Nature Chemical Biology Contents: October 2015, Volume 11 No 10 pp 744 - 815

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TABLE OF CONTENTS October 2015 Volume 11, Issue 10 Commentaries Q&A Research Highlights News and Views Brief Communication Articles Corrigenda Erratum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Commentaries Top Searching for harmony in transition-metal signaling   pp744 - 747 Christopher J Chang doi:10.1038/nchembio.1913 The recent emergence of signaling roles for transition metals presages a broader contribution of these elements beyond their traditional functions as metabolic cofactors. New chemical approaches to identify the sources, targets and physiologies of transition-metal signaling can help expand understanding of the periodic table in a biological context. Host-directed drug therapy for tuberculosis   pp748 - 751 Reto Guler and Frank Brombacher doi:10.1038/nchembio.1917 Chemical compounds designed to enhance understanding of host-pathogen interaction together with next-generation 'smart drugs' will rationally drive the discovery of promising new host-directed targets against pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. Q&A Top Voices of chemical biology   pp752 - 753 doi:10.1038/nchembio.1919 We asked a collection of chemical biologists: "What do you value most about being part of the chemical biology community?" Research Highlights Top Plant development: Wave-up call | Nucleotide metabolism: Salvaging chemotherapy | Chemical ecology: Washing out worms | Antibiotic resistance: A minimal measurement | Riboswitches: Sound the alarm | Viral mechanisms: A route to the ER News and Views Top Metals: Calprotectin and iron match up   pp756 - 757 Guenter Weiss doi:10.1038/nchembio.1915 Iron availability plays a decisive role in host-pathogen interaction, and limitation of iron availability to microbes has been characterized as an effective host defense strategy. The identification of the iron-scavenging property of the neutrophil protein calprotectin adds an important new piece to this concept of nutritional immunity. Metabolism: Jump-starting CoA biosynthesis   pp757 - 758 Marianne de Villiers and Erick Strauss doi:10.1038/nchembio.1912 The essential metabolic cofactor coenzyme A was believed to be produced by biosynthesis from pantothenate in all eukaryotic cells. Rescue experiments in systems depleted of CoA have shown that a phosphorylated CoA biosynthetic intermediate can pass through eukaryotic membranes to serve as an alternative source. Small-molecule inhibitors: bULKing up mTOR inhibition   pp758 - 760 Jonathan M Goodwin and Leon O Murphy doi:10.1038/nchembio.1909 A new small-molecule inhibitor of the autophagy-initiating kinase ULK1 serves to block a critical survival mechanism activated upon inhibition of mTORC1, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy for mTOR inhibitors currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment. Metalloproteins: Simple structure, complex function   pp760 - 761 Angela Lombardi doi:10.1038/nchembio.1918 The four-helix bundle is a simple structural motif, widespread in nature, that is involved in numerous and fundamental processes. This portfolio is now expanded by the report of a four-helix bundle protein able to store copper for particulate methane monooxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes methane oxidation. Chemical Biology JOBS of the week Assistant Professor of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California San Diego Tenure-Track Faculty Position at the Rank of Assistant Professor Harvard University Faculty Members at All Academic Ranks Princeton University Faculty Positions at the Sloan Kettering Institute Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) More Science jobs from Chemical Biology EVENT State of the Brain 22-26 May 2016 Alpbach, Austria More science events from Brief Communication Top Monobody-mediated alteration of enzyme specificity   pp762 - 764 Shun-ichi Tanaka, Tetsuya Takahashi, Akiko Koide, Satoru Ishihara, Satoshi Koikeda et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1896 Enzyme engineering can yield changes in substrate specificity, but limited options exist when mutations are not causing the desired outcome. Selection of monobodies that bind near, but not at, a galactosidase active site now offers another avenue for altering product profiles. Articles Top Human calprotectin is an iron-sequestering host-defense protein   pp765 - 771 Toshiki G Nakashige, Bo Zhang, Carsten Krebs and Elizabeth M Nolan doi:10.1038/nchembio.1891 Calprotectin sequesters manganese and zinc from bacteria, preventing their growth. Spectroscopic and biological data show it also chelates iron with sub-picomolar affinity using a hexahistidine motif, establishing a new mechanism for its antibacterial activity. N-terminal domains mediate [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer from glutaredoxin-3 to anamorsin   pp772 - 778 Lucia Banci, Simone Ciofi-Baffoni, Karolina Gajda, Riccardo Muzzioli, Riccardo Peruzzini et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1892 Structural and biophysical evidence demonstrating that glutaredoxin-3 passes [2Fe-2S] clusters to anamorsin during a protein-protein interaction mediated by their N-terminal domains define the early steps of iron-sulfur cluster protein maturation. Structural insights into xenobiotic and inhibitor binding to human aldehyde oxidase   pp779 - 783 Catarina Coelho, Alessandro Foti, Tobias Hartmann, Teresa Santos-Silva, Silke Leimkuhler et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1895 Drug metabolism in humans is typically discussed in terms of P450 reactions, but growing evidence indicates aldehyde oxidase plays a central role as well. The first crystal structures of the human enzyme reveal a flexible tunnel to the active site and a new inhibitory site. Extracellular 4′-phosphopantetheine is a source for intracellular coenzyme A synthesis   pp784 - 792 Balaji Srinivasan, Madina Baratashvili, Marianne van der Zwaag, Bart Kanon, Cristina Colombelli et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1906 Cellular use of coenzyme A from external sources requires the hydrolysis of extracellular coenzyme A into 4′-phosphopanthetheine, which can cross the membrane. CoA synthase subsequently converts intracellular 4′-phosphopanthetheine into coenzyme A. A biomimetic approach for enhancing the in vivo half-life of peptides   pp793 - 798 Sravan C Penchala, Mark R Miller, Arindom Pal, Jin Dong, Nikhil R Madadi et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1907 Linking a peptide with a small-molecule ligand for the serum protein transthyretin ensures half-life extension without diminishing potency through protection against proteases and decreasing glomerular filtration. Chemical compounds LAPTM4B facilitates late endosomal ceramide export to control cell death pathways   pp799 - 806 Tomas Blom, Shiqian Li, Andrea Dichlberger, Nils Back, Young Ah Kim et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1889 An RNAi strategy and a new fluorescent ceramide help identify the transmembrane protein LAPTM4B as facilitating export of ceramide from late endosomes. This activity sensitizes tumor cells to drugs that induce ceramide-driven apoptosis. Chemical compounds Chemical proteomics reveals a γH2AX-53BP1 interaction in the DNA damage response   pp807 - 814 Ralph E Kleiner, Priyanka Verma, Kelly R Molloy, Brian T Chait and Tarun M Kapoor doi:10.1038/nchembio.1908 A quantitative chemical proteomics approach identified the DNA damage response mediator 53BP1 as a direct reader of the phosphorylated histone variant γH2AX in cells. Chemical compounds Corrigenda Top Corrigendum: Structural basis of enzymatic benzene ring reduction   p815 Tobias Weinert, Simona G Huwiler, Johannes W Kung, Sina Weidenweber, Petra Hellwig et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio1015-815a Corrigendum: Structural basis for selective binding of m6A RNA by the YTHDC1 YTH domain   p815 Chao Xu, Xiao Wang, Ke Liu, Ian A Roundtree, Wolfram Tempel et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio1015-815c Erratum Top Erratum: Pharmacological targeting of the Wdr5-MLL interaction in C/EBPα N-terminal leukemia   p815 Florian Grebien, Masoud Vedadi, Matthaus Getlik, Roberto Giambruno, Amit Grover et al. doi:10.1038/nchembio1015-815b Top Advertisement Nature Microbiology: Call for Papers Launching in January 2016, Nature Microbiology is now open for submissions and inviting high-quality submissions. 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