Nature Communications - 08 April 2015

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Download Tech Note Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Communications is now fully open access All new submissions if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge will apply. For more information visit the website. Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more on APC funding.       Latest Articles View all Articles     Metabolic learning and memory formation by the brain influence systemic metabolic homeostasis Yumin Zhang, Gang Liu, Jingqi Yan, Yalin Zhang, Bo Li and Dongsheng Cai Flies can remember the caloric content of food. Here, the authors show that flies have a learned preference for normal caloric food, but this metabolic learning or memory is lost after forced consumption of a high-caloric diet, and identify key neuronal genes required for the formation of such memories. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7704 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Neuroscience  Eighteenth-century genomes show that mixed infections were common at time of peak tuberculosis in Europe OPEN Gemma L. Kay, Martin J. Sergeant, Zhemin Zhou, Jacqueline Z.-M. Chan, Andrew Millard, Joshua Quick, Ildikó Szikossy, Ildikó Pap, Mark Spigelman, Nicholas J. Loman, Mark Achtman, Helen D. Donoghue and Mark J. Pallen Tuberculosis was once a major killer in Europe. Here the authors use metagenomics to obtain genomic sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from human remains from eighteenth-century Hungary, revealing mixed infections within individuals as well as presence of the same strain in two individuals. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7717 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Evolution  Microbiology  Comprehensive identification of arginine methylation in primary T cells reveals regulatory roles in cell signalling OPEN Vincent Geoghegan, Ailan Guo, David Trudgian, Benjamin Thomas and Oreste Acuto Arginine methylation is an important regulatory post-translational modification. Here, the authors present a new SILAC-based method—iMethyl-SILAC—that allows unambiguous identification of arginine-methylated peptide pairs by mass spectrometry and apply it to greatly expand the known T-cell arginine methylome. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7758 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biotechnology  Immunology  IL-6-mediated environmental conditioning of defective Th1 differentiation dampens antitumour immune responses in old age OPEN Hirotake Tsukamoto, Satoru Senju, Keiko Matsumura, Susan L. Swain and Yasuharu Nishimura T-cell responses are dysregulated in aged humans and mice, which leads to poor antitumour responses. Here, the authors demonstrate that this phenomenon is at least partially due to an overproduction of IL-6 caused by ageing and its inhibitory effect on Th1 differentiation of tumour-specific CD4 T cells. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7702 Biological Sciences  Immunology  A phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate powered exchange mechanism to create a lipid gradient between membranes Joachim Moser von Filseck, Stefano Vanni, Bruno Mesmin, Bruno Antonny and Guillaume Drin The lipid transfer protein Osh4p is able to exchange sterol, made at the endoplasmic reticulum, for Golgi-synthesized PI(4)P. Here the authors provide direct evidence that Osh4p can transport sterol against its concentration gradient between membranes, powered by dissipation of a PI(4)P gradient. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7671 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cell biology  Metal ion-directed dynamic splicing of DNA through global conformational change by intramolecular complexation Toshihiro Ihara, Hiroyuki Ohura, Chisato Shirahama, Tomohiro Furuzono, Hiroshi Shimada, Hirotaka Matsuura and Yusuke Kitamura Higher-order structured DNA molecules can be manipulated to carry out specific enzymatic functions. Here the authors demonstrate the metal ion-directed global conformational control of DNA structure, using intramolecular coordination chemistry to manipulate the DNAzyme activity. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7640 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Chemical biology  Reduced Tyk2 gene expression in β-cells due to natural mutation determines susceptibility to virus-induced diabetes OPEN Kenichi Izumi, Keiichiro Mine, Yoshitaka Inoue, Miho Teshima, Shuichiro Ogawa, Yuji Kai, Toshinobu Kurafuji, Kanako Hirakawa, Daiki Miyakawa, Haruka Ikeda, Akari Inada, Manami Hara, Hisakata Yamada, Koichi Akashi, Yoshiyuki Niho, Keisuke Ina, Takashi Kobayashi, Yasunobu Yoshikai, Keizo Anzai, Teruo Yamashita et al. Diabetes can be caused by viral infections in humans and some inbred mice, suggesting genetic predisposition. Here the authors show that mutations in Tyk2 gene underlie susceptibility to virus-induced diabetes in mice, due to Tyk2 requirement for antiviral response in insulin-producing cells. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7748 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Immunology  Virology  Transition from near-field thermal radiation to phonon heat conduction at sub-nanometre gaps Vazrik Chiloyan, Jivtesh Garg, Keivan Esfarjani and Gang Chen Heat transfer typically occurs by conduction via phonons and radiation via photons, but the distinction between them blurs as surfaces come into contact. Chiloyan et al. study heat transfer between surfaces at sub-nanometre separation and explore the behaviour of phonons as the surfaces approach each other. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7755 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Genetic variation at MECOM, TERT, JAK2 and HBS1L-MYB predisposes to myeloproliferative neoplasms OPEN William Tapper, Amy V. Jones, Robert Kralovics, Ashot S. Harutyunyan, Katerina Zoi, William Leung, Anna L. Godfrey, Paola Guglielmelli, Alison Callaway, Daniel Ward, Paula Aranaz, Helen E. White, Katherine Waghorn, Feng Lin, Andrew Chase, E. Joanna Baxter, Cathy Maclean, Jyoti Nangalia, Edwin Chen, Paul Evans et al. Somatic mutations drive the clonal proliferation of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Here the authors conduct a genome-wide association study and identify germline variation at multiple loci associated with the development and disease phenotype of these cancers. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7691 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  The solar magnetic activity band interaction and instabilities that shape quasi-periodic variability OPEN Scott W. McIntosh, Robert J. Leamon, Larisza D. Krista, Alan M. Title, Hugh S. Hudson, Pete Riley, Jerald W. Harder, Greg Kopp, Martin Snow, Thomas N. Woods, Justin C. Kasper, Michael L. Stevens and Roger K. Ulrich The origins of the Sun’s periodic activity, such as sunspot cycles, are poorly understood. McIntosh et al. posit that the rotational forcing of the activity bands comprising the 22-year magnetic cycle undergoes shorter-term variations, driving magnetic flux surges that impact solar output on those timescales. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7491 Physical Sciences  Astronomy  Quantitative analysis of the TNF-α-induced phosphoproteome reveals AEG-1/MTDH/LYRIC as an IKKβ substrate OPEN Ramesh K. Krishnan, Hendrik Nolte, Tianliang Sun, Harmandeep Kaur, Krishnamoorthy Sreenivasan, Mario Looso, Stefan Offermanns, Marcus Krüger and Jakub M. Swiercz Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α influence inflammation, apoptosis and tumour development through regulation of the kinase IKKβ. Krishnan and Nolte et al. apply quantitative proteomics to identify potential IKKβ targets, and reveal phosphorylation of AEG-1 by IKKβ as a mechanism controlling NF-κB signalling. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7658 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Immunology  Plant diversity increases soil microbial activity and soil carbon storage Markus Lange, Nico Eisenhauer, Carlos A. Sierra, Holger Bessler, Christoph Engels, Robert I. Griffiths, Perla G. Mellado-Vázquez, Ashish A. Malik, Jacques Roy, Stefan Scheu, Sibylle Steinbeiss, Bruce C. Thomson, Susan E. Trumbore and Gerd Gleixner The mechanisms driving soil carbon storage, one of the largest stores of terrestrial carbon, remain poorly understood. Here, the authors present data from the long-term Jena Experiment on grassland biodiversity, showing that elevated carbon storage at high plant diversity is a direct function of increased soil microbial activity. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7707 Earth Sciences  Biogeochemistry  Ecology  Controlling band alignments by artificial interface dipoles at perovskite heterointerfaces OPEN Takeaki Yajima, Yasuyuki Hikita, Makoto Minohara, Christopher Bell, Julia A. Mundy, Lena F. Kourkoutis, David A. Muller, Hiroshi Kumigashira, Masaharu Oshima and Harold Y. Hwang Controlling the alignment of bands at oxide interfaces is crucial for developing them into useful devices. By inserting charges into the interface to generate dipoles, Yajima et al. show tuning of the band alignment between SrRuO3/Nb:SrTiO3 by 1.7 eV. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7759 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  Actin remodelling factors control ciliogenesis by regulating YAP/TAZ activity and vesicle trafficking Jongshin Kim, Haiin Jo, Hyowon Hong, Min Hwan Kim, Jin Man Kim, June-Koo Lee, Won Do Heo and Joon Kim Destabilizing the actin cytoskeleton induces the formation of primary cilia, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, Kim et al. show that activity of the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ is regulated by actin remodelling factors, and YAP/TAZ activity correlates with ciliogenesis. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7781 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Systematic functional profiling of transcription factor networks in Cryptococcus neoformans OPEN Kwang-Woo Jung, Dong-Hoon Yang, Shinae Maeng, Kyung-Tae Lee, Yee-Seul So, Joohyeon Hong, Jaeyoung Choi, Hyo-Jeong Byun, Hyelim Kim, Soohyun Bang, Min-Hee Song, Jang-Won Lee, Min Su Kim, Seo-Young Kim, Je-Hyun Ji, Goun Park, Hyojeong Kwon, Suyeon Cha, Gena Lee Meyers, Li Li Wang et al. Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis. Here the authors describe the production of a gene-deletion mutant collection representing most C. neoformans non-essential transcription factors, providing insight into the signalling networks that govern the biology and pathogenicity of this fungus. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7757 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Microbiology  The clathrin adaptor AP-1 complex and Arf1 regulate planar cell polarity in vivo Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez, Sophie Balmer, Meg Mendoza, Aurore Dussert, Giovanna Collu, Angel-Carlos Roman, Ursula Weber, Brian Ciruna and Marek Mlodzik Planar cell polarity (PCP) is generated by the restricted localization of membrane-bound multiprotein complexes, but how they are trafficked to the correct location is unknown. Here, the authors show that the GTPase ARF1 and the AP-1 adaptor complex are major regulators of PCP protein trafficking in vivo. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7751 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Lgr5+ cells regenerate hair cells via proliferation and direct transdifferentiation in damaged neonatal mouse utricle Tian Wang, Renjie Chai, Grace S. Kim, Nicole Pham, Lina Jansson, Duc-Huy Nguyen, Bryan Kuo, Lindsey A. May, Jian Zuo, Lisa L. Cunningham and Alan G. Cheng The balancing apparatus of the inner ear relies on the mechanosensory activity of hair cells (HC), which are poorly regenerated upon loss in adult mammals. Here, the authors show that in newborn mice HC regenerate through proliferation and transdifferentiation of activated striolar supporting cells that express Lgr5. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7613 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 as a potential player in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis OPEN Ji Miao, Alisha V. Ling, Praveen V. Manthena, Mary E. Gearing, Mark J. Graham, Rosanne M. Crooke, Kevin J. Croce, Ryan M. Esquejo, Clary B. Clish, Morbid Obesity Study Group, Esther Torrecilla, Gumersindo Fernández Vázquez, Miguel A. Rubio, Lucio Cabrerizo, Ana Barabash, Andrés Sánchez Pernaute, Antonio J. Torres, David Vicent and Sudha B. Biddinger The hepatic enzyme FMO3 has been linked to atherosclerosis. Here the authors show that FMO3 is upregulated in various models of diabetes and link FMO3 with key transcriptional regulators of hepatic glucose and cholesterol synthesis, thus proposing a mechanistic connection between diabetes and atherosclerosis. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7498 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Symportin 1 chaperones 5S RNP assembly during ribosome biogenesis by occupying an essential rRNA-binding site OPEN Fabiola R. Calviño, Satyavati Kharde, Alessandro Ori, Astrid Hendricks, Klemens Wild, Dieter Kressler, Gert Bange, Ed Hurt, Martin Beck and Irmgard Sinning Biogenesis of the 80S ribosome involves more than 200 pre-ribosomal factors, which ensure the sequential assembly of ribosomal proteins and RNAs. Here the authors show that the nuclear transport adaptor Syo1 shields the 5S RNP-docking site on RpL11 before incorporation into the pre-60S through molecular mimicry. 07 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7510 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Ultrasonic hammer produces hot spots in solids Sizhu You, Ming-Wei Chen, Dana D. Dlott and Kenneth S. Suslick The initiation of explosions is thought to result from ‘hot spot’ generation at localized microstructures in energetic material, although experimental evidence has been limited. Here, the authors show controllable hot spot formation in solid composites using an ultrasonic hammer, introducing a new method of study. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7581 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Sox2 antagonizes the Hippo pathway to maintain stemness in cancer cells Upal Basu-Roy, N. Sumru Bayin, Kirk Rattanakorn, Eugenia Han, Dimitris G. Placantonakis, Alka Mansukhani and Claudio Basilico Transcriptional regulators Sox2 and YAP maintain expression of stemness genes in normal and cancerous cells. Here the authors show that, in osteosarcomas, Sox2 activates YAP by directly repressing transcription of its upstream negative regulators Nf2 and WWC1, promoting cancer cell stemness. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7411 Biological Sciences  Cancer  A photofunctional bottom-up bis(dipyrrinato)zinc(II) complex nanosheet OPEN Ryota Sakamoto, Ken Hoshiko, Qian Liu, Toshiki Yagi, Tatsuhiro Nagayama, Shinpei Kusaka, Mizuho Tsuchiya, Yasutaka Kitagawa, Wai-Yeung Wong and Hiroshi Nishihara The creation of functional 2D bottom-up nanosheets woven from molecular components remains a large challenge. Here, a bottom-up nanosheet featuring a photofunctional bis(dipyrrinato)zinc(II) complex motif is synthesized using interfacial syntheses, enabling a photoelectric conversion system. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7713 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Encoding and decoding spatio-temporal information for super-resolution microscopy OPEN Luca Lanzanò, Iván Coto Hernández, Marco Castello, Enrico Gratton, Alberto Diaspro and Giuseppe Vicidomini Increasing the resolution of fluorescence microscopy is a fundamental need for modern cell biology. Lanzanò et al. demonstrate that arbitrary spatial resolution is, in principle, possible by encoding the fluorophore's spatial distribution information in the temporal dynamics of the fluorophore's transition. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7701 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Optical physics  Selective enhancement of topologically induced interface states in a dielectric resonator chain OPEN Charles Poli, Matthieu Bellec, Ulrich Kuhl, Fabrice Mortessagne and Henning Schomerus At interfaces between systems with topologically distinct band structure, robust symmetry protected states emerge. Here, Poli et al. control such states in a coupled dielectric resonator chain with parity-time symmetry and exploit their topological nature to protect them from absorptive losses. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7710 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Three-fold rotational defects in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides OPEN Yung-Chang Lin, Torbjörn Björkman, Hannu-Pekka Komsa, Po-Yuan Teng, Chao-Hui Yeh, Fei-Sheng Huang, Kuan-Hung Lin, Joanna Jadczak, Ying-Sheng Huang, Po-Wen Chiu, Arkady V. Krasheninnikov and Kazu Suenaga Defects in a crystalline solid can have a dramatic effect on the material’s properties. Here, the authors demonstrate a class of defects in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides mediated by chalcogen vacancies and inherently related to the crystal symmetry 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7736 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Ultrafast optical tuning of ferromagnetism via the carrier density Masakazu Matsubara, Alexander Schroer, Andreas Schmehl, Alexander Melville, Carsten Becher, Mauricio Trujillo-Martinez, Darrell G. Schlom, Jochen Mannhart, Johann Kroha and Manfred Fiebig The control of the magnetic order by optical pulses is of practical relevance for information storage as well as of fundamental interest to understand magnetic processes. Here, the authors demonstrate the control of magnetic order by changing the carrier density in Eu1−x Gd x O via resonant photoexcitation. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7724 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Ultrafast myoglobin structural dynamics observed with an X-ray free-electron laser OPEN Matteo Levantino, Giorgio Schirò, Henrik Till Lemke, Grazia Cottone, James Michael Glownia, Diling Zhu, Mathieu Chollet, Hyotcherl Ihee, Antonio Cupane and Marco Cammarata Localized chemical events such as the breakage of a bond between a protein and a ligand may trigger a global protein conformational change. Here, the authors use an X-ray free-electron laser to track the motion of myoglobin in response to photoinduced ligand release, and observe a picosecond proteinquake. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7772 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Nanophotonic control of circular dipole emission B. le Feber, N. Rotenberg and L. Kuipers Taking full advantage of photons as quantum information carriers requires faithful control of their lifetime, emission direction and orbital angular momentum. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate a technique for directionally coupling classical, circular dipoles to the modes of a photonic-crystal waveguide. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7695 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Ptch1 and Gli regulate Shh signalling dynamics via multiple mechanisms OPEN Michael Cohen, Anna Kicheva, Ana Ribeiro, Robert Blassberg, Karen M. Page, Chris P. Barnes and James Briscoe Gradients of the secreted morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pattern the neural tube in vertebrates. Cohen et al. quantify Shh signalling in developing mice, and by constructing a computational model of the process, identify mechanisms by which the dynamics of Shh signalling are regulated. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7709 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  The Parkinson’s-associated protein DJ-1 regulates the 20S proteasome Oren Moscovitz, Gili Ben-Nissan, Irit Fainer, Dan Pollack, Limor Mizrachi and Michal Sharon Mutations in the gene encoding DJ-1 are associated with early-onset familial forms of Parkinson’s disease, and several different molecular functions have been attributed to this protein. Moscovitz et al. show that DJ-1 physically binds the 20S proteasome and inhibits its degradation activity. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7609 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Neuroscience  Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 promotes leukocyte rolling by mobilizing endothelial P-selectin OPEN Claudia Nussbaum, Sarah Bannenberg, Petra Keul, Markus H. Gräler, Cassiano F. Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, Hanna Korhonen, Karin von Wnuck Lipinski, Gerd Heusch, Hugo C. de Castro Faria Neto, Ina Rohwedder, Joachim R. Göthert, Vysakh Pushpa Prasad, Günter Haufe, Baerbel Lange-Sperandio, Stefan Offermanns, Markus Sperandio and Bodo Levkau The lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is known to mediate leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Here, Nussbaum et al. show that S1P, via its receptor S1P3, also regulates leukocyte rolling on endothelium by promoting the presentation of the adhesion molecule P-selectin on the endothelial surface. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7416 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Immunology  Demonstration of entanglement-enhanced phase estimation in solid OPEN Gang-Qin Liu, Yu-Ran Zhang, Yan-Chun Chang, Jie-Dong Yue, Heng Fan and Xin-Yu Pan Quantum parameter estimation aims to improve on classical statistical precision where uncertainty decreases proportionally with the square root of the repetition number. Here, Liu et al. demonstrate entanglement-enhanced phase estimation at room-temperature in a nitrogen-vacancy centre in pure diamond. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7726 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Preference for concentric orientations in the mouse superior colliculus OPEN Mehran Ahmadlou and J Alexander Heimel The mammalian superior colliculus (SC) processes visual stimuli but little is known about the spatial organization of the response preferences for specific visual features. Here the authors show that the mouse SC contains a map for orientation preference such that preferred grating orientation is aligned to concentric circles around the centre of the visual field. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7773 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Carbon-catalysed reductive hydrogen atom transfer reactions Huimin Yang, Xinjiang Cui, Xingchao Dai, Youquan Deng and Feng Shi Typically hydrogen transfer and borrowing-hydrogen reactions rely on metal catalysts, with few exceptions. Here, the authors show that carbon-based materials are capable of carrying out alcohol amination and transfer hydrogenation reactions in the absence of any metal species. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7478 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Organic chemistry  Pseudocapacitance of MXene nanosheets for high-power sodium-ion hybrid capacitors OPEN Xianfen Wang, Satoshi Kajiyama, Hiroki Iinuma, Eiji Hosono, Shinji Oro, Isamu Moriguchi, Masashi Okubo and Atsuo Yamada Conventional sodium ion batteries have low energy and power densities. Here, the authors report the use of MXene Ti2C as a negative electrode for sodium ion energy storage, and show that the pseudocapacitance of the electrode allows the hybrid capacitors to achieve high electrochemical performance. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7544 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Nanotechnology  Harvesting dissipated energy with a mesoscopic ratchet B. Roche, P. Roulleau, T. Jullien, Y. Jompol, I. Farrer, D.A. Ritchie and D.C. Glattli Thermoelectric devices convert waste heat to electrical power but suffer from low efficiency. Roche et al. create a mesoscopic heat engine comprising capacitively coupled hot and cold electrical circuits in which thermal fluctuations in the former are converted to potential fluctuations in the latter 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7738 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  The nature of domain walls in ultrathin ferromagnets revealed by scanning nanomagnetometry J.-P. Tetienne, T. Hingant, L.J. Martínez, S. Rohart, A. Thiaville, L. Herrera Diez, K Garcia, J.-P. Adam, J.-V. Kim, J.-F. Roch, I.M. Miron, G. Gaudin, L. Vila, B. Ocker, D. Ravelosona and V. Jacques The ability to control domain wall motion in ultrathin magnetic wires with an applied current could prove useful in future spintronic devices. Tetienne et al. now directly observe the different domain-wall structures in various magnetic material systems using a scanning nanomagnetometer. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7733 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Metabolite-sensing receptors GPR43 and GPR109A facilitate dietary fibre-induced gut homeostasis through regulation of the inflammasome Laurence Macia, Jian Tan, Angelica T. Vieira, Katie Leach, Dragana Stanley, Suzanne Luong, Mikako Maruya, Craig Ian McKenzie, Atsushi Hijikata, Connie Wong, Lauren Binge, Alison N. Thorburn, Nina Chevalier, Caroline Ang, Eliana Marino, Remy Robert, Stefan Offermanns, Mauro M. Teixeira, Robert J. Moore, Richard A. Flavell et al. Dietary fibre is metabolized into short-chain fatty acids by gut bacteria. Here the authors show that these metabolites activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in gut epithelial cells and protect mice from injury-induced colitis, suggesting a mechanism for the benefits of a high-fibre diet. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7734 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Microbiology  Unique distal size selectivity with a digold catalyst during alkyne homocoupling Antonio Leyva-Pérez, Antonio Doménech-Carbó and Avelino Corma Steric hindrance proximal to a metal centre is known to play a key role in reactivity during catalysis. Here, the authors study reductive elimination from gold metal centres, surprisingly showing that small changes in sterics at sites removed from the metal centre can have dramatic effects on reactivity. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7703 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Inorganic chemistry  Organic chemistry  Shared rules of development predict patterns of evolution in vertebrate segmentation Nathan M. Young, Benjamin Winslow, Sowmya Takkellapati and Kathryn Kavanagh Despite apparent morphological diversity, developmental interactions create predictable patterns of variation. Here the authors show that variation in the proportion of limbs, digits and somites and their response to artificial selection follow a rule that predicts the size of sequentially forming structures. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7690 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Evolution  A muscle-liver-fat signalling axis is essential for central control of adaptive adipose remodelling OPEN Noriaki Shimizu, Takako Maruyama, Noritada Yoshikawa, Ryo Matsumiya, Yanxia Ma, Naoki Ito, Yuki Tasaka, Akiko Kuribara-Souta, Keishi Miyata, Yuichi Oike, Stefan Berger, Günther Schütz, Shin’ichi Takeda and Hirotoshi Tanaka Skeletal muscle proteolysis can affect organismal energy homeostasis. Here, the authors provide molecular insight into this process by showing that muscle-derived alanine acts as a signal that triggers FGF21 secretion from the liver, which then regulates lipolysis and browning of white fat tissue. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7693 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Brain metastatic cancer cells release microRNA-181c-containing extracellular vesicles capable of destructing blood–brain barrier OPEN Naoomi Tominaga, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Makiko Ono, Takeshi Katsuda, Yusuke Yoshioka, Kenji Tamura, Jan Lötvall, Hitoshi Nakagama and Takahiro Ochiya A key event during metastasis to the brain is the migration of cancer cells through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Here the authors show that cancer-cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote metastasis by promoting BBB breaching. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7716 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  Tracking the origins and drivers of subclonal metastatic expansion in prostate cancer OPEN Matthew K.H. Hong, Geoff Macintyre, David C. Wedge, Peter Van Loo, Keval Patel, Sebastian Lunke, Ludmil B. Alexandrov, Clare Sloggett, Marek Cmero, Francesco Marass, Dana Tsui, Stefano Mangiola, Andrew Lonie, Haroon Naeem, Nikhil Sapre, Pramit M. Phal, Natalie Kurganovs, Xiaowen Chin, Michael Kerger, Anne Y. Warren et al. Primary prostate tumours are known to be genetically heterogeneous and clonal selection has the potential to drive metastasis. Here Hong et al. show that the acquisition of TP53 mutations is linked to clonal expansion and metastatic progression to lethality. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7605 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Glycogen synthase kinase 3β ubiquitination by TRAF6 regulates TLR3-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine production OPEN Ryeojin Ko, Jin Hee Park, Hyunil Ha, Yongwon Choi and Soo Young Lee GSK3β is a molecular hub implicated in regulation of cell metabolism, migration, proliferation and survival. Here the authors show that GSK3β regulates inflammatory cytokine production by promoting the assembly of a signalling platform downstream of TLR3, a sensor of viral infection. 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7765 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Molecular biology    Nature Communications JOBS of the week PostDoctoral Fellow Hospital for Special Surgery RCaH Advanced Impact Research Fellow The University of Manchester Research Fellow The University of Warwick Post-Doctoral Fellow University of Chicago Clinical Research Associate (2 posts) University College London (UCL) Research Associate University of Cambridge Research Assistant / Associate University of Bristol Postdoctoral fellow University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston PhD Positions in Archaeogenetics Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History Postdoctoral Research Fellow University of California - San Francisco More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT Alzheimer's Association International Conference 2015 18.07.15 Washington, USA More science events from       Latest Corrigenda     Corrigendum: Size and frequency of natural forest disturbances and the Amazon forest carbon balance Fernando D.B. 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Boyd et al. 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7638     Corrigendum: Identification of the phytosphingosine metabolic pathway leading to odd-numbered fatty acids Natsuki Kondo, Yusuke Ohno, Maki Yamagata, Takashi Obara, Naoya Seki, Takuya Kitamura, Tatsuro Naganuma and Akio Kihara 02 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7815     Corrigendum: Interferon regulatory factor 9 is critical for neointima formation following vascular injury Shu-Min Zhang, Li-Hua Zhu, Hou-Zao Chen, Ran Zhang, Peng Zhang, Ding-Sheng Jiang, Lu Gao, Song Tian, Lang Wang, Yan Zhang, Pi-Xiao Wang, Xiao-Fei Zhang, Xiao-Dong Zhang, De-Pei Liu and Hongliang Li 01 April 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms7882 Biological Sciences  Medical research      Advertisement Nature Index 2015 Asia-Pacific Home to some of the world's most dynamic centres of science and technology, this region produces more than a quarter of the publications in the global Nature Index. 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