Friday, June 29, 2012

Nature Physics July Issue

Nature Physics
TABLE OF CONTENTS

July 2012 Volume 8, Issue 7

Editorials
Thesis
Books and Arts
Research Highlights
News and Views
Letters
Articles



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Editorials

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Light in the east   p505
doi:10.1038/nphys2369
Plans for the Extreme Light Infrastructure in eastern Europe are soon to be complete, with the choice of a fourth, and final, site for the facility.

Everyone's a winner   p505
doi:10.1038/nphys2370
The bid to host the world's largest, most sensitive radio telescope has ended in a tie.

Thesis

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Passing trade   p507
Mark Buchanan
doi:10.1038/nphys2359

Books and Arts

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Theatre: Physicists behaving badly   pp508 - 509
Alison Wright
doi:10.1038/nphys2360

Research Highlights

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Shrink from tension | Branching out | Exciting an avalanche | Out of the vacuum | Opposites form Cooper pairs


News and Views

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Measurement back-action: Listening with quantum dots   pp511 - 512
Thaddeus D. Ladd
doi:10.1038/nphys2354
Single electrons in quantum dots can be disturbed by the apparatus used to measure them. The disturbance can be mediated by incoherent phonons — literally, noise. Engineering acoustic interference could negate these deleterious effects and bring quantum dots closer to becoming a robust quantum technology.

See also: Letter by Granger et al.

Complex networks: The missing link   pp512 - 513
Jean-Jacques Slotine and Yang-Yu Liu
doi:10.1038/nphys2342
A study shows that controlling link dynamics on a network is distinctly different from controlling the dynamics of its nodes. This development illustrates how ideas from control-systems engineering can help us better understand the organization of complex systems.

See also: Article by Nepusz & Vicsek

Supernova neutrinos: Improved flavour   p514
Ed Gerstner
doi:10.1038/nphys2361

High-temperature superconductivity: Charting the pseudogap   pp514 - 516
Peter Wahl
doi:10.1038/nphys2358
Hole-doped cuprate superconductors exhibit an enigmatic state known as the pseudogap state. Mapping the distribution of this state as it evolves in real space with doping indicates that the moment the pseudogap fills the material is when superconductivity emerges — suggesting an intimate connection between the two.

See also: Letter by Kohsaka et al.

Particle physics: X marks the spot...   p516
Alison Wright
doi:10.1038/nphys2363

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Letters

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Efficient and long-lived quantum memory with cold atoms inside a ring cavity   pp517 - 521
Xiao-Hui Bao, Andreas Reingruber, Peter Dietrich, Jun Rui, Alexander Duck, Thorsten Strassel, Li Li, Nai-Le Liu, Bo Zhao and Jian-Wei Pan
doi:10.1038/nphys2324
A quantum memory that combines high-efficiency and long lifetime is now demonstrated. Employing a collective excitation, or spin wave, in an ensemble of atoms in a trap improves memory lifetime, while incorporating the trap into an optical ring cavity simultaneously aids higher retrieval efficiency.

Quantum interference and phonon-mediated back-action in lateral quantum-dot circuits   pp522 - 527
G. Granger, D. Taubert, C. E. Young, L. Gaudreau, A. Kam, S. A. Studenikin, P. Zawadzki, D. Harbusch, D. Schuh, W. Wegscheider, Z. R. Wasilewski, A. A. Clerk, S. Ludwig and A. S. Sachrajda
doi:10.1038/nphys2326
You influence a system by measuring it. This back-action is an important consideration when studying tiny structures in which quantum effects play a crucial role. Researchers now show that quantum interference could provide a way to negate back-action in quantum-dot-qubit circuits.

See also: News and Views by Ladd

Emergent rank-5 nematic order in URu2Si2    pp528 - 533
Hiroaki Ikeda, Michi-To Suzuki, Ryotaro Arita, Tetsuya Takimoto, Takasada Shibauchi and Yuji Matsuda
doi:10.1038/nphys2330
Uranium ruthenium silicide exhibits a discontinuity in its specific heat at 17.5 K. The underlying cause of this anomaly is hotly debated. A first-principles study of high-order correlations in its electronic structure suggests this behaviour is the result of the emergence of rank-5 nematic order.

Visualization of the emergence of the pseudogap state and the evolution to superconductivity in a lightly hole-doped Mott insulator   pp534 - 538
Y. Kohsaka, T. Hanaguri, M. Azuma, M. Takano, J. C. Davis and H. Takagi
doi:10.1038/nphys2321
Scanning tunnelling microscopy images of the evolution of the pseudogap phase of a hole-doped cuprate superconductor suggest that it emerges in localized clusters that grow with increasing doping. Moreover, the eventual coalescence of these clusters coincides with the emergence of superconductivity.

See also: News and Views by Wahl

Equal-spin Andreev reflection and long-range coherent transport in high-temperature superconductor/half-metallic ferromagnet junctions   pp539 - 543
C. Visani, Z. Sefrioui, J. Tornos, C. Leon, J. Briatico, M. Bibes, A. Barthélémy, J. Santamaría and Javier E. Villegas
doi:10.1038/nphys2318
The penetration of a superconducting current from a superconductor into a half-metallic ferromagnet is usually forbidden. Resonances in the conductance spectra of superconductor/half-metal heterostructures suggest this restriction is lifted by the occurrence of unconventional equal-spin Andreev reflection.

Articles

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Probing an ultracold-atom crystal with matter waves   pp544 - 549
Bryce Gadway, Daniel Pertot, Jeremy Reeves and Dominik Schneble
doi:10.1038/nphys2320
Diffraction of matter waves from crystalline structures has long been used to characterize underlying spatial order. The same principle offers a valuable—and potentially non-destructive—tool for probing the strongly correlated phases of ultracold atoms confined to optical lattices.

Spin and valley quantum Hall ferromagnetism in graphene   pp550 - 556
A. F. Young, C. R. Dean, L. Wang, H. Ren, P. Cadden-Zimansky, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, J. Hone, K. L. Shepard and P. Kim
doi:10.1038/nphys2307
The extra states sometimes observed in graphene's quantum Hall characteristics have been presumed to be the result of broken SU(4) symmetry. Magnetotransport measurements of high-quality graphene in a tilted magnetic field finally prove this is indeed the case.

Highly efficient spin transport in epitaxial graphene on SiC   pp557 - 561
Bruno Dlubak, Marie-Blandine Martin, Cyrile Deranlot, Bernard Servet, Stéphane Xavier, Richard Mattana, Mike Sprinkle, Claire Berger, Walt A. De Heer, Frédéric Petroff, Abdelmadjid Anane, Pierre Seneor and Albert Fert
doi:10.1038/nphys2331
A demonstration of the ability to transmit spin currents over distances of more than one hundred micrometres with an efficiency of up to 75% in graphene grown epitaxially on silicon carbide improves the prospects of graphene-based spintronic devices.

Multiscale photosynthetic and biomimetic excitation energy transfer   pp562 - 567
A. K. Ringsmuth, G. J. Milburn and T. M. Stace
doi:10.1038/nphys2332
There is growing evidence that quantum coherence enhances energy transfer through individual photosynthetic light-harvesting protein complexes. This idea is now extended to complicated networks of such proteins and chemical reaction centres. A mathematical analysis reveals that coherence lengths up to 5 nm are possible.

Controlling edge dynamics in complex networks   pp568 - 573
Támas Nepusz and Tamas Vicsek
doi:10.1038/nphys2327
Surprisingly little is known about how network dynamics might be controlled, despite extensive research into how they behave. A study of the controllability of network edge dynamics reveals that it differs from that of nodal dynamics, and that real-world networks are easier to control than their random counterparts.

See also: News and Views by Slotine & Liu

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