Nature Structural & Molecular Biology Contents: 2014 Volume #21 pp 1017-1106

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TABLE OF CONTENTS December 2014 Volume 21, Issue 12 Meeting Report News and Views Articles Brief Communication Analysis Corrigenda Erratum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Announcing the Nature Index: A global indicator of high-quality research The Nature Index tracks the affiliations of high-quality scientific articles. Updated monthly, the Nature Index presents research outputs by institution and country. Use the Nature Index to interrogate publication patterns and to benchmark research performance. Access the Nature Index free online.   Meeting Report Top The Hsp90 ensemble: coordinated Hsp90-cochaperone complexes regulate diverse cellular processes   pp1017 - 1021 Serena Schwenkert, Thorsten Hugel and Marc B Cox doi:10.1038/nsmb.2927 The Seventh International Conference on the Hsp90 Chaperone Machine took place in October 2014, in Seeon, Germany. The program highlighted recent findings in a variety of areas, including structures of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-client protein complexes, coordination of Hsp90 with cochaperones, new cellular and physiological roles for Hsp90 and therapeutic targeting of the Hsp90 ensemble for the treatment of disease and prevention of infection. News and Views Top Dynamic activation of apoptosis: conformational ensembles of cIAP1 are linked to a spring-loaded mechanism   pp1022 - 1023 Michelle L Gill and R Andrew Byrd doi:10.1038/nsmb.2925 cIAP1 undergoes a dramatic conformational change during activation that is now shown to be due to the dynamic and metastable nature of the closed form of the enzyme. The discovery of such a striking mechanism for functional control was enabled by state-of-the-art enzymological and biophysical methods. See also: Article by Phillips et al. Optimizing membrane-protein biogenesis through nonoptimal-codon usage   pp1023 - 1025 Alexey S Morgunov and M Madan Babu doi:10.1038/nsmb.2926 Two studies provide insights into the distinct strategies used by prokaryotes and eukaryotes to pause translation in order to facilitate cotranslational targeting of membrane proteins to the translocon. See also: Analysis by Pechmann et al. Putting a finger in the ring   pp1025 - 1027 John McCullough and Wesley I Sundquist doi:10.1038/nsmb.2928 Two complementary papers demonstrate that the homologous type II transmembrane proteins LAP1 and LULL1 adopt nucleotide-free AAA+ ATPase folds and donate arginine fingers to complete the active sites of Torsin AAA+ ATPases. Activated Torsin complexes appear to function in nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum membrane-remodeling processes, including a nuclear vesiculation pathway that carries large cellular and viral cargoes from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Structural & Molecular Biology JOBS of the week PhD position in Biophysics University of Gothenburg (GU) Post-doctoral Associate Tel Aviv University Postdoctoral Position Syphilis Pathogenesis University of Connecticut Health Center More Science jobs from Structural & Molecular Biology EVENT Thiol-based redox switches in life sciences 12.09.15 Sant Feliu de Guixols, Spain More science events from Articles Top Reconstitution of active human core Mediator complex reveals a critical role of the MED14 subunit   pp1028 - 1034 Murat A Cevher, Yi Shi, Dan Li, Brian T Chait, Sohail Malik et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2914 Reconstitution of a 15-subunit functional human Mediator complex establishes direct physical and functional interactions of key MED subunits with both Pol II and TFIID to support transcriptional activation and identifies subunits critical for module association and assembly. Structural basis for membrane targeting of the BBSome by ARL6   pp1035 - 1041 André Mourão, Andrew R Nager, Maxence V Nachury and Esben Lorentzen doi:10.1038/nsmb.2920 The BBSome is required for formation of primary cilia, sensory organelles whose dysfunction is linked to genetic disorders. Lorentzen and colleagues offer insight into BBSome membrane recruitment, providing a molecular rationale for common disease mutations. Structural basis for interaction of a cotranslational chaperone with the eukaryotic ribosome   pp1042 - 1046 Yixiao Zhang, Chengying Ma, Yi Yuan, Jing Zhu, Ningning Li et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2908 Cryo-EM structures of the co-translational chaperone RAC in association with the ribosome suggest that RAC regulates protein translation by mechanically coupling cotranslational folding with the peptide-elongation cycle. BRD4 assists elongation of both coding and enhancer RNAs by interacting with acetylated histones   pp1047 - 1057 Tomohiko Kanno, Yuka Kanno, Gary LeRoy, Eric Campos, Hong-Wei Sun et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2912 BRD4, a key target of the clinically relevant BET inhibitor JQ1, thought to function by releasing Pol II from promoter-proximal pausing, is shown to promote Pol II elongation by acting as a histone chaperone. Stapled HIV-1 peptides recapitulate antigenic structures and engage broadly neutralizing antibodies   pp1058 - 1067 Gregory H Bird, Adriana Irimia, Gilad Ofek, Peter D Kwong, Ian A Wilson et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2922 Peptide hydrocarbon stapling is used to generate protease-resistant HIV-1 MPER antigens that mimic the conformation of viral epitopes and that are recognized by two different broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV. Internal motions prime cIAP1 for rapid activation   pp1068 - 1074 Aaron H Phillips, Allyn J Schoeffler, Tsutomu Matsui, Thomas M Weiss, John W Blankenship et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2916 Proapoptotic signals trigger the transition of cIAP1 from an autoinhibited monomeric form to an activated dimer. NMR and time-resolved SAXS analyses reveal the conformational dynamics of the cIAP1 monomer that facilitates rapid and irreversible activation. See also: News and Views by Gill & Byrd Cryo-EM reveals different coronin binding modes for ADP– and ADP–BeFx actin filaments   pp1075 - 1081 Peng Ge, Zeynep A Oztug Durer, Dmitri Kudryashov, Z Hong Zhou and Emil Reisler doi:10.1038/nsmb.2907 Cryo-EM analyses of coronin in complex with F-actin in its ADP-bound or ADP–BeFx–bound state and fitting of atomic models explain the nucleotide-dependent effects of coronin on cofilin-assisted remodeling of F-actin. Caspase-activated phosphoinositide binding by CNT-1 promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the AKT pathway   pp1082 - 1090 Akihisa Nakagawa, Kelly D Sullivan and Ding Xue doi:10.1038/nsmb.2915 Work in Caenorhabditis elegans identifies a substrate for CED-3 caspase during apoptosis, CNT-1. The cleavage product of CNT-1 localizes to the plasma membrane and blocks the activation of AKT by PIP3, suppressing AKT's prosurvival effects. Structural determinants of integrin β-subunit specificity for latent TGF-β   pp1091 - 1096 Xianchi Dong, Nathan E Hudson, Chafen Lu and Timothy A Springer doi:10.1038/nsmb.2905 Integrin α-β heterodimers recognize ligands with RGD peptide motifs, but how they differentiate between the numerous RGD-containing proteins is unknown. Here, Springer and colleagues elucidate the structural basis for ligand binding specificity of the integrin β subunit. Brief Communication Top Structure of AMP-PNP–bound BtuCD and mechanism of ATP-powered vitamin B12 transport by BtuCD–F   pp1097 - 1099 Vladimir M Korkhov, Samantha A Mireku, Dmitry B Veprintsev and Kaspar P Locher doi:10.1038/nsmb.2918 A new crystal structure of BtuCD, a bacterial ABC transporter that uses ATP hydrolysis to drive vitamin B12 uptake, bound to an AMP-PNP nucleotide, completes the structural elucidation of intermediates in the transport cycle and reveals how ATP accelerates transport. Analysis Top Local slowdown of translation by nonoptimal codons promotes nascent-chain recognition by SRP in vivo   pp1100 - 1105 Sebastian Pechmann, Justin W Chartron and Judith Frydman doi:10.1038/nsmb.2919 Analyses of yeast codon usage and ribosome profiling data reveal a nonoptimal codon cluster in the mRNAs of ER-targeted proteins, downstream of the SRP-binding site, that would slow down translation to promote SRP interaction. See also: News and Views by Morgunov & Babu Corrigenda Top Corrigendum: mRNA-mRNA duplexes that autoelicit Staufen1-mediated mRNA decay   p1106 Chenguang Gong, Yalan Tang and Lynne E Maquat doi:10.1038/nsmb1214-1106a Corrigendum: Overlapping chromatin-remodeling systems collaborate genome wide at dynamic chromatin transitions   p1106 Stephanie A Morris, Songjoon Baek, Myong-Hee Sung, Sam John, Malgorzata Wiench et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb1214-1106b Erratum Top Erratum: An asymmetric PAN3 dimer recruits a single PAN2 exonuclease to mediate mRNA deadenylation and decay   p1106 Stefanie Jonas, Mary Christie, Daniel Peter, Dipankar Bhandari, Belinda Loh et al. doi:10.1038/nsmb1214-1106c Top Advertisement Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. 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