Dear Reader ,
Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for week 37:
Dark energy is real, say astronomers
(Phys.org)�Dark energy, a mysterious substance thought to be speeding up the expansion of the Universe is really there, according to a team of astronomers at the University of Portsmouth and LMU University Munich.
In world's first, atomic force microscope sees chemical bonds in individual molecules (w/ video)
(Phys.org)�IBM scientists have been able to differentiate the chemical bonds in individual molecules for the first time using a technique known as noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM).
African fruit 'brightest' thing in nature but does not use pigment to create its extraordinary colour
(Phys.org)�The 'brightest' thing in nature, the Pollia condensata fruit, does not get its blue colour from pigment but instead uses structural colour � a method of reflecting light of particular wavelengths- new research reveals. The study was published today in the journal PNAS.
Engineers build Raspberry Pi supercomputer
(Phys.org)�Computational Engineers at the University of Southampton have built a supercomputer from 64 Raspberry Pi computers and Lego.
Physicists induce high-temperature superconductivity in semiconductor with Scotch tape
An international team led by University of Toronto physicists has developed a simple new technique using Scotch poster tape that has enabled them to induce high-temperature superconductivity in a semiconductor for the first time. The method paves the way for novel new devices that could be used in quantum computing and to improve energy efficiency.
Scientists discover planetary system orbiting Kepler-47
News flash: The Milky Way galaxy just got a little weirder. Back in 2011 astronomers were amazed when NASA's Kepler spacecraft discovered a planet orbiting a double star system.� Such a world, they realized, would have double sunsets and sunrises just like the fictional planet Tatooine in the movie Star Wars.� Yet this planet was real.
Japan tooth patch could be end of decay
Scientists in Japan have created a microscopically thin film that can coat individual teeth to prevent decay or to make them appear whiter, the chief researcher said.
Higgs boson: Landmark announcement clears key hurdle
The announcement two months ago that physicists have discovered a particle consistent with the famous Higgs boson cleared a formal hurdle on Monday with publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Martian 'blueberries' could be clues to presence of life
(Phys.org)�A discovery at The University of Western Australia that microbes helped shape rare spheres of iron-oxide on Earth may aid the newly landed Curiosity Rover in its search for the first verifiable signs of extra-terrestrial life in similar rocks on Mars.
Study of giant viruses shakes up tree of life
A new study of giant viruses supports the idea that viruses are ancient living organisms and not inanimate molecular remnants run amok, as some scientists have argued. The study reshapes the universal family tree, adding a fourth major branch to the three that most scientists agree represent the fundamental domains of life.
Mathematician announces that he's proved the ABC conjecture
(Phys.org)�In all of history there are very few names that stand out in the field of mathematics, at least among those not in the field: Euclid, Newton, Pythagoras, etc. This is likely due to several reasons, chief among them is that math is so seldom used by most people and the fact that its use in other sciences causes the underlying concepts to become overshadowed. That might change if what Shinichi Mochizuki of Kyoto University is claiming is true; that he has written a proof of the ABC conjecture. To mathematicians it's akin to the Grand Unified Theory of physics, a proof that would tie together most of the fundamental ideas in the field into one neat, fully explainable bundle.
Researchers at SLAC find too many taus decay from bottom quarks to fit Standard Model
(Phys.org)�In a reminder that not all important physics work is going on at CERN, researchers at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) have been sending positrons and electrons into storage rings left over from its now non-operational particle accelerator and have found, as they describe in their paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters, that the amount of taus produced as bottom (b) quarks decay, is more than has been predicated by the Standard Model, and indicates problems with the supersymmetry (SUSY) theory as well.
Incredible images of the Moon from Earth
Think this is an orbital view of the Moon? Guess again. Astrophotographer Thierry Legault took this image from his backyard in the suburbs of Paris, France! He's taken a series of images of the Moon the past few nights that will blow your mind when you consider they were taken from Earth, within the confines of the metropolis of Paris (largest city in France, 5th largest in the EU, 20th largest in the world). Thierry used a Celestron C14 EdgeHD (356mm) and Skynyx2.2 camera. You definitely want to click on these images for the larger versions on Thierry's website, and he suggests using a full-HD screen in subdued surroundings.
'Memristors' based on transparent electronics offer technology of the future
(Phys.org)�The transparent electronics that were pioneered at Oregon State University may find one of their newest applications as a next-generation replacement for some uses of non-volatile flash memory, a multi-billion dollar technology nearing its limit of small size and information storage capacity.
Physicists devise means for observing single atom interference over coherence length
(Phys.org)�Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico have succeeded in observing the interference of a single atom over a distance far greater than its coherence length using lasers and sequences of light pulses. As they describe in their paper they've uploaded to the preprint server arXiv, it's the first ever such direct observance and opens the door to offering evidence of the existence of non-Newtonian gravity at the micron scale.
Researchers make first all-optical nanowire switch
(Phys.org)�Computers may be getting faster every year, but those advances in computer speed could be dwarfed if their 1's and 0's were represented by bursts of light, instead of electricity.
Scientists discover second purpose for vortex generators
(Phys.org)�An airplane's vortex generators, which look like small fins on its surface, improve the plane's aerodynamics similar to the way in which the dimples on a golf ball improve the ball's aerodynamics: by delaying "boundary layer separation." While this mechanism is widely known, a new study has shown that vortex generators can improve a plane's aerodynamics in a second way, and the researchers demonstrate this way in a wind tunnel for the first time.
Electron magnetic moment calculated precisely
(Phys.org)�An electron, as well as other subatomic particles with an electric charge, is actually a little magnet�it spins like a top, giving it its own magnetic moment.
No more bubbles when boiling water
(Phys.org)�The research, which is the first of its kind, has identified a specially engineered steel surface that allows liquids to boil without bubbling.
iPhone 5 not just a phone; it's a stimulus too
Apple's iPhone 5 is one of the biggest product launches ever in the sector, and may also deliver a well-timed stimulus to the US economy ahead of the presidential election, analysts say.
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