Nature Climate Change Contents October 2012 Volume 2 Number 10 pp 703-760

TABLE OF CONTENTS October 2012 Volume 2, Issue 10 Editorial Correspondence News Feature Market Watch Research Highlights News and Views Perspectives Review Letters Corrigendum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Climate Change: Security, Resilience and Diplomacy 15 - 16 October Chatham House, London Last chance to register for the 16th Annual Chatham House Climate Change conference. Keynotes by Christiana Figueres, Head UNFCCC, Connie Hedegaard, European Commissioner for Climate Action and The Honourable Peter Kent, Environment Minister, Canada.   Advertisement Worlds Within Reach: From Science to Policy 24 - 26 October 2012 Join IIASA in Vienna to hear the latest thinking and research into how the world can respond to global challenges today and in the future. Leading scientists and experts will talk about viable solutions to global issues like climate change, water, energy, and poverty. IIASA Conference Web site: http://conference2012.iiasa.ac.at IIASA Web site: http://iiasa.ac.at   Editorial Top Database bonanza p703 doi:10.1038/nclimate1713 The burgeoning of public databases is benefiting climate change research, and the archiving of data in accessible, permanent repositories will soon become the norm. Correspondence Top Adapting to climate change through urban green infrastructure p704 Stuart R. Gaffin, Cynthia Rosenzweig and Angela Y. Y. Kong doi:10.1038/nclimate1685 News Feature Top Light is cast on a long shadow pp705 - 706 Anna Petherick doi:10.1038/nclimate1703 The fields of climate change and livestock research have not always been cosy bedfellows. But they are ironing out their difficulties and looking ahead. Market Watch Top Count your blessings pp707 - 708 Anna Petherick doi:10.1038/nclimate1701 As one country sets about properly valuing ecosystem services, Anna Petherick considers the path ahead for climate change discussions. Research Highlights Top Ecology: Shrubby Arctic carbon | Carbon cycle: Permafrost heats up | Attribution: Non-solar warming | Sociology: Economic and emissions trends | Psychology: Personal experience matters News and Views Top Psychology: Science literacy and climate views pp710 - 711 Adam Corner doi:10.1038/nclimate1700 Communicators are convinced of the importance of emphasizing the scientific evidence about climate change risks. But research shows that science-literate individuals are not necessarily the most concerned about global warming. See also: Letter by Dan M. Kahan et al. Ecology: Soil mediation in grasslands pp711 - 712 Howard Epstein doi:10.1038/nclimate1704 The physical composition of the soil can determine grassland plant responses to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. See also: Letter by Philip A. Fay et al. Nature Climate Change JOBS of the week Postdoc or PhD Position on Analysis of Climate Extremes Centre for Ice and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Postdocs Applying Climate Expertise Fellowships (PACE) UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs NOAA Climate & Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowships UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs Lecturer in Climate Change Adaptation and Biodiversity Conservation The University of Queensland Lecturer in Climate Change Adaptation and Biodiversity Conservation The University of Queensland More Science jobs from Nature Climate Change EVENT European Climate Change Adaptation Conference 2013 18.-20.03.12 Hamburg, Germany More science events from   Perspectives Top Stratospheric aerosol particles and solar-radiation management pp713 - 719 F. D. Pope, P. Braesicke, R. G. Grainger, M. Kalberer, I. M. Watson, P. J. Davidson and R. A. Cox doi:10.1038/nclimate1528 This Perspective investigates the optimal properties of aerosol particles that might be considered for solar-radiation management techniques using stratospheric particle injections. The study shows that aerosol materials other than sulphuric acid are possibly better suited for potential solar-radiation management geoengineering activities aimed at mitigating global warming. The need for new ocean conservation strategies in a high-carbon dioxide world pp720 - 724 Greg H. Rau, Elizabeth L. McLeod and Ove Hoegh-Guldberg doi:10.1038/nclimate1555 The threats posed to the marine environment by increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide are historically unprecedented, and will probably require the use of unconventional, non-passive methods to conserve marine ecosystems. In this Perspective it is argued that soliciting such approaches and evaluating their cost, safety and effectiveness must be part of a robust ocean conservation and management strategy. Review Top Climate change impacts on glaciers and runoff in Tien Shan (Central Asia) pp725 - 731 Annina Sorg, Tobias Bolch, Markus Stoffel, Olga Solomina and Martin Beniston doi:10.1038/nclimate1592 Tien Shan is known as the 'water tower of Central Asia'. This article reviews evidence for regional glacier retreat and explores the implications of climate-driven changes in glacier-fed stream-flow regimes for freshwater supply, irrigation and hydropower potential, explaining how environmental change resulting from continuing glacier retreat could exacerbate regional conflicts. Letters Top The polarizing impact of science literacy and numeracy on perceived climate change risks pp732 - 735 Dan M. Kahan, Ellen Peters, Maggie Wittlin, Paul Slovic, Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Donald Braman and Gregory Mandel doi:10.1038/nclimate1547 Public apathy over climate change is often attributed to a deficit in comprehension and to limits on technical reasoning. However, evidence suggests that individuals with the highest degrees of science literacy and technical reasoning capacity are not the most concerned about climate change and are the most culturally polarized. See also: News and Views by Adam Corner Asymmetric European summer heat predictability from wet and dry southern winters and springs pp736 - 741 Benjamin Quesada, Robert Vautard, Pascal Yiou, Martin Hirschi and Sonia I. Seneviratne doi:10.1038/nclimate1536 Increased summer heatwaves are a likely feature of future European climate. This study shows that wet previous seasons inhibit summer heat events, thus increasing seasonal predictability, but dry previous seasons do not, therefore decreasing seasonal predictability. Models suggest that a similar relation should hold in the future. Soil-mediated effects of subambient to increased carbon dioxide on grassland productivity pp742 - 746 Philip A. Fay, Virginia L. Jin, Danielle A. Way, Kenneth N. Potter, Richard A. Gill, Robert B. Jackson and H. Wayne Polley doi:10.1038/nclimate1573 Carbon dioxide enrichment can alter grassland ecosystem functioning directly and through indirect, soil-specific effects on moisture, nitrogen availability and species composition. Now research shows that change in aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) with carbon dioxide enrichment depends strongly on soil type; indicating that soils could cause spatial variation in carbon dioxide effects on ANPP and other ecosystem attributes. See also: News and Views by Howard Epstein Eco-evolutionary responses of biodiversity to climate change pp747 - 751 Jon Norberg, Mark C. Urban, Mark Vellend, Christopher A. Klausmeier and Nicolas Loeuille doi:10.1038/nclimate1588 This study describes the development of a multi-species model used to explore the integrated eco-evolutionary responses to climate change. The results should help to understand and predict the responses of biological diversity, ecosystems, and ecological services to changing climate. Changes to dryland rainfall result in rapid moss mortality and altered soil fertility pp752 - 755 Sasha C. Reed, Kirsten K. Coe, Jed P. Sparks, David C. Housman, Tamara J. Zelikova and Jayne Belnap doi:10.1038/nclimate1596 Arid and semi-arid ecosystems cover ∼40% of Earth’s land surface, but little is known about how climate change will affect these areas. Now experimental research shows that altered precipitation (more small events) can result in a negative moss carbon balance leading to dramatic moss mortality. These findings indicate the potential sensitivity of drylands to subtle climatic changes. Decline of forereef corals in response to recent warming linked to history of thermal exposure pp756 - 760 Karl D. Castillo, Justin B. Ries, Jack M. Weiss and Fernando P. Lima doi:10.1038/nclimate1577 Increasing ocean temperatures are impacting the health of coral reef ecosystems, but understanding how the response of corals varies spatially remains important for conservation efforts. Now research shows that skeletal extension within forereef colonies of the coral Siderastrea siderea declined with increasing seawater temperature, whereas extension rates of backreef and nearshore colonies were not impacted. Corrigendum Top Changes in pH at the exterior surface of plankton with ocean acidification p760 Kevin J. Flynn, Jerry C. Blackford, Mark E. Baird, John A. Raven, Darren R. Clark, John Beardall, Colin Brownlee, Heiner Fabian and Glen L. Wheeler doi:10.1038/nclimate1696 Advertisement Online-only personal subscriptions now available to Nature Geoscience For only 49 USD/29 GBP/29 EUR Subscribe now!   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. 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