Charge at Asp21 Enhances Thaumatin Sweetness ▶     Tetsuya Masuda, Keisuke Ohta, Naoko Ojiro et al.     Thaumatin is an intensely sweet-tasting protein that elicits sweet taste at a concentration of 50 nM, a value 100,000 times larger than that of sucrose on a molar basis. Here we …             Physiological lipid composition is vital for homotypic ER membrane fusion mediated by the dynamin-related GTPase Sey1p ▶     Shintaro Sugiura, Joji Mima     Homotypic fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required for generating and maintaining the characteristic reticular ER membrane structures. This organelle membrane fusion …             Exploiting the CRISPR/Cas9 System for Targeted Genome Mutagenesis in Petunia ▶     Bin Zhang, Xia Yang, Chunping Yang et al.     Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has emerged as a powerful approach for targeted genome modification in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to human cell lines. Its successful …             How to unveil self-quenched fluorophores and subsequently map the subcellular distribution of exogenous peptides ▶     Jean-Marie Swiecicki, Frédéric Thiebaut, Margherita Di Pisa et al.     Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is the most popular technique for mapping the subcellular distribution of a fluorescent molecule and is widely used to investigate the …             Interpersonal interactions and empathy modulate perception of threat and defensive responses ▶     C. Fossataro, C. F. Sambo, F. Garbarini et al.     The defensive peripersonal space (DPPS) is a vital “safety margin” surrounding the body. When a threatening stimulus is delivered inside the DPPS, subcortical defensive responses …             Corrigendum: Transcriptome analysis identifies genes involved in adventitious branches formation of Gracilaria lichenoides in vitro ▶     Wenlei Wang, Huanqin Li, Xiangzhi Lin et al.                 Domain swapping oligomerization of thermostable c-type cytochrome in E. coli cells ▶     Yugo Hayashi, Masaru Yamanaka, Satoshi Nagao et al.     Knowledge on domain swapping in vitro is increasing, but domain swapping may not occur regularly in vivo, and its information in cells is limited. Herein, we show that …             Three DUF1996 Proteins Localize in Vacuoles and Function in Fungal Responses to Multiple Stresses and Metal Ions ▶     Sen-Miao Tong, Ying Chen, Sheng-Hua Ying et al.     Many annotated fungal genomes harbour high proportions of hypothetical proteins with or without domains of unknown function (DUF). Here, three novel proteins (342−497 amino …             Persistence Increases in the Absence of the Alarmone Guanosine Tetraphosphate by Reducing Cell Growth ▶     Nityananda Chowdhury, Brian W. Kwan, Thomas K. Wood     Most bacterial cells are stressed, and as a result, some become tolerant to antibiotics by entering a dormant state known as persistence. The key intracellular metabolite that …             GSK-3β downregulates Nrf2 in cultured cortical neurons and in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ▶     Xi Chen, Yuanling Liu, Jin Zhu et al.     The NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway plays a critical role in protecting against oxidative stress in brain ischemia and reperfusion …             A molecular mechanism realizing sequence-specific recognition of nucleic acids by TDP-43 ▶     Yoshiaki Furukawa, Yoh Suzuki, Mami Fukuoka et al.     TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a DNA/RNA-binding protein containing two consecutive RNA recognition motifs (RRM1 and RRM2) in tandem. Functional abnormality of TDP-43 has …             An efficient Potato virus X -based microRNA silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana ▶     Jinping Zhao, Qingtao Liu, Pu Hu et al.     Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in many biological processes. Although many miRNAs have been identified in various plant species, the functions of these miRNAs remain …             Metal ion transport quantified by ICP-MS in intact cells ▶     Julio A. Landero Figueroa, Cory A. Stiner, Tatiana L. Radzyukevich et al.     The use of ICP-MS to measure metal ion content in biological tissues offers a highly sensitive means to study metal-dependent physiological processes. Here we describe the …             2, 3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride (3, 4-Dimethyl-2, 5-furandione): A plant derived insecticidal molecule from Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta (L.) Schott ▶     Yallappa Rajashekar, Ngaihlun Tonsing, Tourangbam Shantibala et al.     The phasing out of methyl bromide as a fumigant, resistance problems with phosphine and other fumigants in stored product beetles, and serious concern with human health and …             5-HT2 receptors mediate functional modulation of GABAa receptors and inhibitory synaptic transmissions in human iPS-derived neurons ▶     Haitao Wang, Lingli Hu, Chunhua Liu et al.     Neural progenitors differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) hold potentials for treating neurological diseases. Serotonin has potent effects on neuronal functions …             The Citrus transcription factor, CitERF13, regulates citric acid accumulation via a protein-protein interaction with the vacuolar proton pump, CitVHA-c4 ▶     Shao-jia Li, Xue-ren Yin, Xiu-lan Xie et al.     Organic acids are essential to fruit flavor. The vacuolar H+ transporting adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase) plays an important role in organic acid transport and accumulation. …             Transcriptional Profiles from Paired Normal Samples Offer Complementary Information on Cancer Patient Survival – Evidence from TCGA Pan-Cancer Data ▶     Xiu Huang, David F. Stern, Hongyu Zhao     Although normal tissue samples adjacent to tumors are sometimes collected from patients in cancer studies, they are often used as normal controls to identify genes differentially …             Delineating taxonomic boundaries in the largest species complex of black flies (Simuliidae) in the Oriental Region ▶     Van Lun Low, Hiroyuki Takaoka, Pairot Pramual et al.     Perspicuous assessments of taxonomic boundaries and discovery of cryptic taxa are of paramount importance in interpreting ecological and evolutionary phenomena among black flies …             DNA barcoding reveals a mysterious high species diversity of conifer-feeding aphids in the mountains of southwest China ▶     Rui Chen, Li-Yun Jiang, Jing Chen et al.     The mountains of southwest China are one of the hot spots of biodiversity in the world. However, the high-altitude fauna that inhabit these mountains remain a mystery. In this …             Altered Carbohydrates Allocation by Associated Bacteria-fungi Interactions in a Bark Beetle-microbe Symbiosis ▶     Fangyuan Zhou, Qiaozhe Lou, Bo Wang et al.     Insect-microbe interaction is a key area of research in multiplayer symbiosis, yet little is known about the role of microbe-microbe interactions in insect-microbe symbioses. The …             Allelopathic Polyketides from an Endolichenic Fungus Myxotrichum SP. by Using OSMAC Strategy ▶     Chao Yuan, Yu-Hua Guo, Hai-Ying Wang et al.     Three new polyketides myxotritones A-C (2–4), together with a new natural product 7,8-dihydro-7R,8S-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-benzopyran-6-one (1) were obtained from the …             Human behaviour can trigger large carnivore attacks in developed countries ▶     Vincenzo Penteriani, María del Mar Delgado, Francesco Pinchera et al.     The media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore attacks on humans in North America and Europe. Although rare compared to human …             Multiplex Strand Invasion Based Amplification (mSIBA) assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae ▶     Kevin E. Eboigbodin, Mark J. Hoser     Nucleic acid amplification tests have become a common method for diagnosis of STIs due to their improved sensitivity over immunoassays and traditional culture-based methods. …             Genetic regulation of salt stress tolerance revealed by RNA-Seq in cotton diploid wild species, Gossypium davidsonii ▶     Feng Zhang, Guozhong Zhu, Lei Du et al.     Cotton is an economically important crop throughout the world, and is a pioneer crop in salt stress tolerance research. Investigation of the genetic regulation of salinity …             A novel Hsp70 inhibitor prevents cell intoxication with the actin ADP-ribosylating Clostridium perfringens iota toxin ▶     Katharina Ernst, Markus Liebscher, Sebastian Mathea et al.     Hsp70 family proteins are folding helper proteins involved in a wide variety of cellular pathways. Members of this family interact with key factors in signal transduction, …             Semantic and emotional content of imagined representations in human occipitotemporal cortex ▶     Daniel J Mitchell, Rhodri Cusack     Mental imagery is a critical cognitive function, clinically important, but poorly understood. When visual objects are perceived, many of their sensory, semantic and emotional …             Chitinases and Imaginal disc growth factors organize the extracellular matrix formation at barrier tissues in insects ▶     Yanina-Yasmin Pesch, Dietmar Riedel, Kapil R Patil et al.     The cuticle forms an apical extracellular-matrix (ECM) that covers exposed organs, such as epidermis, trachea and gut, for organizing morphogenesis and protection of insects. …             Reducing central serotonin in adulthood promotes hippocampal neurogenesis ▶     Ning-Ning Song, Yun-Fang Jia, Lei Zhang et al.     Chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which up-regulates central serotonin (5-HT) system function, enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis. …             Predicting the Mutating Distribution at Antigenic Sites of the Influenza Virus ▶     Hongyang Xu, Yiyan Yang, Shuning Wang et al.     Mutations of the influenza virus lead to antigenic changes that cause recurrent epidemics and vaccine resistance. Preventive measures would benefit greatly from the ability to …             Promotion of mitotic catastrophe via activation of PTEN by paclitaxel with supplement of mulberry water extract in bladder cancer cells ▶     Nien-Cheng Chen, Charng-Cherng Chyau, Yi-Ju Lee et al.     Paclitaxel is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy. Mulberry fruit is rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids and exhibits chemopreventive activities. In this study, …             Multidisciplinary investigation links backward-speech trait and working memory through genetic mutation ▶     Stefan Prekovic, Dušica Filipović Đurđević, Gábor Csifcsák et al.     Case studies of unusual traits can provide unique snapshots of the effects of modified systems. In this study, we report on an individual from a Serbian family with the ability …             A novel nitro-dexamethasone inhibits agr system activity and improves therapeutic effects in MRSA sepsis models without antibiotics ▶     Yun Yang, Haibo Li, Hongwu Sun et al.     Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition that involves systemic inflammation throughout the body. Glucocorticoids are …             Conformational dynamics is key to understanding loss-of-function of NQO1 cancer-associated polymorphisms and its correction by pharmacological ligands ▶     Medina-Carmona Encarnación, Rogelio J. Palomino-Morales, Julian E. Fuchs et al.     Protein dynamics is essential to understand protein function and stability, even though is rarely investigated as the origin of loss-of-function due to genetic variations. Here, …             Characterization of Two-Pore Channel 2 by Nuclear Membrane Electrophysiology ▶     Claire Shuk-Kwan Lee, Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong, Cecily Wing-Hei Cheng et al.     Lysosomal calcium (Ca2+) release mediated by NAADP triggers signalling cascades that regulate many cellular processes. The identification of two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) as the …             Dynamic changes in global microRNAome and transcriptome reveal complex miRNA-mRNA regulated host response to Japanese Encephalitis Virus in microglial cells ▶     Bharti Kumari, Pratistha Jain, Shaoli Das et al.     Microglia cells in the brain play essential role during Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) infection and may lead to change in microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA profile. These changes may …             Role of brassinosteroid signaling in modulating Tobacco mosaic virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana ▶     Xing-Guang Deng, Tong Zhu, Xing-Ji Peng et al.     Plant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), play essential roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. However, mechanisms by which BRs interfere with plant …             A Cross-Species Study of PI3K Protein-Protein Interactions Reveals the Direct Interaction of P85 and SHP2 ▶     Susanne B. Breitkopf, Xuemei Yang, Michael J. Begley et al.     Using a series of immunoprecipitation (IP) – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) experiments and reciprocal BLAST, we conducted a fly-human cross-species comparison of the …             The nuclear protein GmbZIP110 has transcription activation activity and plays important roles in the response to salinity stress in soybean ▶     Zhaolong Xu, Zulfiqar Ali, Ling Xu et al.     Plant basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in many biological processes and are involved in the regulation of salt stress tolerance. Previously, …             Multi-Organ toxicity demonstration in a functional human in vitro system composed of four organs ▶     Carlota Oleaga, Catia Bernabini, Alec S.T. Smith et al.     We report on a functional human model to evaluate multi-organ toxicity in a 4-organ system under continuous flow conditions in a serum-free defined medium utilizing a pumpless …             Organization of descending neurons in Drosophila melanogaster ▶     Cynthia T. Hsu, Vikas Bhandawat     Neural processing in the brain controls behavior through descending neurons (DNs) - neurons which carry signals from the brain to the spinal cord (or thoracic ganglia in …             Notch-regulated miR-223 targets the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway and increases cytokine production in macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients ▶     Jesús Ogando, Manuel Tardáguila, Andrea Díaz-Alderete et al.     Evidence links aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis, although results are inconsistent. AHR agonists inhibit pro-inflammatory …             Towards a Physarum learning chip ▶     James G. H. Whiting, Jeff Jones, Larry Bull et al.     Networks of protoplasmic tubes of organism Physarum polycehpalum are macro-scale structures which optimally span multiple food sources to avoid repellents yet maximize coverage …             Intrinsically motivated oculomotor exploration guided by uncertainty reduction and conditioned reinforcement in non-human primates ▶     Nabil Daddaoua, Manuel Lopes, Jacqueline Gottlieb     Intelligent animals have a high degree of curiosity – the intrinsic desire to know – but the mechanisms of curiosity are poorly understood. A key open question pertains to the …             Effects of high and low 17β-estradiol doses on focal cerebral ischemia in rats ▶     Edvin Ingberg, Elvar Theodorsson, Annette Theodorsson et al.     The majority of the numerous animal studies of the effects of estrogens on cerebral ischemia have reported neuroprotective results, but a few have shown increased damage. …             The discriminatory capability of existing scores to predict advanced colorectal neoplasia: a prospective colonoscopy study of 5,899 screening participants ▶     Martin C. S. Wong, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Simpson Ng et al.     We evaluated the performance of seven existing risk scoring systems in predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia in an asymptomatic Chinese cohort. We prospectively recruited …             Skeletal muscle alkaline Pi pool is decreased in overweight-to-obese sedentary subjects and relates to mitochondrial capacity and phosphodiester content ▶     Ladislav Valkovič, Marek Chmelík, Barbara Ukropcová et al.     Defects in skeletal muscle energy metabolism are indicative of systemic disorders such as obesity or type 2 diabetes. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS), in …             Mathematical modelling of phenotypic plasticity and conversion to a stem-cell state under hypoxia ▶     Andrew Dhawan, Seyed Ali Madani Tonekaboni, Joseph H. Taube et al.     Hypoxia, or oxygen deficiency, is known to be associated with breast tumour progression, resistance to conventional therapies and poor clinical prognosis. The …             Should adrenaline be used in patients with hemodynamically stable anaphylaxis? Incident case control study nested within a retrospective cohort study ▶     Byuk Sung Ko, Ji Yeon Kim, Dong-Woo Seo et al.     Although adrenaline (epinephrine) is a cornerstone of initial anaphylaxis treatment, it is not often used. We sought to assess whether use of adrenaline in hemodynamically stable …             Curcumin Nanoformulation for Cervical Cancer Treatment ▶     Mohd S. Zaman, Neeraj Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu et al.     Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Current standards of care for cervical cancer includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Conventional …             Estrogen receptor-α is localized to neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Chunyu Wang, Fan Zhang, Sirui Jiang et al.     The female predominance for developing Alzheimer disease (AD) suggests the involvement of gender specific factor(s) such as a reduced estrogen-estrogen receptor signaling in the …             Catalytically active tissue transglutaminase colocalises with Aβ pathology in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models ▶     Micha M. M. Wilhelmus, Mieke de Jager, August B. Smit et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterised by amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein deposition in the brain. Posttranslational modifications in Aβ play an important role in Aβ deposition. …             The miR-130 family promotes cell migration and invasion in bladder cancer through FAK and Akt phosphorylation by regulating PTEN ▶     Hiroshi Egawa, Kentaro Jingushi, Takayuki Hirono et al.     Bladder cancer causes an estimated 150,000 deaths per year worldwide. Although 15% of the recurrent bladder cancer becomes an invasive type, currently used targeted therapy for …             Quantum dots-based double imaging combined with organic dye imaging to establish an automatic computerized method for cancer Ki67 measurement ▶     Lin-Wei Wang, Ai-Ping Qu, Wen-Lou Liu et al.     As a widely used proliferative marker, Ki67 has important impacts on cancer prognosis, especially for breast cancer (BC). However, variations in analytical practice make it …             Peculiar liquid-feeding and pathogen transmission behavior of Aedes togoi and comparison with Anopheles sinensis ▶     Sang Joon Lee, Dooho Kang, Seung Chul Lee et al.     Female mosquitoes transmit various diseases as vectors during liquid-feeding. Identifying the determinants of vector efficiency is a major scientific challenge in establishing …             Metabolism and Disposition of Aditoprim in Swine, Broilers, Carp and Rats ▶     Liye Wang, Lingli Huang, Yuanhu Pan et al.     Aditoprim (ADP) is a newly developed antibacterial agent in veterinary medicine. The metabolism and disposition of ADP in swine, broilers, carp and rats were investigated by …             Cold atmospheric plasma jet-generated RONS and their selective effects on normal and carcinoma cells ▶     Sun Ja Kim, T. H. Chung     Cold atmospheric helium plasma jets were fabricated and utilized for plasma–cell interactions. The effect of operating parameters and jet design on the generation of specific …             New multi-scale perspectives on the stromatolites of Shark Bay, Western Australia ▶     E. P. Suosaari, R. P. Reid, P. E. Playford et al.     A recent field-intensive program in Shark Bay, Western Australia provides new multi-scale perspectives on the world’s most extensive modern stromatolite system. Mapping revealed …             Transthyretin participates in beta-amyloid transport from the brain to the liver- involvement of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1? ▶     Mobina Alemi, Cristiana Gaiteiro, Carlos Alexandre Ribeiro et al.     Transthyretin (TTR) binds Aβ peptide, preventing its deposition and toxicity. TTR is decreased in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Additionally, AD transgenic mice with only …             BDNF contributes to IBS-like colonic hypersensitivity via activating the enteroglia-nerve unit ▶     Peng Wang, Chao Du, Fei-Xue Chen et al.     The over-expressed colonic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to be associated with abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). …             Bcl2 is a critical regulator of bile acid homeostasis by dictating Shp and lncRNA H19 function ▶     Yuxia Zhang, Chune Liu, Olivier Barbier et al.     Bile acid (BA) metabolism is tightly controlled by nuclear receptor signaling to coordinate regulation of BA synthetic enzymes and transporters. Here we reveal a molecular …             Omics for prediction of environmental health effects: Blood leukocyte-based cross-omic profiling reliably predicts diseases associated with tobacco smoking ▶     Panagiotis Georgiadis, Dennie G. Hebels, Ioannis Valavanis et al.     The utility of blood-based omic profiles for linking environmental exposures to their potential health effects was evaluated in 649 individuals, drawn from the general …             Comparison of Particle-Associated Bacteria from a Drinking Water Treatment Plant and Distribution Reservoirs with Different Water Sources ▶     G. Liu, F. Q. Ling, E. J. van der Mark et al.     This study assessed the characteristics of and changes in the suspended particles and the associated bacteria in an unchlorinated drinking water distribution system and its …             Severe impairment of male reproductive organ development in a low SMN expressing mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy ▶     Eric W. Ottesen, Matthew D. Howell, Natalia N. Singh et al.     Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by low levels of survival motor neuron (SMN), a multifunctional protein essential for higher eukaryotes. While SMN is one of the most …             Post-floral Erection of Stalks Provides Insight into the Evolution of Fruit Orientation and Its Effects on Seed Dispersal ▶     Yang Niu, Zhuo Zhou, Wen Sha et al.     That stalks reorient after flowering to face upwards is a common phenomenon in many flowering plants, indicating the potential importance of fruit orientation on seed dispersal. …             Digital detection of endonuclease mediated gene disruption in the HIV provirus ▶     Ruth Hall Sedlak, Shu Liang, Nixon Niyonzima et al.     Genome editing by designer nucleases is a rapidly evolving technology utilized in a highly diverse set of research fields. Among all fields, the T7 endonuclease mismatch cleavage …             Effective pore size and radius of capture for K+ ions in K-channels ▶     Hans Moldenhauer, Ignacio Díaz-Franulic, Fernando González-Nilo et al.     Reconciling protein functional data with crystal structure is arduous because rare conformations or crystallization artifacts occur. Here we present a tool to validate the …             Hierarchy of cellular decisions in collective behavior: Implications for wound healing ▶     Lisa E. Wickert, Shaun Pomerenke, Isaiah Mitchell et al.     Collective processes such as wound re-epithelialization result from the integration of individual cellular decisions. To determine which individual cell behaviors represent the …             Distinctive origin of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum on the China-Myanmar border ▶     Run Ye, Dongwei Hu, Yilong Zhang et al.     The artemisinin (ART), discovered in China, has been widely used against malaria in China over the last 30 years. Understanding the emergence and origin of ART resistance in …             Transcriptome analysis of Glomus mosseae/Medicago sativa mycorrhiza on atrazine stress ▶     Fuqiang Song, Jize Li, Xiaoxu Fan et al.     Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) protect host plants against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, and promote biodegradation of various contaminants. In this study effect of …             A physiological role of cyclic electron transport around photosystem I in sustaining photosynthesis under fluctuating light in rice ▶     Wataru Yamori, Amane Makino, Toshiharu Shikanai     Plants experience a highly variable light environment over the course of the day. To reveal the molecular mechanisms of their photosynthetic response to fluctuating light, we …             Grafting cucumber onto luffa improves drought tolerance by increasing ABA biosynthesis and sensitivity ▶     Shanshan Liu, Hao Li, Xiangzhang Lv et al.     Balancing stomata-dependent CO2 assimilation and transpiration is a key challenge for increasing crop productivity and water use efficiency under drought stress for sustainable …             The promoter methylomes of monochorionic twin placentas reveal intrauterine growth restriction-specific variations in the methylation patterns ▶     Zhiming He, Hanlin Lu, Huijuan Luo et al.     Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects the foetus and has a number of pathological consequences throughout life. Recent work has indicated that variations in DNA …             A universal probe design for colorimetric detection of single-nucleotide variation with visible readout and high specificity ▶     Xueping Chen, Dandan Zhou, Huawei Shen et al.     Single-nucleotide variation (SNV) is a crucial biomarker for drug resistance-related detection in cancer and bacterial infection. However, the unintended binding of DNA probes …             Deciphering the Receptor Repertoire Encoding Specific Odorants by Time-Lapse Single-Cell Array Cytometry ▶     Masato Suzuki, Nobuo Yoshimoto, Ken Shimono et al.     Mammals can recognize a vast number of odorants by using olfactory receptors (ORs) known as G protein-coupled receptors. The OR gene family is one of the most diverse gene …             Comparative three-dimensional connectome map of motor cortical projections in the mouse brain ▶     Minju Jeong, Yongsoo Kim, Jeongjin Kim et al.     The motor cortex orchestrates simple to complex motor behaviors through its output projections to target areas. The primary (MOp) and secondary (MOs) motor cortices are known to …             Male hatchling production in sea turtles from one of the world’s largest marine protected areas, the Chagos Archipelago ▶     Nicole Esteban, Jacques-Olivier Laloë, Jeanne A. Mortimer et al.     Sand temperatures at nest depths and implications for hatchling sex ratios of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting in the Chagos …             Enhanced renoprotective effect of IGF-1 modified human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury ▶     Pengfei Liu, Yetong Feng, Delu Dong et al.     The therapeutic action of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) against acute kidney injury (AKI) has been demonstrated by several groups. However, how to …             Lack of association between IL-10 and IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease with cognitive impairment in a Chinese population ▶     Zhenhua Liu, Jifeng Guo, Yaqin Wang et al.     Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), including the development of PD-associated cognitive impairment. Whether genetic …             Implication of retinoic acid receptor selective signaling in myogenic differentiation ▶     Jihong Chen, Qiao Li     Signaling molecules are important for committing individual cells into tissue-specific lineages during early vertebrate development. Retinoic acid (RA) is an important vertebrate …             Potent in vitro antiviral activity of Cistus incanus extract against HIV and Filoviruses targets viral envelope proteins ▶     Stephanie Rebensburg, Markus Helfer, Martha Schneider et al.     Novel therapeutic options are urgently needed to improve global treatment of virus infections. Herbal products with confirmed clinical safety features are attractive starting …             Leukotriene E4 is a full functional agonist for human cysteinyl leukotriene type 1 receptor-dependent gene expression ▶     Holly R. Foster, Elisabeth Fuerst, William Branchett et al.     Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) the most stable of the cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) binds poorly to classical type 1 (CysLT1) and 2 (CysLT2) receptors although it induces potent …             The Effect of Oxytocin on Third-Party Altruistic Decisions in Unfair Situations: An fMRI Study ▶     Yang Hu, Dirk Scheele, Benjamin Becker et al.     Humans display an intriguing propensity to help the victim of social norm violations or punish the violators which require theory-of-mind (ToM)/mentalizing abilities. The …             Deficiency in DGCR8-dependent canonical microRNAs causes infertility due to multiple abnormalities during uterine development in mice ▶     Yeon Sun Kim, Hye-Ryun Kim, Hyongbum Kim et al.     DGCR8 is an RNA-binding protein that interacts with DROSHA to produce pre-microRNA in the nucleus, while DICER generates not only mature microRNA, but also endogenous small …             Under the hood of statistical learning: A statistical MMN reflects the magnitude of transitional probabilities in auditory sequences ▶     Stefan Koelsch, Tobias Busch, Sebastian Jentschke et al.     Within the framework of statistical learning, many behavioural studies investigated the processing of unpredicted events. However, surprisingly few neurophysiological studies are …             Nifuroxazide exerts potent anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activity in melanoma ▶     Yongxia Zhu, Tinghong Ye, Xi Yu et al.     Melanoma is a highly malignant neoplasm of melanocytes with considerable metastatic potential and drug resistance, explaining the need for new candidates that inhibit tumor …             Integration or separation in the processing of facial properties - a computational view ▶     Christoph D. Dahl, Malte J. Rasch, Isabelle Bülthoff et al.     A face recognition system ought to read out information about the identity, facial expression and invariant properties of faces, such as sex and race. A current debate is whether …             Chemical Changes in Nonthermal Plasma-Treated N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) Solution and Their Contribution to Bacterial Inactivation ▶     Utku K. Ercan, Josh Smith, Hai-Feng Ji et al.     In continuation of our previous reports on the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of atmospheric non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treated N-Acetylcysteine …             Longitudinal metabolic imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma in transgenic mouse models identifies acylcarnitine as a potential biomarker for early detection ▶     Jadegoud Yaligar, Wei Wei. Teoh, Rashidah Othman et al.     The cumulative effects of hepatic injury due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) exposure are the major risk factors of HCC. Understanding early …             Installing amino acids and peptides on N-heterocycles under visible-light assistance ▶     Yunhe Jin, Min Jiang, Hui Wang et al.     Readily available natural α-amino acids are one of nature’s most attractive and versatile building blocks in synthesis of natural products and biomolecules. Peptides and N…             Changes in intestinal microflora of Caenorhabditis elegans following Bacillus nematocida B16 infection ▶     Qiuhong Niu, Lin Zhang, Keqin Zhang et al.     The effect of pathogenic bacteria on a host and its symbiotic microbiota is vital and widespread in the biotic world. The soil-dwelling opportunistic bacterium Bacillus nematocida…             Gene expression and proteomic analysis of shoot apical meristem transition from dormancy to activation in Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook ▶     Huimin Xu, Dechang Cao, Yanmei Chen et al.     In contrast to annual plants, in perennial plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) can undergo seasonal transitions between dormancy and activity; understanding this transition …             Callous traits in children with and without conduct problems predict reduced connectivity when viewing harm to others ▶     Keith J. Yoder, Benjamin B. Lahey, Jean Decety     The presence of elevated callous unemotional (CU) traits seems to designate a distinct group of children and adolescents with serious conduct problems. However, the extent to …             Novel functional microRNAs from virus-free and infected Vitis vinifera plants under water stress ▶     Vitantonio Pantaleo, Marco Vitali, Paolo Boccacci et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the post-transcriptional control of several pathway intermediates, thus playing pivotal roles in plant growth, …             The Gatekeepers in the Mouse Ophthalmic Artery: Endothelium-Dependent Mechanisms of Cholinergic Vasodilation ▶     Caroline Manicam, Julia Staubitz, Christoph Brochhausen et al.     Cholinergic regulation of arterial luminal diameter involves intricate network of intercellular communication between the endothelial and smooth muscle cells that is highly …             Bacterial Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP) Restricts Human Cytomegalovirus Replication via an IFN-β-Dependent Pathway ▶     Arun Kapoor, Yi-Hsin Fan, Ravit Arav-Boger     We recently reported that induction of NOD2 by human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resulted in virus inhibition and upregulation of antiviral and inflammatory cytokines. Here we …             Human X-linked Intellectual Disability Factor CUL4B Is Required for Post-meiotic Sperm Development and Male Fertility ▶     Chien-Yu Lin, Chun-Yu Chen, Chih-Hsiang Yu et al.     In this study, we demonstrate that an E3-ubiquitin ligase associated with human X-linked intellectual disability, CUL4B, plays a crucial role in post-meiotic sperm development. …             Detecting O2 binding sites in protein cavities ▶     Ryo Kitahara, Yuichi Yoshimura, Mengjun Xue et al.     Internal cavities are important elements in protein structure, dynamics, stability and function. Here we use NMR spectroscopy to investigate the binding of molecular oxygen (O2) …             Selection preserves Ubiquitin Specific Protease 4 alternative exon skipping in therian mammals ▶     Caitlyn Vlasschaert, Xuhua Xia, Douglas A. Gray     Ubiquitin specific protease 4 (USP4) is a highly networked deubiquitinating enzyme with reported roles in cancer, innate immunity and RNA splicing. In mammals it has two dominant …             Reversible interconversion and maintenance of mammary epithelial cell characteristics by the ligand-regulated EGFR system ▶     Shinji Fukuda, Hisayo Nishida-Fukuda, Daisuke Nanba et al.     Epithelial cell plasticity is controlled by extracellular cues, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and amphiregulin (AREG) …             Distinct Reward Properties are Encoded via Corticostriatal Interactions ▶     David V. Smith, Anastasia E. Rigney, Mauricio R. Delgado     The striatum serves as a critical brain region for reward processing. Yet, understanding the link between striatum and reward presents a challenge because rewards are composed of …             Quantitative phospho-proteomics reveals the Plasmodium merozoite triggers pre-invasion host kinase modification of the red cell cytoskeleton ▶     Elizabeth S. Zuccala, Timothy J. Satchwell, Fiona Angrisano et al.     The invasive blood-stage malaria parasite – the merozoite – induces rapid morphological changes to the target erythrocyte during entry. However, evidence for active molecular …             Low-dose carbon-based nanoparticle-induced effects in A549 lung cells determined by biospectroscopy are associated with increases in genomic methylation ▶     Junyi Li, Meiping Tian, Li Cui et al.     Nanotechnology has introduced many manufactured carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) into our environment, generating a debate into their risks and benefits. Numerous nanotoxicology …             Identification of two novel Chlorotoxin derivatives CA4 and CTX-23 with chemotherapeutic and anti-angiogenic potential ▶     Tengfei Xu, Zheng Fan, Wenxin Li et al.     Brain tumors are fast proliferating and destructive within the brain microenvironment. Effective chemotherapeutic strategies are currently lacking which combat this deadly …             Crosstalk between miRNAs and their regulated genes network in stroke ▶     Ye Yuan, Ruixia Kang, YaNan Yu et al.     In recent years, more and more studies focus on the roles of genes or miRNAs in stroke. However, the molecular mechanism connecting miRNAs and their targetgenes remains unclear. …             Knockin of Cre Gene at Ins2 Locus Reveals No Cre Activity in Mouse Hypothalamic Neurons ▶     Ling Li, Lin Gao, Kejia Wang et al.     The recombination efficiency and cell specificity of Cre driver lines are critical for exploring pancreatic β cell biology with the Cre/LoxP approach. Some commonly used Cre …             Sorting of Single Biomolecules based on Fourier Polar Representation of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra ▶     Aymeric Leray, Thibault Brulé, Mickael Buret et al.     Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy becomes increasingly used in biosensors for its capacity to detect and identify single molecules. In practice, a large …             Molecular mechanisms of ionic liquid cytotoxicity probed by an integrated experimental and computational approach ▶     Brian Yoo, Benxin Jing, Stuart E. Jones et al.     Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that remain liquid down to low temperatures, and sometimes well below room temperature. ILs have been called “green solvents” because of their …             A Novel COL4A4 Mutation Identified in a Chinese Family with Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy ▶     Yan Xu, Min Guo, Hui Dong et al.     Thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) is often attributable to mutations in the COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes that encode the α3 and α4 chains of type IV collagen, respectively, a …             A micro-scale simulation of red blood cell passage through symmetric and asymmetric bifurcated vessels ▶     Tong Wang, Uwitije Rongin, Zhongwen Xing     Blood exhibits a heterogeneous nature of hematocrit, velocity, and effective viscosity in microcapillaries. Microvascular bifurcations have a significant influence on the …             Age-dependent inverse correlations in CSF and plasma amyloid-β(1–42) concentrations prior to amyloid plaque deposition in the brain of 3xTg-AD mice ▶     Soo Min Cho, Sejin Lee, Seung-Hoon Yang et al.     Amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a critical role as a biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis. In addition to its diagnostic potential in the brain, recent studies have suggested …             Proteolytic and non-proteolytic regulation of collective cell invasion: tuning by ECM density and organization ▶     Sandeep Kumar, Aastha Kapoor, Sejal Desai et al.     Cancer cells manoeuvre through extracellular matrices (ECMs) using different invasion modes, including single cell and collective cell invasion. These modes rely on MMP-driven …             Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and characterization of their inhibitory effects on AGEs formation using biophysical techniques ▶     Jalaluddin M. Ashraf, Mohammad Azam Ansari, Haris M. Khan et al.     Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) resulting from non-enzymatic glycation are one of the major factors implicated in secondary complications of diabetes. Scientists are …             The phylogeny and evolutionary history of tyrannosauroid dinosaurs ▶     Stephen L. Brusatte, Thomas D. Carr     Tyrannosauroids—the group of carnivores including Tyrannosaurs rex—are some of the most familiar dinosaurs of all. A surge of recent discoveries has helped clarify some aspects …             Oral glutathione supplementation drastically reduces Helicobacter-induced gastric pathologies ▶     Ellen De Bruyne, Richard Ducatelle, Dennis Foss et al.     Helicobacter (H.) suis causes gastric pathologies in both pigs and humans. Very little is known on the metabolism of this bacterium and its impact on the host. In this study, we …             Integrated Microfluidic Lectin Barcode Platform for High-Performance Focused Glycomic Profiling ▶     Yuqin Shang, Yun Zeng, Yong Zeng     Protein glycosylation is one of the key processes that play essential roles in biological functions and dysfunctions. However, progress in glycomics has considerably lagged …             Graph theoretical analysis of brain connectivity in phantom sound perception ▶     Anusha Mohan, Dirk De Ridder, Sven Vanneste     Tinnitus is a phantom sound commonly thought of to be produced by the brain related to auditory deafferentation. 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