Nature Physics September Issue

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Advertisement A*STAR Research - Highlighting the best of research at the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore's premier research organization   Recent Highlights Electronics: Magnetic memories on the right track | Microfluidics: Mixing through oscillations | Nanotechnology: Paving the way for electronic applications Download the A*STAR Research app now!  TABLE OF CONTENTS September 2014 Volume 10, Issue 9 Editorials Commentary Correction Thesis Books and Arts Research Highlights News and Views Letters Articles Futures Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Nature has once again been ranked the N0.1 weekly science journal with an Impact Factor of 42.351*. To celebrate we are offering you the opportunity to subscribe at an exclusive limited time offer of only $42, £42 or €42. This is a limited time offer - so don't miss out and subscribe today!*2013 Journal Citation Reports® (Thomson Reuters, 2014)      Editorials Top Independence day   p615 doi:10.1038/nphys3095 If Scotland votes to leave the United Kingdom, will the independent nation maintain its level of science funding? In with the new   p615 doi:10.1038/nphys3100 As the ninth year of Nature Physics draws to a close, we say goodbye to our launching Chief Editor, Alison Wright, and welcome her successor, Andrea Taroni, to the team. Commentary Top Benefits of diversity   pp616 - 617 Abraham Loeb doi:10.1038/nphys3089 Discoveries in astronomy — or, in fact, any branch of science — can only happen when people are open-minded and willing to take risks. Correction Top Correction   p617 doi:10.1038/nphys3082 Thesis Top Hello?   p618 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys3088 Books and Arts Top Done right   p619 Andreas Trabesinger reviews How Not to be Wrong: The Hidden Maths of Everyday Life by Jordan Ellenberg doi:10.1038/nphys3080 Research Highlights Top Something fishy | Cheap trick | Scatter plot | Stacks of potential | The outsider News and Views Top Quantum biology: A vibrant environment   pp621 - 622 Susana F. Huelga and Martin B. Plenio doi:10.1038/nphys3047 Detection of coherent energy transport has fuelled claims that quantum effects make photosynthesis more efficient. Experiments now show that the interplay between electronic and vibrational motion also sustains coherence in the subsequent charge-separation process. See also: Article by Romero et al. Quantum physics: The other sight   p622 Federico Levi doi:10.1038/nphys3087 Artificial spin ice: The unhappy wanderer   pp623 - 624 Robert L. Stamps doi:10.1038/nphys3072 Frustration in spin systems can emerge geometrically in the absence of intrinsic energetic degeneracy — a topologically induced state that can be visualized in terms of a lattice walk. Now, evidence confirms that the exotic 'shakti' lattice gives rise to such a topology. See also: Article by Gilbert et al. Spectroscopy: Vibrant colours   p624 Iulia Georgescu doi:10.1038/nphys3086 Quantum information: Show, don't tell   pp625 - 626 Yi-Kai Liu doi:10.1038/nphys3058 Probing an unknown quantum state is a resource-intensive endeavour. Now, it is shown that it may be faster to record observations that are themselves quantum superpositions, rather than classical data. See also: Letter by Lloyd et al. Cell migration: A force to be reckoned with   pp626 - 627 Miranda V. Hunter and Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez doi:10.1038/nphys3074 A cable-like ring of biopolymers helps to pull cells together across the site of a wound. Widely thought to be homogeneous, the traction forces involved are actually remarkably heterogeneous — revealing an unexpected pattern of force generation during wound repair. See also: Article by Brugués et al. Physics of water: Crystal-clear transition   pp628 - 629 Francis W. Starr doi:10.1038/nphys3059 Liquid-liquid phase separation is counted among the peculiar phenomena attributed to pure water, but rapid crystallization has rendered its existence hard to prove. Evidence of a 'naked' liquid-liquid transition in a system unencumbered by crystallization encourages us to keep searching. See also: Letter by Smallenburg et al. Physics JOBS of the week Associate Professor within Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), Department of Physics and Astronomy (ID 676076) Aarhus University Postdoctoral Fellowship in Physics Lund University Purdue University - Department Head of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University Postdoc in experimental physics Leiden Institute of Physics Post-Doctoral Researchers Positions in Solid State Physics Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics More Science jobs from Physics EVENT Physics of Emergent Behaviour 2015 9th July - 10th July 2015 London, UK More science events from Letters Top Quantum principal component analysis   pp631 - 633 Seth Lloyd, Masoud Mohseni and Patrick Rebentrost doi:10.1038/nphys3029 Characterizing an unknown quantum state typically relies on analysing the outcome of a large set of measurements. Certain quantum-processing tasks are now shown to be realizable using only approximate knowledge of the state, which can be gathered with exponentially fewer resources. See also: News and Views by Liu Underdoped superconducting cuprates as topological superconductors   pp634 - 637 Yuan-Ming Lu, Tao Xiang and Dung-Hai Lee doi:10.1038/nphys3021 High-Tc superconducting cuprates exhibit gap nodes. Recent experiments have revealed the existence of a node-free superconducting-like energy gap in deeply underdoped cuprates. Now it is argued that such systems are topological superconductors with antiferromagnetic order. Induced superconductivity in the quantum spin Hall edge   pp638 - 643 Sean Hart, Hechen Ren, Timo Wagner, Philipp Leubner, Mathias Mühlbauer et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3036 Majorana fermions, which are their own antiparticles, are expected to exist in topological superconductors. A study using superconducting leads in contact with a quantum well reveals the presence of supercurrents along one-dimensional sample edges of a quantum spin Hall state. These edge supercurrents are topological. Intrinsic Josephson junctions in the iron-based multi-band superconductor (V2Sr4O6)Fe2As2   pp644 - 647 Philip J. W. Moll, Xiyu Zhu, Peng Cheng, Hai-Hu Wen and Bertram Batlogg doi:10.1038/nphys3034 In a Josephson junction, a current flows from one superconductor to another through a barrier without any voltage being applied. SQUIDs, for example, are based on this phenomenon. Now, an iron-based multi-band superconductor shows signs of intrinsic Josephson junctions, opening up prospects for applications. NMR profiling of quantum electron solids in high magnetic fields   pp648 - 652 L. Tiemann, T. D. Rhone, N. Shibata and K. Muraki doi:10.1038/nphys3031 Under certain conditions electrons in confined systems can solidify into Wigner crystals. Nuclear magnetic resonance is used to probe the local electron density of a two-dimensional system in quantum Hall regimes, revealing the role of quantum and thermal fluctuations in Wigner crystallization. Erasing no-man’s land by thermodynamically stabilizing the liquid-liquid transition in tetrahedral particles   pp653 - 657 Frank Smallenburg, Laura Filion and Francesco Sciortino doi:10.1038/nphys3030 Numerical evidence now supports the idea that a liquid-liquid transition forms a generic feature of tetrahedrally coordinated liquids. This result establishes the physical validity of such a transition and provides a possible explanation for the anomalous behaviour of liquid water. See also: News and Views by Starr Generation and reversal of surface flows by propagating waves   pp658 - 663 Horst Punzmann, Nicolas Francois, Hua Xia, Gregory Falkovich and Michael Shats doi:10.1038/nphys3041 Fetching an object by means of sending a wave—impossible? Not necessarily. As now demonstrated experimentally, generating waves on a water surface using a set of plungers can cause a floating particle to move counter to the general direction of wave propagation. The effect originates from vorticity creation by steep 3D waves. Articles Top One-dimensional topological edge states of bismuth bilayers   pp664 - 669 Ilya K. Drozdov, A. Alexandradinata, Sangjun Jeon, Stevan Nadj-Perge, Huiwen Ji et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3048 The conducting surface states of 3D topological insulators are two-dimensional. In an analogous way, the edge states of 2D topological insulators are one-dimensional. Direct evidence of this one-dimensionality is now presented, by means of scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, for bismuth bilayers—one of the first theoretically predicted 2D topological insulators. Emergent ice rule and magnetic charge screening from vertex frustration in artificial spin ice   pp670 - 675 Ian Gilbert, Gia-Wei Chern, Sheng Zhang, Liam O’Brien, Bryce Fore et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3037 The shakti lattice describes a new type of frustration not found in naturally occurring materials. Fabrication of the first artificial spin-ice array displaying shakti dynamics confirms the locally ordered, globally degenerate nature of these exotic lattice structures. See also: News and Views by Stamps Quantum coherence in photosynthesis for efficient solar-energy conversion   pp676 - 682 Elisabet Romero, Ramunas Augulis, Vladimir I. Novoderezhkin, Marco Ferretti, Jos Thieme et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3017 Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopic data and theoretical simulations provide the most convincing evidence so far that organisms exploit quantum coherence for efficient energy conversion during photosynthesis. See also: News and Views by Huelga & Plenio Forces driving epithelial wound healing   pp683 - 690 Agustí Brugués, Ester Anon, Vito Conte, Jim H. Veldhuis, Mukund Gupta et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3040 Wound repair is thought to involve cell migration and the contraction of a tissue-level biopolymer ring—invoking analogy with the pulling of purse strings. Traction-force measurements now show that this ring engages the tissue's surroundings to steer migration, prompting revision of the purse-string mechanism. See also: News and Views by Hunter & Fernandez-Gonzalez Information transfer and behavioural inertia in starling flocks   pp691 - 696 Alessandro Attanasi, Andrea Cavagna, Lorenzo Del Castello, Irene Giardina, Tomas S. Grigera et al. doi:10.1038/nphys3035 How do flocks of birds remain cohesive while dodging predators? A study tracking up to 400 starlings reveals that information propagates in a linear fashion and with no attenuation, meaning that the language of phase transitions in correlated materials can be used to describe flocking behaviour. Futures Top Waste knot, want knot   p698 Alvaro Zinos-Amaro doi:10.1038/nphys3102 A trip to the shops. Top Advertisement New from Nature Publishing Group-  Nature Research Briefings Nature Research Briefings: Graphene is a collection of recently published Research Highlights and News and Views selected from across the Nature Publishing Group journals. Each edition of Nature Research Briefings highlights some of the latest and most exciting developments in key areas of interest. Available for FREE as a downloadable PDF.     Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. 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