Nature Reviews Microbiology contents July 2103 Volume 11 Number 7 pp 427-504

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
July 2013 Volume 11 Number 7
Impact Factor 21.182 *	In this issue Editorial Research Highlights News and Analysis Progress Reviews Analysis Also this month Article Series: New technologies: methods and applications  Featured article: The molecular and structural basis of advanced antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection Ralf Bartenschlager, Volker Lohmann & Francois Penin
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EDITORIAL		Top
It's microbiology, citizens p427 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3065 The rise of the 'citizen science' movement in microbiology provides an opportunity for public engagement and the chance to gather essential data on a large scale. Full Text | PDF
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Bacterial transcription: Finding the magic spot on RNAP p429 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3053 Three studies report that ppGpp binds at the interface between the ω-subunit and the β′ subunit of RNA polymerase, suggesting that this nucelotide modulates RNA polymerase activity by an allosteric mechanism. PDF Microbiome: A mucus colonizer manages host metabolism p430 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3051 Akkermansia muciniphila regulates the gut barrier and modulates tissue inflammation to control diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. PDF DISEASE WATCH A prime example for an HIV vaccine p430 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3057 PDF Coronavirus controversy p430 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3058 PDF An arms race with H7N9 p430 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3059 PDF Phage biology: A new barrier at mucosal surfaces p430 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3064 Evidence that phages might constitute a non-host-derived antibacterial defence mechanism at host mucosal surfaces. PDF Parasite biology: The stowaway traveller p432 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3048 The intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii uses migrating neutrophils for luminal spread in the small intestine. PDF Viral pathogenesis: Enabling HCV's need for fat p432 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3054 IKKα promotes the transcription of lipid metabolism genes, thus facilitating HCV assembly. PDF Parasite biology: EPCR unlocks severe malaria p433 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3055 Identification of the endothelial receptor responsible for sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in blood vessels during severe childhood malaria. PDF Parasite biology: Let's talk about sex p433 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3063 Plasmodium falciparum may use the release of extracellular vesicles as a social mechanism of sensing a hostile host environment and triggering sexual differentiation. PDF IN BRIEF Host response: TFR1 and virus battle it out | Fungal biology: Ras1 as a switch for Candida albicans | Bacterial genomics: Learning about rare bacteria PDF Microbiology JOBS of the week PhD fellowship in Environmental Microbiology Aarhus University Denmark Faculty Position in Molecular Microbiology Wayne State University (WSU) Postdoctoral Virginia Commonwealth University - VCU PhD Student University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) Postdoc in rumen molecular microbiology Aarhus Universitet Denmark More Science jobs from
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
GENOME WATCH Culture-free club Josephine M. Bryant p434 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3052 This month's Genome Watch highlights recent studies demonstrating that genomic analyses of pathogens in clinical samples are not limited to culture-friendly bacteria. PDF
PROGRESS		Top
Article series: New technologies: methods and applications Transposon insertion sequencing: a new tool for systems-level analysis of microorganisms Tim van Opijnen & Andrew Camilli p435 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3033 The combination of transposon mutagenesis with next-generation sequencing has emerged as a useful tool for identifying putative gene function in a high-throughput manner. Here, van Opijnen and Camilli describe the four main techniques that are used for this purpose, with a focus on their application for uncovering bacterial gene function. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
REVIEWS		Top
The molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of oxidative stress: lessons from a model bacterium James A. Imlay p443 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3032 To survive in oxic environments, all organisms require mechanisms to degrade toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this Review, James Imlay describes the oxidative stress response of Escherichia coli and considers the damage caused by ROS and the adaptive strategies used by this bacterium to minimize intracellular ROS accumulation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Systems virology: host-directed approaches to viral pathogenesis and drug targeting G. Lynn Law, Marcus J. Korth, Arndt G. Benecke & Michael G. Katze p455 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3036 Katze and colleagues provide an overview of the evolution of systems virology and the insights obtained from using such methodologies to study virus-host interactions. Combining systems, mathematical and computational approaches with traditional virology research will offer a better understanding of how viruses cause disease and will help in the development of therapeutics. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Fortifying the barrier: the impact of lipid A remodelling on bacterial pathogenesis Brittany D. Needham & M. Stephen Trent p467 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3047 Lipid A is the bioactive component of the Gram-negative outer membrane and is extensively remodelled to enable the bacterium to subvert the immune system of the host. Here, Needham and Trent describe the regulation of lipid A-modifying enzymes, the host defences that target lipid A and the strategies that bacterial pathogens use to avoid immune detection. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The molecular and structural basis of advanced antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection Ralf Bartenschlager, Volker Lohmann & Francois Penin p482 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3046 Hepatitis C virus infection is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer, and current therapies are often ineffective or have severe side effects. Here, Bartenschlager and colleagues review how structural and functional insights into the viral life cycle have allowed the development of novel direct-acting antiviral agents. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
ANALYSIS		Top
The abundance and variety of carbohydrate-active enzymes in the human gut microbiota Abdessamad El Kaoutari, Fabrice Armougom, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Didier Raoult & Bernard Henrissat p497 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3050 The human genome encodes very few enzymes involved in the digestion of complex polysaccharides, and this deficit is compensated for by the myriad of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) encoded by members of the gut microbiome. In this Analysis article, Henrissat and colleagues characterize the CAZymes present in a representative human mini-microbiome. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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