Nature Chemical Biology Contents: May 2012 Volume 8 Number 5, pp 409 - 493

Advertisement High Impact Biological Chemistry RSC Publishing Biology Journals are creating a new paradigm in biology by addressing real problems and real scientific issues of concern in today's world www.rsc.org/BiologicalPort TABLE OF CONTENTS May 2012 Volume 8, Issue 5 Editorials Research Highlights News and Views Review Brief Communications Articles Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement The Naturejobs Career Expo London 2012 UK's largest career fair and conference focused exclusively on the scientific world. 20 September 2012 - Business Design Centre, London, UK Register today! Career fair is FREE of charge. Conference fee is £40.   Editorials Top Invest early and often p409 doi:10.1038/nchembio.955 Funding organizations need to support young investigators to ensure the future of interdisciplinary research. Full Text | PDF Let's connect p409 doi:10.1038/nchembio.956 Social media offer rapid and informal mechanisms to exchange ideas and build ties within the community. Full Text | PDF Research Highlights Top Apoptosis: Sphingolipid cofactors | Biomaterials: Primed by polymers | Structural biology: Versatile conformation | Epigenetics: Docking PCNA | Systems biology: Cross-talking PTMs | Channels: Under pressure | Metals: Iron from the heart | Metalloenzymes: One-way e- traffic News and Views Top Immunology: Csk keeps LYP on a leash pp412 - 413 Ming-Chao Zhong and Andre Veillette doi:10.1038/nchembio.940 Lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP) is often mutated in humans suffering from autoimmune diseases. A recent study proposes a mechanism by which LYP can cause these diseases and suggests that drugs against LYP could be a useful treatment. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Vang et al. Synthetic biology: Automated design of RNA devices pp413 - 415 Farren J Isaacs doi:10.1038/nchembio.942 RNA molecules have diverse functional roles, including silencing genes, catalyzing biochemical reactions and sensing chemicals that control gene expression. Biologists have drawn from nature's toolbox to construct engineered RNA molecules with versatile capabilities and can now begin to automate the design of libraries of regulatory RNAs. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Mutalik et al. Plant signaling: Deconstructing auxin sensing pp415 - 416 Steffen Vanneste and Jiri Friml doi:10.1038/nchembio.943 Sensing of the plant hormone auxin involves formation of a co-receptor complex consisting of an F-box protein and an AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) transcriptional repressor. Distinct co-receptor combinations might provide cells with an unexpectedly broad range of auxin-sensing capacities and contribute to diverse transcriptional programs activated by different auxin levels in various developmental contexts. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Calderón Villalobos et al. Chemical Biology JOBS of the week Research Chemist or Biologist - Internship Kelly Scientific Resources PhD position “In-situ hybrid interfaces for organic spintronics” University of Twente optimization of Bio-polymers properties, by natural fiber addition. UNIVERSITÀ DELLA CALABRIA Formulation Chemist Kelly Scientific Resources Graphene chemtronics IPCMS, University of Strasbourg More Science jobs from Chemical Biology EVENT International Conference on Bioinspired and Biobased Chemistry & Materials 3-5 October 2012 Nice, France More science events from Review Top Chromatin as an expansive canvas for chemical biology pp417 - 427 Beat Fierz and Tom W Muir doi:10.1038/nchembio.938 Chromatin structure and its modulation by epigenetic mechanisms represent a complex system that regulates gene expression in cells. Chemical biology approaches, including chemical probes, designer chromatin and molecular-level analysis of chromatin states, offer powerful mechanistic tools for understanding and manipulating chromatin at all levels of cellular organization. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Brief Communications Top Programmable enantioselective one-pot synthesis of molecules with eight stereocenters pp428 - 430 Marco Potowski, Markus Schürmann, Hans Preut, Andrey P Antonchick and Herbert Waldmann doi:10.1038/nchembio.901 Searching chemical space for biologically active molecules requires facile access to new molecular architectures. Variations in reagent, catalyst and reaction order create a programmable one-pot method that yields single stereoisomers of complex cycloadducts, including either isomer of enantiomeric pairs. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds Signaling-mediated bacterial persister formation pp431 - 433 Nicole M Vega, Kyle R Allison, Ahmad S Khalil and James J Collins doi:10.1038/nchembio.915 Indole, secreted by E. coli, induces oxidative-stress and phage-shock pathway genes to increase persistence, a phenomenon in which dormant bacteria are resistant to antibiotics. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF An engineered eukaryotic protein glycosylation pathway in Escherichia coli  pp434 - 436 Juan D Valderrama-Rincon, Adam C Fisher, Judith H Merritt, Yao-Yun Fan, Craig A Reading, Krishan Chhiba, Christian Heiss, Parastoo Azadi, Markus Aebi and Matthew P DeLisa doi:10.1038/nchembio.921 N-linked glycoprotein production requires attachment of eukaryotic glycans to eukaryotic proteins. The introduction of four eukaryotic glycosyltransferases and a bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase now allows E. coli to produce and transfer a five-glycan Man3GlcNAc2 eukaryotic core structure to several protein targets. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF Articles Top LYP inhibits T-cell activation when dissociated from CSK  pp437 - 446 Torkel Vang, Wallace H Liu, Laurence Delacroix, Shuangding Wu, Stefan Vasile, Russell Dahl, Li Yang, Lucia Musumeci, Dana Francis, Johannes Landskron, Kjetil Tasken, Michel L Tremblay, Benedicte A Lie, Rebecca Page, Tomas Mustelin, Souad Rahmouni, Robert C Rickert and Lutz Tautz doi:10.1038/nchembio.916 The protein phosphatase LYP is known to regulate signaling in the immune system, but the regulatory mechanisms controlling LYP itself are less clear. Exploration of spatiotemporal dynamics and application of a newly identified chemical inhibitor now define a role for the kinase CSK in dialing down LYP activity. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Zhong & Veillette Rationally designed families of orthogonal RNA regulators of translation pp447 - 454 Vivek K Mutalik, Lei Qi, Joao C Guimaraes, Julius B Lucks and Adam P Arkin doi:10.1038/nchembio.919 Antisense RNA sequences are attractive 'parts' for use as regulatory devices in synthetic biology applications. Synthesis and testing of an RNA library specific to the translation initiation region now allows analysis and forward design of these sequences, leading to a family of mutually orthogonal regulators. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Isaacs Diazepam-bound GABAA receptor models identify new benzodiazepine binding-site ligands pp455 - 464 Lars Richter, Chris de Graaf, Werner Sieghart, Zdravko Varagic, Martina Mörzinger, Iwan J P de Esch, Gerhard F Ecker and Margot Ernst doi:10.1038/nchembio.917 Diazepam-bound GABAA receptor models used for virtual screening lead to discovery of new ligands that modulate GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes via their benzodiazepine binding site. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds Rapid and orthogonal logic gating with a gibberellin-induced dimerization system pp465 - 470 Takafumi Miyamoto, Robert DeRose, Allison Suarez, Tasuku Ueno, Melinda Chen, Tai-ping Sun, Michael J Wolfgang, Chandrani Mukherjee, David J Meyers and Takanari Inoue doi:10.1038/nchembio.922 Chemically inducible protein dimerization serves as a useful tool to investigate biological systems and construct synthetic circuits. Optimization of a protein-protein interaction dependent on the plant hormone gibberellin yields a portable dimerization system that can be combined with rapamycin to assemble logic gates. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds Reversible targeting of noncatalytic cysteines with chemically tuned electrophiles pp471 - 476 Iana M Serafimova, Miles A Pufall, Shyam Krishnan, Katarzyna Duda, Michael S Cohen, Rebecca L Maglathlin, Jesse M McFarland, Rand M Miller, Morten Frödin and Jack Taunton doi:10.1038/nchembio.925 A covalent inhibitor based on an electron-deficient olefin scaffold reversibly and selectively inhibits the p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase RSK. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds A combinatorial TIR1/AFB–Aux/IAA co-receptor system for differential sensing of auxin pp477 - 485 Luz Irina A Calderón Villalobos, Sarah Lee, Cesar De Oliveira, Anthony Ivetac, Wolfgang Brandt, Lynne Armitage, Laura B Sheard, Xu Tan, Geraint Parry, Haibin Mao, Ning Zheng, Richard Napier, Stefan Kepinski and Mark Estelle doi:10.1038/nchembio.926 Auxin is perceived by a co-receptor complex that contains a TIR1 F-box protein and an Aux/IAA transcriptional repressor. The combinatorial diversity of auxin co-receptor complexes and their distinct spectra of affinities offer a means to tune plant cell sensitivity to a wide range of auxin concentrations. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds See also: News and Views by Vanneste & Friml Adenanthin targets peroxiredoxin I and II to induce differentiation of leukemic cells pp486 - 493 Chuan-Xu Liu, Qian-Qian Yin, Hu-Chen Zhou, Ying-Li Wu, Jian-Xin Pu, Li Xia, Wei Liu, Xin Huang, Tao Jiang, Ming-Xuan Wu, Li-Cai He, Ya-Xue Zhao, Xiao-Lin Wang, Wei-Lie Xiao, Hong-Zhuan Chen, Qian Zhao, Ai-Wu Zhou, Li-Shun Wang, Han-Dong Sun and Guo-Qiang Chen doi:10.1038/nchembio.935 The diperpenoid adenanthin covalently modifies the resolving cysteine from peroxiredoxins to inhibit the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, a second messenger in cells, and thereby activates pathways that promote the differentiation of leukemia cells. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Chemical compounds Top Advertisement The Arab world has a rich history of scientific breakthroughs. Ensure you're part of the scientific and medical community gaining access to breaking news in the region. 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