|  | | Weekly Content Alert
|  | 17 September 2014 |  | Featured image: |  |  |  | Wise and Dannenberg link tree ring width to atmospheric pressure and provide insight into historic climate changes over the past 1500 years. | | | | | |  | Advertisement |  | The Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nature Genetics, and Nature Reviews Cancer present: NUCLEAR REPROGRAMMING AND THE CANCER GENOME 2014 October 31- November 2, 2014 Ramada Plaza, Guangzhou, China Click here for more information or to register for this conference today. |  | | |  | | | Latest Articles | View all Articles | | |  A rare variant in APOC3 is associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels in Europeans OPEN |  | Nicholas J. Timpson, Klaudia Walter, Josine L. Min, Ioanna Tachmazidou, Giovanni Malerba, So-Youn Shin, Lu Chen, Marta Futema, Lorraine Southam, Valentina Iotchkova, Massimiliano Cocca, Jie Huang, Yasin Memari, Shane McCarthy, Petr Danecek, Dawn Muddyman, Massimo Mangino, Cristina Menni, John R. B. Perry, Susan M. Ring et al. |  | Population-based genome sequencing provides an increasingly rich resource for the identification of low-frequency, large effect variants associated with clinically important phenotypes. Timpson et al. use UK10K data to identify a variant of the APOC3 gene strongly associated with plasma triglyceride levels. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5871 |  | Biological Sciences Genetics Medical research |   Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy OPEN |  | Beate St Pourcain, Rolieke A.M. Cents, Andrew J.O. Whitehouse, Claire M.A. Haworth, Oliver S.P. Davis, Paul F. O’Reilly, Susan Roulstone, Yvonne Wren, Qi W. Ang, Fleur P. Velders, David M. Evans, John P. Kemp, Nicole M. Warrington, Laura Miller, Nicholas J. Timpson, Susan M. Ring, Frank C. Verhulst, Albert Hofman, Fernando Rivadeneira, Emma L. Meaburn et al. |  | The genetic basis of expressive vocabulary in children around 2 years old is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that a genetic variant near the ROBO2 gene is associated with early language acquisition in the general population and highlight a potential genetic link between language-related common genetic variation and a linkage region for dyslexia, speech-sound disorder and reading. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5831 |  | Biological Sciences Genetics Neuroscience |    A sequence variant in human KALRN impairs protein function and coincides with reduced cortical thickness |  | Theron A. Russell, Katherine D. Blizinsky, Derin J. Cobia, Michael E. Cahill, Zhong Xie, Robert A. Sweet, Jubao Duan, Pablo V. Gejman, Lei Wang, John G. Csernansky and Peter Penzes |  | Mutations of the human KALRN gene are implicated in schizophrenia. Here, Russell et al. identify a genetic variant of this gene in a schizophrenia patient and his sibling diagnosed with major depressive disorder and substance abuse, and find that this is associated with reduced cortical volume and thickness. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5858 |  | Biological Sciences Genetics Medical research Neuroscience |   Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for compound thermoelectrics and new criterion for combustion processing OPEN |  | Xianli Su, Fan Fu, Yonggao Yan, Gang Zheng, Tao Liang, Qiang Zhang, Xin Cheng, Dongwang Yang, Hang Chi, Xinfeng Tang, Qingjie Zhang and Ctirad Uher |  | The existing methods to synthesize thermoelectric materials remain constrained to multi-step processes that are usually time and energy consuming. Here, Su et al. use a fast, one-step combustion approach to synthesize various compounds, which holds promise for scalable industrial processing. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5908 |  | Condensed matter Materials science |   Why nanotubes grow chiral |  | Vasilii I/ Artyukhov, Evgeni S. Penev and Boris I. Yakobson |  | Carbon nanotubes have promising applications in new technologies, but a practical control of their chirality is challenging. Here, Artyukhov et al. show that the chirality is determined by a trade-off between faster growth of chiral nanotubes and preference for achiral tubes during nucleation. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5892 |  | Chemical Sciences Materials science Nanotechnology |  Atomically resolved imaging of highly ordered alternating fluorinated graphene |  | Reza J. Kashtiban, M Adam Dyson, Rahul R. Nair, Recep Zan, Swee L. Wong, Quentin Ramasse, Andre K. Geim, Ursel Bangert and Jeremy Sloan |  | Chemical derivatives of graphene are typically disordered or corrugated, impairing attempts to utilize them in monolayer devices. Here, the authors show that chair-C2F graphene is a stable material displaying long-range order, with functionalization on only one face in a given domain. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5902 |  | Physical Sciences Materials science Nanotechnology |  High-capacity millimetre-wave communications with orbital angular momentum multiplexing OPEN |  | Yan Yan, Guodong Xie, Martin P. J. Lavery, Hao Huang, Nisar Ahmed, Changjing Bao, Yongxiong Ren, Yinwen Cao, Long Li, Zhe Zhao, Andreas F. Molisch, Moshe Tur, Miles J. Padgett and Alan E. Willner |  | High speed data transmission using orbital angular momentum beams has been recently demonstrated. Here, Yan et al. demonstrate a 32 Gbit/s millimetre-wave communication link using eight coaxially propagating independent orbital angular momentum beams with four orbital angular momentum states on two orthogonal polarizations. |  | 16 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5876 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics |  The unlikely Carnot efficiency |  | Gatien Verley, Massimiliano Esposito, Tim Willaert and Christian Van den Broeck |  | Carnot efficiency is the highest theoretically possible efficiency that a heat engine can have. Verley et al. use the fluctuation theorem to show that the Carnot value is the least likely efficiency in the long time limit. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5721 |  | Physical Sciences Theoretical physics |   High-quality electron beams from a helical inverse free-electron laser accelerator |  | J. Duris, P. Musumeci, M. Babzien, M. Fedurin, K. Kusche, R. K. Li, J. Moody, I. Pogorelsky, M. Polyanskiy, J. B. Rosenzweig, Y. Sakai, C. Swinson, E. Threlkeld, O. Williams and V. Yakimenko |  | Electrons moving in strongly curved paths emit radiation that is used in free-electron laser designs. Here, the authors demonstrate the inverse force principle, where a laser light field is used in a compact experimental design to accelerate electrons to produce high-quality electron beams. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5928 |  | Physical Sciences Optical physics Particle physics |       Ultrafast quenching of electron–boson interaction and superconducting gap in a cuprate superconductor |  | Wentao Zhang, Choongyu Hwang, Christopher L. Smallwood, Tristan L. Miller, Gregory Affeldt, Koshi Kurashima, Chris Jozwiak, Hiroshi Eisaki, Tadashi Adachi, Yoji Koike, Dung-Hai Lee and Alessandra Lanzara |  | Superconductivity is the result of many-body interactions between excitations in a solid. Zhang et al. use time- and angle-resolved photoemission to compare photo-induced changes in the electron self-energy of a unconventional superconductor to those in a related material in the metallic state. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5959 |  | Physical Sciences Condensed matter |  Size-independent symmetric division in extraordinarily long cells OPEN |  | Nika Pende, Nikolaus Leisch, Harald R. Gruber-Vodicka, Niels R. Heindl, Jörg Ott, Tanneke den Blaauwen and Silvia Bulgheresi |  | Known mechanisms that determine symmetric division-plane positioning during cell division are unlikely to operate effectively over very long distances. Pende et al. show that extraordinarily long Gammaproteobacteria divide symmetrically despite reaching 120 microns in length |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5803 |  | Biological Sciences Cell biology Microbiology |  Electrically tuned magnetic order and magnetoresistance in a topological insulator |  | Zuocheng Zhang, Xiao Feng, Minghua Guo, Kang Li, Jinsong Zhang, Yunbo Ou, Yang Feng, Lili Wang, Xi Chen, Ke He, Xucun Ma, Qikun Xue and Yayu Wang |  | The magnetic field dependence of the electrical resistance of topological insulators is not well understood. Zhang et al. now incorporate a magnetic topological insulator into a field effect transistor and identify unconventional magnetoresistance behaviour that could be useful in sensing and data storage. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5915 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics Condensed matter |  Genetic deficiency of the mitochondrial protein PGAM5 causes a Parkinson’s-like movement disorder |  | Wei Lu, Senthilkumar S. Karuppagounder, Danielle A. Springer, Michele D. Allen, Lixin Zheng, Brittany Chao, Yan Zhang, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson and Michael Lenardo |  | Mitophagy selectively disposes of dysfunctional mitochondria and defects in this process lead to a variety of mitochondrial diseases. Here the authors report that the mitochondrial protein PGAM5 is required for the stabilization of mitophagy-inducing protein PINK1, and that mice deficient for the gene coding for PGAM5 show signs of neurodegeneration. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5930 |  | Biological Sciences Neuroscience |  Sculpting carbon bonds for allotropic transformation through solid-state re-engineering of –sp2 carbon |  | Hyun Young Jung, Paulo T. Araujo, Young Lae Kim, Sung Mi Jung, Xiaoting Jia, Sanghyun Hong, Chi Won Ahn, Jing Kong, Mildred S. Dresselhaus, Swastik Kar and Yung Joon Jung |  | Inter-allotropic transformation of carbon is of immense fundamental and technological interest, but requires extreme conditions. Here, the authors report a method to transform single-walled carbon nanotubes into other carbon structures with high reproducibility by controlling alternating-voltage pulses. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5941 |  | Physical Sciences Materials science Nanotechnology |   Archaerhodopsin variants with enhanced voltage-sensitive fluorescence in mammalian and Caenorhabditis elegans neurons |  | Nicholas C. Flytzanis, Claire N. Bedbrook, Hui Chiu, Martin K. M. Engqvist, Cheng Xiao, Ken Y. Chan, Paul W. Sternberg, Frances H. Arnold and Viviana Gradinaru |  | An important goal for neuroscience tool development is improving the performance of genetically encoded voltage sensors. Here, the authors report two mutants of Arch, ‘Archers’, with high baseline fluorescence and sensitivity and show proof of principle for detecting voltage changes in response to sensory stimulus in live C. elegans. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5894 |  | Biological Sciences Neuroscience |  Low-temperature carbon monoxide oxidation catalysed by regenerable atomically dispersed palladium on alumina |  | Eric J. Peterson, Andrew T. DeLaRiva, Sen Lin, Ryan S. Johnson, Hua Guo, Jeffrey T. Miller, Ja Hun Kwak, Charles H. F. Peden, Boris Kiefer, Lawrence F. Allard, Fabio H. Ribeiro and Abhaya K. Datye |  | There has been a great deal of interest in single-atom heterogeneous catalysis recently. Here, the authors show that industrially relevant lanthanum oxide-doped alumina supports are capable of stabilizing atomically dispersed palladium species, which are evaluated for low-temperature carbon monoxide oxidation. |  | 15 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5885 |  | Chemical Sciences Catalysis Materials science Physical chemistry |    Basal foot MTOC organizes pillar MTs required for coordination of beating cilia |  | Daniel K. Clare, Jérémy Magescas, Tristan Piolot, Maud Dumoux, Christine Vesque, Evelyne Pichard, Tien Dang, Boris Duvauchelle, Françoise Poirier and Delphine Delacour |  | Coordinated beating of motile cilia is important to clear mucus from the airway. Here, Clare et al. show that galectin-3 at the base of motile cilia in the trachea is important for connecting cortical microtubules to the basal body, and subsequent organization and coordination of beating cilia. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5888 |  | Biological Sciences Cell biology |     Dynamic catch of a Thy-1–α5β1+syndecan-4 trimolecular complex |  | Vincent F. Fiore, Lining Ju, Yunfeng Chen, Cheng Zhu and Thomas H. Barker |  | Molecular details of the synergy between integrins and syndecans are poorly understood. Here, Fiore et al. show that syndecan-4 and α5β1 integrin form a trimolecular complex with Thy-1 that exhibits ‘dynamic catch’ behaviour, in which force strengthens the synergistic binding and modulates signalling at the focal adhesion level. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5886 |  | Biological Sciences Biophysics Cell biology |   An assay to image neuronal microtubule dynamics in mice OPEN |  | Tatjana Kleele, Petar Marinković, Philip R. Williams, Sina Stern, Emily E. Weigand, Peter Engerer, Ronald Naumann, Jana Hartmann, Rosa M. Karl, Frank Bradke, Derron Bishop, Jochen Herms, Arthur Konnerth, Martin Kerschensteiner, Leanne Godinho and Thomas Misgeld |  | Microtubule dynamics in neurons play critical roles in physiology, injury and disease. Here the authors develop a transgenic mouse line expressing a fluorescently tagged version of the microtubule binding protein EB3, and using a range of imaging techniques, study microtubule dynamics under normal and injury conditions in living mice. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5827 |  | Biological Sciences Neuroscience |   Full-length TDP-43 forms toxic amyloid oligomers that are present in frontotemporal lobar dementia-TDP patients |  | Yu-Sheng Fang, Kuen-Jer Tsai, Yu-Jen Chang, Patricia Kao, Rima Woods, Pan-Hsien Kuo, Cheng-Chun Wu, Jhih-Ying Liao, Shih-Chieh Chou, Vinson Lin, Lee-Way Jin, Hanna S. Yuan, Irene H. Cheng, Pang-Hsien Tu and Yun-Ru Chen |  | TDP-43 proteinopathies are characterized by TDP-43 aggregates but the relationship of these aggregates to the pathogenesis is still not well defined. Here, the authors show that the recombinant full-length human TDP-43 forms oligomers that are neurotoxic, can promote the formation of A-beta amyloid oligomers in vitro and can be detected in postmortem brain of patients. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5824 |  | Biological Sciences Neuroscience |   Effect of the size-selective silver clusters on lithium peroxide morphology in lithium–oxygen batteries |  | Jun Lu, Lei Cheng, Kah Chun Lau, Eric Tyo, Xiangyi Luo, Jianguo Wen, Dean Miller, Rajeev S. Assary, Hsien-Hau Wang, Paul Redfern, Huiming Wu, Jin-Bum Park, Yang-Kook Sun, Stefan Vajda, Khalil Amine and Larry A. Curtiss |  | Insights into active sites on cathode surfaces are important in developing lithium–oxygen batteries. Here, Lu et al. present a cathode architecture deposited with precisely controlled small metal clusters, and report a cluster size-dependence of the battery discharge product morphology. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5895 |  | Chemical Sciences Materials science Nanotechnology Physical chemistry |      Comparative genome sequencing reveals genomic signature of extreme desiccation tolerance in the anhydrobiotic midge OPEN |  | Oleg Gusev, Yoshitaka Suetsugu, Richard Cornette, Takeshi Kawashima, Maria D. Logacheva, Alexey S. Kondrashov, Aleksey A. Penin, Rie Hatanaka, Shingo Kikuta, Sachiko Shimura, Hiroyuki Kanamori, Yuichi Katayose, Takashi Matsumoto, Elena Shagimardanova, Dmitry Alexeev, Vadim Govorun, Jennifer Wisecaver, Alexander Mikheyev, Ryo Koyanagi, Manabu Fujie et al. |  | The African chironomid midge, Polypedilum vanderplanki, is able to withstand extreme desiccation. Here the authors sequence the genomes of a desiccation-tolerant and desiccation-sensitive species of chironomid midge and pinpoint genes that may have a role in conferring resistance to desiccation. |  | 12 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5784 |  | Biological Sciences Evolution Genetics |   Mechanistic insight into GPCR-mediated activation of the microtubule-associated RhoA exchange factor GEF-H1 |  | David Meiri, Christopher B. Marshall, Daphna Mokady, Jose LaRose, Michael Mullin, Anne-Claude Gingras, Mitsuhiko Ikura and Robert Rottapel |  | The RhoGEF GEF-H1 is normally sequestered on microtubules via binding dynein light-chain Tctex-1, and is activated by microtubule depolymerization. Here, Meiri et al. describe a new model of GEF-H1 activation by GPCRs, whereby both the Gα and Gβγ subunits bind to GEF-H1 and Tctex-1, respectively, to displace GEF-H1 from intact microtubules. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5857 |  | Biological Sciences Cell biology |  Integrin-linked kinase mediates force transduction in cardiomyocytes by modulating SERCA2a/PLN function |  | Alexandra Traister, Mark Li, Shabana Aafaqi, Mingliang Lu, Sara Arab, Milica Radisic, Gil Gross, Fiorella Guido, John Sherret, Subodh Verma, Cameron Slorach, Luc Mertens, Wei Hui, Anna Roy, Paul Delgado-Olguín, Gregory Hannigan, Jason T. Maynes and John G. Coles |  | The transduction of mechanical forces into signals that alter cardiac contractility is important for heart function. Here the authors show that integrin-linked kinase acts as a mechanosensor in cardiomyocytes, and affects cardiac contractility by regulating SERCA-2a and phospholamban. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5533 |  | Biological Sciences Medical research |   Chemo-mechanics of salt damage in stone |  | Robert J. Flatt, Francesco Caruso, Asel Maria Aguilar Sanchez and George W. Scherer |  | Growth of salt crystals in pores is one of the most damaging weathering mechanisms for stone in ornamental structures and historical buildings. Here, the authors present a simple yet powerful treatment for predicting when salt damage will occur, quantifying this susceptibility to salt crystallization. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5823 |  | Earth Sciences |    Circadian rhythm reprogramming during lung inflammation |  | Jeffrey A. Haspel, Sukrutha Chettimada, Rahamthulla S. Shaik, Jen-Hwa Chu, Benjamin A. Raby, Manuela Cernadas, Vincent Carey, Vanessa Process, G. Matthew Hunninghake, Emeka Ifedigbo, James A. Lederer, Joshua Englert, Ashley Pelton, Anna Coronata, Laura E. Fredenburgh and Augustine M.K. Choi |  | Whether circadian rhythms occur in settings where clock gene expression is suppressed, such as systemic inflammation, is unclear. Here, the authors examine gene expression and metabolites in the lungs of endotoxemic mice and show that inflammation causes changes in circadian rhythms at the cellular and molecular level. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5753 |  | Biological Sciences Cell biology Immunology |   Human Tra2 proteins jointly control a CHEK1 splicing switch among alternative and constitutive target exons OPEN |  | Andrew Best, Katherine James, Caroline Dalgliesh, Elaine Hong, Mahsa Kheirolahi-Kouhestani, Tomaz Curk, Yaobo Xu, Marina Danilenko, Rafiq Hussain, Bernard Keavney, Anil Wipat, Roscoe Klinck, Ian G. Cowell, Ka Cheong Lee, Caroline A. Austin, Julian P. Venables, Benoit Chabot, Mauro Santibanez Koref, Alison Tyson-Capper and David J. Elliott et al. |  | RNA binding proteins are key regulators of alternative splicing. Here, Best et al. show that the human Tra2α and Tra2ß RNA binding proteins jointly contribute to the control of constitutive and alternative splicing events to regulate essential biological processes including the response to DNA damage. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5760 |  | Biological Sciences Molecular biology |  Bone remodelling in humans is load-driven but not lazy |  | Patrik Christen, Keita Ito, Rafaa Ellouz, Stephanie Boutroy, Elisabeth Sornay-Rendu, Roland D. Chapurlat and Bert van Rietbergen |  | Mechanical strain causes bone remodelling when it exceeds threshold levels of a proposed ‘lazy zone’, in which bone density is unresponsive to mechanical strain. Here the authors show that human bone remodeling is entirely load-driven, suggesting that no such ‘lazy’ state exists for human bones. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5855 |  | Biological Sciences |  OsAAP6 functions as an important regulator of grain protein content and nutritional quality in rice OPEN |  | Bo Peng, Huili Kong, Yibo Li, Lingqiang Wang, Ming Zhong, Liang Sun, Guanjun Gao, Qinglu Zhang, Lijun Luo, Gongwei Wang, Weibo Xie, Junxiao Chen, Wen Yao, Yong Peng, Lei Lei, Xingmin Lian, Jinghua Xiao, Caiguo Xu, Xianghua Li and Yuqing He et al. |  | Grain protein content (GPC) contributes to the nutritional quality of cereals. Here, the authors show that the OsAAP6 quantitative trait locus in rice controls GPC by regulating the synthesis and accumulation of several grain storage proteins and starch. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5847 |  | Biological Sciences Genetics Plant sciences |  The subcortical maternal complex controls symmetric division of mouse zygotes by regulating F-actin dynamics |  | Xing-Jiang Yu, Zhaohong Yi, Zheng Gao, Dandan Qin, Yanhua Zhai, Xue Chen, Yingchun Ou-Yang, Zhen-Bo Wang, Ping Zheng, Min-Sheng Zhu, Haibin Wang, Qing-Yuan Sun, Jurrien Dean and Lei Li |  | The mammalian subcortical maternal complex is composed of maternally expressed proteins and required for mouse early embryonic cell division. Here the authors show that the complex functions to control spindle positioning through regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5887 |  | Biological Sciences Cell biology Developmental biology |  Validation of climate model-inferred regional temperature change for late-glacial Europe |  | Oliver Heiri, Stephen J. Brooks, Hans Renssen, Alan Bedford, Marjolein Hazekamp, Boris Ilyashuk, Elizabeth S. Jeffers, Barbara Lang, Emiliya Kirilova, Saskia Kuiper, Laurent Millet, Stéphanie Samartin, Monika Toth, Frederike Verbruggen, Jenny E. Watson, Nelleke van Asch, Emmy Lammertsma, Leeli Amon, Hilary H. Birks, H. John B Birks et al. |  | Comparison of climate model hindcasts with proxy data is essential to improve model reliability, yet standardized palaeoclimate data sets are lacking. Here, Heiri et al. compare chironomid-based palaeotemperature records with the ECHAM-4 atmospheric general circulation model, showing excellent agreement. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5914 |  | Earth Sciences Climate science |     Principle of direct van der Waals epitaxy of single-crystalline films on epitaxial graphene |  | Jeehwan Kim, Can Bayram, Hongsik Park, Cheng-Wei Cheng, Christos Dimitrakopoulos, John A. Ott, Kathleen B. Reuter, Stephen W. Bedell and Devendra K. Sadana |  | Large-scale growth of single crystals on graphene can be useful for the development of 3D/2D or 2D/2D heterostructures. Here, through careful control of growth kinetics, the authors perform multiple cycles of direct growth/transfer of high-quality single-crystal GaN, using a single graphene/SiC substrate. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5836 |  | Physical Sciences Materials science Nanotechnology |  RNase ZS1 processes UbL40 mRNAs and controls thermosensitive genic male sterility in rice |  | Hai Zhou, Ming Zhou, Yuanzhu Yang, Jing Li, Liya Zhu, Dagang Jiang, Jingfang Dong, Qinjian Liu, Lianfeng Gu, Lingyan Zhou, Mingji Feng, Peng Qin, Xiaochun Hu, Chengli Song, Jinfeng Shi, Xianwei Song, Erdong Ni, Xiaojin Wu, Qiyun Deng, Zhenlan Liu et al. |  | Hybrid rice varieties are bred using male-sterile maternal lines, which are unable to self-pollinate. Here, the authors show that mutations of the tms5 gene, which codes for RNase ZS1, result in the accumulation of ubiquitin fusion ribosomal protein mRNAs at high temperature to confer genic male sterility. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5884 |  | Biological Sciences Plant sciences |  A prominent and conserved role for YY1 in Xist transcriptional activation |  | Mélanie Makhlouf, Jean-François Ouimette, Andrew Oldfield, Pablo Navarro, Damien Neuillet and Claire Rougeulle |  | X-chromosome inactivation is a tightly regulated mechanism, which silences one of the two female X chromosomes. Here Makhlouf et al. show that the autosomal transcription factor YY1 directly promotes expression of the Xist RNA—a master regulator of X-chromosome inactivation—at the onset of the inactivation process. |  | 11 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5878 |  | Biological Sciences Developmental biology |  Kinetic inductance magnetometer |  | Juho Luomahaara, Visa Vesterinen, Leif Grönberg and Juha Hassel |  | The ability to measure extremely weak magnetic fields is important to many applications, from brain imaging to mineral prospecting. Luomahaara et al. demonstrate a sensor for measuring ultra-low magnetic fields that is simpler and has a wider dynamic range than conventional SQUID-based magnetometers. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5872 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics |    Magnetic antibody-linked nanomatchmakers for therapeutic cell targeting OPEN |  | Ke Cheng, Deliang Shen, M. Taylor Hensley, Ryan Middleton, Baiming Sun, Weixin Liu, Geoffrey De Couto and Eduardo Marbán |  | Cell therapy requires sufficient amounts of therapeutic cells to be delivered to the injured tissue. Here the authors use magnetic iron nanoparticles conjugated with antibodies that bind therapeutic cells and cardiomyocytes to treat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats and show that targeting to the heart is enhanced upon local application of a magnetic field. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5880 |  | Biological Sciences Biotechnology Medical research |  Highly efficient inverted polymer light-emitting diodes using surface modifications of ZnO layer |  | Bo Ram Lee, Eui Dae Jung, Ji Sun Park, Yun Seok Nam, Sa Hoon Min, Byeong-Su Kim, Kyung-Min Lee, Jong-Ryul Jeong, Richard H. Friend, Ji-Seon Kim, Sang Ouk Kim and Myoung Hoon Song |  | Light trapped in the active polymeric layer limits the total efficiency of polymer light-emitting diodes. Here, Lee et al. get round this bottleneck by enhancing light extraction in waveguide optical modes via ripple-shaped nanostructures that spontaneously form on ZnO electrode surfaces. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5840 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics Materials science Nanotechnology |  A novel Plasmodium-specific prodomain fold regulates the malaria drug target SUB1 subtilase |  | David Giganti, Anthony Bouillon, Lina Tawk, Fabienne Robert, Mariano Martinez, Elodie Crublet, Patrick Weber, Christine Girard-Blanc, Stéphane Petres, Ahmed Haouz, Jean-François Hernandez, Odile Mercereau-Puijalon, Pedro M. Alzari and Jean-Christophe Barale |  | Subtilase SUB1, a proteolytic enzyme required for the exit of malarial parasites from host cells, represents a promising target for anti-malarial drugs. Here, Giganti et al. report the structure of Plasmodium SUB1 and identify an essential domain involved in calcium-dependent activation of the enzyme. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5833 |  | Biological Sciences Biochemistry Microbiology Molecular biology |   Duplication of a promiscuous transcription factor drives the emergence of a new regulatory network OPEN |  | Ksenia Pougach, Arnout Voet, Fyodor A. Kondrashov, Karin Voordeckers, Joaquin F. Christiaens, Bianka Baying, Vladimir Benes, Ryo Sakai, Jan Aerts, Bo Zhu, Patrick Van Dijck and Kevin J. Verstrepen |  | The molecular basis of transcriptional regulation evolution following gene duplication is poorly understood. Here the authors show how duplication of a promiscuous fungal transcription factor followed by concerted cis and trans mutations generates a novel regulatory network. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5868 |  | Biological Sciences Evolution Genetics |  The landscape of kinase fusions in cancer OPEN |  | Nicolas Stransky, Ethan Cerami, Stefanie Schalm, Joseph L. Kim and Christoph Lengauer |  | Kinases activated by gene fusions represent potentially important targets for the development of cancer drugs. Here, the authors develop a method for detecting gene fusion events in RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and identify several novel recurrent fusions involving kinases. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5846 |  | Biological Sciences Cancer Genetics |  Energy-filtered cold electron transport at room temperature OPEN |  | Pradeep Bhadrachalam, Ramkumar Subramanian, Vishva Ray, Liang-Chieh Ma, Weichao Wang, Jiyoung Kim, Kyeongjae Cho and Seong Jin Koh |  | Electrons can behave as if they are at a temperature different from that of the solid in which they are embedded. Here, the authors demonstrate a room temperature device that can generate electrons with an effective temperature of 45 K by using quantum wells to filter out energetic particles. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5745 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics |     Streptomycin potency is dependent on MscL channel expression |  | Irene Iscla, Robin Wray, Shuguang Wei, Bruce Posner and Paul Blount |  | The mechanism by which the common antibiotic streptomycin enters bacterial cells is unclear. Here, Iscla et al. show that streptomycin alters the activity of the bacterial mechanosensitive ion channel, MscL, inducing potassium efflux, and suggest that this channel may provide a route for cell entry. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5891 |  | Biological Sciences Biophysics Microbiology |    Crystal structure of a common GPCR-binding interface for G protein and arrestin |  | Michal Szczepek, Florent Beyrière, Klaus Peter Hofmann, Matthias Elgeti, Roman Kazmin, Alexander Rose, Franz J. Bartl, David von Stetten, Martin Heck, Martha E. Sommer, Peter W. Hildebrand and Patrick Scheerer |  | G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transmit signals through intracellular heterotrimeric G proteins and arrestins. Here, Szczepek et al. present the structure of a common binding interface for Gα and arrestin on rhodopsin to shed light on key interactions that mediate transduction of specific signals through a single GPCR. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5801 |  | Biological Sciences Biochemistry |   Anisotropic magnetoresistance in an antiferromagnetic semiconductor |  | I. Fina, X. Marti, D. Yi, J. Liu, J. H. Chu, C. Rayan-Serrao, S. Suresha, A. B. Shick, J. Železný, T. Jungwirth, J. Fontcuberta and R. Ramesh |  | The change in the electrical properties of a ferromagnetic under the influence of a magnetic field depends strongly on field orientation. Marti et al. now show that this so-called anisotropic magnetoresistance is also evident in antiferromagnetic semiconductors, making them useful in spintronics. |  | 10 September 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5671 |  | Physical Sciences Applied physics Materials science |  | | | | |  | | Advertisement |  | Microsystems & Nanoengineering - new to NPG in 2015! Microsystems & Nanoengineering is a new online only, Open Access, fully peer-reviewed journal which will publish original articles and reviews on cutting-edge and emerging topics in microsystems and nanoengineering. Visit www.nature.com/micronano to learn more! | | | |  | |  |  |  |  |  |  | Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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