Thursday, December 13, 2012

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: December 13 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 48

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange

TABLE OF CONTENTS

December 13 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 48

Analysis

Cover Story
Translational Notes
Targets and Mechanisms
Tools

The Distillery: Therapeutics

Cancer
Endocrine/metabolic disease
Musculoskeletal disease
Neurology

The Distillery: Techniques

Assays and screens
Disease models
Drug platforms
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Analysis

Cover Story

Top

Translating autism
Kai-Jye Lou
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1248
Researchers at McGill University have mouse data showing a causal link between eIF4E-mediated translational dysregulation and autism-related deficits. The group also corrected the dysregulation—and the associated autistic phenotype—with a small molecule.
Full Text | PDF

Translational Notes

Top

Quebec's research resurrection
Lev Osherovich
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1249
A shuttered AstraZeneca research center in Montreal has reemerged as Neomed, a public-private partnership between AstraZeneca, Pfizer and the government of Quebec. The institute will continue to develop AstraZeneca's pain compounds and plans to grow its pipeline with regional partnerships.
Full Text | PDF

Targets and Mechanisms

Top

Muscling up on Myozyme
Tim Fulmer
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1250
Oxyrane and BioMarin have separately reported on their next-generation enzyme replacement therapies for Pompe's disease. Both molecules cleared glycogen from mouse muscle better than the marketed drug Myozyme from Sanofi.
Full Text | PDF

Tools

Top

Pulmonary edema on a chip
Lauren Martz
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1251
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have described an organ-on-a-chip microfluidic model of pulmonary edema that could be better than culture models at predicting whether therapeutics will translate to humans. The team already has used the model in proof-of-concept studies to test potential pulmonary edema therapeutic candidates and wants to expand the use of the chip to model multiple lung diseases.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Therapeutics

Cancer

Top

Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1 (NCR1; NKP46; CD335); natural killer p30 receptor (NKp30; NCR3; CD337)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1252
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest inhibiting NCR1 or NCR3 could enhance oncolytic viral therapies to treat glioblastoma.
Full Text | PDF

Epsin 1 (EPN1); EPN2
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1253
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting EPN1 and EPN2 could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Retinoid X receptor-α (RXRA; RXRα); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1254
Cell culture studies suggest a xanthone called CF31, isolated from the Cratoxylum formosum plant, could be useful for treating cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Oncostatin M (OSM)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1255
Mouse studies suggest the cytokine OSM could help treat lung cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Endocrine/metabolic disease

Top

Not applicable
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1256
A clinical study suggests gastric bypass and gastric banding lead to equivalent and weight loss–dependent improvements in insulin sensitivity and β cell function.
Full Text | PDF

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1257
A zebrafish screening study identified metabolic activators that could protect against obesity-related metabolic dysregulation.
Full Text | PDF

Musculoskeletal disease

Top

Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 7A (WNT7A)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1258
Mouse studies suggest increasing WNT7A signaling could help treat muscular dystrophy.
Full Text | PDF

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3B)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1259
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting GSK3B could help treat DM1.
Full Text | PDF

Neurology

Top

Amyloid precursor protein (APP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1260
Studies in mice suggest preventing the accumulation of the C99 peptide fragment of APP could help prevent or treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

Arrestin β2 (ARRB2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1261
In vitro and mouse studies suggest antagonizing ARRB2 could help treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

Glycogen dependent kinase 3 (GSK3)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1262
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting GSK3 could help to treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

IL-12; IL-23
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1263
Patient sample and mouse studies suggest inhibiting IL-12 and IL-23 signaling could help treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

SRSF protein kinase 2 (SRPK2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1264
Human sample and mouse studies suggest inhibiting SRPK2 signaling could help treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

GABAA receptor
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1265
In vitro and clinical studies suggest GABAA receptor inhibitors could help treat hypersomnias (excessive sleepiness).
Full Text | PDF

Platelet derived growth factor A (PDGFA; PDGF1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1266
A study in mice suggests lithium could help treat neonatal hydrocephalus, an expansion of the cerebral ventricles.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Techniques

Assays and screens

Top

Antibiotic mode of action profile (BioMAP) screening to identify and classify antibiotics in natural product extracts
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1267
Comparing the inhibitory profiles of natural product extracts with those of known classes of antibiotics could help identify new antibiotic leads.
Full Text | PDF

Design of Genuine Structures (DOGS) software for de novo computer-assisted drug design
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1268
A computational software package called DOGS could be useful for discovering new therapeutic leads to treat cancer and other diseases.
Full Text | PDF

Disease models

Top

Mouse model for invasive lobular breast cancer metastasis
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1269
A mouse model for invasive lobular breast cancer metastasis could aid the understanding of metastasis and help test new therapeutic candidates.
Full Text | PDF

Drug platforms

Top

Boosting antitumor immune response by blocking glycolysis
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1270
A study in mice suggests blocking glycolysis with a small molecule could help enhance an antitumor immune response.
Full Text | PDF

Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) peptide tag to improve enzyme replacement therapies to treat Pompe's disease
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1271
A lysosome-targeting peptide tag may be useful for producing Pompe's disease enzyme replacement therapies that have better tissue uptake than unmodified acid α-glucosidase (GAA).
Full Text | PDF

Yeast cell lines for producing improved enzyme replacement therapies to treat Pompe's disease
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.1272
Genetically modified strains of the yeasts Yarrowia lipolytica and Pichia pastoris may be useful for producing Pompe's disease enzyme replacement therapies that have better tissue uptake than unmodified acid α-glucosidase (GAA).
Full Text | PDF

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