Nature Communications - 03 December 2014

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Advertisement   Avoid accidental plagiarism with this free white paper by an AJE editor & PhD.   Make sure you're citing correctly and thoroughly. Avoid common pitfalls (and the resulting embarrassment when a journal notices). Download "In Your Own Words: Best Practices for Avoiding Plagiarism."    AJE© provides publication services and resources for researchers. A division of Research Square©.     Weekly Content Alert 03 December 2014  Featured image: Wang et al. demonstrate that photon-energy upconversion by thermal radiation can benefit from multi-phonon relaxation and achieve efficiencies of 16% Latest content: Articles Corrigendum Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Outlook Rice Scientists are starting a rice revolution to feed a hungry world. By decoding genetics, improving breeding and, perhaps, reshaping the plant’s biology, researchers are working to take the world’s most vital crop into the future. Access the Outlook free online for six months.     Latest Articles View all Articles     Mybpc3 gene therapy for neonatal cardiomyopathy enables long-term disease prevention in mice Giulia Mearini, Doreen Stimpel, Birgit Geertz, Florian Weinberger, Elisabeth Krämer, Saskia Schlossarek, Julia Mourot-Filiatre, Andrea Stoehr, Alexander Dutsch, Paul J. M. Wijnker, Ingke Braren, Hugo A. Katus, Oliver J. Müller, Thomas Voit, Thomas Eschenhagen and Lucie Carrier Hereditary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in cardiomyocyte genes, such as MYBPC3. Here, the authors use virus-mediated gene therapy to correct Mycbpc3 mutations in 1-day-old mice and, by administering just a single dose, prevent development of HCM over a period of 34 weeks. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6515 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Mudskipper genomes provide insights into the terrestrial adaptation of amphibious fishes OPEN Xinxin You, Chao Bian, Qijie Zan, Xun Xu, Xin Liu, Jieming Chen, Jintu Wang, Ying Qiu, Wujiao Li, Xinhui Zhang, Ying Sun, Shixi Chen, Wanshu Hong, Yuxiang Li, Shifeng Cheng, Guangyi Fan, Chengcheng Shi, Jie Liang, Y. Tom Tang, Chengye Yang et al. Mudskippers are amphibious fishes that have adapted to live on mudflats. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of four different mudskipper species and highlight genetic changes that may have had an evolutionary role in the water-to-land transition of vertebrates. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6594 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Using geospatial modelling to optimize the rollout of antiretroviral-based pre-exposure HIV interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa David J. Gerberry, Bradley G. Wagner, J. Gerardo Garcia-Lerma, Walid Heneine and Sally Blower Widespread use of antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention is under evaluation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Here, Gerberry et al. use geospatial mathematical modelling to compare potential rollout plans and show that the initial resource allocation decisions will be crucial in determining the success of interventions. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6454 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Virology  Photocatalytic colour switching of redox dyes for ink-free light-printable rewritable paper Wenshou Wang, Ning Xie, Le He and Yadong Yin Printing text and images is a significant cause of paper and ink waste, leading to an increased focus on reusable alternatives. Here, the authors show that films of commercial dyes can be photoactivated with UV light and catalysts and, with an appropriate stabilizer, can be used as a rewritable display system. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6459 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Identification of the remains of King Richard III OPEN Turi E. King, Gloria Gonzalez Fortes, Patricia Balaresque, Mark G. Thomas, David Balding, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Rita Neumann, Walther Parson, Michael Knapp, Susan Walsh, Laure Tonasso, John Holt, Manfred Kayser, Jo Appleby, Peter Forster, David Ekserdjian, Michael Hofreiter and Kevin Schürer King Richard III was a controversial English King whose remains are presumably deposited in Grey Friars in Leicester. Here the authors sequence the mitochondrial genome and Y-chromosome DNA of the skeletal remains and living relatives of Richard III and confirm that the remains belong to King Richard III. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6631 Biological Sciences  Genetics  A nairovirus isolated from African bats causes haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and severe hepatic disease in mice OPEN Akihiro Ishii, Keisuke Ueno, Yasuko Orba, Michihito Sasaki, Ladslav Moonga, Bernard M. Hang’ombe, Aaron S. Mweene, Takashi Umemura, Kimihito Ito, William W. Hall and Hirofumi Sawa Bats carry viruses that can cause disease in other animals and in humans. Here, Ishii et al. identify new nairoviruses from African bats and show that some of them can produce a severe haemorrhagic disease in laboratory mice that is similar to Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever in humans. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6651 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Virology  Increased MAPK reactivation in early resistance to dabrafenib/trametinib combination therapy of BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma Georgina V. Long, Carina Fung, Alexander M. Menzies, Gulietta M. Pupo, Matteo S. Carlino, Jessica Hyman, Hamideh Shahheydari, Varsha Tembe, John F. Thompson, Robyn P. Saw, Julie Howle, Nicholas K. Hayward, Peter Johansson, Richard A. Scolyer, Richard F. Kefford and Helen Rizos Despite the treatment efficacy of combining BRAF and MEK inhibitors, a third of BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma patients treated with this therapy progress within 6 months. Here, the authors sequence tumours from patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma metastases and identify mutations that confer resistance to combination therapy. 02 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6694 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Tolerance induction to human stem cell transplants with extension to their differentiated progeny Kathy O. Lui, Duncan Howie, Shu-Wing Ng, Shubai Liu, Kenneth R. Chien and Herman Waldmann Immunosuppression has been shown to induce tolerance to transplanted stem cells, but differentiation of these cells may trigger immune rejection later on. Here, Lui et al. show that a short-term immunosuppression regimen confers long-term tolerance to stem cells and their differentiated progeny. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6629 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Medical research  Soft epitaxy of nanocrystal superlattices Sara M. Rupich, Fernando C. Castro, William T. M. Irvine and Dmitri V. Talapin Epitaxial crystal growth is widely used in electronics for the rational design of efficient devices. Here, Rupich et al. find a universal law for island size scaling, which outlines similarities and differences between self-assembly of nanocrystals and atomic epitaxial growth. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6045 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  A chemo-centric view of human health and disease Miquel Duran-Frigola, David Rossell and Patrick Aloy Forecasting unwanted interactions between drugs and chemicals in human body is an important but yet unmet need. Here the authors build networks that can predict comorbidities and drug side effects, by analysing the existing database that compiles effects of drugs and chemicals on human conditions. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6676 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Oligodendrocyte ablation triggers central pain independently of innate or adaptive immune responses in mice OPEN Simon Gritsch, Jianning Lu, Sebastian Thilemann, Simone Wörtge, Wiebke Möbius, Julia Bruttger, Khalad Karram, Torben Ruhwedel, Michaela Blanfeld, Daniel Vardeh, Ari Waisman, Klaus-Armin Nave and Rohini Kuner Whether oligodendrocytes have a role in the development of chronic pain is not clear. Here the authors show that oligodendrocyte depletion causes a neuropathic pain that sets in before demyelination and is independent of immune cell activation and infiltration. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6472 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Neuroscience  Evolutionary innovation and conservation in the embryonic derivation of the vertebrate skull OPEN Nadine Piekarski, Joshua B. Gross and James Hanken It is unclear whether the embryonic origin of skull bones is evolutionarily conserved. Here, the authors show that the pattern of cranial development of the Mexican axolotl is similar to that reported for other vertebrates, but the pattern in the African clawed frog, another amphibian, is unique. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6661 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Evolution  Symbiotic adaptations in the fungal cultivar of leaf-cutting ants Henrik H. De Fine Licht, Jacobus J. Boomsma and Anders Tunlid Leaf-cutting ants cultivate fungi that have evolved inflated hyphal cells, known as gongylidia, on which the ants feed. Here, the authors perform genetic and transcriptomic analyses of gongylidia, supporting that these fungal structures provide the ants with essential amino acids and plant-degrading enzymes. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6675 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Microbiology  Different thresholds of ZEB1 are required for Ras-mediated tumour initiation and metastasis Yongqing Liu, Xiaoqin Lu, Li Huang, Wei Wang, Guomin Jiang, Kevin C. Dean, Brian Clem, Sucheta Telang, Alfred B. Jenson, Miriam Cuatrecasas, Jason Chesney, Douglas S. Darling, Antonio Postigo and Douglas C. Dean The transcription factor ZEB1 has been implicated in different steps of the metastatic cascade. Here the authors show that heterozygous loss of ZEB1 in a K-Ras-driven mouse model of lung cancer inhibits progression from lung adenomas to adenocarcinomas. 01 December 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6660 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  Integrated Omic analysis of lung cancer reveals metabolism proteome signatures with prognostic impact Lei Li, Yuhong Wei, Christine To, Chang-Qi Zhu, Jiefei Tong, Nhu-An Pham, Paul Taylor, Vladimir Ignatchenko, Alex Ignatchenko, Wen Zhang, Dennis Wang, Naoki Yanagawa, Ming Li, Melania Pintilie, Geoffrey Liu, Lakshmi Muthuswamy, Frances A. Shepherd, Ming Sound Tsao, Thomas Kislinger and Michael F. Moran et al. Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the two major subtypes of lung cancer. Here the authors integrate omic data sets, including gene copy number, mRNA expression and proteomics, to identify subtype-specific molecular signatures and candidate drivers linked to ADC and SCC. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6469 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Disorder-induced topological change of the superconducting gap structure in iron pnictides Y. Mizukami, M. Konczykowski, Y. Kawamoto, S. Kurata, S. Kasahara, K. Hashimoto, V. Mishra, A. Kreisel, Y. Wang, P. J. Hirschfeld, Y. Matsuda and T. Shibauchi The superconducting gap of most unconventional superconductors has nodes that support low-energy excitations. Mizukami et al. report that disorder introduced by electron irradiation in BaFe2(As1−xPx)2 induces a sequence of transitions from a nodal to a nodeless gap and then to another gapless state. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6657 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Photon energy upconversion through thermal radiation with the power efficiency reaching 16% Junxin Wang, Tian Ming, Zhao Jin, Jianfang Wang, Ling-Dong Sun and Chun-Hua Yan Energy transfer upconversion can increase the absorption efficiency but has been limited by multiphonon relaxation. Here, Wang et al. demonstrate that photon energy upconversion by thermal radiation benefits from multiphonon relaxation and achieves efficiencies as high as 16%. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6669 Physical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Optical physics  Optical transmission enhacement through chemically tuned two-dimensional bismuth chalcogenide nanoplates Jie Yao, Kristie J. Koski, Weidong Luo, Judy J. Cha, Liangbing Hu, Desheng Kong, Vijay Kris Narasimhan, Kaifu Huo and Yi Cui Recent studies have shown that the electronic properties of two-dimensional bismuth chalcogenides can be modified by chemical intercalation. Here, Yao et al. demonstrate that the optical transmission in bismuth chacogenide nanoplates can be tuned by intercalation of copper atoms. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6670 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Unique features of the m6A methylome in Arabidopsis thaliana Guan-Zheng Luo, Alice MacQueen, Guanqun Zheng, Hongchao Duan, Louis C. Dore, Zhike Lu, Jun Liu, Kai Chen, Guifang Jia, Joy Bergelson and Chuan He Modification of mRNA with N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is proposed to regulate transcript stability. Here, Jia et al. uncover plant-specific features in the m6A methylome of Arabidopsis, such as methylation enrichment around the start codon, and suggest a positive role in gene expression. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6630 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Strong coupling between chlorosomes of photosynthetic bacteria and a confined optical cavity mode David M. Coles, Yanshen Yang, Yaya Wang, Richard T. Grant, Robert A. Taylor, Semion K. Saikin, Alán Aspuru-Guzik, David G. Lidzey, Joseph Kuo-Hsiang Tang and Jason M. Smith Photosynthetic bacteria growing in low light environments have evolved to use small amounts of light with high efficiency. Here, Coles et al. demonstrate strong exciton–photon coupling of about 1,000 chlorosomes to a confined cavity mode thus modifying the energy levels of the light-harvesting process. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6561 Physical Sciences  Biophysics  Optical physics  Endopolyploidization and flowering time are antagonistically regulated by checkpoint component MAD1 and immunity modulator MOS1 Zhilong Bao, Ning Zhang and Jian Hua The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) complex is involved in mitotic quality control in yeast and animals. Here Bao et al. demonstrate that in plants, the SAC complex component MAD1 acts antagonistically to the immune regulator MOS1 to influence endopolyploidization and flowering time. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6628 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Bio-inspired networks for optoelectronic applications Bing Han, Yuanlin Huang, Ruopeng Li, Qiang Peng, Junyi Luo, Ke Pei, Andrzej Herczynski, Krzysztof Kempa, Zhifeng Ren and Jinwei Gao Biological systems, subject to evolutionary optimization over millions of years, have been a source of ingenious solutions in many areas of science. Here, Han et al. develop transparent electrodes inspired by two such systems: a leaf venation and a spider’s web. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6674 Physical Sciences  Biophysics  Materials science  Optical physics  The emergence of modern sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean Jochen Knies, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Simon T. Belt, Soma Baranwal, Susanne Fietz and Antoni Rosell-Melé Reconstructing past sea ice coverage in the Arctic is important for future climate predictions. Here, the authors present a new sea ice record from the Eurasian sector of the Arctic Ocean and report that Arctic sea ice reached its modern winter maximum for the first time 2.6 million years ago. 28 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6608 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Oceanography  In-cell NMR reveals potential precursor of toxic species from SOD1 fALS mutants Enrico Luchinat, Letizia Barbieri, Jeffrey T. Rubino, Tatiana Kozyreva, Francesca Cantini and Lucia Banci Mutations in the enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) underlie a form of neurodegenerative disease called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here the authors employ in-cell NMR to show that SOD1 mutants adopt unstructured conformations that are unable to bind zinc and may form toxic SOD1 aggregates. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6502 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Evolution of dominance mechanisms at a butterfly mimicry supergene OPEN Yann Le Poul, Annabel Whibley, Mathieu Chouteau, Florence Prunier, Violaine Llaurens and Mathieu Joron The evolution of genetic dominance in polymorphic traits remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that distinct dominance mechanisms have evolved in association with supergene inversions controlling wing pattern in Heliconius butterflies, in response to strong selection favouring mimicry. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6644 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  A genetic variant of p53 restricts the mucous secretory phenotype by regulating SPDEF and Bcl-2 expression Hitendra S. Chand, Gilbert Montano, Xuesong Huang, Scott H. Randell, Yohannes Mebratu, Hans Petersen and Yohannes Tesfaigzi p53 suppresses the proto-oncogene, Bcl-2, but the mechanism of this regulation is unclear. Here the authors show that p53 regulates bcl-2 mRNA half-life by interacting with its 5′ untranslated region, which has implications on Bcl-2 activity and mucous production in the lung. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6567 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Exposing a dynamical signature of the freezing transition through the sound propagation gap V. A. Martinez, E. Zaccarelli, E. Sanz, C. Valeriani and W. van Megen It is known that thermal density fluctuations drive crystal nucleation during freezing of a liquid. Here, the authors perform simulations that suggest that this picture may be incomplete, due to a change in the long-time decay of the correlation function at the freezing point in mono- and poly-disperse packings. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6503 Physical Sciences  Fluids and plasma physics  FGF signalling restricts haematopoietic stem cell specification via modulation of the BMP pathway Claire Pouget, Tessa Peterkin, Filipa Costa Simões, Yoonsung Lee, David Traver and Roger Patient BMP signalling is required for the emergence of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from the zebrafish dorsal aorta. Here the authors show that FGF signalling negatively regulates HSC emergence by downregulating BMP activity in the zebrafish subaortic mesenchyme and upregulating the expression of BMP antagonists in the somite. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6588 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Double-sieving-defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase causes protein mistranslation and affects cellular physiology and development OPEN Jiongming Lu, Martin Bergert, Anita Walther and Beat Suter Accurate loading of amino acids to their cognate tRNA is essential to avoid mistranslation during protein synthesis, which has been linked to human diseases. Here, Lu et al. present a Drosophila model that demonstrates the necessity of two distinct ‘sieves’ to ensure accurate amino acid loading for proper development. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6650 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Molecular biology  Observing optical coherence across Fock layers with weak-field homodyne detectors Gaia Donati, Tim J. Bartley, Xian-Min Jin, Mihai-Dorian Vidrighin, Animesh Datta, Marco Barbieri and Ian A. Walmsley While most quantum optical techniques reveal either the wave or particle nature of light, weak-field homodyne detection combines wave- and particle-like descriptions. Here, Donati et al. employ this hybrid detection scheme to study the coherence between photon number states across two-mode entangled states. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6584 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Long non-coding RNA-mediated transcriptional interference of a permease gene confers drug tolerance in fission yeast OPEN Ryan Ard, Pin Tong and Robin C. Allshire The presence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is pervasive across genomes, yet few lncRNAs have clearly established mechanisms of action. Here the authors demonstrate that the fission yeast lncRNA nc-tgp1 regulates expression of the drug tolerance gene tgp1+ via+ transcriptional interference. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6576 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Genetics  Ligand-engaged TCR is triggered by Lck not associated with CD8 coreceptor Javier Casas, Joanna Brzostek, Veronika I. Zarnitsyna, Jin-sung Hong, Qianru Wei, John A. H. Hoerter, Guo Fu, Jeanette Ampudia, Rose Zamoyska, Cheng Zhu and Nicholas R. J. Gascoigne The early signalling events that trigger initial T-cell receptor signalling are not clearly defined. Here the authors show that this occurs in two stages, the first between the CD8 coreceptor and CD3 requiring Lck association to CD8, while the second interaction requires binding of major histocompatibility molecules. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6624 Biological Sciences  Immunology  FGF signalling specifies haematopoietic stem cells through its regulation of somitic Notch signalling Yoonsung Lee, Jennifer E. Manegold, Albert D. Kim, Claire Pouget, David L. Stachura, Wilson K. Clements and David Traver In zebrafish embryos, Wnt and Notch signalling have been implicated in the emergence of haematopoietic stem cells during somitogenesis. Here the authors show that FGF signalling via FGFR4 acts downstream of Wnt signalling to regulate the levels of the Notch ligand DeltaC and therefore Notch pathway activity. 27 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6583 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Photon-assisted tunnelling with nonclassical light OPEN J. -R. Souquet, M. J. Woolley, J. Gabelli, P. Simon and A. A. Clerk Coherently coupling microwave photons to quantum electronic conductors could provide a useful platform for quantum information processing. Souquet et al. now theoretically demonstrate that such systems can also act as sensitive probes of the quantum properties of non-classical microwave radiation. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6562 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Iron catalysed direct alkylation of amines with alcohols Tao Yan, Ben L Feringa and Katalin Barta Direct alkylation of amines with alcohols is an atom-efficient and environmentally benign process. Here, the authors show that catalysts based on iron—an inexpensive and readily available metal—can carry out this process with high conversions and good substrate scope. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6602 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Organic chemistry  DNA methylation signatures link prenatal famine exposure to growth and metabolism OPEN Elmar W. Tobi, Jelle J. Goeman, Ramin Monajemi, Hongcang Gu, Hein Putter, Yanju Zhang, Roderick C. Slieker, Arthur P. Stok, Peter E. Thijssen, Fabian Müller, Erik W. van Zwet, Christoph Bock, Alexander Meissner, L. H. Lumey, P. Eline Slagboom and Bastiaan T. Heijmans The long-term effect of prenatal nutrition on gene regulation is largely unknown. Here the authors identify differentially methylated regions in whole blood from individuals exposed to famine early after conception, and show that these epigenetic changes may have adverse metabolic consequences later in life. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6592 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Genetics  Biology of a widespread uncultivated archaeon that contributes to carbon fixation in the subsurface Alexander J. Probst, Thomas Weinmaier, Kasie Raymann, Alexandra Perras, Joanne B. Emerson, Thomas Rattei, Gerhard Wanner, Andreas Klingl, Ivan A. Berg, Marcos Yoshinaga, Bernhard Viehweger, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Brian C. Thomas, Sandra Meck, Anna K. Auerbach, Matthias Heise, Arno Schintlmeister, Markus Schmid, Michael Wagner, Simonetta Gribaldo et al. Research on microbes that inhabit the Earth's subsurface is mostly based on metagenomic information only. Here, Probst et al. combine metagenomics with ultrastructural and functional analyses to study the biology of a group of uncultivated subsurface archaea, the SM1 Euryarchaeon lineage. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6497 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Genetics  Microbiology  Afforestation or intense pasturing improve the ecological and economic value of abandoned tropical farmlands OPEN Thomas Knoke, Jörg Bendix, Perdita Pohle, Ute Hamer, Patrick Hildebrandt, Kristin Roos, Andrés Gerique, María L. Sandoval, Lutz Breuer, Alexander Tischer, Brenner Silva, Baltazar Calvas, Nikolay Aguirre, Luz M. Castro, David Windhorst, Michael Weber, Bernd Stimm, Sven Günter, Ximena Palomeque, Julio Mora et al. Restoration of abandoned farmlands has the potential to improve ecosystem functions and benefits. Using a multidisciplinary approach, Knoke et al. show that ecological and economic indicators favour either afforestation or intense pasturing of these abandoned areas in the tropical Andes. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6612 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Cytoplasmic dynein transports cargos via load-sharing between the heads Vladislav Belyy, Nathan L Hendel, Alexander Chien and Ahmet Yildiz Dynein is a microtubule-based motor protein, but the mechanism of how it generates force is not clear. Here, Belyy et al. use an optical trapping approach to measure force and conclude that the two dynein heads function through a unique load sharing mechanism allowing them to work against forces greater than an individual head. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6544 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Sponge-like molecular cage for purification of fullerenes Cristina García-Simón, Marc Garcia-Borràs, Laura Gómez, Teodor Parella, Sílvia Osuna, Jordi Juanhuix, Inhar Imaz, Daniel Maspoch, Miquel Costas and Xavi Ribas Mixtures of various size fullerenes are available as a component of fullerene soot, but isolating pure fullerenes is a challenging task. Here, the authors use a porphyrin-based supramolecular cage that encapsulates fullerenes with high selectivity and releases C60 by a simple washing technique. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6557 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Laminar activity in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex related to novelty and episodic encoding OPEN Anne Maass, Hartmut Schütze, Oliver Speck, Andrew Yonelinas, Claus Tempelmann, Hans-Jochen Heinze, David Berron, Arturo Cardenas-Blanco, Kay H. Brodersen, Klaas Enno Stephan and Emrah Düzel Long term memory formation requires the processing of information within the hippocampus (HC) and entorhinal cortex (EC). Here, the authors show that activity patterns involving superficial layers of EC code for novelty, whereas patterns involving deep layers of EC code for subsequent memory. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6547 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Targeted and genome-wide sequencing reveal single nucleotide variations impacting specificity of Cas9 in human stem cells Luhan Yang, Dennis Grishin, Gang Wang, John Aach, Cheng-Zhong Zhang, Raj Chari, Jason Homsy, Xuyu Cai, Yue Zhao, Jian-Bing Fan, Christine Seidman, Jonathan Seidman, William Pu and George Church The microbial RNA-guided CRISPR/Cas9 system has robust genome-editing activities, but the off-target effects of the Cas9 nuclease have only recently begun to be analysed. Here the authors provide evidence for high specificity of the Cas9 nuclease on targeting of the Tafazzin gene in human-induced pluripotent stem cells and demonstrate the impact of single-nucleotide variations of the human genome on Cas9 specificity. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6507 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Quantum well states and amplified spin-dependent Friedel oscillations in thin films Mohammed Bouhassoune, Bernd Zimmermann, Phivos Mavropoulos, Daniel Wortmann, Peter H. Dederichs, Stefan Blügel and Samir Lounis Friedel oscillations are ripples in the electron density surrounding a charge impurity. Bouhassoune et al. now use first-principle calculations to show that Friedel oscillation surrounding an oxygen impurity in a ferromagnetic film can be engineered and amplified by choice of substrate and film thickness 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6558 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Epigenetic memory of the first cell fate decision prevents complete ES cell reprogramming into trophoblast OPEN Francesco Cambuli, Alexander Murray, Wendy Dean, Dominika Dudzinska, Felix Krueger, Simon Andrews, Claire E. Senner, Simon J. Cook and Myriam Hemberger Various strategies have been reported to generate mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Here the authors show that, regardless of the strategy used for TSC generation, these retain an epigenetic and transcriptional memory of the ESC origin and the transition remains incomplete. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6538 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Genetics  HSP90 regulates DNA repair via the interaction between XRCC1 and DNA polymerase β Qingming Fang, Burcu Inanc, Sandy Schamus, Xiao-hong Wang, Leizhen Wei, Ashley R. Brown, David Svilar, Kelsey F. Sugrue, Eva M. Goellner, Xuemei Zeng, Nathan A. Yates, Li Lan, Conchita Vens and Robert W. Sobol DNA repair is crucial to maintain cellular genome stability and integrity. Here, the authors show that XRCC1 and DNA polymerase β, two essential proteins in DNA repair, heterodimerize to protect the latter from proteasome degradation. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6513 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  Multiple haplotype-resolved genomes reveal population patterns of gene and protein diplotypes OPEN Margret R. Hoehe, George M. Church, Hans Lehrach, Thomas Kroslak, Stefanie Palczewski, Katja Nowick, Sabrina Schulz, Eun-Kyung Suk and Thomas Huebsch Knowing which genetic variants exist on either parental chromosome requires diploid human genomes to be phased. Here the authors generate haplotype-resolved genomes and identify a large diversity of haploid and diploid gene forms, a common diplotypic proteome, and an abundance of cis configurations of mutations, highlighting the functional importance of diploidy. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6569 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Non-additivity of molecule-surface van der Waals potentials from force measurements OPEN Christian Wagner, Norman Fournier, Victor G. Ruiz, Chen Li, Klaus Müllen, Michael Rohlfing, Alexandre Tkatchenko, Ruslan Temirov and F. Stefan Tautz Van der Waals interactions are difficult to calculate at an atomistic level for moderate sized structures due to the many distinct atoms involved. Here, the authors measure the van der Waals force between an organic molecule and a metal surface, examining the non-additive part of these interactions. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6568 Chemical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Nanotechnology  Physical chemistry  Community-integrated omics links dominance of a microbial generalist to fine-tuned resource usage OPEN Emilie E. L. Muller, Nicolás Pinel, Cédric C. Laczny, Michael R. Hoopmann, Shaman Narayanasamy, Laura A. Lebrun, Hugo Roume, Jake Lin, Patrick May, Nathan D. Hicks, Anna Heintz-Buschart, Linda Wampach, Cindy M. Liu, Lance B. Price, John D. Gillece, Cédric Guignard, James M. Schupp, Nikos Vlassis, Nitin S. Baliga, Robert L. Moritz et al. Within microbial communities, microorganisms adopt different lifestyle strategies to use the available resources. Here, the authors use an integrated ‘multi-omic’ approach to study niche breadth (generalist versus specialist lifestyles) in oleaginous microbial assemblages from an anoxic wastewater treatment tank. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6603 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Microbiology  Systems biology  Neural progenitor cells orchestrate microglia migration and positioning into the developing cortex Benedetta Arnò, Francesca Grassivaro, Chiara Rossi, Andrea Bergamaschi, Valentina Castiglioni, Roberto Furlan, Melanie Greter, Rebecca Favaro, Giancarlo Comi, Burkhard Becher, Gianvito Martino and Luca Muzio Microglia colonize germinal regions of the developing cerebral cortex and contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis but the mechanisms that regulate this are not clear. Here the authors show that brain progenitor cells, through the secretion of the chemokine Cxcl12, drive microglia to cluster into the germinal regions of the developing mouse cerebral cortex. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6611 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Neuroscience  X-ray imaging of chemically active valence electrons during a pericyclic reaction OPEN Timm Bredtmann, Misha Ivanov and Gopal Dixit X-ray scattering experiments give details of the electrons in a system, although typically this is dominated by core and inert valence electrons. Here, the authors report a method to follow changes in the chemically active valence electrons, and use it to study the reaction mechanism of a pericyclic reaction. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6589 Chemical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Physical chemistry  Contrasting benefits of different artemisinin combination therapies as first-line malaria treatments using model-based cost-effectiveness analysis OPEN Lucy C. Okell, Matthew Cairns, Jamie T. Griffin, Neil M. Ferguson, Joel Tarning, George Jagoe, Pierre Hugo, Mark Baker, Umberto D’Alessandro, Teun Bousema, David Ubben and Azra C. Ghani Several drug combinations with different properties are used for malaria treatment. Here, Okell et al. use a mathematical model to simulate malaria transmission and treatment with two drug combinations in Africa, and find that locally optimized policies can be highly cost effective for reducing malaria burden. 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6606 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Microbiology    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Researcher John Innes Centre (JIC) Postdoctoral Research Associate University of Virginia IRC172573 Post-doc BBSRC-DBT Grant The Pirbright Institute Lab technician University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine Postdoctoral Fellow European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) PhD Studentship Cardiff University Research Associate University of Cambridge Research Associate Centre for Heart Lung Innovation Postdoctoral Research Assistant University of Bristol Staff Scientist The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT 8th International Meeting on Steroids and Nervous system 14.02.15 Orbassano, Italy More science events from       Latest Corrigendum     Corrigendum: All-optical polariton transistor D. Ballarini, M. De Giorgi, E. Cancellieri, R. Houdré, E. Giacobino, R. Cingolani, A. Bramati, G. Gigli and D. Sanvitto 26 November 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6625 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Optical physics      Advertisement Open for Submissions: 2013 IMPACT FACTOR 2.909 The only fully indexed scientific journal devoted to the management of respiratory diseases in primary care. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article:http://bit.ly/1sFLmMp   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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