Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents May 2015 Volume 16 Number 5 pp 245-312

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 2015 Volume 16 Number 5
Impact Factor 31.376 *	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: The endocannabinoid system Article series: Stress  Featured article: Astrocyte barriers to neurotoxic inflammation Michael V. Sofroniew
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Neural circuits: Unpredictable turns in the worm p245 | doi:10.1038/nrn3951 The probabilistic behaviour of Caenorhabditis elegans in response to a fixed olfactory stimulus arises owing to variability in the activity state of the neural circuit that receives the sensory input. PDF Behavioural neuroscience: Going on the defensive p246 | doi:10.1038/nrn3952 Two studies show that the ventromedial hypothalamus is a key regulator of defensive behaviours. PDF Memory: Remembering to forget p246 | doi:10.1038/nrn3955 A novel functional MRI technique that tracks the pattern of cortical activation associated with specific memories reveals that 'competitor' memories in the ventral visual cortex are actively suppressed by remembering. PDF Cortical plasticity: A critical role for Clock p247 | doi:10.1038/nrn3953 This study shows that the circadian gene Clock drives the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing interneuron networks, and therefore critical period plasticity, in the mouse visual cortex. PDF IN BRIEF Learning and memory: Remembering your place | Pain: Pinpointing the pain producer | Techniques: Nanoscale neuronal activation | Behavioural neuroscience: Diabetes, dopamine and depression | Neurogenesis: Support from the cortex | Cognitive neuroscience: Visual fixation predicts function | Myelination: Promoting polarity PDF Neuroscience JOBS of the week Postdoctoral studies in brain stimulation (scholarship) Karolinska Institutet (KI) Postdoctoral Fellowship in Sleep and Neurodegeneration Oregon Health & Science University and Knight Cancer Institute Clinical Research Associate (2 posts) University College London (UCL) Epileptologist and Human Brain Neurophysiologist Duke University School of Medicine Postdoctoral Fellow Columbia University Medical Center More Science jobs from Neuroscience EVENT Champalimaud Neuroscience Symposium – Perspectives on Social Behaviour 16.09.15 Lisbon, Portugal More science events from
REVIEWS		Top
Astrocyte barriers to neurotoxic inflammation Michael V. Sofroniew p249 | doi:10.1038/nrn3898 Astrocytes form borders that separate neural from non-neural tissue in both normal brain tissue and CNS lesions. In this Review, Michael Sofroniew discusses evidence that astrocytes along such borders have crucial roles in both attracting and restricting CNS inflammation, with important implications for diverse CNS disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Article series: The endocannabinoid system Weeding out bad waves: towards selective cannabinoid circuit control in epilepsy Ivan Soltesz, Bradley E. Alger, Masanobu Kano, Sang-Hun Lee, David M. Lovinger, Takako Ohno-Shosaku & Masahiko Watanabe p264 | doi:10.1038/nrn3937 Cannabinoid signalling is a major regulator of neurotransmitter release and plasticity at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. In this Review, Soltesz and colleagues discuss emerging principles of cannabinoid control of network oscillations and their relevance for epilepsy and related comorbidities. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Decision making in the ageing brain: changes in affective and motivational circuits Gregory R. Samanez-Larkin & Brian Knutson p278 | doi:10.1038/nrn3917 Ageing affects multiple aspects of brain structure and function, and therefore is likely to influence complex behaviours such as decision making. Samanez-Larkin and Knutson describe age-related changes in the affective and motivational circuits that drive choice, and consider how these influence decision making. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Article series: Stress Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms Carmen Sandi & József Haller p290 | doi:10.1038/nrn3918 Early-life stress can contribute to predispositions to antisocial behaviour in adulthood. Similarly, acute or chronic stress during adulthood can alter our social behaviour. Sandi and Haller emphasize the importance of timing of stress for its effects on social behaviour and describe current understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION The dopamine theory of addiction: 40 years of highs and lows David J. Nutt, Anne Lingford-Hughes, David Erritzoe & Paul R. A. Stokes p305 | doi:10.1038/nrn3939 In this Opinion article, Nutt and colleagues examine the history of and current evidence for the dopamine theory of addiction. They argue that dopamine's role in addiction is more complicated than the role that is put forward in this theory. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Erratum: The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation Yi-Yuan Tang, Britta K. Hölzel & Michael I. Posner p312 | doi:10.1038/nrn3954 Full Text | PDF
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