Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 22 September 2015

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22 September 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Earth & Environmental Sciences               Earliest evidence of pollution by heavy metals in archaeological sites ▶     Guadalupe Monge, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Antonio García-Alix et al.     Homo species were exposed to a new biogeochemical environment when they began to occupy caves. Here we report the first evidence of palaeopollution through geochemical analyses …             Concentration variance decay during magma mixing: a volcanic chronometer ▶     Diego Perugini, Cristina P. De Campos, Maurizio Petrelli et al.     The mixing of magmas is a common phenomenon in explosive eruptions. Concentration variance is a useful metric of this process and its decay (CVD) with time is an inevitable …             A field experiment with elevated atmospheric CO2-mediated changes to C4 crop-herbivore interactions ▶     Haicui Xie, Kaiqiang Liu, Dandan Sun et al.     The effects of elevated CO2 (E-CO2) on maize and Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis, in open-top chambers were studied. The plants were infested with ACB and exposed to …             Spatiotemporal patterns of non-genetically modified crops in the era of expansion of genetically modified food ▶     Jing Sun, Wenbin Wu, Huajun Tang et al.     Despite heated debates over the safety of genetically modified (GM) food, GM crops have been expanding rapidly. Much research has focused on the expansion of GM crops. However, …             Fabrication of large size graphene and Ti- MWCNTs/ large size graphene composites: their photocatalytic properties and potential application ▶     Kefayat Ullah, Won-Chun Oh     Large size graphene (LSG) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on LSG were synthesized on a copper surface via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at low temperature and normal …             Adaptation pathways of global wheat production: Importance of strategic adaptation to climate change ▶     Akemi Tanaka, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Yuji Masutomi et al.     Agricultural adaptation is necessary to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on crop yields and to maintain food production. However, few studies have assessed the …             Formation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Secondary Copper Production Fly Ash: Mechanistic Aspects and Correlation to Other Persistent Organic Pollutants ▶     Xiaoxu Jiang, Guorui Liu, Mei Wang et al.     Emission of unintentionally formed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from industrial thermal processes is a global issue. Because the production and use of technical PCB mixtures …             Transport and retention of engineered Al2O3, TiO2, and SiO2 nanoparticles through various sedimentary rocks ▶     Ali Esfandyari Bayat, Radzuan Junin, Shahaboddin Shamshirband et al.     Engineered aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are utilized in a broad range of applications; causing noticeable …             Reconstruction of cropland cover changes in the Shandong Province over the past 300 years ▶     Yu Ye, Xueqiong Wei, Fan Li et al.     To advance global change rssearch, it is essential to reconstruct changes in historical cropland coverage on a regional scale in China. This paper presents data collected from …             Recovery trajectories of kelp forest animals are rapid yet spatially variable across a network of temperate marine protected areas ▶     Jennifer E. Caselle, Andrew Rassweiler, Scott L. Hamilton et al.     Oceans currently face a variety of threats, requiring ecosystem-based approaches to management such as networks of marine protected areas (MPAs). We evaluated changes in fish …             Tailoring the Synergistic Bronsted-Lewis acidic effects in Heteropolyacid catalysts: Applied in Esterification and Transesterification Reactions ▶     Meilin Tao, Lifang Xue, Zhong Sun et al.     In order to investigate the influences of Lewis metals on acidic properties and catalytic activities, a series of Keggin heteropolyacid (HPA) catalysts, HnPW11MO39 (M = TiIV, CuII…             High diversity and rapid diversification in the head louse, Pediculus humanus (Pediculidae: Phthiraptera) ▶     Muhammad Ashfaq, Sean Prosser, Saima Nasir et al.     The study analyzes sequence variation of two mitochondrial genes (COI, cytb) in Pediculus humanus from three countries (Egypt, Pakistan, South Africa) that have received little …             Early post-mortem formation of carbonate concretions around tusk-shells over week-month timescales ▶     Hidekazu Yoshida, Atsushi Ujihara, Masayo Minami et al.     Carbonate concretions occur in sedimentary rocks of widely varying geological ages throughout the world. Many of these concretions are isolated spheres, centered on fossils. The …             Animal movements in the Kenya Rift and evidence for the earliest ambush hunting by hominins ▶     Simon Kübler, Peter Owenga, Sally C. Reynolds et al.     Animal movements in the Kenya Rift Valley today are influenced by a combination of topography and trace nutrient distribution. These patterns would have been the same in the past …             Soil N retention and nitrate leaching in three types of dunes in the Mu Us desert of China ▶     Zhao Jin, Yajuan Zhu, Xiangru Li et al.     A large reservoir of soil nitrate in desert subsoil zones has been demonstrated in previous studies; however, information on the subsoil nitrate reservoir and its distribution …             Large difference in carbon emission – burial balances between boreal and arctic lakes ▶     E. J. Lundin, J. Klaminder, D. Bastviken et al.     Lakes play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle by burying C in sediments and emitting CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere. The strengths and control of these fundamentally …             Post-dispersal seed removal by ground-feeding rodents in tropical peatlands, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia ▶     Grace V. Blackham, Richard T. Corlett     Forested tropical peatlands in Southeast Asia are being rapidly converted to agriculture or degraded into non-forest vegetation. Although large areas have been abandoned, there …             Bioaccumulation and biological effects of cigarette litter in marine worms ▶     Stephanie L. Wright, Darren Rowe, Malcolm J. Reid et al.     Marine debris is a global environmental issue. 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