EMBO reports Table of Contents for April 2015; Vol. 16, No. 4

April 2015 | Volume 16, Number 4 Submit Table of Contents Hot off the Press Science & Society Reviews Scientific Reports Volume 16, Number 4 Hot off the Press Catching the adaptor—WDFY1, a new player in the TLR–TRIF pathway WDFY1, an endosomal membrane protein, is a new crucial component of the TLR3/4 signaling pathway that enables the interaction of the adaptor TRIF with the TLRs after ligand binding. Ramya Nandakumar and Søren R Paludan Published online 03.03.2015 Science & Society The elephant in the room: Advertising science as a driver of economic growth is a long‐term losing strategy Many scientists make the argument that research funding is worthwhile because it drives economic growth. However, economic growth is neither reliable or sustainable, so the strategy could backfire and damage science in the long term. Georgi K Marinov Published online 05.03.2015 Nature, nurture and exposure: Connecting biobank data with geographic data could yield public and individual health benefits, but risks to human rights need to be assessed Linking health data with geographic data has great potential for epidemiological research and public health, but it may require special oversight and regulation to address potential privacy and human rights concerns. Jasper A Bovenberg, Anna Hansell, Kees de Hoogh, and Bartha Maria Knoppers Published online 05.03.2015 Lindau in the 21st Century: more women, more dialog, more passion: An interview with Countess Bettina Bernadotte and Wolfgang Schürer from the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings An interview with Countess Bettina Bernadotte and Wolfgang Schürer about the history and the future of the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings. Adam Gristwood, Alessandra Maria Casano, and Ivana Nikić Published online 09.03.2015 Attacking the system: Next‐generation auto‐immune therapies target pathways rather than symptoms The prevalence of auto‐immune diseases is an increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems. A new generation of drugs that modify specific signaling pathways of the immune system promises to substantially alleviate the impact of many of these diseases. Philip Hunter Published online 05.03.2015 Reviews Effects of inflammation on stem cells: together they strive? Inflammation is an important defense mechanism against pathogens or tissue damage, but it can also have detrimental consequences. This review focuses specifically on the effects of inflammation on stem cells. Caghan Kizil, Nikos Kyritsis, and Michael Brand Published online 04.03.2015 The biology of IQGAP proteins: beyond the cytoskeleton IQGAP proteins regulate diverse cellular processes, including cytokinesis, migration, proliferation, and vesicle trafficking. This review discusses the roles of IQGAP proteins at the organismal level. Andrew C Hedman, Jessica M Smith, and David B Sacks Published online 26.02.2015 Scientific Reports WDFY1 mediates TLR3/4 signaling by recruiting TRIF This study identifies a new important component of the TLR3/4 signaling pathway. Endosomal membrane protein WDFY1 interacts with both Toll‐like receptors upon ligand binding, and recruits the adaptor TRIF, enabling downstream signaling. Yun‐Hong Hu, Yu Zhang, Li‐Qun Jiang, Shuai Wang, Cao‐Qi Lei, Ming‐Shun Sun, Hong‐Bing Shu, and Yu Liu Published online 03.03.2015 FOXOs support the metabolic requirements of normal and tumor cells by promoting IDH1 expression FOXO transcription factors promote the expression of wild‐type and mutant IDH1 and thus increase the levels of α‐KG and the oncometabolite 2‐HG. FOXOs thereby support key metabolic requirements of normal and cancer cells. Paraskevi Charitou, Maria Rodriguez‐Colman, Johan Gerrits, Miranda van Triest, Marian Groot Koerkamp, Marten Hornsveld, Frank Holstege, Nanda M Verhoeven‐Duif, and Boudewijn MT Burgering Published online 03.02.2015 Distinct germline progenitor subsets defined through Tsc2–mTORC1 signaling This study defines a cell‐autonomous role for mTORC1 signaling in balanced self‐renewal and differentiation of male germline progenitors (SPCs). Within the SPC pool, mTORC1 activation is preferentially observed within differentiation‐prone fractions and promotes differentiation at the expense of self‐renewal. Robin M Hobbs, Hue M La, Juho‐Antti Mäkelä, Toshiyuki Kobayashi, Tetsuo Noda, and Pier Paolo Pandolfi Published online 19.02.2015 Annexin A2 is required for the early steps of cytokinesis Annexin A2 is identified as a crucial player in cytokinesis. Its absence prevents RhoA organization at the equatorial plane, the interaction between the central spindle and the cell cortex, and causes cytokinetic failure. Christelle Benaud, Gaëlle Le Dez, Svetlana Mironov, Federico Galli, David Reboutier, and Claude Prigent Published online 23.02.2015 Wnt‐mediated protein stabilization ensures proper mitotic microtubule assembly and chromosome segregation This report shows that basal Wnt signaling during a normal cell cycle ensures proper mitotic microtubule dynamics and faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. Wnt/STOP rather than Wnt‐mediated transcriptional control is required for this novel function of Wnt signaling in human somatic cells. Ailine Stolz, Kim Neufeld, Norman Ertych, and Holger Bastians Published online 05.02.2015 Potent degradation of neuronal miRNAs induced by highly complementary targets This quantitative study of target‐directed miRNA degradation (TDMD) reveals its potency in primary neurons and distinguishes TDMD and mRNA degradation as independent processes, the balance of which can be tilted toward depletion of even abundant miRNAs by appropriate target design. Manuel de la Mata, Dimos Gaidatzis, Mirela Vitanescu, Michael B Stadler, Corinna Wentzel, Peter Scheiffele, Witold Filipowicz, and Helge Großhans Published online 27.02.2015 SUMOylation and PARylation cooperate to recruit and stabilize SLX4 at DNA damage sites SLX4 is crucial for the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks and maintaining genome stability. This study shows that its recruitment to damaged DNA depends on interaction with SUMO and subsequent SUMOylation, as well as on PARylation. Román González‐Prieto, Sabine AG Cuijpers, Martijn S Luijsterburg, Haico van Attikum, and Alfred CO Vertegaal Published online 26.02.2015 The cAMP phosphodiesterase Prune localizes to the mitochondrial matrix and promotes mtDNA replication by stabilizing TFAM Drosophila Prune downregulates mitochondrial cAMP signaling, stabilizes TFAM, and promotes mtDNA replication, showing that cAMP signaling impacts on mitochondrial biogenesis. Fan Zhang, Yun Qi, Kiet Zhou, Guofeng Zhang, Kaari Linask, and Hong Xu Published online 03.02.2015 Intellectual disability‐associated dBRWD3 regulates gene expression through inhibition of HIRA/YEM‐mediated chromatin deposition of histone H3.3 BRWD3 is mutated in patients with X‐linked intellectual disability. Here, dBRWD3 is found to negatively regulate the amount of chromatin‐associated H3.3, thereby regulating gene expression in the brain and several developmental processes. Wei‐Yu Chen, Hsueh‐Tzu Shih, Kuei‐Yan Liu, Zong‐Siou Shih, Li‐Kai Chen, Tsung‐Han Tsai, Mei‐Ju Chen, Hsuan Liu, Bertrand Chin‐Ming Tan, Chien‐Yu Chen, Hsiu‐Hsiang Lee, Benjamin Loppin, Ounissa Aït‐Ahmed, and June‐Tai Wu Published online 09.02.2015   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 425 Broadway St * Redwood City, CA 94063 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2015 by the European Molecular Biology Organisation.