Nature Communications - 19 March 2014

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Weekly Content Alert 19 March 2014  Featured image: Liu et al. observe two successive coronal mass ejections from the Sun that lead to an extreme space weather event. Latest content: Articles Erratum Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement nature.com webcasts Macmillan Science Communication presents a custom webcast: Biomarkers and immunoassays: Enhancing your research with multiplex cytokine profiling. Thursday 20 March at 8am PDT / 11am EDT / 3pm GMT / 4pm CET  Register for the free webcast followed by a live Q & A session  Sponsored by:       Latest Articles View all Articles     Observations of an extreme storm in interplanetary space caused by successive coronal mass ejections Ying D. Liu, Janet G. Luhmann, Primož Kajdič, Emilia K.J. Kilpua, Noé Lugaz, Nariaki V. Nitta, Christian Möstl, Benoit Lavraud, Stuart D. Bale, Charles J. Farrugia and Antoinette B. Galvin Coronal mass ejections are large expulsions of plasma from the solar corona into space, and are drivers of major space weather effects. Here, the authors report observations of two successive ejections, whose interaction led to extremely enhanced magnetic fields and high solar wind speeds near 1 AU. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4481 Physical Sciences  Astronomy  Fluids and plasma physics  A highly efficient cocaine-detoxifying enzyme obtained by computational design Fang Zheng, Liu Xue, Shurong Hou, Junjun Liu, Max Zhan, Wenchao Yang and Chang-Guo Zhan The enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can metabolize cocaine, albeit at relatively low speeds. Here the authors use computational methods to define mutations that increase BChE-mediated cocaine hydrolysis, achieving a catalytic activity comparable to that of one of the fastest naturally occurring enzyme. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4457 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Medical research  Non-canonical function of spindle assembly checkpoint proteins after APC activation reduces aneuploidy in mouse oocytes Simon I.R. Lane and Keith T. Jones The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) has been viewed as a switch that prevents chromosome segregation until all chromosomes are correctly attached to spindle microtubules. Lane and Jones show that in meiosis I, SAC proteins remain partially active after prometaphase, and prevent aneuploidy by prolonging meiosis. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4444 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Size and frequency of natural forest disturbances and the Amazon forest carbon balance OPEN Fernando D.B. Espírito-Santo, Manuel Gloor, Michael Keller, Yadvinder Malhi, Sassan Saatchi, Bruce Nelson, Raimundo C. Oliveira Junior, Cleuton Pereira, Jon Lloyd, Steve Frolking, Michael Palace, Yosio E. Shimabukuro, Valdete Duarte, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Gabriela López-González, Tim R. Baker, Ted R. Feldpausch, Roel J.W. Brienen, Gregory P. Asner, Doreen S. Boyd et al. The world's tropical forests represent a terrestrial carbon sink, yet its size is uncertain. Espírito-Santo et al. characterize full Amazon disturbances combining forest inventories and remote sensing data, and use statistical modelling to quantify the Amazon aboveground forest carbon balance. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4434 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Syntenin-ALIX exosome biogenesis and budding into multivesicular bodies are controlled by ARF6 and PLD2 Rania Ghossoub, Frédérique Lembo, Aude Rubio, Carole Baron Gaillard, Jérôme Bouchet, Nicolas Vitale, Josef Slavík, Miroslav Machala and Pascale Zimmermann The syndecan binding protein syntenin promotes the budding of intraluminal vesicles from the endosomal membrane, resulting in increased exosome secretion. Ghossoub et al. show that syntenin activates a pathway including ADP-ribsoylation factor 6 and phospholipase D to stimulate budding. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4477 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Ligand substitutions between ruthenium–cymene compounds can control protein versus DNA targeting and anticancer activity OPEN Zenita Adhireksan, Gabriela E. Davey, Pablo Campomanes, Michael Groessl, Catherine M. Clavel, Haojie Yu, Alexey A. Nazarov, Charmian Hui Fang Yeo, Wee Han Ang, Peter Dröge, Ursula Rothlisberger, Paul J. Dyson and Curt A. Davey Ruthenium-cymene-based compounds are investigated as potential anticancer drugs. Here, Adhireksan et al. study two ruthenium-containing compounds with varying cytotoxicity and show that differences in ligand structure may explain their activity and binding to different subcellular targets. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4462 Chemical Sciences  Chemical biology  Medicinal chemistry  Blockade of TLR3 protects mice from lethal radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome OPEN Naoki Takemura, Takumi Kawasaki, Jun Kunisawa, Shintaro Sato, Aayam Lamichhane, Kouji Kobiyama, Taiki Aoshi, Junichi Ito, Kenji Mizuguchi, Thangaraj Karuppuchamy, Kouta Matsunaga, Shoichiro Miyatake, Nobuko Mori, Tohru Tsujimura, Takashi Satoh, Yutaro Kumagai, Taro Kawai, Daron M. Standley, Ken J. Ishii, Hiroshi Kiyono et al. Ionizing radiation damages small intestinal crypt cells, including epithelial stem cells and their progeny. Here the authors show that radiation-induced crypt cell death is amplified by the release of cellular RNA from apoptotic epithelial cells, which then triggers pro-apoptotic TLR3 signalling on neighbouring cells. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4492 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Ionizing irradiation induces acute haematopoietic syndrome and gastrointestinal syndrome independently in mice Brian J. Leibowitz, Liang Wei, Lin Zhang, Xiaochun Ping, Michael Epperly, Joel Greenberger, Tao Cheng and Jian Yu Ionizing radiation damages the gastrointestinal system, but the cell types involved in intestinal damage and repair are controversial. Here the authors use bone marrow transplantation models and various irradiation regimes to rule out a role of bone marrow-derived cells in acute gastrointestinal injury and recovery in mice. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4494 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Evolution under monogamy feminizes gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster Brian Hollis, David Houle, Zheng Yan, Tadeusz J. Kawecki and Laurent Keller Males and females show unique patterns of gene expression, but it is unclear if this dimorphism is genetically constrained. Here, Hollis et al. use experimental evolution in Drosophila melanogaster to reveal unresolved conflict between the sexes over gene expression caused by sexual selection. 18 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4482 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Visualizing the interfacial evolution from charge compensation to metallic screening across the manganite metal–insulator transition Julia A. Mundy, Yasuyuki Hikita, Takeaki Hidaka, Takeaki Yajima, Takuya Higuchi, Harold Y. Hwang, David A. Muller and Lena F. Kourkoutis The nature of interfacial reconstructions at polar interfaces between transition metal oxides is known to be complex and difficult to characterize. Here, the authors quantify the atomic-scale charge distribution for manganite–titanate interfaces, spanning the manganite metal–insulator transition. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4464 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Microtubule acetylation amplifies p38 kinase signalling and anti-inflammatory IL-10 production Bin Wang, Yan-Hua Rao, Makoto Inoue, Rui Hao, Chun-Hsiang Lai, David Chen, Stacey L. McDonald, Moon-Chang Choi, Qiu Wang, Mari L. Shinohara and Tso-Pang Yao α-tubulin acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved modification but despite its prevalence, the physiological function of this process remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that α-tubulin acetylation regulates p38 kinase signalling and expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in macrophages. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4479 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Immunology  Metabolome-based genome-wide association study of maize kernel leads to novel biochemical insights OPEN Weiwei Wen, Dong Li, Xiang Li, Yanqiang Gao, Wenqiang Li, Huihui Li, Jie Liu, Haijun Liu, Wei Chen, Jie Luo and Jianbing Yan Plants produce a variety of metabolites that have a critical role in growth and development. Here, the authors carry out a genome-wide association analysis of metabolites and metabolite features in maize and identify candidate genes involved in secondary metabolism, and a potential biomarker for the genetic improvement of the crop. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4438 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Plant sciences  Reduced methylation of PFKFB3 in cancer cells shunts glucose towards the pentose phosphate pathway OPEN Takehiro Yamamoto, Naoharu Takano, Kyoko Ishiwata, Mitsuyo Ohmura, Yoshiko Nagahata, Tomomi Matsuura, Aki Kamata, Kyoko Sakamoto, Tsuyoshi Nakanishi, Akiko Kubo, Takako Hishiki and Makoto Suematsu Haem oxygenase 1 produces carbon monoxide and this byproduct is known to alter cellular signalling. Here, the authors show that carbon monoxide alters the methylation of PFKFB3 in cancer cells resulting in deregulated cellular metabolism and the shunting of glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4480 Biological Sciences  Cancer  One-step pipetting and assembly of encoded chemical-laden microparticles for high-throughput multiplexed bioassays Su Eun Chung, Jiyun Kim, Dong Yoon Oh, Younghoon Song, Sung Hoon Lee, Seungki Min and Sunghoon Kwon High-throughput screening allows for the rapid assessment of biochemical compounds and processes, but with increasing scale comes increasing costs. Here, the authors use an array of lithographically encoded hydrogel microparticles as a more accessible screening technique. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4468 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Chemical biology  Cell-surface localization of Pellino antagonizes Toll-mediated innate immune signalling by controlling MyD88 turnover in Drosophila OPEN Shanming Ji, Ming Sun, Xiudeng Zheng, Lin Li, Liwei Sun, Dahua Chen and Qinmiao Sun Toll signalling activates the innate immune response; however, it remains unclear how this pathway is suppressed to avoid excessive inflammatory responses. Here, the authors report that Pellino, a RING domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase, is a negative regulator of Toll signalling in Drosophila. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4458 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Bulk mixed ion electron conduction in amorphous gallium oxide causes memristive behaviour Yoshitaka Aoki, Carsten Wiemann, Vitaliy Feyer, Hong-Seok Kim, Claus Michael Schneider, Han Ill-Yoo and Manfred Martin A memristor is the missing fourth circuit element that remembers its bias history. The storage in established devices today occurs by binary switching between ON and OFF states due to filamentary or interfacial mechanisms. Here, Aoki et al. show an analogue-type, homogeneous switching memristor system based on gallium oxide. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4473 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Designing a robustly metallic noncenstrosymmetric ruthenate oxide with large thermopower anisotropy Danilo Puggioni and James M. Rondinelli Metals with noncentrosymmetric crystal structures are rare, but this class of compounds may have desirable properties for applications. Here, the authors develop a design framework for noncentrosymmetric compounds and predict a new polar ruthenate with robust metallicity and thermopower anisotropy. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4432 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Direct observation of dynamic charge stripes in La2–xSrxNiO4 S. Anissimova, D. Parshall, G.D. Gu, K. Marty, M.D. Lumsden, Songxue Chi, J.A. Fernandez-Baca, D.L. Abernathy, D. Lamago, J.M. Tranquada and D. Reznik In materials with strongly correlated electrons, charge carriers can separate into stripes of different electronic phases. Here, Anissimova et al. present evidence that in La2-xSrxNiO4 these stripes can dynamically fluctuate, which helps to understand phenomena such as insulator–metal transitions. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4467 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  MTSS1 is a metastasis driver in a subset of human melanomas Kirsten D. Mertz, Gaurav Pathria, Christine Wagner, Juha Saarikangas, Andrea Sboner, Julia Romanov, Melanie Gschaider, Florian Lenz, Friederike Neumann, Wolfgang Schreiner, Maria Nemethova, Alexander Glassmann, Pekka Lappalainen, Georg Stingl, J. Victor Small, Dieter Fink, Lynda Chin and Stephan N. Wagner Complex genomic alterations segregate melanoma into different molecular subsets, but for most subsets it is unclear whether they drive a distinct clinical behaviour. Here, the authors use gene-expression data from melanoma patients to search for outlier genes that correlate with survival and identify that MTSS1 is associated with metastasis. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4465 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Skp2 suppresses apoptosis in Rb1-deficient tumours by limiting E2F1 activity Zhonglei Lu, Frederick Bauzon, Hao Fu, Jinhua Cui, Hongling Zhao, Keiko Nakayama, Keiich I. Nakayama and Liang Zhu The pRb target E2F1 possesses contradictory activities in promoting proliferation and apoptosis. Here, the authors define a pRb-Skp2-p27-cyclin A-E2F1 survival pathway that can be disrupted to prevent Rb1-deficient tumorigenesis in the pituitary intermediate lobe. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4463 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  FoxP3+ regulatory T cells promote influenza-specific Tfh responses by controlling IL-2 availability Beatriz León, John E. Bradley, Frances E. Lund, Troy D. Randall and André Ballesteros-Tato Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are mainly known to suppress effector T cell and B-cell responses. Here, the authors demonstrate that Tregs are able to promote T follicular helper and germinal centre B-cell responses to influenza by sequestering IL-2, the negative regulator of T follicular helper cell differentiation. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4495 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Platelet production proceeds independently of the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways Emma C. Josefsson, Deborah L. Burnett, Marion Lebois, Marlyse A. Debrincat, Michael J. White, Katya J. Henley, Rachael M. Lane, Diane Moujalled, Simon P. Preston, Lorraine A. O'Reilly, Marc Pellegrini, Donald Metcalf, Andreas Strasser and Benjamin T. Kile Platelet production has been suggested to occur by apoptosis of megakaryocytes, but mitochondrially mediated apoptosis is known to be dispensable. Here, the authors show that death receptor-mediated apoptosis in mouse megakaryocytes is also not required for platelet biogenesis. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4455 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  PI3Kδ inhibition reduces TNF secretion and neuroinflammation in a mouse cerebral stroke model Pei Ching Low, Silvia Manzanero, Nika Mohannak, Vinod K. Narayana, Tam H. Nguyen, David Kvaskoff, Faith H. Brennan, Marc J. Ruitenberg, Mathias Gelderblom, Tim Magnus, Hyun Ah Kim, Brad R. S. Broughton, Christopher G. Sobey, Bart Vanhaesebroeck, Jennifer L. Stow, Thiruma V. Arumugam and Frédéric A. Meunier PI 3-kinase is a major regulator of inflammatory responses. In this study, the authors show that inhibition of the delta isoform of PI 3-kinase attenuates the release of tumour necrosis factor from microglia as well as the signs and symptoms associated with cerebral stroke in an in vivo mouse model. 14 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4450 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Self-recognition of the endothelium enables regulatory T-cell trafficking and defines the kinetics of immune regulation OPEN Hongmei Fu, Madhav Kishore, Beartice Gittens, Guosu Wang, David Coe, Izabela Komarowska, Elvira Infante, Anne J. Ridley, Dianne Cooper, Mauro Perretti and Federica M. Marelli-Berg Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important for the maintenance of self-tolerance and this requires their trafficking to the lymph nodes and target tissues. Here, the authors show that the recognition of self-antigens expressed by endothelial cells in target tissue is instrumental for efficient Treg recruitment in vivo. 14 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4436 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Regioselective trifluoromethylation of N-heteroaromatic compounds using trifluoromethyldifluoroborane activator Tomoaki Nishida, Haruka Ida, Yoichiro Kuninobu and Motomu Kanai Trifluoromethyl groups greatly alter the properties of organic molecules and are commonly used in the preparation of drugs and agrochemicals. Here the authors report a method for the activation of nitrogen heterocycles to nucleophilic attack, allowing regioselective trifluoromethylation. 13 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4387 Chemical Sciences  Medicinal chemistry  Organic chemistry  High-efficiency motor neuron differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells and the function of Islet-1 Qiuhao Qu, Dong Li, Kathleen R. Louis, Xiangzhen Li, Hong Yang, Qinyu Sun, Shane R. Crandall, Stephanie Tsang, Jiaxi Zhou, Charles L. Cox, Jianjun Cheng and Fei Wang Motor neurons generated from human pluripotent stem cells are used for disease modelling and drug screening. Here the authors present a protocol for efficient generation of mature spinal motor neurons from human pluripotent stem cells by precisely timing the application of the neural patterning molecule retinoic acid. 13 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4449 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Neuroscience  DNA origami based assembly of gold nanoparticle dimers for surface-enhanced Raman scattering Vivek V. Thacker, Lars O. Herrmann, Daniel O. Sigle, Tao Zhang, Tim Liedl, Jeremy J. Baumberg and Ulrich F. Keyser DNA origami is a versatile fabrication approach for building tailored nanostructures. Thacker et al. apply it to the assembly of gold nanoparticle dimers with sub-5 nm gaps and show how the resulting plasmonic resonances can be exploited for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. 13 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4448 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  2'-OMe-phosphorodithioate-modified siRNAs show increased loading into the RISC complex and enhanced anti-tumour activity Sherry Y. Wu, Xianbin Yang, Kshipra M. Gharpure, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Martin Egli, Michael H. McGuire, Archana S. Nagaraja, Takahito M. Miyake, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Chad V. Pecot, Morgan Taylor, Sunila Pradeep, Malgorzata Sierant, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Hyun J. Choi, Rebecca A. Previs, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Li Huang, Carlos Martinez, Tom Hassell et al. Short interfering siRNAs—siRNAs—have therapeutic potential in the treatment of disease; however, their delivery to target tissues is difficult. Here, Wu et al. chemically modify siRNAs and show that this improves loading into the siRNA silencing machinery and thus efficacy in eliminating cancer cells in mice. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4459 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cancer  An experimental implementation of oblivious transfer in the noisy storage model C. Erven, N. Ng, N. Gigov, R. Laflamme, S. Wehner and G. Weihs The oblivious transfer protocol is a cryptographic primitive used to create many different secure two-party schemes. Here, Erven et al. provide the first implementation of the oblivious transfer protocol using entangled photons, within the noisy storage model. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4418 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Ablation of TrkB signalling in CCK neurons results in hypercortisolism and obesity Mirjam Geibel, Sylvia Badurek, Jacqueline M. Horn, Chinnavuth Vatanashevanopakorn, Juraj Koudelka, Claudia M. Wunderlich, Hella S. Brönneke, F. Thomas Wunderlich and Liliana Minichiello Glucocorticoid levels in the body are controlled by an intricate feedback system acting on the hypothalamus. Here the authors provide molecular insight into this process, identifying TrkB signalling in cholecystokinin-GABAergic neurons as a key component of hypothalamic glucocorticoid signalling. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4427 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Neuroscience  Dynamic phosphorylation of HP1α regulates mitotic progression in human cells Arindam Chakraborty, Kannanganattu V. Prasanth and Supriya G. Prasanth The chromatin-associated protein HP1α is known to also be involved in kinetochore assembly and sister chromatid cohesion. Chakraborty et al. show that phosphorylation at the hinge region of HP1α is required for the onset of mitosis, and facilitates Sgo1 binding to mitotic centromeres. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4445 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Restoration of the third law in spin ice thin films OPEN L. Bovo, X. Moya, D. Prabhakaran, Yeong-Ah Soh, A.T. Boothroyd, N.D. Mathur, G. Aeppli and S.T. Bramwell In bulk, the spin ice Dy2Ti2O7 has posed an enigma because – due to its slow dynamics – it is unclear whether and how the material will reach a zero entropy state at zero temperature. Here, the authors show that in thin films of Dy2Ti2O7 a zero entropy state is induced at 0.4 K, plausibly by lattice strain. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4439 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Evolutionarily conserved intracellular gate of voltage-dependent sodium channels OPEN Kevin Oelstrom, Marcel P. Goldschen-Ohm, Miguel Holmgren and Baron Chanda The location of the activation gate in voltage-gated sodium channels is not clear. Here, the authors report that a conserved intracellular gate consisting of a ring of hydrophobic residues regulates access to the pore. 12 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4420 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Research Assistant University of Bristol Post Doctoral Associate University of Miami Post-Doctoral Fellowships University of Dundee Postdoctoral Associate University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Research Scientist / Post-doc Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research Research Fellow The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) Research Institute PhD Studentship The Pirbright Institute Clinical Operations Manager Cancer Research UK PostDoc / Senior Scientist German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT A Celebration of Organic Chemistry 2014 22.09.14 Surrey, UK More science events from       Latest Erratum     Erratum: Genomic insights into salt adaptation in a desert poplar Tao Ma, Junyi Wang, Gongke Zhou, Zhen Yue, Quanjun Hu, Yan Chen, Bingbing Liu, Qiang Qiu, Zhuo Wang, Jian Zhang, Kun Wang, Dechun Jiang, Caiyun Gou, Lili Yu, Dongliang Zhan, Ran Zhou, Wenchun Luo, Hui Ma, Yongzhi Yang, Shengkai Pan et al. 17 March 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4454 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics        Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. 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