Nature Geoscience contents: November 2012 Volume 5 Number 11 pp755-834

TABLE OF CONTENTS November 2012 Volume 5, Issue 11 Editorial Correspondence Commentary In the press Books and Arts Research Highlights News and Views Progress Article Letters Article Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   The publication of this issue was delayed due to Hurricane Sandy closing our New York offices temporarily. We apologize for any inconvenience caused.   Editorial Top Eastern promise   p755 doi:10.1038/ngeo1636 Research in Asia, and particularly in China, is catching up with the traditional hotbeds of science. The next step towards a more even geographical distribution of research will be a higher proportion of top-level publications led by scientists at Chinese labs. Correspondence Top Giant Lake Geneva tsunami in ad 563   pp756 - 757 Katrina Kremer, Guy Simpson & Stéphanie Girardclos doi:10.1038/ngeo1618 Commentary Top Restoration sedimentology   pp758 - 759 Douglas A. Edmonds doi:10.1038/ngeo1620 River regulation and sea-level rise have damaged deltaic ecosystems as well as the sedimentological processes that support them. More scientific effort needs to be directed towards restoring land-building processes in our vanishing deltas. In the press Top Iron man's impact   p760 Mark Schrope doi:10.1038/ngeo1621 Books and Arts Top A most excellent adventure through time   p761 Euan G. Nisbet reviews How to Build a Habitable Planet by Charles H. Langmuir and Wally Broecker doi:10.1038/ngeo1624 Research Highlights Top Planetary science: Vesta's veneer | Palaeoclimate: Sun and wind | Marine chemistry: Oceanic oxygen loss | Deep earth: Anomalous mantle News and Views Top Earthquakes: Human-induced shaking   pp763 - 764 Jean-Philippe Avouac doi:10.1038/ngeo1609 In 2011, a modest earthquake in southern Spain seriously damaged the city of Lorca. Analysis of surface deformation suggests that the quake was caused by rupture of a shallow fault patch brought closer to failure by the pumping of water from a nearby aquifer. See also: Letter by González et al. Climate science: Tree rings and storm tracks   pp764 - 765 Julie Jones doi:10.1038/ngeo1625 Reconstructing past climate in the Southern Hemisphere is a challenge. An analysis of tree-ring records suggests that recent changes in the southern storm track in summer are unprecedented in the past 600 years. See also: Letter by Villalba et al. Planetary science: Lunar water from the solar wind   pp766 - 767 Marc Chaussidon doi:10.1038/ngeo1616 The surface of the Moon is not totally devoid of water. Analyses of lunar soils reveal that impact glasses contain significant amounts of water, with an isotopic composition that is indicative of an origin from the solar wind. See also: Letter by Liu et al. Volcanology: Rockfall-induced eruption   p767 Amy Whitchurch doi:10.1038/ngeo1628 Atmospheric science: Future oceans under pressure   pp768 - 769 Hisashi Nakamura doi:10.1038/ngeo1623 Subtropical highs influence climate over extensive regions of the planet. These maritime high-pressure systems are set to intensify in boreal summer over the coming century, as a result of an increase in the land-sea thermal contrast. See also: Article by Li et al. Geoscience JOBS of the week Assistant Professor of Environmental Geochemistry Univerisity of California, Berkeley Evolutionary Developmental Biologist Florida International University Biological Sciences Senior Scientist, Nutrition & Biodiversity Bioversity International Kington Chaired Professorship in Environmental Sciences University of Virginia Senior Lecturer in Plant Ecophysiology University of Gothenburg, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences More Science jobs from Geoscience EVENT 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & EXPO SGEM2013 16.-22.06.13 Albena, Bulgaria More science events from Progress Article Top Biological processes on glacier and ice sheet surfaces   pp771 - 774 Marek Stibal, Marie Šabacká & Jakub Žárský doi:10.1038/ngeo1611 Glacial ice covers around 10% of the Earth's continents. A review of the literature suggests that microbes living on glaciers and ice sheets are an integral part of both the glacial environment and the Earth's ecosystem. Letters Top Compositional evidence for an impact origin of the Moon's Procellarum basin   pp775 - 778 Ryosuke Nakamura, Satoru Yamamoto, Tsuneo Matsunaga, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Tomokatsu Morota, Takahiro Hiroi, Hiroshi Takeda, Yoshiko Ogawa, Yasuhiro Yokota, Naru Hirata, Makiko Ohtake & Kazuto Saiki doi:10.1038/ngeo1614 The nearside and farside of the Moon are compositionally distinct. The detection of low-calcium pyroxene around large impact basins suggests that the huge Procellarum basin on the nearside may be an ancient impact structure and a relic scar of the violent collision that produced the lunar dichotomy. Direct measurement of hydroxyl in the lunar regolith and the origin of lunar surface water   pp779 - 782 Yang Liu, Yunbin Guan, Youxue Zhang, George R. Rossman, John M. Eiler & Lawrence A. Taylor doi:10.1038/ngeo1601 Over the past few years, it has become clear that the Moon's surface is not entirely dry. The direct identification of hydroxyl in glasses produced in lunar soils by the impact of micrometeorites supports the idea that water was delivered to the lunar surface by the solar wind. See also: News and Views by Chaussidon A stratospheric connection to Atlantic climate variability   pp783 - 787 Thomas Reichler, Junsu Kim, Elisa Manzini & Jürgen Kröger doi:10.1038/ngeo1586 Stratospheric circulation is known to affect weather in the troposphere. Climate modelling reveals a connection between variations in the stratospheric and North Atlantic ocean circulation over the past 30 years, and demonstrates that the stratosphere is an important component of climate over multidecadal timescales. Atlantic Ocean influence on a shift in European climate in the 1990s   pp788 - 792 Rowan T. Sutton & Buwen Dong doi:10.1038/ngeo1595 The Atlantic Ocean has been suggested as an important driver of variability in European climate on decadal timescales. Analyses of ocean and atmosphere temperature data from observations suggest that the shift in European climate during the 1990s was a result of warming in the North Atlantic Ocean. Unusual Southern Hemisphere tree growth patterns induced by changes in the Southern Annular Mode   pp793 - 798 Ricardo Villalba, Antonio Lara, Mariano H. Masiokas, Rocío Urrutia, Brian H. Luckman, Gareth J. Marshall, Ignacio A. Mundo, Duncan A. Christie, Edward R. Cook, Raphael Neukom, Kathryn Allen, Pavla Fenwick, José A. Boninsegna, Ana M. Srur, Mariano S. Morales, Diego Araneo, Jonathan G. Palmer, Emilio Cuq, Juan C. Aravena, Andres Holz & Carlos LeQuesne doi:10.1038/ngeo1613 Recent changes in the Southern Annular Mode are associated with warmer, drier conditions in the Southern Hemisphere. An analysis of tree-ring records there suggests that these changes have significantly altered tree growth. See also: News and Views by Jones Ice-stream stability on a reverse bed slope   pp799 - 802 Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Andreas Vieli, Stephen J. Livingstone, Colm Ó Cofaigh, Chris Stokes, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand & Julian A. Dowdeswell doi:10.1038/ngeo1600 Marine ice streams whose beds deepen inland are thought to be inherently unstable. Numerical modelling of the Maguerite Bay ice-stream retreat in West Antarctica since the Last Glacial Maximum suggests that an ice stream can stabilize on an inland-sloping bed owing to increased lateral drag where the ice stream narrows. Linking the historic 2011 Mississippi River flood to coastal wetland sedimentation   pp803 - 807 Federico Falcini, Nicole S. Khan, Leonardo Macelloni, Benjamin P. Horton, Carol B. Lutken, Karen L. McKee, Rosalia Santoleri, Simone Colella, Chunyan Li, Gianluca Volpe, Marco D'Emidio, Alessandro Salusti & Douglas J. Jerolmack doi:10.1038/ngeo1615 In spring 2011, a record-breaking flood necessitated diversion of water from the lower Mississippi River to the Atchafalaya River Basin. A comparison between the dynamics in the two basins based on field-calibrated satellite observations and in situ data suggests that river-mouth dynamics and wetland sedimentation are directly linked. Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation over the past 5,200 years   pp808 - 812 Jesper Olsen, N. John Anderson & Mads F. Knudsen doi:10.1038/ngeo1589 The North Atlantic Oscillation influences climate in the Arctic region and northern Europe. Reconstructions of circulation patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation from a 5,200-year-long lake sediment record suggest that the atmospheric circulation responded to significant transitions in Northern Hemisphere climate. Strength and geometry of the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation   pp813 - 816 Jörg Lippold, Yiming Luo, Roger Francois, Susan E. Allen, Jeanne Gherardi, Sylvain Pichat, Ben Hickey & Hartmut Schulz doi:10.1038/ngeo1608 During the Last Glacial Maximum, the pattern of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation was different from today. A combination of sediment chemistry and a scavenging model suggests that the glacial circulation was shallower and at least as vigorous as today. North Atlantic forcing of Amazonian precipitation during the last ice age   pp817 - 820 Nicole A. S. Mosblech, Mark B. Bush, William D. Gosling, David Hodell, Louise Thomas, Peter van Calsteren, Alexander Correa-Metrio, Bryan G. Valencia, Jason Curtis & Robert van Woesik doi:10.1038/ngeo1588 The last glacial period was marked by rapid reorganizations of oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Speleothem records from the Amazon Basin suggest that precipitation variability was linked to these events. The 2011 Lorca earthquake slip distribution controlled by groundwater crustal unloading   pp821 - 825 Pablo J. González, Kristy F. Tiampo, Mimmo Palano, Flavio Cannavó & José Fernández doi:10.1038/ngeo1610 Earthquake rupture is influenced by stress conditions in the crust before the quake. Analysis and modelling of surface deformation caused by the May 2011 earthquake in Lorca, Spain, indicate that groundwater extraction influenced the pattern of fault rupture. See also: News and Views by Avouac Coupling at Mauna Loa and Kīlauea by stress transfer in an asthenospheric melt layer   pp826 - 829 Helge M. Gonnermann, James H. Foster, Michael Poland, Cecily J. Wolfe, Benjamin A. Brooks & Asta Miklius doi:10.1038/ngeo1612 Over the past decade, Kilauea and Mauna Loa—adjacent volcanoes in Hawai'i—have inflated and deflated in tandem, yet their shallow volcanic plumbing systems are separate. Numerical modelling of the volcanoes shows that dynamic stress transfer by asthenospheric pore pressure is a viable mechanism for volcano coupling in Hawai'i. Article Top Intensification of Northern Hemisphere subtropical highs in a warming climate   pp830 - 834 Wenhong Li, Laifang Li, Mingfang Ting & Yimin Liu doi:10.1038/ngeo1590 Subtropical high-pressure systems influence atmospheric circulation and global climate. Model simulations and reanalysis data suggest that summertime high pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere subtropics will intensify as a result of climate change. See also: News and Views by Nakamura Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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