Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents May 2012 Volume 13 Number 5 pp 287-358

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 2012 Volume 13 Number 5		Advertisement
Impact Factor 29.51 *	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: Brain ageing Neural circuits  Featured article: The economy of brain network organization Ed Bullmore & Olaf Sporns	Enhanced biological safety for flow cytometry Biosafety cabinets developed for BD flow cytometry instruments provide a high standard of safety, protecting people, products, and the environment. Learn more about the innovations from BD that can improve your workflow, results, and provide the highest level of safety in your lab. bdbiosciences.com/go/biosafety
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Nature Reviews Neuroscience ARTICLE SERIES ON BRAIN AGEING The articles in this series examine the hallmarks of ageing in the brain, the mechanisms underlying brain ageing and the implications for brain function and disease susceptibility. Follow the article series online at: www.nature.com/nrn/series/brainageing
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Learning and memory: Artificial activation of a memory trace p287 | doi:10.1038/nrn3242 Two studies show that a memory trace can be artificially activated to induce fear behaviour. PDF Sensory processing: Dense scents of nature p288 | doi:10.1038/nrn3232 The representation of natural odours in the olfactory bulb is dense, not sparse. PDF Metabolism: Controlling consumption p288 | doi:10.1038/nrn3233 A dendritically targeted Bdnf mRNA transcript is required for the regulation of food intake in response to leptin. PDF Neurodegenerative disease: Neurodegenerative networking p288 | doi:10.1038/nrn3248 Two new studies involving graph theoretical analysis of healthy brain connectivity show that in neurodegenerative diseases, pathology might spread across neural networks via transneuronal propagation. PDF Neurodegenerative disease: The stress of misfolding p290 | doi:10.1038/nrn3235 Endoplasmic reticulum stress influences neurodegeneration in a mouse model of α-synucleinopathy. PDF Behavioural neuroscience: Spurned flies hit the booze p290 | doi:10.1038/nrn3236 Sexual rejection in Drosophila melanogaster has been found to reduce activity in the neuropeptide F reward pathway, resulting in compensatory enhanced ethanol consumption. PDF Glia: Sourcing local produce p290 | doi:10.1038/nrn3247 Postnatal expansion of glia in the cortex is largely due to local production of astrocytes. PDF IN BRIEF Synaptic plasticity: WNT signalling regulates plasticity in worms | Pain: P2X7 receptor variants influence pain | Neurogenesis: Hypothalamic neurogenesis regulates weight gain | Neural networks: Functional clustering of activity during NREM sleep | Neurological disorders: Microglia — major players in Rett syndrome? | Neurotrophic factors: Locating BDNF | Ion channels: The anionic influence | Dendrites: Staying out of touch PDF Neuroscience JOBS of the week Post-doctoral position in Prague / Czech Republic (neurosciences) Institute of Experimental Medicine of ASCR, v.v.i, postdoctoral positions in Neuroscience Univerisity of Science and Technology of China Computational Neuroscience PhD Walter Senn Protein Biochemist Position in Structural Neuroscience Peking University Two Postdoc fellows in Neuroscience (Stroke) Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC) More Science jobs from Neuroscience EVENT FENS Forum of Neuroscience 14.-17.07.12 Barcelona, Spain More science events from
REVIEWS		Top
Impaired mitochondrial function in psychiatric disorders Husseini Manji, Tadafumi Kato, Nicholas A. Di Prospero, Seth Ness, M. Flint Beal, Michael Krams & Guang Chen p293 | doi:10.1038/nrn3229 A growing body of evidence suggests that many psychiatric illnesses are associated with impaired mitochondrial function. Manji and colleagues review evidence from studies in animal models and humans and discuss strategies for therapeutics aimed at enhancing mitochondrial function in patients with psychiatric disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Axonal mRNA localization and local protein synthesis in nervous system assembly, maintenance and repair Hosung Jung, Byung C. Yoon & Christine E. Holt p308 | doi:10.1038/nrn3210 Local mRNA translation provides an efficient mechanism by which highly polarized cells such as neurons can respond to extrinsic signals. Holt and colleagues describe the growing evidence for the importance of local axonal mRNA translation and protein synthesis in various aspects of nervous system development and function. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Article series: Brain ageing The circadian clock and pathology of the ageing brain Anna A. Kondratova & Roman V. Kondratov p325 | doi:10.1038/nrn3208 Dysfunction of the circadian clock contributes to the age-associated decline of brain functions. Here, the authors examine the evidence for this link and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms such as the circadian control of brain metabolism and hormone secretion. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The economy of brain network organization Ed Bullmore & Olaf Sporns p336 | doi:10.1038/nrn3214 On the basis of data from brain network science, Bullmore and Sporns propose that brain organization is shaped by an economical trade-off between minimizing wiring cost and maximizing the efficiency of information transfer between neuronal populations and discuss this idea in the context of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Article series: Neural circuits Structural neurobiology: missing link to a mechanistic understanding of neural computation Winfried Denk, Kevin L. Briggman & Moritz Helmstaedter p351 | doi:10.1038/nrn3169 In recent decades, advances in technology have enabled the structure of the nervous system to be dissected in greater detail than ever before. In this Opinion article, Denk and colleagues outline why structural information is so important for our understanding of the function of neural circuits and describe new tools and approaches that are improving the structural information that we can acquire. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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