SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: July 18 2013, Volume 6 / Issue 27

TABLE OF CONTENTS July 18 2013, Volume 6 / Issue 27 Analysis Cover Story Translational Notes Targets and Mechanisms Tools The Distillery: Therapeutics Cancer Endocrine/metabolic disease Hematology Infectious disease Neurology Renal disease Various The Distillery: Techniques Assays and screens Computational models Disease models Drug delivery Drug platforms Advertisement Biopharma Dealmakers A supplement to Nature Biotechnology and Nature Reviews Drug Discovery  The May 2013 issue of Biopharma Dealmakers showcases companies with partnering opportunities and contains a special feature on oncology. This week, find out about how you can collaborate with The Menarini Group and Merus. SciBX Collections Macrocycles and constrained peptides This special collection explores the factors behind the growing interest in macrocycles and constrained peptides over the last five years and their effect on drug discovery.  Click here to access the collection for free! Produced with support from: Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., Polypeptide Group, Polyphor LTD., Lanthiopharma B.V.   Analysis Cover Story Top S-nitrosylation boon to blood transfusions Kai-Jye Lou doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.673 The capacity of transfused red blood cells to transport oxygen is often reduced because of biochemical changes in the cells during storage. Now, Case Western and Duke researchers have improved oxygen delivery capacity by re-nitrosylating hemoglobin prior to transfusion and are planning to test the approach in clinical trials. Full Text | PDF Translational Notes Top GSK and UC make up Lev Osherovich doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.674 GlaxoSmithKline and the University of California have reconciled their differences over whether researchers at the 10-campus system can participate in GSK's Discovery Fast Track program. The UC technology transfer offices will now vet applications for potentially sensitive disclosures before the pharma lays eyes on them. Full Text | PDF Targets and Mechanisms Top Depressing sphingolipids Lev Osherovich doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.675 European researchers have obtained the most compelling evidence yet that targeting sphingolipid metabolism could help treat depression. The team has shown that two known antidepressants inhibit sphingolipid metabolism and now is planning to screen for other inhibitors that also elicit antidepressive effects. Full Text | PDF Tools Top Cancer genome statistics lesson Chris Cain doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.676 The Broad Institute has upgraded its original algorithm for cancer genome analysis to account for gene-specific differences in mutation rates. Application of the improved algorithm could help identify previously overlooked mutations, and in one type of cancer it already allowed the researchers to narrow down the number of associated mutations. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Therapeutics Cancer Top Chemokine CX3C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1; fractalkine); HER2 (EGFR2; ErbB2; neu) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.677 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting CX3CL1 could help treat HER2+ breast cancers. Full Text | PDF Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.678 Mouse studies suggest stimulating TLR7 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) could help treat breast cancer. Full Text | PDF BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.679 In vitro and mouse studies identified a pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine that could help treat CML with the T315I resistance mutation in BCR-ABL. Full Text | PDF V-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1 (VTCN1; B7-H4) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.680 Studies in vitro, in mice and in patient samples identified anti-B7-H4 single-chain variable antibody fragments (scFvs) that could help treat cancer. Full Text | PDF γ-Secretase; notch 1 (NOTCH1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.681 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest antagonizing NOTCH1 could be useful for treating cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), a form of liver cancer. Full Text | PDF TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis receptor (TNFRSF12A; TWEAKR; FN14) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.682 Mouse and cell culture studies identified an antibody-drug conjugate against FN14 that could help treat FN14+ solid tumors. Full Text | PDF Endocrine/metabolic disease Top Glucagon (GCG); glucagon receptor (GCGR) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.683 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest an aptamer that binds to GCG could help treat diabetes. Full Text | PDF Hematology Top Hemoglobin doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.684 Rodent and sheep studies suggest S-nitrosylation of hemoglobin in banked red blood cells (RBCs) could improve blood transfusion outcomes. Full Text | PDF Infectious disease Top Bacterial fimbrial adhesin (fimH) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.685 Cell culture and ex vivo studies suggest thiazolylaminomannosides could help treat Crohn's disease. Full Text | PDF β-Site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.686 Cell culture studies suggest inhibiting the interaction between HCV and transferrin receptor could help prevent infection. Full Text | PDF Protein kinase Cδ (PRKCD) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.687 In vitro studies suggest analogs of prostratin, a PRKCD inhibitor, could help treat HIV infection. Full Text | PDF Staphylococcus leukotoxin AB (lukAB); complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b); MAC-1 (CD11b-CD18) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.688 Cell culture studies suggest inhibiting lukAB signaling could help treat Staphylococcus aureus infection. Full Text | PDF Neurology Top Cyclin dependent kinase 5 (CDK5); glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3B) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.689 Mouse studies suggest dual diaminothiazole CDK5 and GSK3B inhibitors could help treat AD. Full Text | PDF Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 acid lysosomal (SMPD1; ASM) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.690 Mouse and cell culture studies suggest inhibiting SMPD1 could be useful for treating depression. Full Text | PDF Mannosyl (α-1,6-)-glycoprotein β-1,6-N-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase isozyme B (MGAT5B) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.691 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting MGAT5B could help treat MS. Full Text | PDF Calcium channel voltage-dependent L type-α 1C subunit (CACNA1C; Cav1.2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.692 Rodent and cell culture studies suggest inhibiting Cav1.2 could help treat febrile seizures. Full Text | PDF Renal disease Top Nitric oxide (NO); γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.693 Ex vivo tissue studies suggest NO-generating prodrugs could help treat acute renal failure. Full Text | PDF Various Top MicroRNA-30c (miR-30c) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.694 Mouse and cell culture studies suggest miR-30c could help treat hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Full Text | PDF E selectin (SELE; CD62E) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.695 In vitro studies suggest nitroindole-triazole analogs of a tetrasaccharide sialyl Lewisx (sLex) mimic could help treat cancer and inflammatory diseases. Full Text | PDF Discs large homolog-associated protein 3 (DLGAP3; SAPAP3); melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R); doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.696 Mouse studies suggest inhibition of MC4R could help treat OCD and inhibition of SAPAP3 could help treat obesity. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Techniques Assays and screens Top Fluorescence-based bilirubin assay doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.697 A fluorescent, bilirubin-binding protein, called UnaG, from the Japanese eel could be useful for a new bilirubin diagnostic assay. Full Text | PDF Quantification of virus in T cells with latent HIV infection doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.698 A rapid method for quantifying T cells infected with latent HIV could improve the analysis of clinical samples. Full Text | PDF Computational models Top An algorithm for more accurate identification of cancer-associated mutations in genome sequencing studies doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.699 An improved algorithm to assess the significance of mutations identified through genome sequencing could be used to more accurately predict cancer-associated genes. Full Text | PDF Disease models Top Canine model for autosomal-recessive myotubular myopathy doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.700 Dogs with splicing mutations in bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) could be useful as models to help identify therapies for treating autosomal-recessive myotubular myopathy. Full Text | PDF Primary tumor xenograft mouse model for prostate cancer doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.701 A primary tumor mouse xenograft model could be useful for studying prostate cancer pathogenesis. Full Text | PDF Stable, patient-derived breast cancer xenograft mouse models doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.702 Patient-derived breast cancer mouse xenograft models could help identify therapeutics for triple-negative breast cancer. Full Text | PDF Drug delivery Top Tissue-specific drug delivery with antibody-coated, polymer, rod-shaped nanoparticles (nanorods) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.703 Nanorods could help deliver drugs to target tissues with higher specificity than spherical nanoparticles. Full Text | PDF Drug platforms Top Crystal structure of NLR family CARD domain containing 4 (NLRC4) doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.704 The crystal structure of NLRC4 could help guide the rational design of compounds against the target. Full Text | PDF High-yield generation of functional neurons from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.705 Mouse and cell culture studies suggest the transcription factor neurogenin 2 (Neurog2; Ngn2) could be used to increase the yield of neurons generated from human pluripotent stem cells. Full Text | PDF IL-12–expressing oncolytic herpes virus to treat glioblastoma doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.706 Mouse studies identified an oncolytic virus expressing IL-12 that could help treat glioblastoma. Full Text | PDF Stabilization of enzymes with polycationic branched polymers doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.707 Stabilization of enzymes with polycationic branched polymers could improve the oral delivery of therapeutics. Full Text | PDF Universal, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based T cell therapy using zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) T cell editing doi:10.1038/scibx.2013.708 T cells engineered to express a CD19-specific CAR and lack major histocompatibility complex class I A (HLA-A) could be used as a universal therapy to treat CD19+ cancers. Full Text | PDF Top Advertisement Nature Publishing Group and Relay Technology Management present: The Epigenetics Target Explorer  Click here to access this free online tool and the accompanying article in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

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