Thursday, August 16, 2012

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: August 16 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 32

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange

TABLE OF CONTENTS

August 16 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 32

Analysis

Cover Story
Targets and Mechanisms
Tools
Public-Private Interface

The Distillery: Therapeutics

Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
Dermatology
Endocrine/metabolic disease
Infectious disease
Neurology
Other

The Distillery: Techniques

Assays and screens
Disease models
Drug platforms
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Analysis

Cover Story

Top

Tracing cancer stem cells
Tim Fulmer
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.830
Three academic teams have independently developed techniques for in vivo detection of cancer stem cells in mice with solid tumors. The methods could be useful as next-generation target discovery platforms and screens for compounds targeting cancer stem cells.
Full Text | PDF

Targets and Mechanisms

Top

Amyloids for inflammation
Kai-Jye Lou
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.831
Stanford researchers have shown that systemic treatment with β-amyloid peptides could reduce inflammation in mouse models of multiple sclerosis. Cardinal Therapeutics has licensed the work along with related technologies and now is trying to develop anti-inflammatory compounds based on the mechanism.
Full Text | PDF

Tools

Top

Finding the perfect combination
Tracey Baas
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.832
Two independent research teams have used cell culture methods to show that excessive HGF/SF activity drives resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma. The findings could provide a rationale for combining HGF/SF or MET inhibitors with BRAF inhibitors to overcome treatment resistance in the disease.
Full Text | PDF

Public-Private Interface

Top

CIRM: get a little closer
Michael J. Haas
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.833
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine's latest batch of grants reflects its interest in funding projects that are close to entering the clinic.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Therapeutics

Cancer

Top

5-Methoxytryptophan (5-MTP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.834
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest 5-MTP could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Cyclin dependent kinase 8 (CDK8); CDK19 (CDC2L6); cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1; CDKN1A; CIP1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.835
In vitro and mouse studies suggest dual CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors could help improve chemotherapy efficacy.
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Smoothened (SMO)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.836
In vitro studies identified inhibitors of SMO ciliary localization and cilia assembly that could help treat Hedgehog pathway–driven cancers.
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c-Myc (MYC); zinc finger protein 36 C3H type homolog (ZFP36; TTP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.837
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest increasing TTP signaling could help treat and prevent MYC-driven lymphomas.
Full Text | PDF

Cardiovascular disease

Top

Transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGFβ-RII; TGFBR2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.838
In vitro studies suggest a TGFBR2 inhibitor could help regenerate damaged cardiac tissue.
Full Text | PDF

Dermatology

Top

Acid-sensing ion channel-3 (ASIC3; ACCN3)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.839
Rodent studies suggest increasing ASIC3 channel activity could help prevent dermal ulcers.
Full Text | PDF

ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (ADAM12)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.840
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting ADAM12 could help prevent tissue fibrosis and scarring.
Full Text | PDF

Endocrine/metabolic disease

Top

BR serine/threonine kinase 2 (BRSK2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.841
Human tissue and mouse studies suggest antagonizing BRSK2 could help treat type 2 diabetes.
Full Text | PDF

Infectious disease

Top

Bacillus anthracis lethal factor
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.842
In vitro studies suggest depsidones could help treat anthrax exposure.
Full Text | PDF

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFB; TGFβ)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.843
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest inhibiting TGFb signaling could help protect newborns from infection.
Full Text | PDF

Neurology

Top

Not applicable
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.844
Mouse studies suggest reducing proinflammatory cytokine levels could help treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

β-Amyloid 40; β-amyloid 42
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.845
Mouse studies suggest amyloid peptides could help treat MS.
Full Text | PDF

Liver X receptor-β (NR1H2; LXR-β); LXR
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.846
Mouse studies suggest LXR agonists could help treat PD.
Full Text | PDF

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2; NRF2); glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.847
Mouse studies suggest increasing NRF2 activity could help treat Alexander disease, a neurodegenerative condition caused by a GFAP mutation.
Full Text | PDF

Other

Top

Solute carrier family 17 sodium-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter member 8 (SLC17A8; VGLUT3)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.848
Mouse studies suggest gene therapy could help treat congenital deafness caused by mutations in VGLUT3.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Techniques

Assays and screens

Top

Statistical genomic analysis approach to determine driver mutations in melanoma
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.849
A statistical genomic analysis approach to determine driver mutations in melanoma could help identify new targets to treat the disease.
Full Text | PDF

Disease models

Top

Guinea pig models for assessing safety of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived cardiomyocyte transplants
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.850
Guinea pigs could help assess the safety and efficacy of hESC-derived cardiomyocyte transplants.
Full Text | PDF

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell–derived neurons from patients with familial Parkinson's disease (PD)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.851
iPS cell–derived neurons from patients with PD may help characterize disease phenotypes and aid in the identification of therapeutics that correct the phenotypes.
Full Text | PDF

Mouse models of human CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9; CDw199)-expressing colorectal cancer
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.852
Mouse models based on CCR9-expressing human colorectal cancer cell lines could help identify new therapies to treat the disease.
Full Text | PDF

Drug platforms

Top

Crystal structures of HCV NS3/4A protease complex with HCV protease inhibitors
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.853
Crystal structures of HCV NS3/4A proteases complexed with HCV protease inhibitors could aid the development of new therapeutics against drug-resistant HCV strains.
Full Text | PDF

Genetic lineage markers for identifying glioma cancer stem cells
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.854
Mouse studies suggest cell-specific expression of GFP-based genetic elements could be useful for identifying compounds that target glioma stem cells.
Full Text | PDF

Genetic lineage markers for identifying intestinal cancer stem cells
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.855
Mouse studies suggest genetic lineage markers may be useful for identifying compounds that target intestinal cancer stem cells.
Full Text | PDF

Genetic lineage markers for identifying skin cancer stem cells
doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.856
Mouse studies suggest genetic lineage markers could be useful for identifying compounds that target skin cancer stem cells.
Full Text | PDF

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