Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 20 October 2015

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20 October 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Nature Medicine FOCUS ON INFLAMMATORY DISEASE This series of Reviews highlights new data that point toward the influence of environmental factors and addresses recent advances in our knowledge of the cell types and signaling pathways involved in inflammatory disease onset and progression. Produced with support from Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson            Biological Sciences               Stepwise evolution of pandrug-resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae ▶     Hosam M. Zowawi, Brian M. Forde, Mubarak Alfaresi et al.     Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) pose an urgent risk to global human health. CRE that are non-susceptible to all commercially available antibiotics threaten to …             Impact Of Environmental Variation On Host Performance Differs With Pathogen Identity: Implications For Host-Pathogen Interactions In A Changing Climate ▶     Ikkei Shikano, Jenny S. Cory     Specialist and generalist pathogens may exert different costs on their hosts; thereby altering the way hosts cope with environmental variation. We examined how pathogen-challenge …             Combination of six enzymes of a marine Novosphingobium converts the stereoisomers of β-O-4 lignin model dimers into the respective monomers ▶     Yukari Ohta, Shinro Nishi, Ryoichi Hasegawa et al.     Lignin, an aromatic polymer of phenylpropane units joined predominantly by β-O-4 linkages, is the second most abundant biomass component on Earth. Despite the continuous …             Seasonal Expression of Prolactin Receptor in the Scented Gland of Male Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) ▶     Han Cao, Liang Wang, Shuo Zhang et al.     Prolactin (PRL) has numerous actions in mammalian biological systems including mammary development and biological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal …             Dental calculus evidence of Taï Forest Chimpanzee plant consumption and life history transitions ▶     Robert C. Power, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Roman M. Wittig et al.     Dental calculus (calcified dental plaque) is a source of multiple types of data on life history. Recent research has targeted the plant microremains preserved in this mineralised …             A scanning acoustic microscope discriminates cancer cells in fluid ▶     Katsutoshi Miura, Seiji Yamamoto     Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) discriminates lesions in sections by assessing the speed of sound (SOS) or attenuation of sound (AOS) through tissues within a few minutes …             Low doses of neonicotinoid pesticides in food rewards impair short-term olfactory memory in foraging-age honeybees ▶     Geraldine A. Wright, Samantha Softley, Helen Earnshaw     Neonicotinoids are often applied as systemic seed treatments to crops and have reported negative impact on pollinators when they appear in floral nectar and pollen. Recently, we …             Glycolipid dynamics in generation and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells ▶     Takuma Ojima, Eri Shibata, Shiho Saito et al.     Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are glycoconjugates that function as mediators of cell adhesion and modulators of signal transduction. Some well-defined markers of undifferentiated …             The Impact of Environmental Fluctuations on Evolutionary Fitness Functions ▶     Anna Melbinger, Massimo Vergassola     The concept of fitness as a measure for a species’ success in natural selection is central to the theory of evolution. We here investigate how reproduction rates which are not …             A transcriptional reference map of defence hormone responses in potato ▶     Lea Wiesel, Jayne L. Davis, Linda Milne et al.     Phytohormones are involved in diverse aspects of plant life including the regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction, as well as governing biotic and abiotic stress …             Affibody-mediated PET imaging of HER3 expression in malignant tumours ▶     Maria Rosestedt, Ken G. Andersson, Bogdan Mitran et al.     Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is involved in the progression of various cancers and in resistance to therapies targeting the HER family. In vivo imaging of HER3 …             Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, a high-energy intermediate of glycolysis, attenuates experimental arthritis by activating anti-inflammatory adenosinergic pathway ▶     Flávio P. Veras, Raphael S. Peres, André L. L. Saraiva et al.     Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) is an endogenous intermediate of the glycolytic pathway. Exogenous administration of FBP has been shown to exert protective effects in a variety …             Novel method for immunofluorescence staining of mammalian eggs using non-contact alternating-current electric-field mixing of microdroplets ▶     Shirasawa Hiromitsu, Kumagai Jin, Sato Emiko et al.     Recently, a new technique was developed for non-catalytically mixing microdroplets. In this method, an alternating-current (AC) electric field is used to promote the …             Lifespan and Stress Resistance in Drosophila with Overexpressed DNA Repair Genes ▶     Mikhail Shaposhnikov, Ekaterina Proshkina, Lyubov Shilova et al.     DNA repair declines with age and correlates with longevity in many animal species. In this study, we investigated the effects of GAL4-induced overexpression of genes implicated …             Prioritization of candidate genes in “QTL-hotspot” region for drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) ▶     Sandip M Kale, Deepa Jaganathan, Pradeep Ruperao et al.     A combination of two approaches, namely QTL analysis and gene enrichment analysis were used to identify candidate genes in the “QTL-hotspot” region for drought tolerance present …             Impaired climbing and flight behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster following carbon dioxide anaesthesia ▶     Nathan R. Bartholomew, Jacob M. Burdett, John M. VandenBrooks et al.     Laboratories that study Drosophila melanogaster or other insects commonly use carbon dioxide (CO2) anaesthesia for sorting or other work. Unfortunately, the use of CO2 has …             Unveiling transient protein-protein interactions that modulate inhibition of alpha-synuclein aggregation by beta-synuclein, a pre-synaptic protein that co-localizes with alpha-synuclein ▶     Maria K. Janowska, Kuen-Phon Wu, Jean Baum     Pathology in Parkinson’s disease is linked to self-association of α-Synuclein (αS) into pathogenic oligomeric species and highly ordered amyloid fibrils. Developing effective …             Robust orthogonal recombination system for versatile genomic elements rearrangement in yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ▶     Qiuhui Lin, Hao Qi, Yi Wu et al.     Rearrangement of genomic DNA elements in a dynamic controlled fashion is a fundamental challenge. Site-specific DNA recombinases have been tamed as a powerful tool in genome …             Human Mitochondrial DNA-Protein Complexes Attach to a Cholesterol-Rich Membrane Structure ▶     Joachim M. Gerhold, Şirin Cansiz-Arda, Madis Lõhmus et al.     The helicase Twinkle is indispensable for mtDNA replication in nucleoids. Previously, we showed that Twinkle is tightly membrane-associated even in the absence of mtDNA, which …             A novel IgY-Aptamer hybrid system for cost-effective detection of SEB and its evaluation on food and clinical samples ▶     Venkataramana Mudili, Shivakiran S. Makam, Naveen Sundararaj et al.     In the present study, we introduce a novel hybrid sandwich-ALISA employing chicken IgY and ssDNA aptamers for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Cloning, …             A Designed Angiopoietin-1 Variant, Dimeric CMP-Ang1 Activates Tie2 and Stimulates Angiogenesis and Vascular Stabilization in N-glycan Dependent Manner ▶     Nuri Oh, Kangsan Kim, Soo Jin Kim et al.     Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), a potential growth factor for therapeutic angiogenesis and vascular stabilization, is known to specifically cluster and activate Tie2 in high oligomeric …             Pharmacologically targeted NMDA receptor antagonism by NitroMemantine for cerebrovascular disease ▶     Hiroto Takahashi, Peng Xia, Jiankun Cui et al.     Stroke and vascular dementia are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Neuroprotective therapies have been proposed but none have proven clinically tolerated and effective. …             Cytoplasmic sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway modulates neuronal autophagy ▶     Jose Felix Moruno Manchon, Ndidi-Ese Uzor, Yuri Dabaghian et al.     Autophagy is an important homeostatic mechanism that eliminates long-lived proteins, protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Its dysregulation is involved in many …             De novo KCNB1 mutations in infantile epilepsy inhibit repetitive neuronal firing ▶     Hirotomo Saitsu, Tenpei Akita, Jun Tohyama et al.     The voltage-gated Kv2.1 potassium channel encoded by KCNB1 produces the major delayed rectifier potassium current in pyramidal neurons. Recently, de novo heterozygous missense …             Heat shock protein 60 stimulates the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via Toll-like receptor 4 and ERK MAPK activation ▶     Ying Zhao, Chenxu Zhang, Xuge Wei et al.     Accumulating evidence indicates that heat shock protein (HSP) 60 is strongly associated with the pathology of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the precise mechanisms by which HSP60 …             Comparison of acute non-visual bright light responses in patients with optic nerve disease, glaucoma and healthy controls ▶     M. Münch, L. Léon, S. Collomb et al.     This study examined the effect of optic nerve disease, hence retinal ganglion cell loss, on non-visual functions related to melanopsin signalling. Test subjects were patients …             Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases ▶     Jialiang Yang, Tao Huang, Francesca Petralia et al.     Aging is one of the most important biological processes and is a known risk factor for many age-related diseases in human. Studying age-related transcriptomic changes in tissues …             Homophyly/Kinship Model: Naturally Evolving Networks ▶     Angsheng Li, Jiankou Li, Yicheng Pan et al.     It has been a challenge to understand the formation and roles of social groups or natural communities in the evolution of species, societies and real world networks. Here, we …             Bv8/prokineticin 2 is involved in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity ▶     Cinzia Severini, Roberta Lattanzi, Daniela Maftei et al.     Bv8/Prokineticin 2 (PROK2) is a bioactive peptide initially discovered as a regulator of gastrointestinal motility. Among multiple biological roles demonstrated for PROK2, it was …             Estrogen accelerates the resolution of inflammation in macrophagic cells ▶     Alessandro Villa, Nicoletta Rizzi, Elisabetta Vegeto et al.     Although 17β-estradiol (E2) anti-inflammatory activity has been well described, very little is known about the effects of this hormone on the resolution phase of the inflammatory …             Targeting autocrine HB-EGF signaling with specific ADAM12 inhibition using recombinant ADAM12 prodomain ▶     Miles A. Miller, Marcia L. Moss, Gary Powell et al.     Dysregulation of ErbB-family signaling underlies numerous pathologies and has been therapeutically targeted through inhibiting ErbB-receptors themselves or their cognate ligands. …             Lectin staining and flow cytometry reveals female-induced sperm acrosome reaction and surface carbohydrate reorganization ▶     Jukka Kekäläinen, Irma Larma, Matthew Linden et al.     All cells are covered by glycans, an individually unique layer of oligo- and polysaccharides that are critical moderators of self-recognition and other cellular-level …             Novel insights from 3D models: the pivotal role of physical symmetry in epithelial organization ▶     Abhishek Kurup, Shreyas Ravindranath, Tim Tran et al.     3D tissue culture models are utilized to study breast cancer and other pathologies because they better capture the complexity of in vivo tissue architecture compared to 2D …             Discovery and characterization of natural tropolones as inhibitors of the antibacterial target CapF from Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Koichiro Nakano, Takeru Chigira, Takamitsu Miyafusa et al.     The rapid spread of antibiotic-resistance among pathogenic bacteria poses a serious risk for public health. The search for novel therapeutic strategies and antimicrobial …             Quantitative assessment of gene expression network module-validation methods ▶     Bing Li, Yingying Zhang, Yanan Yu et al.     Validation of pluripotent modules in diverse networks holds enormous potential for systems biology and network pharmacology. An arising challenge is how to assess the accuracy of …             Antigenically Modified Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Generate Antigen-Presenting Dendritic Cells ▶     Jieming Zeng, Chunxiao Wu, Shu Wang     Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a promising platform to produce dendritic cell (DC) vaccine. To streamline the production process, we investigated a unique …             DNA methylation Landscape of body size variation in sheep ▶     Jiaxue Cao, Caihong Wei, Dongming Liu et al.     Sub-populations of Chinese Mongolian sheep exhibit significant variance in body mass. In the present study, we sequenced the whole genome DNA methylation in these breeds to …             Corrigendum: A biospectroscopic analysis of human prostate tissue obtained from different time periods points to a trans-generational alteration in spectral phenotype ▶     Georgios Theophilou, Kássio M. G. Lima, Matthew Briggs et al.                 Evidence of bacterioplankton community adaptation in response to long-term mariculture disturbance ▶     Jinbo Xiong, Heping Chen, Changju Hu et al.     Understanding the underlying mechanisms that shape the temporal dynamics of a microbial community has important implications for predicting the trajectory of an ecosystem’s …             Water Status Related Root-to-Shoot Communication Regulates the Chilling Tolerance of Shoot in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Plants ▶     Zi-Shan Zhang, Mei-Jun Liu, Hui-Yuan Gao et al.     Although root-to-shoot communication has been intensively investigated in plants under drought, few studies have examined root-to-shoot communication under chilling. Here we …             Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) – preliminary study on a hidden antigen target for vaccination against schistosomiasis ▶     Sujeevi S. K. Nawaratna, Geoffrey N. Gobert, Charlene Willis et al.     Our previously reported gene atlasing of schistosome tissues revealed transcripts that were highly enriched in the digestive tract of Schistosoma mansoni. From these, we selected …             Artificial nighttime light changes aphid-parasitoid population dynamics ▶     Dirk Sanders, Rachel Kehoe, Katie Tiley et al.     Artificial light at night (ALAN) is recognized as a widespread and increasingly important anthropogenic environmental pressure on wild species and their interactions. Un…             Complete mitochondrial genome of Bactrocera arecae (Insecta: Tephritidae) by next-generation sequencing and molecular phylogeny of Dacini tribe ▶     Hoi-Sen Yong, Sze-Looi Song, Phaik-Eem Lim et al.     The whole mitochondrial genome of the pest fruit fly Bactrocera arecae was obtained from next-generation sequencing of genomic DNA. It had a total length of 15,900 bp, consisting …             Effects of Stretching Speed on Mechanical Rupture of Phospholipid/Cholesterol Bilayers: Molecular Dynamics Simulation ▶     Taiki Shigematsu, Kenichiro Koshiyama, Shigeo Wada     Rupture of biological cell membrane under mechanical stresses is critical for cell viability. It is triggered by local rearrangements of membrane molecules. We investigated the …             Modular Design of the Selectivity Filter Pore Loop in a Novel Family of Prokaryotic ‘Inward Rectifier’ (NirBac) channels ▶     Lejla Zubcevic, Shizhen Wang, Vassiliy N. Bavro et al.     Potassium channels exhibit a modular design with distinct structural and functional domains; in particular, a highly conserved pore-loop sequence that determines their ionic …             Alloreactive CD154-expressing T-cell subsets with differential sensitivity to the immunosuppressant, belatacept: potential targets of novel belatacept-based regimens ▶     Chethan Ashokkumar, Bishu Ganguly, Robert Townsend et al.     Belatacept blocks CD28-mediated T-cell costimulation and prevents renal transplant rejection. Understanding T-cell subset sensitivity to belatacept may identify cellular markers …             The identification of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis DHFR inhibitors and the investigation of their binding preferences by using molecular modelling ▶     Wei Hong, Yu Wang, Zhe Chang et al.     It is an urgent need to develop new drugs for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and the enzyme, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a recognised drug target. The crystal structures …             Revealing crosstalk of plant and fungi in the symbiotic roots of sewage-cleaning Eichhornia crassipes using direct de novo metatranscriptomic analysis ▶     Bin Luo, Wei Gu, Jiayong Zhong et al.     Cultivation and environmental changes can induce development of novel phenotypes in plants. For example, the root morphology of cultivated purple root Eichhornia crassipes …             Oscillating high-aspect-ratio monolithic silicon nanoneedle array enables efficient delivery of functional bio-macromolecules into living cells ▶     Daisuke Matsumoto, Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri, Yoshio Kato et al.     Delivery of biomolecules with use of nanostructures has been previously reported. However, both efficient and high-throughput intracellular delivery has proved difficult to …             CXCR4-targeted near-infrared imaging allows detection of orthotopic and metastatic human osteosarcoma in a mouse model ▶     Guofeng Guan, Yao Lu, Xiaodong Zhu et al.     CXCR4 is expressed at primary and metastatic sites of osteosarcoma. We developed a novel CXCR4-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agent (referred to as …             Biophysical optimality of the golden angle in phyllotaxis ▶     Takuya Okabe     Plant leaves are arranged around a stem axis in a regular pattern characterized by common fractions, a phenomenon known as phyllotaxis or phyllotaxy. As plants grow, these …             EGR1 regulates hepatic clock gene amplitude by activating Per1 transcription ▶     Weiwei Tao, Jing Wu, Qian Zhang et al.     The mammalian clock system is composed of a master clock and peripheral clocks. At the molecular level, the rhythm-generating mechanism is controlled by a molecular clock …             Domestication Effects on Stress Induced Steroid Secretion and Adrenal Gene Expression in Chickens ▶     Amir Fallahsharoudi, Neil de Kock, Martin Johnsson et al.     Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity is a challenge in contemporary biology. Domestication provides a model for unravelling aspects of the genetic basis of …             A short treatise concerning a musical approach for the interpretation of gene expression data ▶     Martin S. Staege     Recent technical developments allow the genome-wide and near-complete analysis of gene expression in a given sample, e.g. by usage of high-density DNA microarrays or next …             H3N2 Mismatch of 2014–15 Northern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccines and Head-to-head Comparison between Human and Ferret Antisera derived Antigenic Maps ▶     Hang Xie, Xiu-Feng Wan, Zhiping Ye et al.     The poor performance of 2014–15 Northern Hemisphere (NH) influenza vaccines was attributed to mismatched H3N2 component with circulating epidemic strains. Using human serum …             Pterostilbine, an active component of blueberries, sensitizes colon cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity ▶     Mai F. Tolba, Sherif Z. Abdel-Rahman     Although colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first line of therapy for this debilitating disease, treatment effectiveness is often hampered by the …             EGCG antagonizes Bortezomib cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells by an autophagic mechanism ▶     Alice Modernelli, Valeria Naponelli, Maria Giovanna Troglio et al.     The proteasome inhibitors Bortezomib (BZM) and MG132 trigger cancer cell death via induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response. Epigallocatechin …             Marine medaka ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily and new insight into teleost Abch nomenclature ▶     Chang-Bum Jeong, Bo-Mi Kim, Hye-Min Kang et al.     The ABC gene family is recognized as one of the largest gene families in all kingdoms of life. Although many genes involved in the ABC superfamily have been annotated from …             Three-dimensional chemotaxis-driven aggregation of tumor cells ▶     Alberto Puliafito, Alessandro De Simone, Giorgio Seano et al.     One of the most important steps in tumor progression involves the transformation from a differentiated epithelial phenotype to an aggressive, highly motile phenotype, where tumor …             The conservation and signatures of lincRNAs in Marek’s disease of chicken ▶     Yanghua He, Yi Ding, Fei Zhan et al.     Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) associated with a number of cancers and other diseases have been identified in mammals, but they are still formidable to be …             Notch Signaling in Inflammation-Induced Preterm Labor ▶     Mukesh K. Jaiswal, Varkha Agrawal, Sahithi Pamarthy et al.     Notch signaling plays an important role in regulation of innate immune responses and trophoblast function during pregnancy. To identify the role of Notch signaling in preterm …             Mass Spectrometric and Spectrofluorometric Studies of the Interaction of Aristolochic Acids with Proteins ▶     Weiwei Li, Qin Hu, Wan Chan     Aristolochic acid (AA) is a potent carcinogen and nephrotoxin and is associated with the development of “Chinese herb nephropathy” and Balkan endemic nephropathy. Despite decades …             Chitosan nanoparticles: A positive modulator of innate immune responses in plants ▶     Swarnendu Chandra, Nilanjan Chakraborty, Adhiraj Dasgupta et al.     The immunomodulatory role of the natural biopolymer, chitosan, has already been demonstrated in plants, whilst its nanoparticles have only been examined for biomedical …             Are fish fed with cyanobacteria safe, nutritious and delicious? A laboratory study ▶     Hualei Liang, Wenshan Zhou, Yulei Zhang et al.     Toxic cyanobacterial blooms, which produce cyclic heptapeptide toxins known as microcystins, are worldwide environmental problems. On the other hand, the cyanobacteria protein …             Migration of PIP2 lipids on voltage-gated potassium channel surface influences channel deactivation ▶     Liping Chen, Qiansen Zhang, Yunguang Qiu et al.     Published studies of lipid-protein interactions have mainly focused on lipid binding to an individual site of the protein. Here, we show that a lipid can migrate between …             Time-Specific Fear Acts as a Non-Photic Entraining Stimulus of Circadian Rhythms in Rats ▶     Blake A. Pellman, Earnest Kim, Melissa Reilly et al.     Virtually all animals have endogenous clock mechanisms that “entrain” to the light-dark (LD) cycle and synchronize psychophysiological functions to optimal times for exploring …             Repeated Solid-state Dewetting of Thin Gold Films for Nanogap-rich Plasmonic Nanoislands ▶     Minhee Kang, Sang-Gil Park, Ki-Hun Jeong     This work reports a facile wafer-level fabrication for nanogap-rich gold nanoislands for highly sensitive surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by repeating solid-state …             Elevation of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Attenuates PTEN-deficiency Induced Endometrial Cancer Development through Regulation of COX-2 and PGE2 Production ▶     Jinshun Pan, Lixian Cheng, Xinyun Bi et al.     Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-mutation is frequently identified in endometrial cancer patients. …             Distinct roles of the RasGAP family proteins in C. elegans associative learning and memory ▶     M. Dávid Gyurkó, Péter Csermely, Csaba Sőti et al.     The Ras GTPase activating proteins (RasGAPs) are regulators of the conserved Ras/MAPK pathway. Various roles of some of the RasGAPs in learning and memory have been reported in …             Corrigendum: Building an organic computing device with multiple interconnected brains ▶     Miguel Pais-Vieira, Gabriela Chiuffa, Mikhail Lebedev et al.                 Systems pharmacology-based dissection of mechanisms of Chinese medicinal formula Bufei Yishen as an effective treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ▶     Jiansheng Li, Peng Zhao, Ya Li et al.     The present work adopted a systems pharmacology-based approach to provide new insights into the active compounds and therapeutic targets of Bufei Yishen formula (BYF) for the …             Isolation and molecular characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants and novel strains in Pennsylvania, USA, 2011–2014 ▶     Huaguang Lu, Yi Tang, Patricia A. Dunn et al.     Avian reovirus (ARV) infections of broiler and turkey flocks have caused significant clinical disease and economic losses in Pennsylvania (PA) since 2011. Most of the …             Different Brain Regions are Infected with Fungi in Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Diana Pisa, Ruth Alonso, Alberto Rábano et al.     The possibility that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a microbial aetiology has been proposed by several researchers. Here, we provide evidence that tissue from the central nervous …             Levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids correlate with growth rate in plant cell cultures ▶     Coline Meï, Morgane Michaud, Mathilde Cussac et al.     In higher plants, fatty acids (FAs) with 18 carbons (18C) represent about 70% of total FAs, the most abundant species being 18:2 and 18:3. These two polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) …             The effect of background music on episodic memory and autonomic responses: listening to emotionally touching music enhances facial memory capacity ▶     C.A. Alice Mado Proverbio, Valentina Lozano Nasi, Laura Alessandra Arcari et al.     The aim of this study was to investigate how background auditory processing can affect other perceptual and cognitive processes as a function of stimulus content, style and …             Antroquinonol Lowers Brain Amyloid-β Levels and Improves Spatial Learning and Memory in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Wen-Han Chang, Miles C. Chen, Irene H. Cheng     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The deposition of brain amyloid-β peptides (Aβ), which are cleaved from amyloid precursor protein (APP), is one of …             Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis Reveals the Enterovirus D68 Isolates during the United States 2014 Outbreak Mainly Belong to a Novel Clade ▶     Weihua Huang, Guiqing Wang, Jian Zhuge et al.     In the late summer and the fall of 2014, the United States experienced an unprecedented outbreak of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections. During the outbreak, we collected …             Bt rice does not disrupt the host-searching behavior of the parasitoid Cotesia chilonis ▶     Qingsong Liu, Jörg Romeis, Huilin Yu et al.     We determined whether plant volatiles help explain why Cotesia chilonis (a parasitoid of the target pest Chilo suppressalis) is less abundant in Bt than in non-Bt rice fields. …             Identification of disulfide cross-linked tau dimer responsible for tau propagation ▶     Dohee Kim, Sungsu Lim, Md. Mamunul Haque et al.     Recent evidence suggests that tau aggregates are not only neurotoxic, but also propagate in neurons acting as a seed for native tau aggregation. Prion-like tau transmission is …             A dark green fluorescent protein as an acceptor for measurement of Förster resonance energy transfer ▶     Hideji Murakoshi, Akihiro C. E. Shibata, Yoshihisa Nakahata et al.     Measurement of Förster resonance energy transfer by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM-FRET) is a powerful method for visualization of intracellular signaling …             The asymmetry of telomere replication contributes to replicative senescence heterogeneity ▶     Thibault Bourgeron, Zhou Xu, Marie Doumic et al.     In eukaryotes, the absence of telomerase results in telomere shortening, eventually leading to replicative senescence, an arrested state that prevents further cell divisions. …             Distinct growth of the nasomaxillary complex in Au. sediba ▶     Rodrigo S. Lacruz, Timothy G. Bromage, Paul O’Higgins et al.     Studies of facial ontogeny in immature hominins have contributed significantly to understanding the evolution of human growth and development. The recently discovered hominin …             Tetrathiomolybdate inhibits mitochondrial complex IV and mediates degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in cancer cells ▶     Kyu Kwang Kim, Sarah Abelman, Naohiro Yano et al.     Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor that triggers adaptive responses upon low oxygen conditions and plays a crucial role in cancer metabolism and …             Structural Characterisation of the Beta-Ketoacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Synthases, FabF and FabH, of Yersinia pestis ▶     Jeffrey D. Nanson, Zainab Himiari, Crystall M. D. Swarbrick et al.     Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of bubonic, pneumonic, and septicaemic plague, remains a major public health threat, with outbreaks of disease occurring in China, …             A morphological investigation of sexual and lateral dimorphism in the developing metanephric kidney ▶     Kieran M. Short, Ian M. Smyth     Sexual dimorphism is a prominent feature of renal physiology and as a consequence, it differentially affects predisposition to many adult kidney diseases. Furthermore the left …             Distinct microbiological signatures associated with triple negative breast cancer ▶     Sagarika Banerjee, Zhi Wei, Fei Tan et al.     Infectious agents are the third highest human cancer risk factor and may have a greater role in the origin and/or progression of cancers, and related pathogenesis. Thus, knowing …             Identification of novel sRNAs involved in biofilm formation, motility, and fimbriae formation in Escherichia coli ▶     Geunu Bak, Jungmin Lee, Shinae Suk et al.     Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are known regulators in many physiological processes. In Escherichia coli, a large number of sRNAs have been predicted, among which only about a …             Characterization of AnNce102 and its role in eisosome stability and sphingolipid biosynthesis ▶     Alexandros Athanasopoulos, Christos Gournas, Sotiris Amillis et al.     The plasma membrane is implicated in a variety of functions, whose coordination necessitates highly dynamic organization of its constituents into domains of distinct protein and …             Crystal structural basis for Rv0315, an immunostimulatory antigen and inactive beta-1,3-glucanase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Wanyu Dong, Junhua Huang, Yanan Li et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, as two billion people are latently infected with Mtb. To address Mtb drug …             Co-activator binding protein PIMT mediates TNF-α induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle via the transcriptional down-regulation of MEF2A and GLUT4 ▶     Vasundhara Kain, Bandish Kapadia, Navin Viswakarma et al.     The mechanisms underlying inflammation induced insulin resistance are poorly understood. Here, we report that the expression of PIMT, a transcriptional co-activator binding …             Xenon Blocks Neuronal Injury Associated with Decompression ▶     Jean-Eric Blatteau, Hélène N. David, Nicolas Vallée et al.     Despite state-of-the-art hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment, about 30% of patients suffering neurologic decompression sickness (DCS) exhibit incomplete recovery. Since the …             A regulatory loop containing miR-26a, GSK3β and C/EBPα regulates the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Zi Wang, Qing Xie, Zhang Yu et al.     Elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for osteogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) will provide deeper insights into the regulatory …             Expression profiling of lymph nodes in tuberculosis patients reveal inflammatory milieu at site of infection ▶     Abhijit Maji, Richa Misra, Anupam Kumar Mondal et al.     Extrapulmonary manifestations constitute 15 to 20% of tuberculosis cases, with lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) as the most common form of infection. However, diagnosis and …             The effect of enamel proteins on erosion ▶     T. Baumann, T. S. Carvalho, A. Lussi     Enamel proteins form a scaffold for growing hydroxyapatite crystals during enamel formation. They are then almost completely degraded during enamel maturation, resulting in a …             Divergent endometrial inflammatory cytokine expression at peri-implantation period and after the stimulation by copper intrauterine device ▶     Chia-Hung Chou, Shee-Uan Chen, Chia-Tung Shun et al.     Endometrial inflammation has contradictory effects. The one occurring at peri-implantation period is favourable for embryo implantation, whereas the other occurring after the …             A novel immunofluorescent assay to investigate oxidative phosphorylation deficiency in mitochondrial myopathy: understanding mechanisms and improving diagnosis ▶     Mariana C. Rocha, John P. Grady, Anne Grünewald et al.     Oxidative phosphorylation defects in human tissues are often challenging to quantify due to a mosaic pattern of deficiency. Biochemical assays are difficult to interpret due to …             Using AIE Luminogen for Long-term and Low-background Three-Photon Microscopic Functional Bioimaging ▶     Zhenfeng Zhu, Chris W. T. Leung, Xinyuan Zhao et al.     Fluorescent probes are one of the most popularly used bioimaging markers to monitor metabolic processes of living cells. However, long-term light excitation always leads to …             Dysfunctional Default Mode Network in Methadone Treated Patients Who Have a Higher Heroin Relapse Risk ▶     Wei Li, Qiang Li, Defeng Wang et al.     The purpose of this study was to identify whether heroin relapse is associated with changes in the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) during methadone …             An in vitro assessment of liposomal topotecan simulating metronomic chemotherapy in combination with radiation in tumor-endothelial spheroids ▶     Amar Jyoti, Kyle D. Fugit, Pallavi Sethi et al.     Low dose metronomic chemotherapy (LDMC) refers to prolonged administration of low dose chemotherapy designed to minimize toxicity and target the tumor endothelium, causing tumor …             The no-SCAR (Scarless Cas9 Assisted Recombineering) system for genome editing in Escherichia coli ▶     Chris R. Reisch, Kristala L. J. Prather     Genome engineering methods in E. coli allow for easy to perform manipulations of the chromosome in vivo with the assistance of the λ-Red recombinase system. These methods …             How astrocyte networks may contribute to cerebral metabolite clearance ▶     Mahdi Asgari, Diane de Zélicourt, Vartan Kurtcuoglu     The brain possesses an intricate network of interconnected fluid pathways that are vital to the maintenance of its homeostasis. With diffusion being the main mode of solute …             Generation of three-dimensional multiple spheroid model of olfactory ensheathing cells using floating liquid marbles ▶     Raja K. Vadivelu, Chin H. Ooi, Rebecca-Qing Yao et al.     We describe a novel protocol for three-dimensional culturing of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which can be used to understand how OECs interact with other cells in three …             Real time unsupervised learning of visual stimuli in neuromorphic VLSI systems ▶     Massimiliano Giulioni, Federico Corradi, Vittorio Dante et al.     Neuromorphic chips embody computational principles operating in the nervous system, into microelectronic devices. In this domain it is important to identify computational …             E2 superfamily of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes: constitutively active or activated through phosphorylation in the catalytic cleft ▶     Ilaria Valimberti, Matteo Tiberti, Matteo Lambrughi et al.     Protein phosphorylation is a modification that offers a dynamic and reversible mechanism to regulate the majority of cellular processes. Numerous diseases are associated with …             RelB activation in anti-inflammatory decidual endothelial cells: a master plan to avoid pregnancy failure? ▶     Elisa Masat, Chiara Gasparini, Chiara Agostinis et al.     It is known that excessive inflammation at fetal-maternal interface is a key contributor in a compromised pregnancy. Female genital tract is constantly in contact with …             Trapping toxins within lipid droplets is a resistance mechanism in fungi ▶     Wenqiang Chang, Ming Zhang, Sha Zheng et al.     Lipid droplets (LDs) act as intracellular storage organelles in most types of cells and are principally involved in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. However, the role of …             Diversity and distribution of lichen-associated fungi in the Ny-Ålesund Region (Svalbard, High Arctic) as revealed by 454 pyrosequencing ▶     Tao Zhang, Xin-Li Wei, Yu-Qin Zhang et al.     This study assessed the diversity and distribution of fungal communities associated with seven lichen species in the Ny-Ålesund Region (Svalbard, High Arctic) using Roche 454 …             Efficient amplification of self-gelling polypod-like structured DNA by rolling circle amplification and enzymatic digestion ▶     Tomoya Yata, Yuki Takahashi, Mengmeng Tan et al.     The application of DNA as a functional material such as DNA hydrogel has attracted much attention. Despite an increasing interest, the high cost of DNA synthesis is a limiting …             Determining the N-terminal orientations of recombinant transmembrane proteins in the Escherichia coli plasma membrane ▶     Chien-Hsien Lee, Chia-Cheng Chou, Min-Feng Hsu et al.     In silico algorithms have been the common approach for transmembrane (TM) protein topology prediction. However, computational tools may produce questionable results and …             Comparison of the functional features of the pump organs of Anopheles sinensis and Aedes togoi ▶     Young-Ran Ha, Seung-Chul Lee, Seung-Jun Seo et al.     Mosquitoes act as vectors for severe tropical diseases. Mosquito-borne diseases are affected by various factors such as environmental conditions, host body susceptibility, and …             Meat, dairy and plant proteins alter bacterial composition of rat gut bacteria ▶     Yingying Zhu, Xisha Lin, Fan Zhao et al.     Long-term consumption of red meat has been considered a potential risk to gut health, but this is based on clinic investigations, excessive intake of fat, heme and some injurious …             Quantitative assessment of common genetic variations in HLA-DP with hepatitis B virus infection, clearance and hepatocellular carcinoma development ▶     Lei Yu, Yi-ju Cheng, Ming-liang Cheng et al.     Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the predominant risk factor for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, genome-wide …             Three-dimensional super-resolution protein localization correlated with vitrified cellular context ▶     Bei Liu, Yanhong Xue, Wei Zhao et al.     We demonstrate the use of cryogenic super-resolution correlative light and electron microscopy (csCLEM) to precisely determine the spatial relationship between proteins and their …             The 9p21.3 risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is explained by a rare high-impact variant in CDKN2A ▶     Jayaram Vijayakrishnan, Marc Henrion, Anthony V. Moorman et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided strong evidence for inherited predisposition to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) identifying a number of risk …             Phylogenetic and genomic diversity in isolates from the globally distributed Acinetobacter baumannii ST25 lineage ▶     Jason W. Sahl, Mariateresa Del Franco, Spyros Pournaras et al.     Acinetobacter baumannii is a globally distributed nosocomial pathogen that has gained interest due to its resistance to most currently used antimicrobials. Whole genome …             Stimulation of Toll-Like Receptors profoundly influences the titer of polyreactive antibodies in the circulation ▶     Sreenivasulu Gunti, Ronald J. Messer, Chengfu Xu et al.     Polyreactive antibodies are a major component of the natural antibody repertoire and bind to a variety of structurally unrelated molecules. These antibodies are thought to …             Bacterial growth, detachment and cell size control on polyethylene terephthalate surfaces ▶     Liyun Wang, Daming Fan, Wei Chen et al.     In medicine and food industry, bacterial colonisation on surfaces is a common cause of infections and severe illnesses. However, the detailed quantitative information about the …             Molecular difference between WASP and N-WASP critical for chemotaxis of T-cells towards SDF-1α ▶     Neeraj Jain, Thirumaran Thanabalu     Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP) integrates cell signaling pathways to the actin cytoskeleton, which play a critical role in T-cell activation and migration. Hematopoietic …             Adeno-associated-virus-mediated transduction of the mammary gland enables sustained production of recombinant proteins in milk ▶     Stefan Wagner, Rosemary Thresher, Ross Bland et al.     Biopharming for the production of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins in the mammary gland of transgenic animals is an attractive but laborious alternative compared to mammalian …             Controllable degradation kinetics of POSS nanoparticle-integrated poly(ε-caprolactone urea)urethane elastomers for tissue engineering applications ▶     Lara Yildirimer, Asma Buanz, Simon Gaisford et al.     Biodegradable elastomers are a popular choice for tissue engineering scaffolds, particularly in mechanically challenging settings (e.g. the skin). As the optimal rate of scaffold …             Lipids assist the membrane insertion of a BAM-independent outer membrane protein ▶     Gerard H. M. Huysmans, Ingrid Guilvout, Mohamed Chami et al.     Like several other large, multimeric bacterial outer membrane proteins (OMPs), the assembly of the Klebsiella oxytoca OMP PulD does not rely on the universally conserved β-barrel …             Enhanced regeneration and functional recovery after spinal root avulsion by manipulation of the proteoglycan receptor PTPσ ▶     Heng Li, Connie Wong, Wen Li et al.     Following root avulsion, spinal nerves are physically disconnected from the spinal cord. Severe motoneuron death and inefficient axon regeneration often result in devastating …             The Hepatitis E virus intraviral interactome ▶     Andreas Osterman, Thorsten Stellberger, Anna Gebhardt et al.     Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging virus causing epidemic acute hepatitis in developing countries as well as sporadic cases in industrialized countries. The life cycle of HEV …             Epigenetic silencing of the MUPCDH gene as a possible prognostic biomarker for cyst growth in ADPKD ▶     Yu Mi Woo, Yubin Shin, Jung-Ah Hwang et al.     Although autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disease, and is characterized by the formation of multiple fluid-filled cysts, which results in …             Progressive structural changes of Avicel, bleached softwood, and bacterial cellulose during enzymatic hydrolysis ▶     Kabindra Kafle, Heenae Shin, Christopher M. Lee et al.     A comprehensive picture of structural changes of cellulosic biomass during enzymatic hydrolysis is essential for a better understanding of enzymatic actions and development of …             On-chip Extraction of Intracellular Molecules in White Blood Cells from Whole Blood ▶     Jongchan Choi, Ji-chul Hyun, Sung Yang     The extraction of virological markers in white blood cells (WBCs) from whole blood—without reagents, electricity, or instruments—is the most important first step for diagnostic …             Intraperitoneal Administration of a Novel TAT-BDNF Peptide Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments via Modulating Multiple Pathways in Two Alzheimer’s Rodent Models ▶     Yuanyuan Wu, Xiaobin Luo, Xinhua Liu et al.     Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been reported for more than 100 years, there is still a lack of effective cures for this devastating disorder. Among the various obstacles …             The Expression of c-Myb Correlates with the Levels of Rhabdomyosarcoma-specific Marker Myogenin ▶     Petr Kaspar, Martina Zikova, Petr Bartunek et al.     The transcription factor c-Myb is required for modulation of progenitor cells in several tissues, including skeletal muscle and its upregulation is observed in many human …             Amino Acid Carbamates As Prodrugs Of Resveratrol ▶     Andrea Mattarei, Michele Azzolini, Martina La Spina et al.     Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a plant polyphenol, has important drug-like properties, but its pharmacological exploitation in vivo is hindered by its rapid …             Evaluating the Role of Microbial Internal Storage Turnover on Nitrous Oxide Accumulation During Denitrification ▶     Yiwen Liu, Lai Peng, Jianhua Guo et al.     Biological wastewater treatment processes under a dynamic regime with respect to carbon substrate can result in microbial storage of internal polymers (e.g., polyhydroxybutyrate …             Electrochemical scaffold generates localized, low concentration of hydrogen peroxide that inhibits bacterial pathogens and biofilms ▶     Sujala T. Sultana, Erhan Atci, Jerome T. Babauta et al.     We hypothesized that low concentrations of H2O2 could be generated through the electrochemical conversion of oxygen by applying an electric potential to a conductive scaffold and …             Neurotoxic Methamphetamine Doses Increase LINE-1 Expression in the Neurogenic Zones of the Adult Rat Brain ▶     Anna Moszczynska, Amanda Flack, Ping Qiu et al.     Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused psychostimulant with the potential to cause neurotoxicity in the striatum and hippocampus. Several epigenetic changes have been …             An improved method for detecting circulating microRNAs with S-Poly(T) Plus real-time PCR ▶     Yanqin Niu, Limin Zhang, Huiling Qiu et al.     We herein describe a simple, sensitive and specific method for analysis of circulating microRNAs (miRNA), termed S-Poly(T) Plus real-time PCR assay. This new method is based on …             Co-infections and transmission networks of HCV, HIV-1 and HPgV among people who inject drugs ▶     Kim Tien Ng, Yutaka Takebe, Jack Bee Chook et al.     Co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human pegivirus (HPgV) are common in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals. However, analysis on the …             Determining Associations between Human Diseases and non-coding RNAs with Critical Roles in Network Control ▶     Haruna Kagami, Tatsuya Akutsu, Shingo Maegawa et al.     Deciphering the association between life molecules and human diseases is currently an important task in systems biology. Research over the past decade has unveiled that the human …             Corrigendum: Manipulating the banana rhizosphere microbiome for biological control of Panama disease ▶     Chao Xue, C. Ryan Penton, Zongzhuan Shen et al.                 Multiple origins of BBCC allopolyploid species in the rice genus (Oryza) ▶     Xin-Hui Zou, Yu-Su Du, Liang Tang et al.     In the rice genus (Oryza), about one half of the species are allopolyploids. These species are not only important resources for rice breeding but also provide a unique …             Activation of Vago by interferon regulatory factor (IRF) suggests an interferon system-like antiviral mechanism in shrimp ▶     Chaozheng Li, Haoyang Li, Yixiao Chen et al.     There is a debate on whether invertebrates possess an antiviral immunity similar to the interferon (IFN) system of vertebrates. The Vago gene from arthropods encodes a …             Experimental verification and molecular basis of active immunization against fungal pathogens in termites ▶     Long Liu, Ganghua Li, Pengdong Sun et al.     Termites are constantly exposed to many pathogens when they nest and forage in the field, so they employ various immune strategies to defend against pathogenic infections. Here, …             Evidence of fatal skeletal injuries on Malapa Hominins 1 and 2 ▶     Ericka N. L’Abbé, Steven A. Symes, James T. Pokines et al.     Malapa is one of the richest early hominin sites in Africa and the discovery site of the hominin species, Australopithecus sediba. The holotype and paratype (Malapa Hominin 1 and …             Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor signaling promotes culture expansion of undifferentiated human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells ▶     Shanti Gurung, Jerome A. Werkmeister, Caroline E. Gargett     Human endometrial MSC (eMSC) are a novel source of MSC easily harvested from the highly regenerative uterine lining. We have developed protocols for eMSC isolation from single …             A reactive oxygen species activation mechanism contributes to JS-K-induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells ▶     Mingning Qiu, Lieqian Chen, Guobin Tan et al.     Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidant stress are regulators of cancer cells. The alteration of redox status, which is induced by increased generation of ROS, results …             Characterization of spatio-temporal epidural event-related potentials for mouse models of psychiatric disorders ▶     Xin Wang, António Pinto-Duarte, M. Margarita Behrens et al.     Distinctive features in sensory event-related potentials (ERPs) are endophenotypic biomarkers of psychiatric disorders, widely studied using electroencephalographic (EEG) methods …             Functional microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes in granulosa cells from women with polycystic ovary syndrome related to MAPK/ERK signaling ▶     Chen-Wei Lan, Mei-Jou Chen, Kang-Yu Tai et al.     Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Although its aetiology and pathogenesis remain unclear, recent studies …             Sequence-specific RNA Photocleavage by Single-stranded DNA in Presence of Riboflavin ▶     Yongyun Zhao, Gangyi Chen, Yi Yuan et al.     Constant efforts have been made to develop new method to realize sequence-specific RNA degradation, which could cause inhibition of the expression of targeted gene. Herein, by …             The role of miR-19b in the inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis and its relationship with coronary artery disease ▶     Yong Tang, Ya-chen Zhang, Yu Chen et al.     The biological effects of microRNAs (miRNAs) and TNF-α in atherosclerosis have been widely studied. The circulating miR-17-92 cluster has been recently shown to be significantly …             A simple bridging flocculation assay for rapid, sensitive and stringent detection of gene specific DNA methylation ▶     Eugene J. H. Wee, Thu Ha Ngo, Matt Trau     The challenge of bringing DNA methylation biomarkers into clinic is the lack of simple methodologies as most current assays have been developed for research purposes. To address …             Four novel algal virus genomes discovered from Yellowstone Lake metagenomes ▶     Weijia Zhang, Jinglie Zhou, Taigang Liu et al.     Phycodnaviruses are algae-infecting large dsDNA viruses that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. Here, partial genomic sequences of four novel algal viruses were …             The first two cell-fate decisions of preimplantation mouse embryo development are not functionally independent ▶     Aleksandar I. Mihajlović, Vasanth Thamodaran, Alexander W. Bruce     During mouse preimplantation embryo development, three distinct cell lineages are formed, represented by the differentiating trophectoderm (TE), primitive endoderm (PrE) and the …             The folate-coupled enzyme MTHFD2 is a nuclear protein and promotes cell proliferation ▶     Nina Gustafsson Sheppard, Lisa Jarl, Diana Mahadessian et al.     Folate metabolism is central to cell proliferation and a target of commonly used cancer chemotherapeutics. In particular, the mitochondrial folate-coupled metabolism is thought …             Characterization of plasma protein binding dissociation with online SPE-HPLC ▶     Ping Li, Yiran Fan, Yunlong Wang et al.     A novel parameter of relative recovery (Rre) was defined and determined by online SPE-HPLC to characterize plasma protein binding (PPB) kinetics of highly plasma binding drugs. …             Cyanobacterial Alkanes Modulate Photosynthetic Cyclic Electron Flow to Assist Growth under Cold Stress ▶     Bertram M. Berla, Rajib Saha, Costas D. Maranas et al.     All cyanobacterial membranes contain diesel-range C15-C19 hydrocarbons at concentrations similar to chlorophyll. Recently, two universal but mutually exclusive hydrocarbon …             Direct cloning and heterologous expression of the salinomycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces albus DSM41398 in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) ▶     Jia Yin, Michael Hoffmann, Xiaoying Bian et al.     Linear plus linear homologous recombination-mediated recombineering (LLHR) is ideal for obtaining natural product biosynthetic gene clusters from pre-digested bacterial genomic …             Coevolution Pattern and Functional Conservation or Divergence of miR167s and their targets across Diverse Plant Species ▶     Suvakanta Barik, Ashutosh Kumar, Shabari Sarkar Das et al.     microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenously produced small non-coding RNAs of 20–21 nt length, processed from precursor miRNAs, regulate many developmental processes by …             Drought susceptibility of modern rice varieties: an effect of linkage of drought tolerance with undesirable traits ▶     Prashant Vikram, B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy, Shalabh Dixit et al.     Green Revolution (GR) rice varieties are high yielding but typically drought sensitive. This is partly due to the tight linkage between the loci governing plant height and …             Structural basis for recognition of Emi2 by Polo-like kinase 1 and development of peptidomimetics blocking oocyte maturation and fertilization ▶     Jia-Lin Jia, Young-Hyun Han, Hak-Cheol Kim et al.     In a mammalian oocyte, completion of meiosis is suspended until fertilization by a sperm, and the cell cycle is arrested by a biochemical activity called cytostatic factor (CSF). …             Label-free Quantitative Analysis of Changes in Broiler Liver Proteins under Heat Stress using SWATH-MS Technology ▶     Xiangfang Tang, Qingshi Meng, Jie Gao et al.     High temperature is one of the key environmental stressors affecting broiler production efficiency and meat yield. Knowledge of broiler self-regulation mechanisms under heat …             Bursts of Bipolar Microsecond Pulses Inhibit Tumor Growth ▶     Michael B. Sano, Christopher B. Arena, Katelyn R. Bittleman et al.     Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging focal therapy which is demonstrating utility in the treatment of unresectable tumors where thermal ablation techniques are …             Prioritization Of Nonsynonymous Single Nucleotide Variants For Exome Sequencing Studies Via Integrative Learning On Multiple Genomic Data ▶     Mengmeng Wu, Jiaxin Wu, Ting Chen et al.     The rapid advancement of next generation sequencing technology has greatly accelerated the progress for understanding human inherited diseases via such innovations as exome …             TAK1 inhibition prevents the development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice ▶     Hui Cao, Jingli Lu, Jiao Du et al.     Transforming growth factor-β activated kinase-1 (TAK1, Map3k7), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, is essential in innate and adaptive …             Junb controls lymphatic vascular development in zebrafish via miR-182 ▶     Kristin Kiesow, Katrin Bennewitz, Laura Gutierrez Miranda et al.     JUNB, a subunit of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, mediates gene regulation in response to a plethora of extracellular stimuli. Previously, JUNB was shown to act as a …             Three plasma metabolite signatures for diagnosing high altitude pulmonary edema ▶     Li Guo, Guangguo Tan, Ping Liu et al.     High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a potentially fatal condition, occurring at altitudes greater than 3,000 m and affecting rapidly ascending, non-acclimatized healthy …             Neonicotinoid pesticides severely affect honey bee queens ▶     Geoffrey R. Williams, Aline Troxler, Gina Retschnig et al.     Queen health is crucial to colony survival of social bees. Recently, queen failure has been proposed to be a major driver of managed honey bee colony losses, yet few data exist …             Comparison of efficacy and safety of conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy by the transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal procedure ▶     Cao De Hong, Liu Liang Ren, Wei Qiang et al.     Worldwide, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy in males. We undertook a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of conventional laparoscopic …             Computational analysis of stochastic heterogeneity in PCR amplification efficiency revealed by single molecule barcoding ▶     Katharine Best, Theres Oakes, James M. Heather et al.     The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology. In combination with High Throughput Sequencing (HTS), PCR is widely used to …             Rapid DNA detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-towards single cell sensitivity in point-of-care diagnosis ▶     Benjamin Y.C. Ng, Eugene J.H. Wee, Nicholas P. West et al.     Although there have been many recent advances in Tuberculosis (TB) detection technologies, there still remains a major need to develop simpler point-of-care techniques. In an …             The eQTL-missense polymorphisms of APOBEC3H are associated with lung cancer risk in a Han Chinese population ▶     Meng Zhu, Yuzhuo Wang, Cheng Wang et al.     APOBEC (Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like) enzymes may involve in mutagenic processes in multiple cancer types, including lung cancer. APOBEC …             SPP2 Mutations Cause Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa ▶     Yuan Liu, Xue Chen, Qihua Xu et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) shows progressive loss of photoreceptors involved with heterogeneous genetic background. Here, by exome sequencing and linkage analysis on a Chinese …             Sensitive Determination of Onco-metabolites of D- and L-2-hydroxyglutarate Enantiomers by Chiral Derivatization Combined with Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analysis ▶     Qing-Yun Cheng, Jun Xiong, Wei Huang et al.     2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is a potent competitor of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and can inhibit multiple α-KG dependent dioxygenases that function on the epigenetic modifications. The …             Cobalt-Porphyrin-Platinum-Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanostructures: A Novel Peroxidase Mimetic System For Improved Electrochemical Immunoassay ▶     Jian Shu, Zhenli Qiu, Qiaohua Wei et al.     5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine cobalt flat stacking on the reduced graphene oxide with platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs/CoTPP/rGO) were first synthesized and functionalized …             Extracellular microvesicles and invadopodia mediate non-overlapping modes of tumor cell invasion ▶     Alanna E. Sedgwick, James W. Clancy, M. Olivia Balmert et al.     Tumor cell invasion requires the molecular and physical adaptation of both the cell and its microenvironment. Here we show that tumor cells are able to switch between the use of …             Neuroleukin/Autocrine Motility Factor Receptor Pathway Promotes Proliferation of Articular Chondrocytes through Activation of AKT and Smad2/3 ▶     Kang Tian, Weiliang Zhong, Xifu Zheng et al.     Cartilage defect is an intractable clinical problem. Therapeutic strategies for cartilage repair are far from optimal due to poor proliferation capacity of chondrocytes. …             Unconjugated Bilirubin exerts Pro-Apoptotic Effect on Platelets via p38-MAPK activation ▶     Somanathapura K. NaveenKumar, Ram M. Thushara, Mahalingam S. Sundaram et al.     Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequently observed secondary complications in many pathological conditions including liver diseases, where hyperbilirubinemia is very common. …                 Nature Reviews Neuroscience  FREE POSTER - Cell-reprogramming technology and neuroscience This Poster illustrates the principles through which cell-reprogramming technology can be used to generate distinct types of neural cells and outlines the most promising applications of these cells in neuroscientific research. 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