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SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: September 18 2014, Volume 7 / Issue 36

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

September 25 2014, Volume 7 / Issue 37

Analysis

Cover Story
Translational Notes
Targets and Mechanisms

The Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease
Cancer
Endocrine/metabolic disease
Infectious disease
Inflammation
Neurology

The Distillery: Techniques

Chemistry
Drug platforms
Imaging
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Analysis

Cover Story

Top

Interrupting Ebola
Tracey Baas
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1088
Although different companies are pursuing antibodies, vaccines or siRNAs to fight Ebola, many researchers believe it is not a race between them but a combination of approaches that will win the day.
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Translational Notes

Top

Canadian accelerant
Lauren Martz
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1089
Two Canadian venture firms and a government-funded program have launched Canada's first national health science accelerator, Accel-Rx, to reignite local VC interest in funding early stage biotechs.
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Targets and Mechanisms

Top

ALK7's obese functions
Chris Cain
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1090
Researchers have shown that inhibiting ALK7 can increase energy expenditure in fat cells and suggest the protein could be a target for obesity. Acceleron Pharma has licensed the findings and is pursuing a discovery program for ALK7 antagonists.
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Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease

Top

Salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1; SIK)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1091
In vitro studies suggest SIK inhibitors could help treat IBD.
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Cancer

Top

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1092
Studies in mice and patient samples suggest antagonizing TGFB1 signaling could help treat medulloblastoma.
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Aurora kinase A (AURKA; aurora-A); v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene neuroblastoma derived (MYCN; NMYC)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1093
Mouse and in vitro studies have identified compounds that disrupt the catalytic activity and active conformation of aurora-A and could be useful for treating MYCN-driven cancers.
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AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1094
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest combination treatment with AXL inhibitors and anti-mitotic agents could help treat cancer drug resistance associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO); epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1095
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest AXL inhibitors could help circumvent resistance to the anti-EGFR mAb Erbitux cetuximab.
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CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2; IL8RB); lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G (LY6G; GR1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1096
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest blocking recruitment of GR1+ myeloid cells to tumors could help prevent chemotherapy resistance.
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Endocrine/metabolic disease

Top

DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 11 (DNAJB11; ERdj3); glucocerebrosidase (GBA; GCase)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1097
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting ERdj3 could help treat Gaucher's disease, a lysosomal storage disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in GCase.
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Activin A receptor type 1C (ACVR1C; ALK7)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1098
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting ALK7 in adipose tissue could help treat obesity.
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Infectious disease

Top

Ebola glycoprotein GP1; Ebola glycoprotein GP2
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1099
Guinea pig and nonhuman primate studies suggest ZMapp could help treat Ebola virus infection.
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Ebola glycoprotein GP1; Ebola glycoprotein GP2
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1100
Nonhuman primate studies suggest a prime-boost vaccination regimen using chimpanzee-derived replication-defective adenovirus 3 (ChAd3) vectors and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectors that both encode Ebola glycoproteins could help protect against Ebola infection.
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HIV gp120; HIV gp41
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1101
In vitro studies suggest a small molecule inhibiting the HIV envelope glycoprotein could be useful for developing broadly acting HIV drugs.
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HIV gp120; HIV gp41
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1102
Studies in patient samples and in vitro suggest the broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) 35O22 could help treat HIV.
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Multiple virulence factor regulator (MvfR)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1103
Mouse and cell culture studies have identified benzamide-benzimidazole–based inhibitors of MvfR that could help treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
Full Text | PDF

Inflammation

Top

Phospholipase A2 group IVA cytosolic calcium-dependent (PLA2G4A; cPLA2-α)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1104
Rodent and cell culture studies have identified a series of 3-(1-aryl-1H-indol-5-yl) propanoic acid–based cPLA2-α inhibitors that could help treat inflammatory conditions.
Full Text | PDF

Neurology

Top

Not applicable
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1105
Studies in humans suggest targeted, noninvasive electromagnetic stimulation to modulate cortical-hippocampal networks could help improve associative memory.
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family mitochondrial (ALDH2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1106
Rodent studies suggest stimulating ALDH2 could help treat pain.
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Distillery: Techniques

Chemistry

Top

Activity-directed synthesis of bioactive scaffolds
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1107
Activity-directed synthesis could enhance the efficiency of bioactive scaffold discovery.
Full Text | PDF

Drug platforms

Top

Cell membrane–cloaked polymeric nanoparticles to clear autoreactive antibodies associated with autoimmune diseases
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1108
Nanoparticles cloaked in cell membranes could help clear autoreactive antibodies associated with autoimmune conditions such as hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia.
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Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 genome editing to cure latent viral infections
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1109
CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing could be used to help treat latent viral infections.
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Cultured human muscle satellite cells to restore gene function in muscular dystrophies
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1110
Cell culture and mouse studies suggest cultured human muscle satellite cells could be used to restore gene function to treat muscular dystrophies.
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Imaging

Top

Nanoparticle-based imaging system using the metadherin (MTDH; AEG1) promoter to image prostate cancer
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.1111
A nanoparticle-based imaging system that uses the AEG1 promoter could be useful for detecting metastatic prostate cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Top

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