Nature Physics October Issue

Advertisement One of many high quality articles from Frontiers in Physics: A simple symmetry as a guide toward new physics beyond the Standard Model In this Review, Shaaban Khalil and Stefano Moretti discuss a minimal extension of the SM, based on a somewhat larger version of its symmetry structure and particle content, that can naturally explain the existence of neutrino masses while also predicting novel signals accessible at the LHC, including a light Higgs boson, as evidenced by current data. TABLE OF CONTENTS October 2013 Volume 9, Issue 10 Editorial Thesis Books and Arts Research Highlights News and Views Progress Article Letters Articles Erratum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Nature Communications is ranked #3 in the Multidisciplinary Sciences with an Impact Factor of 10.015* Your research. Our reach. Together we make an impact.  nature.com/naturecommunications *2012 Journal Citation Reports® (Thomson Reuters, 2013)   Editorial Top The first hundred years   p599 doi:10.1038/nphys2785 The Bohr atom is unquestionably a landmark in the history of physics. A century after its publication, it has inspired a remarkably diverse and ever-growing field of research. Thesis Top Intuition set free   p601 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys2772 Books and Arts Top The Bohrs' atom   p602 Bart Verberck reviews Love, Literature, and the Quantum Atom: Niels Bohr's 1913 Trilogy Revisited by Finn Aaserud and J. L. Heilbron doi:10.1038/nphys2776 A Scientific Saga   p603 Tony Doyle reviews Beyond the God Particle by Leon Lederman and Christopher Hill doi:10.1038/nphys2775 Research Highlights Top Field of fire | Ghostly glows from the past | Beam split on chip | Collective dynamics | Close call News and Views Top Ultracold gases: Shock cooling a universe   pp605 - 606 Martin W. Zwierlein doi:10.1038/nphys2773 Rapid cooling across a phase transition leaves behind defects; from domain walls in magnets to cosmic strings. The Kibble–Zurek mechanism that describes this formation of defects is seen at work in the spontaneous creation of solitons in an atomic Bose–Einstein condensate. See also: Article by Lamporesi et al. Electrochemistry: Discrete answer   pp606 - 607 Erik Luijten doi:10.1038/nphys2774 For almost a century, deviations of Ohm's law have been known to occur in electrolyte solutions. Now, lattice model simulations of these systems are providing valuable insight into the microscopic mechanisms involved. Quantum gases: Relaxation dynamics   pp607 - 608 Marc Cheneau doi:10.1038/nphys2764 The current understanding of the relaxation dynamics in quantum many-body systems is still incomplete, but an ultracold atom experiment brings new insights by confirming the local emergence and propagation of thermal correlations. See also: Letter by Langen et al. Holographic duality: Stealing dimensions from metals   pp609 - 610 Jan Zaanen doi:10.1038/nphys2717 Although electrically charged black holes seem remote from superconductors and strange metals in the laboratory, they might be intimately related by the holographic dualities discovered in string theory. See also: Article by Donos & Hartnoll Oxide heterostructures: Hund rules with a twist   pp610 - 611 Marc Gabay and Jean-Marc Triscone doi:10.1038/nphys2737 The metallic sheet at the heterointerface between two different insulating and non-magnetic oxides displays seemingly conflicting ferromagnetic properties that may be explained by the presence of a spiral magnetic structure. See also: Letter by Banerjee et al. Metal–insulator transitions: Orbital control   pp612 - 613 Takashi Mizokawa doi:10.1038/nphys2769 On cooling, transition metal oxides often undergo a phase change from an electrically conducting to an insulating state. Now it is shown that the metal–insulator transition temperature of vanadium dioxide thin films can be controlled by applying strain. See also: Article by Aetukuri et al. Physics JOBS of the week Full-Time Faculty Chemistry / Physics Fashion Institute of Technology PhD Scholarship in physics of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities (experiment) Australian National University PhD position in Single Molecule Electronics 2 (Physics / Nanoscience) Chalmers University of Technology Postdoctoral Fellow in Experimental Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (Ultrafast imaging and control of molecules in helium nanodroplets) Aarhus University Director of the Institute for Plasma Physics "Piero Caldirola" (IFP) National Research Council (CNR) More Science jobs from Physics EVENT The Physics of Soft and Biological Matter 14th April 2014 Cambridge, UK More science events from Progress Article Top Beyond Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics in optical lattices   pp615 - 619 Eric Lutz and Ferruccio Renzoni doi:10.1038/nphys2751 Cold atoms trapped in dissipative optical lattices can behave in ways that cannot be described within the framework of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics. Recent theoretical and experimental developments may lead to a better understanding of these processes. Letters Top Fully gapped topological surface states in Bi2Se3 films induced by a d-wave high-temperature superconductor   pp621 - 625 Eryin Wang, Hao Ding, Alexei V. Fedorov, Wei Yao, Zhi Li et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2744 By growing a topological insulator on top of a high-temperature superconducting substrate it is possible to induce superconductivity in the surface states of the topological insulator. Moreover, the pairing symmetry of the induced superconductivity is s-wave, unlike the d-wave symmetry of the substrate. Ferromagnetic exchange, spin-orbit coupling and spiral magnetism at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface   pp626 - 630 Sumilan Banerjee, Onur Erten and Mohit Randeria doi:10.1038/nphys2702 The interface between two non-magnetic band insulators, LaAlO3 and SrTiO3, can exhibit conductivity, superconductivity and magnetism. These interfacial phenomena can be reconciled by a theory that predicts a spiral magnetic ground state. See also: News and Views by Gabay & Triscone Harnessing nuclear spin polarization fluctuations in a semiconductor nanowire   pp631 - 635 P. Peddibhotla, F. Xue, H. I. T. Hauge, S. Assali, E. P. A. M. Bakkers et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2731 Ensembles of nuclear spins display thermal fluctuations—spin noise—that interfere with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of samples below a threshold size. Experiments on nanowires show that by monitoring spin noise in real time and applying instantaneously adjusted radiofrequency pulses, spin polarization distributions that are narrower than the thermal distribution can be obtained. Spin heat accumulation and spin-dependent temperatures in nanopillar spin valves   pp636 - 639 F. K. Dejene, J. Flipse, G. E. W. Bauer and B. J. van Wees doi:10.1038/nphys2743 Measurements of the spin heat accumulation at the ferromagnetic/non-magnetic interface in nanopillar spin valves show that spin-up and spin-down electrons have different temperatures. This observation is important for the design of magnetic thermal switches and the study of inelastic spin scattering. Local emergence of thermal correlations in an isolated quantum many-body system   pp640 - 643 T. Langen, R. Geiger, M. Kuhnert, B. Rauer and J. Schmiedmayer doi:10.1038/nphys2739 The relaxation mechanisms of isolated quantum many-body systems are insufficiently understood, but a one-dimensional quantum gas experiment uncovers the local emergence of thermal correlations and their cone-like propagation through the system. See also: News and Views by Cheneau Distribution of entropy production in a single-electron box   pp644 - 648 J. V. Koski, T. Sagawa, O-P. Saira, Y. Yoon, A. Kutvonen et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2711 The fluctuation relations are a central concept in thermodynamics at the microscopic scale. These relations are experimentally verified by measuring the entropy production in a single-electron box coupled to two heat baths. Articles Top Interaction-driven localization in holography   pp649 - 655 Aristomenis Donos and Sean A. Hartnoll doi:10.1038/nphys2701 Strongly interacting condensed-matter systems are often computationally intractable. By introducing a periodic lattice to a holographic model developed by string theorists, it becomes possible to study anisotropic materials that are insulating in certain directions but conducting in others. See also: News and Views by Zaanen Spontaneous creation of Kibble–Zurek solitons in a Bose–Einstein condensate   pp656 - 660 Giacomo Lamporesi, Simone Donadello, Simone Serafini, Franco Dalfovo and Gabriele Ferrari doi:10.1038/nphys2734 The Kibble–Zurek mechanism describes the spontaneous formation of defects in systems that are undergoing a second-order phase transition at a finite rate. Familiar to cosmologists and condensed matter physicists, this mechanism is now found to be responsible for the spontaneous creation of solitons in a Bose–Einstein condensate. See also: News and Views by Zwierlein Control of the metal–insulator transition in vanadium dioxide by modifying orbital occupancy   pp661 - 666 Nagaphani B. Aetukuri, Alexander X. Gray, Marc Drouard, Matteo Cossale, Li Gao et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2733 Bulk vanadium dioxide undergoes a metal–insulator transition near room temperature. It is now shown that by putting a thin layer of vanadium dioxide on a buffer, and varying the buffer's thickness, the orbital occupancy in the metallic state and the transition temperature can be tuned. See also: News and Views by Mizokawa The extreme vulnerability of interdependent spatially embedded networks   pp667 - 672 Amir Bashan, Yehiel Berezin, Sergey V. Buldyrev and Shlomo Havlin doi:10.1038/nphys2727 Networks of networks are vulnerable: a failure in one sub-network can bring the rest crashing down. Previous simulations have suggested that randomly positioned networks might offer some limited robustness under certain circumstances. Analysis now shows, however, that real-world interdependent networks, where nodes are positioned according to geographical constraints, might not be so resilient. Universality in network dynamics   pp673 - 681 Baruch Barzel and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi doi:10.1038/nphys2741 Models for the topology or dynamics of various networks abound, but until now, there has been no single universal framework for complex networks that can separate factors contributing to the topology and dynamics of networks across biological and social systems. Erratum Top Visualizing nodal heavy fermion superconductivity in CeCoIn5   p682 Brian B. Zhou, Shashank Misra, Eduardo H. da Silva Neto, Pegor Aynajian, Ryan E. Baumbach et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2771 Top Advertisement Nature Publishing Index 2012 Global  The Nature Publishing Index (NPI) ranks institutions and countries according to the number of primary research articles they publish in the Nature family of journals in a one-year period. 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