Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents June 2012 Volume 13 Number 6 pp 359-445

TABLE OF CONTENTS
June 2012 Volume 13 Number 6
Impact Factor 20.951 *	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: Brain ageing Neural circuits  Featured article: Deep molecular diversity of mammalian synapses: why it matters and how to measure it Nancy A. O'Rourke, Nicholas C. Weiler, Kristina D. Micheva & Stephen J. Smith
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Nature Neuroscience FOCUS ON SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE This Focus discusses how the brain implements social processes and behavior, and how these processes are in turn modified by the brain, to influence things ranging from physical and mental health to the punishment of deviation from social norms. Read this Focus online: http://www.nature.com/neuro/focus/socialneuroscience
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Neurogenetics: Unravelling the genetics of autism p359 | doi:10.1038/nrn3259 Four new studies provide insight into the heterogeneous nature of the genetic component of autism spectrum disorders. PDF Neurodevelopmental disorders: Reversing the fragile X phenotype p360 | doi:10.1038/nrn3255 Chronic mGluR5 inhibition can reverse fragile X phenotypes in adult mice. PDF Brain–machine interfaces: Restoring movement in a paralysed hand p360 | doi:10.1038/nrn3260 Motor activity in a paralysed hand is restored by directly translating neural signals in the motor cortex into muscle contractions, bypassing the spinal cord. PDF Neurodegenerative disorders: Transplanted photoreceptors see the light p360 | doi:10.1038/nrn3265 A new study shows that transplanted rod photoreceptors can become integrated into retinal circuits and restore functional vision in mice. PDF Neurotransmission: Autophagy regulates transmission p362 | doi:10.1038/nrn3266 mTOR-regulated autophagy influences neurotransmission. PDF Sensory systems: Great (taste) expectations p362 | doi:10.1038/nrn3267 A study in rats shows that cue-induced expectation alters cortical processing of taste stimuli. PDF IN BRIEF Addiction: RAC1 signalling remodels dendrites | Gene expression: Profiling expression in the human cortex | Depression: Biomarker discovery | Neuronal circuits: Social status defines circuits | Learning and memory: piRNA-regulated memory? | Neurodegenerative disease: The pyroglutamylated seed | Neurodegenerative disease: The interneuron link PDF Neuroscience JOBS of the week Stochastic modelling in the neurosciences Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo - Dip. Scienze di Base e Fondamenti Postdoctoral Neuroscience Research Positions University of California, Irvine Postdoctoral Associate in Neuroscience Tel Aviv University PhD scholarship in cognitive neuroscience Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) Post-doctoral position in Prague / Czech Republic (neurosciences) Institute of Experimental Medicine of ASCR, v.v.i, More Science jobs from Neuroscience EVENT FENS Forum of Neuroscience 14.-17.07.12 Barcelona, Spain More science events from
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REVIEWS		Top
Article series: Neural circuits Deep molecular diversity of mammalian synapses: why it matters and how to measure it Nancy A. O'Rourke, Nicholas C. Weiler, Kristina D. Micheva & Stephen J. Smith p365 | doi:10.1038/nrn3170 The use of sophisticated molecular and genetic techniques has revealed the complexity and diversity of the protein composition of different synapses. Smith and colleagues describe methods for investigating synaptic diversity and show how knowledge gained from these studies can advance our understanding of neural circuit organization and function. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Regulation of neuronal GABAB receptor functions by subunit composition Martin Gassmann & Bernhard Bettler p380 | doi:10.1038/nrn3249 GABAB receptor activity is integral to the proper functioning of many neural systems. In this Review, Gassmann and Bettler examine our understanding of the subunit composition of such receptors and how this affects GABAB receptor properties, neuronal processes and higher brain functions. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Apoptotic and non-apoptotic roles of caspases in neuronal physiology and pathophysiology Bradley T. Hyman & Junying Yuan p395 | doi:10.1038/nrn3228 Caspases are most well known for their role in programmed cell death (apoptosis), but more recently, it has emerged that when caspases are expressed in a localized and restricted manner, they can regulate normal physiological functions such as circuit refinement through axon pruning and synapse elimination. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The origin of extracellular fields and currents — EEG, ECoG, LFP and spikes György Buzsáki, Costas A. Anastassiou & Christof Koch p407 | doi:10.1038/nrn3241 Neuronal activity in the brain gives rise to transmembrane and extracellular electromagnetic fields that can be measured in the extracellular medium using several approaches. In this Review, Buzsáki and colleagues provide an overview of the mechanisms that underlie the generation of extracellular currents and fields. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
The pain of social disconnection: examining the shared neural underpinnings of physical and social pain Naomi I. Eisenberger p421 | doi:10.1038/nrn3231 The experience of social rejection, exclusion or loss is often described as 'painful'. Naomi Eisenberger here outlines the evidence that the processing of these forms of 'social pain' share many underlying neural substrates with physical pain mechanisms and considers the implications of this convergent neural circuitry. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Article series: Brain ageing Insights into CNS ageing from animal models of senescence Mark Yeoman, Greg Scutt & Richard Faragher p435 | doi:10.1038/nrn3230 The conservation of processes associated with normal ageing across species suggests that model systems can contribute to our understanding of human brain ageing. In this Perspective article the authors review the insights into longevity emerging from model organisms and highlight the need for the new paradigms in gerontology to be applied to the CNS. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Erratum: The stress of misfolding Darran Yates p445 | doi:10.1038/nrn3252 Full Text | PDF
Erratum: Axonal mRNA localization and local protein synthesis in nervous system assembly, maintenance and repair Hosung Jung, Byung C. Yoon & Christine E. Holt p445 | doi:10.1038/nrn3254 Full Text | PDF
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The biology of happiness Ladislav Kovác – EMBO reports | doi:10.1038/embor.2012.26 Happiness has become a major topic of interest in both affluent and developing countries. Regular surveys measure the general happiness of populations to determine which country cares best for its citizens - Norway often comes out on top.
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*2010 Journal Citation Report (Thomson Reuters, 2011)

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