Thursday, May 1, 2014

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: May 1 2014, Volume 7 / Issue 17

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SciBX: Science-Business eXchange


TABLE OF CONTENTS

May 1 2014, Volume 7 / Issue 17

Analysis

Cover Story
Translational Notes
Tools

The Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease
Cancer
Endocrine/metabolic disease
Genitourinary disease
Hepatic disease
Infectious disease
Neurology
Other
Pulmonary disease

The Distillery: Techniques

Disease models
Drug platforms
Imaging
Markers
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Analysis

Cover Story

Top

Peeking inside AMD
Benjamin Boettner
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.476
Conflicting results from prior studies made it unclear whether IL-18 was a cause of or a potential therapy for age-related macular degeneration. A tiebreaker study suggests the latter, showing that the cytokine was at least as effective as a VEGF inhibitor in mouse models of wet AMD.
Full Text | PDF

Translational Notes

Top

Scripps looks outward
Chris Cain
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.477
The Scripps Research Institute has formed a separate corporation called Scripps Advance that will house assets and IP related to discrete early stage research projects. Johnson & Johnson's California Innovation Center is on board as Scripps Advance's first partner.
Full Text | PDF

Stem cell disarray
C. Simone Fishburn
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.478
The NIH is rethinking its strategy for translating stem cell therapies. Stakeholders hope the message will be that the NIH should focus less on drug development and more on standardizing procedures and protocols.
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Tools

Top

Superhuman mice
Tracey Baas
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.479
The paradox of current mouse-based antibody platforms is that the Ig gene manipulations used to generate the mice can limit the animals' ability to produce robust antibody responses. Kymab and Regeneron have now published details about how their newest mouse platforms improve antibody diversity and affinity.
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Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease

Top

Serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.480
Cell culture and mouse studies suggest inhibiting SGK1 could help treat asthma.
Full Text | PDF

Calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMK4)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.481
Studies in human samples and mice suggest inhibiting CAMK4 could help treat lupus.
Full Text | PDF

Cancer

Top

c-Myc (MYC)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.482
In vitro studies suggest blocking both full-length MYC and its N-terminal cleavage product could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

CTLA-4 (CD152); inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.483
Mouse studies suggest combining anti-CTLA-4 antibodies plus vaccines that increase ICOS could help treat various cancers.
Full Text | PDF

Integrin αVβ3 (CD51/CD61)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.484
In vitro studies have identified selective integrin αVβ3 antagonists that could be useful for treating cancer.
Full Text | PDF

p53
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.485
In vitro and cell-based studies suggest combining an inhibitor of nonsense-mediated RNA decay and a promoter of premature stop-codon read-through could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK); VEGF-A
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.486
Mouse and cell culture studies identified apratoxin analogs that could be useful for treating cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Retinoid X receptor-α (RXRA; RXRα)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.487
In vitro and mouse studies identified derivatives of the generic NSAID sulindac that specifically inhibit RXRα and could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

IL-1 receptor–like 1 (IL1RL1; ST2); IL-33 (NF-HEV)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.488
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest inhibiting IL-33 signaling could help treat Gleevec imatinib–resistant CML.
Full Text | PDF

Jumonji domain containing 6 (JMJD6)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.489
Mouse and in vitro studies suggest inhibiting JMJD6 signaling could be useful for treating colon cancer.
Full Text | PDF

IL-2
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.490
Mouse studies suggest a complex composed of an IL-2 mAb and IL-2 could help improve the ability of cancer vaccines to prevent relapse in patients with lymphoma.
Full Text | PDF

IL-17
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.491
Mouse studies suggest blocking IL-17 could help treat or prevent inflammatory chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-associated NSCLC.
Full Text | PDF

Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA); K-Ras (KRAS); epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1; HER1; ErbB1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.492
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting LDHA could help treat KRAS- and EGFR1-mutant NSCLC.
Full Text | PDF

Endocrine/metabolic disease

Top

Amylase α1A (AMY1A); AMY1B; AMY1C
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.493
Genetic studies identified an association between copy number variants of the salivary amylase genes and obesity that could lead to new therapeutics.
Full Text | PDF

Genitourinary disease

Top

DENN/MADD domain containing 1A (DENND1A)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.494
Patient and cell culture studies suggest a DENND1A isoform could be a marker and target for PCOS.
Full Text | PDF

Hepatic disease

Top

Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.495
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting SIRT7 could help treat hepatic steatosis.
Full Text | PDF

Infectious disease

Top

Not applicable
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.496
In vitro studies suggest inducing an IgG3 response against HIV antigens could help create protective immunity against infection.
Full Text | PDF

Neurology

Top

Potassium channel Kir4.1 (KCNJ10)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.497
Mouse studies suggest increasing Kir4.1 expression could help treat HD.
Full Text | PDF

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.498
Rat studies suggest lentivirus-delivered, mammalian-optimized chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) could help treat SCI.
Full Text | PDF

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15; 15-LOX)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.499
In vitro and mouse studies suggest a new class of ALOX15 inhibitors could help treat stroke.
Full Text | PDF

Other

Top

Protein kinase cAMP-dependent catalytic-α (PRKACA) L205R
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.500
Genetic sequencing studies identified an activating PRKACA mutation in Cushing's disease that could help model the disorder.
Full Text | PDF

Pulmonary disease

Top

Src; tuberous sclerosis complex tumor suppressor 2 (TSC2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.501
Studies in patient samples, cell culture and mice suggest inhibiting Src kinase activity could help treat the progressive cystic lung disease lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Techniques

Disease models

Top

Engineered skeletal muscle tissue to model diseased muscle
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.502
Engineered skeletal muscle could help identify new muscle-regenerating therapies.
Full Text | PDF

Drug platforms

Top

Engineered Nicotiana benthamiana to produce glycosylated IgMs
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.503
Engineered N. benthamiana could generate glycosylated IgMs to treat human diseases.
Full Text | PDF

Ex vivo wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 7A (WNT7A) treatment of myogenic cells prior to muscle cell transplantation to enhance both fusion with myofibrils and muscle function
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.504
Cell culture and mouse studies suggest ex vivo treatment with WNT7A could improve stem cell therapies for muscular dystrophies.
Full Text | PDF

Small molecule modulators of G protein–coupled receptor 183 (GPR183; EBI2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.505
Small molecule modulators of EBI2 could be useful for probing the function of the receptor and its relevance to human diseases.
Full Text | PDF

Imaging

Top

Combined use of luminescence imaging and MRI for real-time, in vivo, quantitative monitoring of drug release
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.506
A combined strategy using luminescence imaging and MRI could be useful for real-time, quantitative monitoring of drug release in vivo.
Full Text | PDF

Spectral confocal reflectance microscopy for label-free myelin imaging
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.507
Studies in mice and human samples suggest spectral confocal reflectance microscopy could be a label-free method to image myelinated axons.
Full Text | PDF

Markers

Top

Asthma diagnostic based on neutrophil chemotaxis speed
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.508
A handheld microfluidic device that measures neutrophil chemotaxis speed could help diagnose asthma.
Full Text | PDF

Solute carrier family 12 potassium-chloride transporter member 2 (SLC12A2; NKCC1)-based markers for schizophrenia
doi:10.1038/scibx.2014.509
Genetic profiling studies suggest assessing variation in NKCC1 expression could help predict schizophrenia risk.
Full Text | PDF

Top

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