SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: November 14 2013, Volume 6 / Issue 44

TABLE OF CONTENTS November 14 2013, Volume 6 / Issue 44 Analysis Cover Story Targets and Mechanisms Tools The Distillery: Therapeutics Autoimmune disease Cancer Cardiovascular disease Endocrine/metabolic disease Infectious disease Inflammation Neurology Ophthalmic disease Other The Distillery: Techniques Disease models Drug delivery Drug platforms Markers Nature Publishing Group and Relay Technology Management present: The Epigenetics Target Explorer  Click here to access this free online tool and the accompanying article in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.    Analysis Cover Story Top Trends with benefits C. Simone Fishburn doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1245 The FDA set up its adverse event database to capture the side effects of marketed drugs, but U.S. researchers have now exploited the resource to extract new information—beneficial combinations that reduce a drug's risk of toxicity. The synergies could provide new targets to help guide drug discovery. Full Text | PDF Targets and Mechanisms Top BETting on Th17 cells Lev Osherovich doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1246 Constellation Pharmaceuticals has established a connection between BET bromodomain proteins and pathogenic T helper type 17 cells. The findings hint at potential therapeutic opportunities for this epigenetic target class in autoimmunity and inflammatory disease. Full Text | PDF RSVing for site zero Tracey Baas doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1247 An NIH team has used structure-based design to generate an RSV vaccine that showed strong neutralizing activity in both mice and macaques. The next step is picking a candidate to advance into GMP production and clinical trials. Full Text | PDF Tools Top Scleroderma models: skin in the game Michael J. Haas doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1248 North American researchers have mouse data showing that mutated fibrillin 1 recapitulates skin fibrosis and other symptoms seen in systemic scleroderma. The group also found downstream proteins whose expression was altered by the mutant glycoprotein that could be good drug targets. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Therapeutics Autoimmune disease Top G protein–coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1249 Cell culture studies suggest inhibiting GPR17 could help promote remyelination in MS. Full Text | PDF Phosphoinositide 3-kinase catalytic subunit δ-polypeptide (PI3KCD; p110δ) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1250 Sequencing and in vitro studies identified a specific PID called activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ (PI3Kδ) syndrome and suggest selective inhibitors of p110δ could help treat the condition. Full Text | PDF Cancer Top CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4; CD194) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1251 In vitro and mouse studies suggest anti-CCR4 mAbs could increase antitumor immunity by depleting a subset of Treg cells. Full Text | PDF Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1252 Mouse and cell culture studies identified IDO1 inhibitors derived from the natural compound tryptanthrin that could be useful for treating cancer. Full Text | PDF Protein kinase N1 (PKN1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1253 Cell culture studies suggest inhibiting PKN1 could help increase the efficacy of BRAF inhibitors in treating melanoma. Full Text | PDF Cardiovascular disease Top Thrombin (factor IIa; F2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1254 In vitro and mouse studies identified a nonpeptide thrombin inhibitor that could be used as an anticoagulant to help treat DVT and VTE. Full Text | PDF TNNI3 interacting kinase (TNNI3K) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1255 Patient tissue sample and rodent studies suggest inhibiting TNNI3K could help treat cardiac reperfusion injury. Full Text | PDF Endocrine/metabolic disease Top Cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CNR1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1256 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest inhibiting CNR1 could help treat hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes. Full Text | PDF Semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E); plexin D1 (PLXND1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1257 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting SEMA3E could help treat obesity and diabetes. Full Text | PDF Peroxisome proliferation–activated receptor-δ (PPARD; PPARδ) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1258 Mouse studies suggest a form of phosphatidylcholine could help treat obesity. Full Text | PDF Infectious disease Top DNA gyrase; topoisomerase IV doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1259 Mouse and in vitro studies identified a pyridylurea-based DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV inhibitor that could be useful for treating bacterial infections. Full Text | PDF HIV gag polyprotein; HIV p27 (nef); HIV pol; HIV env doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1260 Macaque studies suggest mosaic HIV antigens delivered with a prime and boost vaccination regimen could protect against HIV infection. Full Text | PDF HIV gp120; HIV gp140; tenascin C (TNC; TN) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1261 Cell-based studies suggest the human breast milk–derived protein TNC could help prevent HIV-1 infection. Full Text | PDF CD81 doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1262 In vitro studies suggest inhibiting the interaction between CD81 and influenza virus could help treat or prevent infection. Full Text | PDF Not applicable doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1263 In vitro and mouse studies identified a series of 2-aminopyrizines that could help treat malaria. Full Text | PDF Inflammation Top Abhydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1264 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest inhibiting ABHD6 could help treat chronic inflammation. Full Text | PDF Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α subunit inhibitor (HIF1AN; FIH1); hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 1 (EGLN2; HIF-PH1; PHD1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1265 In vitro and mouse studies suggest inhibiting HIF1AN and HIF-PH1 could help treat inflammatory diseases by suppressing IL-1β signaling. Full Text | PDF Neurology Top Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 (CHRNA7) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1266 In vitro and mouse studies identified a CHRNA7+ allosteric modulator that could help treat cognitive dysfunction associated with schizophrenia or AD. Full Text | PDF Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1; DSC1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1267 Mouse studies suggest RCAN1 inhibition could help treat pathological and drug-induced anxiety. Full Text | PDF Vasopressin 1a (V1a) receptor; V1b receptor doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1268 Mouse studies suggest antagonizing the V1a or V1b receptors could be useful for treating sleep disturbance caused by jet lag. Full Text | PDF Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1269 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting CPEB1 could help treat fragile X syndrome. Full Text | PDF CD93 (C1QR); VGF nerve growth factor inducible (VGF) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1270 In vitro and rat studies suggest inhibiting C1QR could help treat neuropathic pain. Full Text | PDF Nav1.7 (SCN9A) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1271 Studies in cell culture and mice identified a centipede venom–derived peptide antagonist of Nav1.7 that could help treat pain. Full Text | PDF Histamine H1 receptor (HRH1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1272 Genetic screening and clinical studies suggest compounds including diphenhydramine could help treat aversive memory associated with PTSD. Full Text | PDF Ophthalmic disease Top Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A); neuropilin 1 (NRP1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1273 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting SEMA3A could help treat diabetic retinopathy. Full Text | PDF Other Top Unknown doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1274 Rodent studies suggest 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) could help prevent radiation poisoning. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Techniques Disease models Top Engineered bacterial LeuT to detail antidepressant binding mechanisms doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1275 An engineered bacterial homolog of eukaryotic biogenic amine transporters could be useful for informing how marketed antidepressants interact with their targets. Full Text | PDF Drug delivery Top Ferrous iron (FeII)-dependent drug delivery system doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1276 Mouse studies suggest an FeII-dependent delivery system could be useful for selectively targeting drugs to diseased tissues. Full Text | PDF Drug platforms Top Predicting transplant rejection with a universal, common rejection module doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1277 Computational analysis of gene expression data from organ transplant patients identified an 11-gene signature that correlated with acute transplant rejection. Full Text | PDF Markers Top Autoantibodies against BPI fold containing family B member 1 (BPIFB1) to diagnose autoimmune interstitial lung disease (ILD) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.1278 Patient and mouse studies suggest autoantibodies against BPIFB1 may help diagnose autoimmune ILD. Full Text | PDF Top

You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: www.nature.com/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant) For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscription department For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department Nature Publishing Group | 75 Varick Street, 9th Floor | New York | NY 10013-1917 | USA Nature Publishing Group's worldwide offices: London - Paris - Munich - New Delhi - Tokyo - Melbourne San Diego - San Francisco - Washington - New York - Boston Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. © 2013 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.