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Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for May 13, 2012:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
- Plant enzyme's origins traced to non-enzyme ancestors- Electronic nose prototype may be worn for safety-sniffing
- Solar-panel-like retinal prosthesis could better restore sight to blind
- Researchers generate electricity from viruses
- Time, place and how wood is used are factors in carbon emissions from deforestation
- DNA replication protein Cdt1 also has a role in mitosis, cancer
- New research finds powerful function of alpha 2 delta protein that controls neurotransmission
- Americans support national clean-energy standard: study
- Foxtail millet genome sequence completed
- Topological insulators: Researchers map path to quantum electronic devices
- Sony patent seeks to correct autostereoscopic blur
- Twitter users given legal warning in Britain
- Scientists 'read' the ash from the Icelandic volcano two years after its eruption
Space & Earth news
Chile supreme court halts Patagonia dam project
Chile's supreme court has halted construction on the Rio Cuervo hydroelectric project in the country's remote and pristine Patagonia region, after accepting an appeal from environmental groups.
Wasted milk is a real drain on our resources, study shows
Milk poured down Britain's kitchen sinks each year creates a carbon footprint equivalent to thousands of car exhaust emissions, research shows.
Houston lawyer on quest to find missing moon rocks
(AP) -- The dark suit and tie Joe Gutheinz wore set him apart from other customers inside a Texas eatery where the usual attire is jeans and cowboy hats.
Scientists 'read' the ash from the Icelandic volcano two years after its eruption
In May 2010, the ash cloud from the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull reached the Iberian Peninsula and brought airports to a halt all over Europe. At the time, scientists followed its paths using satellites, laser detectors, sun photometers and other instruments. Two years later they have now presented the results and models that will help to prevent the consequences of such natural phenomena.
Time, place and how wood is used are factors in carbon emissions from deforestation
A new study from the University of California, Davis, provides a deeper understanding of the complex global impacts of deforestation on greenhouse gas emissions.
Technology news
Post office will not ship laptops, iPads abroad
(AP) -- The U.S. Postal Service is banning international shipments of electronics with lithium batteries such as smartphones, laptops and iPads, citing the risk of fire.
Facebook wraps up IPO road show in Silicon Valley
(AP) -- Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and other executives addressed about 200 prospective investors Friday at a hotel luncheon in Silicon Valley.
Social media's impact on kids merits big debate: US expert
Facebook's big stock offering on Wall Street must be followed by an intensive debate on Main Street about social media's powerful impact on children, an expert on the topic says.
Yahoo names Levinsohn interim CEO (Update)
(AP) -- Yahoo says it is appointing Ross Levinsohn as interim CEO and Fred Amoroso as chairman of its board, effective immediately.
Facebook CEO turns 28, IPO could be $100B gift
(AP) -- Don't let the hoodie and sneakers fool you. Mark Zuckerberg is no wet-behind-the-ears CEO.
Twitter users given legal warning in Britain
The Internet is not a law-free zone, the British government's top law officer warned Twitter users, adding that he would not hesitate to take action over offending posts.
Americans support national clean-energy standard: study
The average U.S. citizen is willing to pay 13 percent more for electricity in support of a national clean-energy standard (NCES), according to Yale and Harvard researchers in Nature Climate Change.
Sony patent seeks to correct autostereoscopic blur
(Phys.org) -- Sony has filed a patent with the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office for a glasses-free 3-D display that will adjust the picture so that the user gets an optimal view no matter how far or close to the screen. In its application, “Stereoscopic Image Processing Method and Apparatus,” Sony defined its patent intent: “A stereoscopic image processing method for a stereoscopic image pair forming a 3-D image comprises the steps of evaluating whether the distance of a user is closer or further than a preferred distance from a 3-D image display upon which the stereoscopic image pair is to be displayed, and if the evaluation indicates that the user is further than the preferred distance from the 3-D image display, adjusting the respective displacements between corresponding image elements in the stereoscopic image pair, thereby changing the stereoscopic parallax in the 3-D image.”
Medicine & Health news
Simulation training improves critical decision-making skills of ER residents
A Henry Ford Hospital study found that simulation training improved the critical decision-making skills of medical residents performing actual resuscitations in the Emergency Department.
FDA delays rules meant to ease sunscreen confusion
(AP) -- Sunscreen confusion won't be over before summer after all. The government is bowing to industry requests for more time to make clear how much protection their brands really offer against skin cancer.
Lack of basic evidence hampering prevention of sudden heart attacks in sport
Big gaps in basic knowledge about the numbers and causes of apparently inexplicable heart attacks among young sportsmen and women are seriously hampering our ability to prevent them, says a sport and exercise medicine specialist in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Breathing during radiotherapy -- how to hit the treatment target without causing collateral damage
Barcelona, Spain: Respiratory movement during radiotherapy makes it difficult to hit the right treatment target and this in turn can lead to an under-dose of radiation to the tumour, or a potentially toxic over-dose to the surrounding healthy tissue. Getting this right is a real challenge for the radiotherapist, but new techniques are helping to deliver the correct dose to the right place, the 31st conference of the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO 31) will hear today.
First, second kidney transplants have similar success: study
(HealthDay) -- One failed kidney transplant doesn't mean a second transplant is likely to fail, according to a new study that found similar kidney survival, rejection and infection rates in people who undergo repeat transplants compared to patients who have had just one.
Time cover masks problem: Too few kids breast-fed
(AP) -- The real issue with breast-feeding is this: Too few infants who could really benefit from it are getting mom's milk.
Lifesaving devices missing near the scene of three-quarters of cardiac arrests
More than 75 percent of cardiac arrest victims are stricken too far away from an automated external defibrillator for the lifesaving device to be obtained quickly enough to offer the best chance at saving their lives, according to new research from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania that will be presented today at the annual meeting of Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. The findings may offer an important clue about why, despite CPR and AED awareness campaigns across the United States, cardiac arrest rates remain poor – below 10 percent – in most areas of the country.
Black cardiac arrest victims less apt to receive CPR and shocks to the heart from bystanders
Black cardiac arrest victims who are stricken outside hospitals are less likely to receive bystander CPR and defibrillation on the scene than white patients, according to research that will be presented by a research team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania today at the annual meeting of Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. The researchers also found that black patients' hearts were much less likely to have been restarted by the time they arrived at the hospital – a key indicator for whether cardiac arrest victims ultimately survive.
Post-SES implantation, statins prevent late revascularization
(HealthDay) -- For patients who undergo sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation, use of statin therapy is associated with a reduced risk of late target lesion revascularization (TLR), according to a study published in the May 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
New research finds powerful function of alpha 2 delta protein that controls neurotransmission
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College have discovered that the single protein -- alpha 2 delta -- exerts a spigot-like function, controlling the volume of neurotransmitters and other chemicals that flow between the synapses of brain neurons. The study, published online in Nature, shows how brain cells talk to each other through these signals, relaying thoughts, feelings and action, and this powerful molecule plays a crucial role in regulating effective communication.
Biology news
Thousands of birds found dead on Chile beaches
About 2,000 birds were found dead on beaches in central Chile, a natural history museum director said Friday, accusing fishermen of snagging them in their nets and letting them drown.
DNA replication protein Cdt1 also has a role in mitosis, cancer
The foundation of biological inheritance is DNA replication – a tightly coordinated process in which DNA is simultaneously copied at hundreds of thousands of different sites across the genome. If that copying mechanism doesn't work as it should, the result could be cells with missing or extra genetic material, a hallmark of the genomic instability seen in most birth defects and cancers.
Foxtail millet genome sequence completed
BGI, in cooperation with Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Science, has completed the genome sequence and analysis of foxtail millet (Setaria italica), the second-most widely planted species of millet. This study provides an invaluable resource for the study and genetic improvement of foxtail millet and millet crops at a genome-wide level. Results of the latest study were published online today in Nature Biotechnology.
Plant enzyme's origins traced to non-enzyme ancestors
(Phys.org) -- As plants began to transition from aquatic habitats to dry land some 500 million years ago, their needs changed. Those primitive ancestors of modern plants were ill-equipped to survive in a dry, sunlight-blasted world. But gradually, they evolved enzymes that let them synthesize new kinds of chemicals to protect them from the threats of their new world, such as the damaging ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun.
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