Nature Immunology Contents: October 2012 Volume 13 pp 901 - 1019

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Bdbiosciences.com/go/bv605 Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement The Encyclopaedia of DNA Elements 30 papers published simultaneously in Nature, Genome Research and Genome Biology. Access videos, Features and the collected research papers, and explore the thematic threads that run through them via the Nature ENCODE explorer or the NatureENCODE app. Produced with support from Illumina   Focus Top Focus on Checks and Balances in the Immune System Focus issue: October 2012 Volume 13 No 10 Contents Editorial Commentary Review Research Highlights Immune cells drive a potent response after encounter with a pathogen. Nature Immunology presents a series of specially commissioned articles that discuss the metabolic requirements of immune responses and the regulatory circuits that balance eradication of the pathogen with minimal collateral damage to the host. Editorial Top Checks and Balances in the Immune System A balancing act   p901 doi:10.1038/ni.2430 Basic checkpoints and redundant modulatory mechanisms allow immune responses that are both efficient against pathogens and safe to the host. Commentary Top Checks and Balances in the Immune System Maintaining system homeostasis: the third law of Newtonian immunology   pp902 - 906 Ronald N Germain doi:10.1038/ni.2404 Reviews Top Checks and Balances in the Immune System Metabolic checkpoints in activated T cells   pp907 - 915 Ruoning Wang and Douglas R Green doi:10.1038/ni.2386 Checks and Balances in the Immune System Restraint of inflammatory signaling by interdependent strata of negative regulatory pathways   pp916 - 924 Peter J Murray and Stephen T Smale doi:10.1038/ni.2391 Checks and Balances in the Immune System From IL-2 to IL-37: the expanding spectrum of anti-inflammatory cytokines   pp925 - 931 Jacques Banchereau, Virginia Pascual and Anne O'Garra doi:10.1038/ni.2406 Checks and Balances in the Immune System The price of immunity   pp932 - 938 Romina S Goldszmid and Giorgio Trinchieri doi:10.1038/ni.2422 Research Highlights Top Checks and Balances in the Immune System T cell quorum sensing with Hippo | Licensing the inflammasome | Inflammation and wound repair | Anti-inflammatory signals | Leptin and mTor | Suppressing glial activation News and Views Top Securing the border: lymphotoxin, IL-23 and IL-22 keep out the bad guys and 'fatten' the homeland   pp940 - 941 Carles Ubeda and Eric G Pamer doi:10.1038/ni.2425 The axis of lymphotoxin and its receptor LTβR influences the composition of the host gut microbiome, leading to excessive weight gain in hosts fed a high-fat diet. See also: Article by Upadhyay et al. Yoking OX40 to regulation of IL-9   pp942 - 943 Ritobrata Goswami and Mark H Kaplan doi:10.1038/ni.2421 The secretion of cytokines by helper T cells is affected by the cytokine environment and by costimulatory signals. Engagement of the receptor OX40 on T cells increases expression of the transcription factor TRAF6, activates the alternative transcription factor NF-κB pathway and induces the production of interleukin 9. See also: Article by Xiao et al. The Foxp3 interactome: a network perspective of Treg cells   pp943 - 945 Shohei Hori doi:10.1038/ni.2424 Foxp3 protein complexes orchestrate the transcriptional network of regulatory T cells. The Foxp3 interactome is now identified and may act as a genetic switch that controls the differentiation of regulatory T cells. See also: Article by Fu et al. | Resource by Rudra et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Immunology Postdoctoral Position Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Post Doc in Immunology Linkoping University Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology & Inflammation SRI International, Biosciences Division Postdoc Virology / Immunology Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Chair, Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Texas Health Science Center More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances 2nd December - 5th December 2012 FL, US More science events from Research Highlights Top MicroRNA-based resistance to malaria | Bridging inflammation in obesity | Circadian rhythms | Pathogens and commensals | HVEM protects mucosa | Nuclear silencing Advertisement Visit the New mpbio.com It's Never Been Easier to... Find your favorite products Explore new products and applications Place orders online View your order history and status Search and find technical documents ...on the NEW mpbio.com   Articles Top Lymphotoxin regulates commensal responses to enable diet-induced obesity   pp947 - 953 Vaibhav Upadhyay, Valeriy Poroyko, Tae-jin Kim, Suzanne Devkota, Sherry Fu, Donald Liu, Alexei V Tumanov, Ekaterina P Koroleva, Liufu Deng, Cathryn Nagler, Eugene B Chang, Hong Tang and Yang-Xin Fu doi:10.1038/ni.2403 Innate immune responses influence the composition of gut microbiota. Fu and colleagues show that weight gain incurred with high-fat diets is dependent on intact lymphotoxin signaling that regulates IL-23 and IL-22 production. See also: News and Views by Ubeda & Pamer Type I interferon induces necroptosis in macrophages during infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium   pp954 - 962 Nirmal Robinson, Scott McComb, Rebecca Mulligan, Renu Dudani, Lakshmi Krishnan and Subash Sad doi:10.1038/ni.2397 The role of type I interferon in bacterial infection is poorly understood. Sad and colleagues demonstrate that Salmonella-triggered production of type I interferon induces macrophage necroptosis, evasion of the immune response and dissemination of bacteria. Lymphoid priming in human bone marrow begins before expression of CD10 with upregulation of L-selectin   pp963 - 971 Lisa A Kohn, Qian-Lin Hao, Rajkumar Sasidharan, Chintan Parekh, Shundi Ge, Yuhua Zhu, Hanna K A Mikkola and Gay M Crooks doi:10.1038/ni.2405 'Lymphoid priming' in human bone marrow is traditionally thought to begin with the expression of CD10 on CD34+ progenitors. Crooks and colleagues now demonstrate lymphoid priming in a subset of CD10-CD34+ progenitors that are CD62Lhi. A multiply redundant genetic switch 'locks in' the transcriptional signature of regulatory T cells   pp972 - 980 Wenxian Fu, Ayla Ergun, Ting Lu, Jonathan A Hill, Sokol Haxhinasto, Marlys S Fassett, Roi Gazit, Stanley Adoro, Laurie Glimcher, Susan Chan, Philippe Kastner, Derrick Rossi, James J Collins, Diane Mathis and Christophe Benoist doi:10.1038/ni.2420 Transcription factor Foxp3 is essential for the development and function of regulatory T cells, but it does not act in isolation. Benoist and colleagues identify a quintet of factors that facilitate transcriptional regulation by Foxp3. See also: News and Views by Hori OX40 signaling favors the induction of TH9 cells and airway inflammation   pp981 - 990 Xiang Xiao, Savithri Balasubramanian, Wentao Liu, Xiufeng Chu, Haibin Wang, Elizabeth J Taparowsky, Yang-Xin Fu, Yongwon Choi, Matthew C Walsh and Xian Chang Li doi:10.1038/ni.2390 TH9 cells secrete copious amounts of IL-9, but how their generation is controlled remains poorly defined. Li and colleagues demonstrate that ligation of the costimulatory receptor OX40 potently generates TH9 cells in a manner dependent on noncanonical NF-κB signaling. See also: News and Views by Goswami & Kaplan Induction and molecular signature of pathogenic TH17 cells   pp991 - 999 Youjin Lee, Amit Awasthi, Nir Yosef, Francisco J Quintana, Sheng Xiao, Anneli Peters, Chuan Wu, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Sharon Kunder, David A Hafler, Raymond A Sobel, Aviv Regev and Vijay K Kuchroo doi:10.1038/ni.2416 Exposure to interleukin 23 (IL-23) is required for the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells. Kuchroo and colleagues show that IL-23-dependent induction of the cytokine TGF-β3 produces a molecular signature characteristic of highly pathogenic TH17 cells. Advertisement The new V3 Western Workflow™ from Bio-Rad streamlines your western blot protocol and delivers reliable results faster. visualize and verify results at each step of your experiment, and quantify your proteins with confidence. See more V3 Western Workflow here.   Resources Top Molecular definition of the identity and activation of natural killer cells   pp1000 - 1009 Natalie A Bezman, Charles C Kim, Joseph C Sun, Gundula Min-Oo, Deborah W Hendricks, Yosuke Kamimura, J Adam Best, Ananda W Goldrath, Lewis L Lanier and The Immunological Genome Project Consortium:  Emmanuel L Gautier, Claudia Jakubzick, Gwendalyn J Randolph, Adam J Best, Jamie Knell, Ananda Goldrath, Jennifer Miller, Brian Brown, Miriam Merad, Vladimir Jojic, Daphne Koller, Nadia Cohen, Patrick Brennan, Michael Brenner, Tal Shay, Aviv Regev, Anne Fletcher, Kutlu Elpek, Angelique Bellemare-Pelletier, Deepali Malhotra, Shannon Turley, Radu Jianu, David Laidlaw, Jim J Collins, Kavitha Narayan, Katelyn Sylvia, Joonsoo Kang, Roi Gazit, Derrick J Rossi, Francis Kim, Tata Nageswara Rao, Amy Wagers, Susan A Shinton, Richard R Hardy, Paul Monach, Natalie A Bezman, Joseph C Sun, Charlie C Kim, Lewis L Lanier, Tracy Heng, Taras Kreslavsky, Michio Painter, Jeffrey Ericson, Scott Davis, Diane Mathis and Christophe Benoist doi:10.1038/ni.2395 Lanier and colleagues systematically define the transcriptome of mouse natural killer cells in several contexts, including activation states and relative to all other lymphocyte and myeloid populations profiled by the Immunological Genome Project consortium. Transcription factor Foxp3 and its protein partners form a complex regulatory network   pp1010 - 1019 Dipayan Rudra, Paul deRoos, Ashutosh Chaudhry, Rachel E Niec, Aaron Arvey, Robert M Samstein, Christina Leslie, Scott A Shaffer, David R Goodlett and Alexander Y Rudensky doi:10.1038/ni.2402 The transcription factor Foxp3 is essential for the function of regulatory T cells. Rudensky and colleagues show Foxp3 participates in large protein complexes that regulate gene expression of many of these components in self-reinforcing networks. See also: News and Views by Hori Top Advertisement Nature Outlook: Human Papillomavirus It might have taken 30 years from identification of HPV as the cause of cervical cancer to the first vaccine reaching the market, but there is still much to understand about HPV biology and an urgent need to improve on existing vaccines and diagnostic tests. Access the Outlook free online for six months. 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