Nature Physics October Issue

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Advertisement AIMResearch - Highlighting research from the Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR) in Japan, which promotes mathematics-materials science collaboration  Latest highlight: Computer memory: Ultrafast switches reveal a hidden nature In the spotlight: International workshop: Strengthening partnerships across continents Register today for monthly email alerts! TABLE OF CONTENTS October 2015 Volume 11, Issue 10 Editorial Correction Perspective Thesis Feature Research Highlights News and Views Letters Articles Corrigendum Errata Futures Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Open for Submissions A new open access, online-only, multidisciplinary research journal dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in the life sciences, physical sciences, and engineering fields that are facilitated by spaceflight and analogue platforms. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article: http://bit.ly/1olVyvc   Editorial Top Ten   pp789 - 790 doi:10.1038/nphys3516 Looking back at a decade of Nature Physics. Correction Top Correction   p790 doi:10.1038/nphys3495 Perspective Top A century of physics   pp791 - 796 Roberta Sinatra, Pierre Deville, Michael Szell, Dashun Wang and Albert-László Barabási doi:10.1038/nphys3494 An analysis of Web of Science data spanning more than 100 years reveals the rapid growth and increasing multidisciplinarity of physics — as well its internal map of subdisciplines. Thesis Top Depths of learning   p798 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys3504 Feature Top Top 10 physics discoveries of the last 10 years   p799 Jorge Cham doi:10.1038/nphys3500 Jorge Cham reflects on the most important physics discoveries of the past decade. Research Highlights Top Attosecond pulses: Vortex mixer | Magnetic materials: Skyrme meets Néel | Intermediate-mass stars: Our nearest solar system | Solar cells: Kirigami tracking | Elasticity: Knot so simple News and Views Top Ultracold atoms: Feel the gauge   pp801 - 802 Tomoki Ozawa doi:10.1038/nphys3447 For ultracold atoms experiencing a synthetic magnetic field in an optical lattice, it is possible to observe the translational symmetry-breaking pattern determined by the chosen gauge. See also: Article by Kennedy et al. Soft matter: Brittle for breakfast   pp802 - 803 Nicolas Vandewalle doi:10.1038/nphys3455 Crushing a brittle porous medium such as a box of cereal causes the grains to break up and rearrange themselves. A lattice spring model based on simple physical assumptions gives rise to behaviours that are complex enough to reproduce diverse compaction patterns. See also: Letter by Guillard et al. Self-organization: Two's company, three's a crowd   pp803 - 804 Shahid M. Khan and Justin E. Molloy doi:10.1038/nphys3448 Real-time tracking of self-propelled biomolecules provides insight into the physical rules governing self-organization in complex living systems — including evidence to suggest that their alignment requires multiple simultaneous interactions. See also: Letter by Suzuki et al. Jacob Bekenstein: Quantum gravity pioneer   p805 Jonathan Oppenheim doi:10.1038/nphys3499 Nonlinear optics: A matter of gravity   pp806 - 807 Daniele Faccio doi:10.1038/nphys3480 Nonlocal, nonlinear interactions of optical beams can be described by the Newton-Schrödinger equation for quantum gravity, offering an analogue for studying gravitational phenomena. See also: Article by Bekenstein et al. Statistical physics: Universal exploration   pp807 - 808 Eli Barkai doi:10.1038/nphys3445 We're well versed on the first-passage time for a random process, but the time required to cover more than one site in a system is a different problem altogether. It turns out that the two measures have more in common than we thought. See also: Letter by Chupeau et al. Ten years of Nature Physics: Numerical models come of age   pp808 - 810 E. Gull and A. J. Millis doi:10.1038/nphys3501 When Nature Physics celebrated 20 years of high-temperature superconductors, numerical approaches were on the periphery. Since then, new ideas implemented in new algorithms are leading to new insights. Physics JOBS of the week Assistant Professor in Physics with an Emphasis in Observational High-Energy Astrophysics The George Washington University Post doctoral fellowships in experimental physics INFN W3-Full Professorship of Experimental Physics Universität Konstanz Physics Senior Scientist (Scientist 3 / 4) Los Alamos National Laboratory Assistant Professor in Theoretical Particle- Astrophysics Physics Washington University in St. Louis More Science jobs from Physics EVENT Satellite Meeting: University Physics in Light of Maxwell's Equations 18th Nov - 19th Nov 2015 Newport Pagnell, UK More science events from Letters Top Precision measurement of the mass difference between light nuclei and anti-nuclei OPEN   pp811 - 814 ALICE Collaboration doi:10.1038/nphys3432 The abundant production of (anti-)nuclei in relativistic heavy-ion collisions provides a platform to test the CPT invariance of nucleon-nucleon interactions—offering the highest precision measurement to date in the light-nuclei sector. Attosecond tunnelling interferometry   pp815 - 819 O. Pedatzur, G. Orenstein, V. Serbinenko, H. Soifer, B. D. Bruner et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3436 An interferometric measurement based on high-harmonic generation now provides direct access to the electron wavefunction during field-induced tunnelling. Strong mechanical driving of a single electron spin   pp820 - 824 A. Barfuss, J. Teissier, E. Neu, A. Nunnenkamp and P. Maletinsky doi:10.1038/nphys3411 The efficient and robust manipulation of single spins is an essential requirement for successful quantum devices. The manipulation of a single nitrogen-vacancy spin centre is now demonstrated by means of a mechanical resonator approach. Linear relation between Heisenberg exchange and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in metal films   pp825 - 829 Hans T. Nembach, Justin M. Shaw, Mathias Weiler, Emilie Jué and Thomas J. Silva doi:10.1038/nphys3418 The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange induces a range of chiral phenomena in spintronic systems. Experiments now confirm that this interaction is proportional to the Heisenberg exchange, reflecting their common origins despite their opposite symmetries. Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2   pp830 - 834 Luyi Yang, Nikolai A. Sinitsyn, Weibing Chen, Jiangtan Yuan, Jing Zhang et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3419 A range of semiconductors can host both spin and valley polarizations. Optical experiments on single layers of transition metal dichalcogenides now show that inter-valley scattering can accelerate spin relaxation. Dynamic patterns of compaction in brittle porous media   pp835 - 838 François Guillard, Pouya Golshan, Luming Shen, Julio R. Valdes and Itai Einav doi:10.1038/nphys3424 When compacting a brittle porous medium—think stepping on fresh snow—patterns develop. Simulations and densification experiments with cereals now provide an understanding of compaction patterns in terms of a lattice model with breakable springs. See also: News and Views by Vandewalle Polar pattern formation in driven filament systems requires non-binary particle collisions   pp839 - 843 Ryo Suzuki, Christoph A. Weber, Erwin Frey and Andreas R. Bausch doi:10.1038/nphys3423 A simple system for studying self-organization in biology comprises driven actin filaments, thought to interact primarily via binary collisions. Angle-resolved statistics suggest that the transition to polar order is driven by multi-filament events. See also: News and Views by Khan & Molloy Cover times of random searches   pp844 - 847 Marie Chupeau, Olivier Bénichou and Raphaël Voituriez doi:10.1038/nphys3413 The first-passage time relates the efficiency of a search process, but fails to do so for searches in which several targets are sought. Now, the distribution of times required for a random search to visit all sites has been determined analytically. See also: News and Views by Barkai Network motifs emerge from interconnections that favour stability   pp848 - 852 Marco Tulio Angulo, Yang-Yu Liu and Jean-Jacques Slotine doi:10.1038/nphys3402 Small distinctive patterns or 'motifs’ are more prevalent in real systems than they are in randomly generated networks. It now seems that these motifs emerge naturally according to a principle that favours interconnections biased towards stability. Articles Top Operational formulation of time reversal in quantum theory   pp853 - 858 Ognyan Oreshkov and Nicolas J. Cerf doi:10.1038/nphys3414 A reformulation of quantum theory aims at reconciling transition probabilities with time reversal in connection to Wigner’s notion of symmetry, expanding the known classes of symmetry transformations. Observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in a strong synthetic magnetic field   pp859 - 864 Colin J. Kennedy, William Cody Burton, Woo Chang Chung and Wolfgang Ketterle doi:10.1038/nphys3421 The Bose-Einstein condensation of ultracold atoms in a strong synthetic magnetic field in a cubic lattice realizes the Harper-Hofstadter model used in the study of topological states of matter. See also: News and Views by Ozawa Itinerant density wave instabilities at classical and quantum critical points   pp865 - 871 Yejun Feng, Jasper van Wezel, Jiyang Wang, Felix Flicker, D. M. Silevitch et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3416 A high-resolution X-ray diffraction study of chromium and niobium diselenide traces the evolution of the ordering wavevector in charge and spin density waves, respectively, as a function of temperature and applied pressure. Optical simulations of gravitational effects in the Newton-Schrödinger system   pp872 - 878 Rivka Bekenstein, Ran Schley, Maor Mutzafi, Carmel Rotschild and Mordechai Segev doi:10.1038/nphys3451 Interacting optical wavepackets in the presence of a thermal optical nonlinearity are described by the same mathematics as the gravitational self-interaction of quantum wavepackets, providing a way of emulating gravitational phenomena in the lab. See also: News and Views by Faccio Futures Top The golden pianist   p880 Lyssa L. Martin doi:10.1038/nphys3521 A song of freedom. Corrigendum Top Corrigendum: Broadband magnetometry and temperature sensing with a light-trapping diamond waveguide   p878 Hannah Clevenson, Matthew E. Trusheim, Carson Teale, Tim Schröder, Danielle Braje et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3488 Errata Top Erratum: Energy flow in quantum critical systems far from equilibrium   p879 M. J. Bhaseen, Benjamin Doyon, Andrew Lucas and Koenraad Schalm doi:10.1038/nphys3489 Erratum: Weyl semimetal phase in the non-centrosymmetric compound TaAs   p879 L. X. Yang, Z. K. Liu, Y. Sun, H. Peng, H. F. Yang et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3493 Top Advertisement Nature Energy: Call for Papers Launching in January 2016, Nature Energy is now open for submissions and inviting high-quality research from across the natural and social sciences. 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